CN116289394B - Road cutting side slope water storage type ecological drainage ditch and paving method - Google Patents
Road cutting side slope water storage type ecological drainage ditch and paving method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116289394B CN116289394B CN202310105754.2A CN202310105754A CN116289394B CN 116289394 B CN116289394 B CN 116289394B CN 202310105754 A CN202310105754 A CN 202310105754A CN 116289394 B CN116289394 B CN 116289394B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 161
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C11/00—Details of pavings
- E01C11/22—Gutters; Kerbs ; Surface drainage of streets, roads or like traffic areas
- E01C11/224—Surface drainage of streets
- E01C11/227—Gutters; Channels ; Roof drainage discharge ducts set in sidewalks
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F1/00—Methods, systems, or installations for draining-off sewage or storm water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/10—Collecting-tanks; Equalising-tanks for regulating the run-off; Laying-up basins
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/14—Devices for separating liquid or solid substances from sewage, e.g. sand or sludge traps, rakes or grates
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/60—Planning or developing urban green infrastructure
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a highway cutting side slope water storage formula ecological escape canal and laying method relates to the field of side slope ecological protection, and this device is including being located the water interception ditch body on the side slope, the bottom of water interception ditch body inner chamber is provided with a plurality of planting groove bodies, the inner chamber fixedly connected with ventilative water proof layer of planting groove body, the bottom of planting groove body inner chamber is provided with the intercommunication mouth, be provided with the anti-seepage valve between planting groove body and the water interception ditch body. According to the invention, the planting groove body is combined with the intercepting ditch body through the characteristics of lack of water and water requirement of the highway side slope in the loess plateau region, the planting groove body is arranged in the intercepting ditch body, the intercepting ditch body is used for storing rainwater while the intercepting ditch body is used for draining water, more water is trapped for the growth of arbor and shrubs, a diversified ecological community structure is formed, the risk that a pure herbal community is not drought-resistant and is easy to degrade is avoided, and the problem of sustainable development of the highway side slope community in the loess plateau region is also solved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of slope ecological protection, in particular to a highway cutting slope water storage type ecological drainage ditch and a paving method.
Background
The soil quality of the loess plateau area is loose, vertical joints develop, the soil is hard and stable when dry, water is easy to dissolve, the road side slope is afraid of water, but the vegetation on the road side slope is built and needs water, and the drought and rainy in the area are less, the vegetation is difficult to build and plant the cost, as much as possible, the trapped rainwater is used for recovering the vegetation on the road side slope, at present, the regional road side slope drainage system is used for constructing the intercepting drainage ditch and the side ditch in multiple stages, the intercepting drainage ditch is mainly the stone rectangular ditch in the stages, the road side ditch is mainly the precast cover plate side ditch or the stone concrete rectangular ditch in the precast cover plate side ditch, the slope vegetation is naturally recovered from the drainage angle, the herbaceous and biological crusts are more, the even wide platform steps are provided with planting grooves and shrubs, but the planting grooves are far away from the intercepting drainage ditch, the trapped rainwater of the intercepting drainage ditch is not fully utilized, the vegetation growth effect is general, the artificially planted herbaceous is easily degraded, and the requirements of sustainable development of the ecological construction of the loess plateau area highway are difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem in the prior art, the application provides a highway cutting slope water storage type ecological drainage ditch.
The application provides a highway cutting side slope water storage formula ecological escape canal adopts following technical scheme: the utility model provides a highway cutting side slope water storage formula ecological escape canal, includes the water interception ditch body that is located the side slope, the bottom of water interception ditch body inner chamber is provided with a plurality of planting groove bodies, the inner chamber fixedly connected with of planting groove body ventilates the water barrier, the bottom of planting groove body inner chamber is provided with the intercommunication mouth, be provided with between planting groove body and the water interception ditch body and stop the ooze valve, stop the ooze valve including running through the vent pipe who sets up in planting groove body inner chamber one side, the inner chamber to the water interception ditch body is run through to the one end of vent pipe, the inside sliding connection that the vent pipe is located planting groove body inner chamber one end has balanced gleitbretter, the end fixedly connected with of vent pipe is located planting groove body inner chamber one end stops ooze the bank, the left side solid fixed ring of balanced gleitbretter is connected with the connecting rod, the left end of connecting rod runs through to the left side of stopping ooze bank and fixedly connected with stops ooze piece, it looks adaptation to stop ooze piece, the vent pipe is located the surface intercommunication of planting groove body inner chamber one end has the ascending balance air vent, the bottom and the contact of ventilative water barrier.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, combine together planting groove body and intercepting ditch body, set up planting groove body in intercepting ditch body, when satisfying intercepting ditch body drainage, utilize planting groove body to hold and continue to deposit the rainwater, hold back more moisture for arbor shrub's growth, form diversified ecological community structure, avoided the risk of simple herbaceous community intolerance drought easily degeneracy, also solved loess plateau district highway slope community sustainable development's problem.
Preferably, the inside fixedly connected with backstop that the air pipe is located planting groove body inner chamber one end, the backstop supports the right side at balanced gleitbretter.
Preferably, the air duct is fixedly connected with a fine screen inside one end of the inner cavity of the intercepting ditch body.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through the setting of fine screen cloth, prevent debris entering to block up the vent pipe in the vent pipe, influence the intercommunication effect of vent pipe.
Preferably, the top on the right side of the intercepting ditch body is provided with a reverse slope platform paved on a side slope, and the top on the left side of the intercepting ditch body is provided with a smooth cement plastering paved on the side slope.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through the cooperation use of following slope cement plastering and counter slope platform, the rainwater drenches on counter slope platform and following slope cement plastering, can collect more rainwater to the inner chamber of intercepting ditch body.
Preferably, the bottoms of the two sides of the inner cavity of the intercepting ditch body are provided with ditch bottom inclination slopes.
Preferably, the bottom of the inner cavity of the planting groove body is provided with a groove bottom water collecting slope surface, and the groove bottom water collecting slope surface is high and low.
Preferably, the surface of the communicating rod is sleeved with a spring, and two ends of the spring are respectively contacted with the seepage-stopping ridge and the balancing sliding sheet.
Preferably, the balance air hole is positioned between the balance sliding sheet and the seepage-stopping ridge.
The application provides a loess plateau area high-steep highway side slope water storage type ecological drainage ditch laying method, which comprises the following steps:
step (1) a high-steep side slope of a loess plateau area, a water interception ditch is established under the downhill, the ditch bottom is made of a trapezoid section, a slurry masonry material, a cement plastering surface is used on the ditch slope facing side, and the ditch is connected with a slope body along the slope inclination angle; the planting notch is funnel-shaped and is used for collