CN116329633B - Swing milling head and five-axis machining center - Google Patents
Swing milling head and five-axis machining center Download PDFInfo
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- CN116329633B CN116329633B CN202310612157.9A CN202310612157A CN116329633B CN 116329633 B CN116329633 B CN 116329633B CN 202310612157 A CN202310612157 A CN 202310612157A CN 116329633 B CN116329633 B CN 116329633B
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- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003351 stiffener Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C9/00—Details or accessories so far as specially adapted to milling machines or cutter
- B23C9/005—Details or accessories so far as specially adapted to milling machines or cutter milling heads
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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Abstract
The invention relates to a swing milling head and a five-axis machining center, which comprise a head body shell and a rotator shell which are connected with each other in a rotating way; the wiring device and the cable are both arranged in the head body shell; the wiring device is used for folding the cables, arranging the folded cables in an arc shape, and fixing the positions of the two ends of the cables with the head body shell and the rotator shell respectively; the wiring device comprises a drag chain, an inner guide sleeve, a first guide plate and a second guide plate which are nested in sequence from inside to outside, an inner arc-shaped space is formed between the inner guide sleeve and the first guide plate, and an outer arc-shaped space sleeved outside the inner arc-shaped space is formed between the first guide plate and the second guide plate; the invention has the beneficial effects that the arrangement mode of the inner wiring of the cable is adopted, the cable can be matched with the swinging working condition of the swinging milling head, the cable which is leaked outside does not have negative influence on the milling head processing process, the processing stability of the swinging milling head is further effectively ensured, and the processing precision is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of milling heads, in particular to a swinging milling head and a five-axis machining center.
Background
For the swing milling head, in order to adapt to the swing working condition of the swing milling head, most of cables are arranged outside the swing milling head, and the swing part and the fixed part are connected through the wire protection sleeve, so that a larger interference profile is caused, and when a complex workpiece is processed, the redundant swing wire protection sleeve is extremely easy to collide with the workpiece, so that the swing milling head is damaged, and even the workpiece is scrapped.
Because the motion track of the wire-protecting sleeve is unstable, the stroke of the wire-protecting sleeve for allowing the swinging milling head to swing is not suitable to be too long, and therefore, in general, the workpiece is difficult to realize all milling procedures of the workpiece through single clamping.
Most of the swing milling heads do not have a specific swing locking device, so that the stability of the swing milling heads is difficult to be effectively ensured when the swing milling heads perform processing operation.
Because the gear transmission inside the swing milling head needs lubricating oil, and the state of the lubricating oil is difficult to detect by people, the gears are lubricated by regularly supplementing the lubricating oil, and excessive lubricating oil is inevitably generated, the prior art does not have an oil stain discharge system, so that oil stains pollute the inner components of the swing milling head, and the swing milling head is easy to break down.
In the prior art, the swinging milling head is used for sealing the swinging part by the aid of the sealing ring, the dynamic rotary sealing is unreliable in the mode, the sealing ring is worn by long-term operation, the sealing is invalid, and impurities such as external dust enter the swinging milling head through the rotary part, so that the service life of the swinging milling head is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and disadvantages of the prior art, the present invention provides a swing milling head and a five-axis machining center, which solves the technical problems of the prior art that the wire protection sleeve is easy to collide with the workpiece, resulting in damage of the swing milling head and even scrapping of the workpiece.
Technical proposal
In order to achieve the above purpose, the main technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises the following steps:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a swing milling head comprising: a head body housing and a rotator housing rotatably connected to each other; the wiring device and the cable are both arranged in the head body shell; the wiring device is used for folding the cables, arranging the folded cables in an arc shape, and fixing the positions of the two ends of the cables with the head body shell and the rotator shell respectively; the wiring device comprises a drag chain, and an inner guide sleeve, a first guide plate and a second guide plate which are nested in sequence from inside to outside, wherein an inner arc-shaped space is formed between the inner guide sleeve and the first guide plate; an outer arc space sleeved outside the inner arc space is formed between the first guide plate and the second guide plate; the cable is arranged in the drag chain; the first guide plate is provided with a first channel; one end of the drag chain extends a first length along the inner arc space along the forward direction and then is connected with the inner guide sleeve, the other end of the drag chain passes through the first channel and then is folded, and the drag chain extends a second length along the outer arc space along the reverse direction and then is connected with the head body shell.
In one technical scheme of the invention, the inner guide sleeve is connected to the shell of the rotating body; the first guide plate and the second guide plate are connected to the head body shell; the cable is provided with a folding part, when the rotator shell rotates relative to the head body shell, the first length and the second length of the drag chain can compensate each other, so that the cables positioned at two sides of the folding part can compensate each other, and the drag chain and the cables are both kept in the inner arc space and the outer arc space; the wiring device also comprises a bottom friction plate and a wire clamping piece; the bottom friction plate is connected to the rotating body shell and corresponds to the bottoms of the inner arc space and the outer arc space so as to support one side of the drag chain; the wire clamping piece is used for fixing the cable on the inner guide sleeve so as to fix the cable on the guide sleeve.
In one aspect of the present invention, the swing milling head further includes a spindle device connected within the rotator housing; the inner guide sleeve is provided with an outlet, and the cable is electrically connected with the spindle device after passing through the outlet.
In one technical scheme of the invention, the outer connecting part is arranged on the shell of the head body, and the inner connecting part is arranged on the shell of the rotating body; the inner connecting part is sleeved in the outer connecting part and is rotationally connected with the outer connecting part.
In one technical scheme of the invention, the swing milling head further comprises a clamping device, wherein the clamping device is arranged between the outer connecting part and the inner connecting part and comprises a clamping body and an elastic membrane; the clamping body is connected to the inner connecting part, a diaphragm cavity is formed in the clamping body, the elastic diaphragm is arranged in the diaphragm cavity, and an air chamber is formed in the elastic diaphragm; the elastic membrane extends along the radial direction of the inner connecting part, and is connected with the side wall of the clamping body, which is close to the outer connecting part; the elastic membrane is deformed by increasing the pressure of the air chamber so as to reduce the length of the elastic membrane extending along the radial direction of the inner connecting part, and then the clamping body is pulled to be gradually far away from the outer connecting part so as to enter a separation state; the elastic membrane is reset by reducing the pressure of the air chamber so as to increase the length of the elastic membrane extending along the radial direction of the inner connecting part, and then the clamping body is extruded to gradually approach and extrude the outer connecting part so as to enter the clamping state.
In one aspect of the present invention, the swing milling head further includes a bearing assembly connected between the inner and outer connection portions; the bearing assembly comprises a bearing inner ring, a bearing outer ring and a bearing reinforcing ring, wherein the bearing inner ring is connected to the inner connecting part, the bearing outer ring is connected to the outer connecting part, and the bearing reinforcing ring is connected to the bearing inner ring; the bearing assembly further includes an angle encoder coupled to the bearing stiffener ring.
In one aspect of the present invention, the swing milling head further includes a dust protection system; the dustproof system comprises a positive pressure cavity and a sealing ring, wherein the positive pressure cavity and the sealing ring are circumferentially arranged along the outer connecting part, the positive pressure cavity is circumferentially arranged on the head body shell, the sealing ring is circumferentially arranged between the head body shell and the rotator shell, the positive pressure cavity extends to the sealing ring from the inside of the head body shell, and the pressure intensity in the positive pressure cavity is kept higher than the atmospheric pressure intensity.
In one technical scheme of the invention, the swing milling head further comprises a driving device, wherein the driving device is connected in the head body shell so as to drive the rotating body shell to swing relative to the head body shell; the driving device comprises a driving motor, a speed reducer and a gear ring, wherein the driving motor and the speed reducer are connected in the shell of the head body, the gear ring is connected to the top of the inner connecting part, the speed reducer is provided with an input end and an output end, the input end is in driving connection with the driving motor, and the output end is meshed with the gear ring.
In one technical scheme of the invention, the swing milling head further comprises an oil guide groove and an oil guide ring, wherein the oil guide groove is connected to the rotator shell and is sealed with the head shell, the oil guide ring is connected to the gear ring and is sealed with the gear ring, an oil guide channel is formed between the oil guide groove and the oil guide ring, and an oil outlet communicated with the oil guide channel is further formed on the head shell.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a five-axis machining center, including a swing milling head according to any one of the above-mentioned aspects.
Advantageous effects
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the swing milling head, the wiring device and the cable for arranging the cables are arranged in the head body shell, so that the exposed cables do not exist outside the milling head, and therefore, when a special-shaped workpiece is machined, the cables and the workpiece do not interfere with each other in a moving way, and the machining quality and the machining precision of the workpiece are effectively guaranteed.
The wiring device is arranged in the head body shell, so that the internal space of the head body shell can be effectively utilized, and the structural compactness of the swing milling head is further improved.
The first length part of the folded drag chain is kept in the inner arc space, and the second length part is kept in the outer arc space; because the inner arc space and the outer arc space are mutually nested, when the rotating body shell swings relative to the head body shell, under the guiding action of the inner guide sleeve, the first guide plate and the second guide plate, the drag chain can still keep a folded state, but the folding position of the drag chain can be changed, so that the drag chain of the first length part and the second length part can compensate each other, but the drag chain still keeps a state of no interference, and meanwhile, the cable inside the drag chain can be kept in a state of no interference.
Compared with the prior art, the invention adopts the arrangement mode of the inner wiring of the cable, the cable can be matched with the swinging working condition of the swinging milling head, and the leaked cable can not negatively affect the milling head processing process, thereby effectively ensuring the processing stability of the swinging milling head and improving the processing precision.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a swing milling head according to an embodiment of the present invention in a horizontal position;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a swing milling head according to an embodiment of the present invention in a vertical position;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a swing milling head according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a cable according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a structure in which a rotor housing of the present invention is rotated to a limit state;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a structure in which the rotor housing of the present invention is rotated to another limit state;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure at the drag chain of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged partial schematic view of the bearing assembly of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a driving apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of a portion of the clamp device of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic view of a partial enlarged structure of the dust-proof system of fig. 3 according to the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals
10: a cable; 11: a folding part;
100: a head body housing; 101: an outer connection portion;
200: a rotator housing; 201: an inner connecting part;
300: a wiring device; 301: a drag chain; 302: an inner guide sleeve; 303: a first guide plate; 304: a second guide plate; 305: an inner arc space; 306: an outer arc space; 307: a first channel; 310: a bottom friction plate; 311: a wire clamping piece; 312: a wire outlet;
400: a clamping device; 401: clamping the body; 402: an elastic membrane; 403: a diaphragm cavity; 404: a gas chamber;
500: a spindle device;
600: a bearing assembly; 601: a bearing inner ring; 602: a bearing outer ring; 604: an angle encoder; 605: a bearing reinforcing ring;
700: a dust-proof system; 701: a positive pressure chamber; 702: a seal ring;
800: a driving device; 801: a driving motor; 802: a speed reducer; 803: a gear ring; 804: an input end; 805: an output end;
900: an oil guiding groove; 910: oil guiding ring; 920: an oil guide channel; 930: an oil outlet.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 to 11 for better explanation of the present invention, and for convenience of understanding. Wherein references herein to "top," "bottom," and the like, are made to the orientation of fig. 3.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, embodiments of the present invention provide a swing milling head including a head body housing 100 and a rotary body housing 200 rotatably coupled to each other; and a wiring device 300 and a cable 10 both provided in the head body case 100; the wiring device 300 is used for folding the cable 10, arranging the folded cable 10 in an arc shape, and fixing the positions of two ends of the cable 10 with the head body housing 100 and the rotator housing 200 respectively; the cable 10 has a folded portion 11, and the cables 10 located at both sides of the folded portion 11 can compensate each other when the rotator housing 200 rotates with respect to the head housing 100.
In this embodiment, the wiring device 300 for arranging the cable 10 and the cable 10 are disposed in the head body housing 100, so that the exposed cable 10 does not exist outside the milling head, and therefore, when the special-shaped workpiece is machined, no motion interference is generated between the cable 10 and the workpiece, and therefore, the machining quality and the machining precision of the workpiece are effectively ensured.
Also, since the wiring device 300 is provided in the head housing 100, the space inside the head housing 100 can be effectively utilized, and the structural compactness of the swing milling head can be improved.
After the cables 10 are folded, the cables 10 are arranged in an arc shape, and the physical lengths of the cables 10 positioned at two sides of the folding position can be mutually compensated, that is, when the rotating body shell 200 swings for an angle relative to the head body shell 100, the position of the folding part 11 on the cables 10 can be changed, but the cables 10 can still be kept in a folded state, so that the cables 10 can be prevented from interfering in the swinging section of the rotating body shell 200;
the cable 10 can be folded once, and the cable 10 can meet the use requirement of the swing milling head with larger swing amount by increasing the folding length of the cable 10 of the drag chain 301.
Specifically, by reasonably adjusting the lengths of the drag chain 301 and the cable 10, the rotator housing 200 can have a swing interval of about 250 ° relative to the head body housing 100, which is more beneficial to completing the processing of the workpiece by one clamping.
Compared with the prior art, the invention adopts the arrangement mode of the inner wiring of the cable 10, the cable 10 can be matched with the swinging working condition of the swinging milling head, and the cable 10 without leakage can not negatively affect the milling head processing process, thereby effectively ensuring the processing stability of the swinging milling head and improving the processing precision.
The wiring device 300 comprises a drag chain 301, an inner guide sleeve 302, a first guide plate 303 and a second guide plate 304 which are nested in sequence from inside to outside; the cable 10 is arranged in the drag chain 301, and the inner guide sleeve 302 is connected to the rotator housing 200; the first guide plate 303 and the second guide plate 304 are both connected to the head body housing 100; an inner arc space 305 is formed between the inner guide sleeve 302 and the first guide plate 303; an outer arc space 306 sleeved outside the inner arc space 305 is formed between the first guide plate 303 and the second guide plate 304; the first guide plate 303 has a first channel 307 thereon; one end of the drag chain 301 extends along the inner arc space 305 along the square for a first length and then is connected to the inner guide sleeve 302, the other end of the drag chain 301 passes through the first channel 307 and then is folded, and extends along the outer arc space 306 along the opposite direction for a second length and then is connected to the head body housing 100; the forward direction is opposite to the reverse direction; when the rotator housing 200 rotates relative to the head housing 100, the first length and the second length of the drag chain 301 can compensate each other, so that the cables 10 located at two sides of the folding portion 11 can compensate each other, and further, the drag chain 301 and the cables 10 are kept in the inner arc space 305 and the outer arc space 306;
the wiring device 300 further includes a bottom friction plate 310 and a wire clamping piece 311; the bottom friction plate 310 is connected to the rotator housing 200 and corresponds to the bottoms of the inner and outer arc spaces 305 and 306 to support one side of the drag chain 301; the wire clamping member 311 is used for fixing the cable 10 on the inner guide sleeve 302 so as to fix the cable 10 on the guide sleeve.
In the present embodiment, the wiring device 300 includes a drag chain 301, an inner guide bush 302, a first guide plate 303, and a second guide plate 304, and the cable 10 is routed inside the drag chain 301, and the cable 10 can be folded while the drag chain 301 is folded.
The first length of the folded drag chain 301 remains within the inner arc space 305 and the second length remains within the outer arc space 306; because the inner arc space 305 and the outer arc space 306 are nested with each other, when the rotator housing 200 swings relative to the head housing 100, the drag chain 301 can still keep a folded state under the guiding action of the inner guide sleeve 302, the first guide plate 303 and the second guide plate 304, but the folding position of the drag chain 301 can be changed, so that the drag chain 301 with the first length and the second length can compensate each other, but the drag chain 301 still keeps a state of not interfering with each other, and meanwhile, the cable 10 inside the drag chain 301 can also be ensured to keep a state of not interfering with each other;
specifically, the first guide plates 303 are arranged in an arc shape, and the first channels 307 are disposed between two ends of the first guide plates 303, where the opening of the first channels 307 is sized to match the usage requirement of the drag chain 301 with a position change.
The bottom friction plate 310 may be additionally disposed, the bottom friction plate 310 is used to abut against one side of the drag chain 301, and the bottom friction plate 310 may be made of nylon, so as to reduce abrasion of the drag chain 301 and improve service life of the drag chain 301.
The drag chain 301 is provided to be bendable in two directions so that it can be arcuately extended along an inner arcuately space 305 and an outer arcuately space 306.
The wire clamping member 311 includes an axial clamping member defining a position of the cable 10 in the axial direction of the inner guide sheath 302, and a radial clamping member defining a position of the cable 10 in the radial direction of the inner guide sheath 302.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the swing milling head further includes a spindle device 500 coupled within the rotator housing 200; the inner guide sleeve 302 has an outlet 312, and the cable 10 is electrically connected to the spindle device 500 after passing through the outlet 312.
In this embodiment, the spindle device 500 is used as a processing head of the swing milling head, the spindle device 500 is used to drive the milling cutter to perform milling action, and the cable 10 is electrically connected with the spindle device 500, so that the spindle device 500 can normally operate; the cable 10 is output from the outlet 312 on the inner guide sleeve 302 to the spindle, and the inner guide sleeve 302 and the rotator housing 200 are kept relatively stationary, and the spindle device 500 is also disposed in the rotator housing 200, so that the cable 10 can be ensured not to interfere with the rotator housing 200 when the rotator housing 200 swings, and the stability of the end of the cable 10 connected with the spindle device 500 is improved.
As shown in fig. 3, the head body case 100 has an outer connection portion 101 and the rotator case 200 has an inner connection portion 201; the inner connecting portion 201 is sleeved in the outer connecting portion 101 and is rotatably connected with the outer connecting portion 101.
In the present embodiment, by nesting the inner connection portion 201 and the outer connection portion 101 with each other and rotationally connecting them, the rotator housing 200 and the head housing 100 can be rotationally connected;
specifically, the inner and outer connection portions 201 and 101 may be provided as extension portions on the corresponding head body and body housings 200 and 100, thereby ensuring that the movement interference of the head body and body housings 200 and 100 does not occur after the head body and body housings 100 and 200 are rotatably connected.
As shown in fig. 8, the swing milling head further includes a bearing assembly 600 connected between the inner connection 201 and the outer connection 101; the bearing assembly 600 comprises a bearing inner ring 601, a bearing outer ring 602 and a bearing reinforcing ring 605, wherein the bearing inner ring 601 is connected to the inner connecting part 201, the bearing outer ring 602 is connected to the outer connecting part 101, and the bearing reinforcing ring 605 is connected to the bearing inner ring 601; the bearing assembly 600 also includes an angle encoder 604, the angle encoder 604 being coupled to a bearing stiffener ring 605.
In this embodiment, the inner connecting portion 201 and the outer connecting portion 101 establish a rotational connection relationship through the bearing assembly 600, the bearing assembly 600 includes a bearing reinforcing ring 605, and the bearing reinforcing ring 605 is connected to the bearing inner ring to improve the rigidity of the bearing assembly 600, so as to improve the connection rigidity between the inner connecting portion 201 and the outer connecting portion 101, so as to ensure that the rotator housing 200 has higher rigidity during swinging, and provide hardware guarantee for the high torque machining condition of the swinging milling head; the machining stability of the swing milling head can be further improved, and the machining precision is improved.
The angle encoder 604 is directly arranged above the bearing reinforcing ring 605, so that the angle encoder 604 is very close to the bearing inner ring 601 and the bearing outer ring 602, which is beneficial to improving the measurement accuracy of the angle encoder 604 on the bearing inner ring 601 relative to the bearing outer ring 602, and further improving the swing detection accuracy of the rotating body shell 200.
As shown in fig. 3 and 9, the swing milling head further includes a driving device 800, where the driving device 800 is connected to the inside of the head body housing 100 to drive the rotating body housing 200 to swing relative to the head body housing 100; the driving device 800 includes a driving motor 801, a speed reducer 802, and a gear ring 803, the driving motor 801 and the speed reducer 802 are both connected to the inside of the head body housing 100, the gear ring 803 is connected to the top of the inner connecting portion 201, the speed reducer 802 has an input end 804 and an output end 805, the input end 804 is in driving connection with the driving motor 801, and the output ends 805 are both meshed with the gear ring 803.
Specifically, the head housing 100 may also be in a raised form, for example, raised 30 ° relative to a horizontal line, so as to ensure that the head housing 100 has enough vertical space to set related components, so that the related components can be set up relatively to the spindle device, and the lower part of the head housing has more space, which is beneficial to reducing the cantilever length of the spindle device 500, and further improving the rigidity of the swing milling head during processing, thereby improving the cutting performance.
In addition, the front end of the spindle device 500 is a stress point of cutting processing, and the design that the head body shell 100 is lifted makes the stress direction of the stress point of the front end more easily fall into the profile formed by a plurality of electric contacts of the head body shell 100 and a rack connected with the head body shell, thereby ensuring the conduction of cutting force, further improving the cutting rigidity of the swing milling head and improving the processing performance.
In this embodiment, the torque output by the driving motor 801 is transmitted to the speed reducer 802, the speed reducer 802 performs speed-reducing and torque-increasing processing on the torque, and then outputs the torque through the output end 805, the output end includes a gear, the gear of the output end 805 is meshed with the gear ring 803, so that the gear ring 803 can drive the rotator housing 200 to swing relative to the head housing 100;
also, since the torque output from the driving motor 801 is transmitted to the ring gear 803 after the speed-reducing and torque-increasing process, the ring gear 803 operates in a low-speed stable state, and thus the stability of the swing of the rotor case 200 is improved.
Specifically, two speed reducers 802 may be provided, and gears at two output ends 805 of the two speed reducers 802 are meshed with the gear ring 803, and form a double-tooth anti-backlash structure, so that the swing control precision of the rotating body housing 200 can be improved, and the machining precision of the swing milling head can be further improved.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 3 and 10, the embodiment of the present invention further includes the following technical means in addition to all the technical means of the above embodiment:
the swing milling head further comprises a clamping device 400, wherein the clamping device 400 is arranged between the outer connecting part 101 and the inner connecting part 201; the clamping device 400 comprises a clamping body 401 and an elastic membrane 402; the clamping body 401 is connected to one of the inner connecting portion 201 and the outer connecting portion 101, a diaphragm cavity 403 is formed in the clamping body 401, an elastic diaphragm 402 is arranged in the diaphragm cavity 403, and an air chamber 404 is formed in the elastic diaphragm 402; the elastic membrane 402 extends along the radial direction of the inner connecting portion 201, and the elastic membrane 402 is connected with the side wall of the clamping body 401 near the outer connecting portion 101;
by increasing the pressure of the air chamber 404, the elastic membrane 402 is deformed to reduce the length of the elastic membrane 402 extending along the radial direction of the inner connecting portion 201, and then the clamping body 401 is pulled gradually away from the outer connecting portion 101 to enter a disengaged state;
by decreasing the pressure of the air chamber 404, the elastic diaphragm 402 is deformed to increase the length of the elastic diaphragm 402 extending in the radial direction of the inner connecting portion 201, and the pressing clamp body 401 gradually approaches and presses the outer connecting portion 101 to enter the clamped state.
In this embodiment, the clamping device 400 is used to limit a specific swing position of the rotor housing 200 relative to the head housing 100, the clamping device 400 has a clamping state that limits the swing of the rotor housing 200 relative to the head housing 100, and a release state that allows the swing of the rotor housing 200 relative to the head housing 100, the swing angle adjustment condition of the swing milling head corresponds to the release state of the clamping device 400, and the processing condition of the swing milling head corresponds to the clamping state of the clamping device 400.
Because the clamping device 400 can enter a disengaged state or a clamped state as required, the swing milling head is prevented from swinging when the machining operation is performed, and the stability, the machining rigidity and the machining precision of the swing milling head are further ensured when the machining operation is performed.
Specifically, the clamping device 400 includes a clamping body 401 and an elastic membrane 402, both of which may be annular and extend in a flat form along a radial direction of the inner connecting portion 201, the elastic membrane 402 is disposed inside a membrane cavity 403 of the clamping body 401, an air tap is connected to the clamping body 401, and the air tap extends into the rotator housing 200, and a corresponding air supply pipeline is connected to a corresponding air path system after passing through the rotator housing 200.
The elastic membrane 402 is kept retracted in a normal state, under the action of the elastic membrane 402, the elastic membrane 402 has a movement trend of reducing the length along the axial direction of the inner connecting portion 201 and increasing the length along the radial direction of the inner connecting portion 201, so that the elastic membrane 402 presses the clamping body 401 to enable the clamping body 401 to be close to the pressing outer connecting portion 101, and when the clamping body 401 and the outer connecting portion 101 are tightly abutted under the action of the elastic membrane 402, a large static friction force is generated between the clamping body 401 and the outer connecting portion 101, and the friction force can reliably limit the rotating body shell 200 not to operate relative to the head body shell 100.
After the air pressure of the air chamber 404 of the elastic membrane 402 is gradually increased, the length of the elastic membrane 402 along the axial direction of the inner connecting portion 201 is gradually increased and the length of the elastic membrane 402 along the radial direction of the inner connecting portion 201 is reduced, so that the elastic membrane 402 pulls the clamping body 401 away from the outer connecting portion 101, and further the clamping body 401 is separated from the outer connecting portion 101, thereby eliminating static friction force between the clamping body 401 and the outer connecting portion 101.
More specifically, when the elastic membrane 402 is in a normal state, a gap exists between the clamping body 401 and the outer connecting portion 101, so as to ensure that the clamping body and the outer connecting portion are not contacted.
The clamping body 401 may be made of elastic metal, and the surfaces thereof contacting the outer connection portion 101 and the clamping body 401 are all subjected to wear-resistant treatment.
The magnitude of static friction force between the clamping body 401 and the outer connecting portion 101 can be adjusted by adjusting the magnitude of pressure in the air chamber 404, so that the swing limiting strength of the swing milling head spindle device can be controlled.
Example 3:
referring to fig. 3 and 11, the embodiment of the present invention further includes the following technical means in addition to all the technical means of any of the above embodiments:
the swing milling head further includes a dust protection system 700; the dust-proof system 700 includes a positive pressure chamber 701 and a seal ring 702 that are circumferentially disposed along the outer connecting portion 101, the positive pressure chamber 701 is circumferentially disposed on the head housing 100, the seal ring 702 is circumferentially disposed between the head housing 100 and the rotor housing 200, the positive pressure chamber 701 extends from the inside of the head housing 100 to the seal ring 702, and the pressure in the positive pressure chamber 701 is maintained higher than the atmospheric pressure.
In this embodiment, the dustproof system 700 is used to prevent impurities such as dust from entering the rotator housing 200 and the head housing 100, the higher air pressure in the positive pressure cavity 701 forms one seal of the dustproof system 700, the sealing ring 702 forms the other seal of the dustproof system 700, and the two-stage seal is beneficial to improving the sealing performance of the dustproof system, so as to ensure that the rotator housing 200 and the head housing 100 are not polluted by the impurities such as dust, further improve the stability of the swing milling head when executing processing operation, and improve the service life of the swing milling head.
Specifically, the positive pressure cavity 701 is connected with an air tap, and the air tap is connected with an air circuit system, which can keep the pressure in the positive pressure cavity 701 within a certain range all the time, which is a means of the prior art, and is not described in detail herein.
Example 4:
referring to fig. 3 and 11, the embodiment of the present invention further includes the following technical means in addition to all the technical means of any of the above embodiments:
the swing milling head further comprises an oil guiding groove 900 and an oil guiding ring 910, wherein the oil guiding groove 900 is connected to the rotator housing 200 and is sealed with the head body housing 100, the oil guiding ring 910 is connected to the gear ring 803 and is sealed with the gear ring 803, an oil guiding channel 920 is formed between the oil guiding groove 900 and the oil guiding ring 910, and an oil outlet 930 communicated with the oil guiding channel 920 is further formed on the head body housing 100.
In this embodiment, the oil guiding groove 900 and the oil guiding ring 910 can guide out the lubricating oil used by the ring gear 803, so as to realize the discharge of the lubrication oil without detaching the rotator housing 200 from the head housing 100, and even can reversely inject the lubrication oil, thereby improving the maintenance efficiency of the swing milling head.
Example 5:
the embodiment of the invention provides a five-axis machining center, which comprises the swinging milling head in any embodiment, and the five-axis machining center in the embodiment has all the technical effects of the swinging milling head in any embodiment, and is not described in detail herein for avoiding repetition.
It will be appreciated that the above examples 1-5, except where conflicting moieties, may be freely combined to form further embodiments of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; may be a communication between two elements or an interaction between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature is "on" or "under" a second feature, which may be in direct contact with the first and second features, or in indirect contact with the first and second features via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicate that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level lower than the second feature.
The terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, article, or apparatus/means that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, article, or apparatus/means.
Thus far, the technical solution of the present invention has been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent modifications and substitutions for related technical features may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and substitutions will fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A swinging milling head, characterized in that: comprising the following steps:
a head body housing (100) and a rotor housing (200) rotatably connected to each other;
and a wiring device (300) and a cable (10) both provided in the head body case (100);
the wiring device (300) is used for folding the cable (10) and enabling the folded cable (10) to be distributed in an arc shape, and the positions of two ends of the cable (10) are respectively fixed with the head body shell (100) and the rotator shell (200);
the wiring device (300) comprises a drag chain (301), and an inner guide sleeve (302), a first guide plate (303) and a second guide plate (304) which are nested in sequence from inside to outside, wherein an inner arc-shaped space (305) is formed between the inner guide sleeve (302) and the first guide plate (303); an outer arc-shaped space (306) sleeved outside the inner arc-shaped space (305) is formed between the first guide plate (303) and the second guide plate (304); the cable (10) is arranged in the drag chain (301);
the first guide plate (303) is provided with a first channel (307); one end of the drag chain (301) extends along the inner arc space (305) along the forward direction for a first length and then is connected with the inner guide sleeve (302), the other end of the drag chain (301) passes through the first channel (307) and then is folded, and extends along the outer arc space (306) along the reverse direction for a second length and then is connected with the head body shell (100);
the head body shell (100) is provided with an outer connecting part (101), and the rotator shell (200) is provided with an inner connecting part (201);
the inner connecting part (201) is sleeved in the outer connecting part (101) and is rotationally connected with the outer connecting part (101);
the swing milling head further comprises a clamping device (400), wherein the clamping device (400) is arranged between the outer connecting part (101) and the inner connecting part (201), and the clamping device (400) comprises a clamping body (401) and an elastic membrane (402);
the clamping body (401) is connected to the inner connecting part (201), a diaphragm cavity (403) is formed in the clamping body (401), the elastic diaphragm (402) is arranged in the diaphragm cavity (403), and an air chamber (404) is formed in the elastic diaphragm (402);
the elastic membrane (402) extends along the radial direction of the inner connecting part (201), and the elastic membrane (402) is connected with the side wall of the clamping body (401) close to the outer connecting part (101);
-deforming the elastic membrane (402) by increasing the pressure of the air chamber (404) to reduce the length of the elastic membrane (402) extending in the radial direction of the inner connection portion (201), thereby pulling the clamping body (401) gradually away from the outer connection portion (101) to enter a disengaged state;
the elastic membrane (402) is reset by reducing the pressure of the air chamber (404) so as to increase the length of the elastic membrane (402) extending along the radial direction of the inner connecting portion (201), and then the clamping body (401) is pressed to gradually approach and press the outer connecting portion (101) to enter a clamped state.
2. The oscillating milling head of claim 1, wherein: the inner guide sleeve (302) is connected to the rotator housing (200); the first guide plate (303) and the second guide plate (304) are connected to the head body housing (100);
the cable (10) is provided with a folding part (11), when the rotating body shell (200) rotates relative to the head body shell (100), the first length and the second length of the drag chain (301) can be mutually compensated, so that the cables (10) positioned at two sides of the folding part (11) can be mutually compensated, and the drag chain (301) and the cable (10) are both kept in the inner arc-shaped space (305) and the outer arc-shaped space (306);
the wiring device (300) further comprises a bottom friction plate (310) and a wire clamping piece (311);
the bottom friction plate (310) is connected to the rotator housing (200) and corresponds to bottoms of the inner arc space (305) and the outer arc space (306) to support one side of the drag chain (301); the wire clamping piece (311) is used for fixing the cable (10) on the inner guide sleeve (302) so as to fix the cable (10) on the guide sleeve.
3. The oscillating milling head of claim 2, wherein: the swing milling head further comprises a spindle device (500) connected to the inside of the rotator housing (200); the inner guide sleeve (302) is provided with an outlet (312), and the cable (10) passes through the outlet (312) and is electrically connected with the main shaft device (500).
4. The oscillating milling head of claim 1, wherein: the swing milling head further comprises a bearing assembly (600) connected between the inner connection portion (201) and the outer connection portion (101);
the bearing assembly (600) comprises a bearing inner ring (601), a bearing outer ring (602) and a bearing reinforcing ring (605), wherein the bearing inner ring (601) is connected to the inner connecting part (201), the bearing outer ring (602) is connected to the outer connecting part (101), and the bearing reinforcing ring (605) is connected to the bearing inner ring (601);
the bearing assembly (600) further includes an angle encoder (604), the angle encoder (604) being coupled to the bearing stiffener ring (605).
5. The oscillating milling head of claim 1, wherein: the oscillating milling head further comprises a dust protection system (700); the dustproof system (700) comprises a positive pressure cavity (701) and a sealing ring (702) which are circumferentially arranged along the outer connecting part (101), the positive pressure cavity (701) is circumferentially arranged on the head body shell (100), the sealing ring (702) is circumferentially arranged between the head body shell (100) and the rotating body shell (200), the positive pressure cavity (701) extends from the inside of the head body shell (100) to the sealing ring (702), and the pressure in the positive pressure cavity (701) is kept higher than atmospheric pressure.
6. The oscillating milling head of claim 1, wherein: the swing milling head further comprises a driving device (800), wherein the driving device (800) is connected in the head body shell (100) so as to drive the rotating body shell (200) to swing relative to the head body shell (100);
the driving device (800) comprises a driving motor (801), a speed reducer (802) and a gear ring (803), wherein the driving motor (801) and the speed reducer (802) are both connected in the head body shell (100), the gear ring (803) is connected to the top of the inner connecting part (201), the speed reducer (802) is provided with an input end (804) and an output end (805), the input end (804) is in driving connection with the driving motor (801), and the output end (805) is meshed with the gear ring (803).
7. The oscillating milling head of claim 6, wherein: the swing milling head further comprises an oil guide groove (900) and an oil guide ring (910), the oil guide groove (900) is connected to the rotary body shell (200) and is sealed with the head body shell (100), the oil guide ring (910) is connected to the gear ring (803) and is sealed with the gear ring (803), an oil guide channel (920) is formed between the oil guide groove (900) and the oil guide ring (910), and an oil outlet (930) communicated with the oil guide channel (920) is formed in the head body shell (100).
8. A five machining center, its characterized in that: comprising a wobble milling head according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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| CN202310612157.9A CN116329633B (en) | 2023-05-29 | 2023-05-29 | Swing milling head and five-axis machining center |
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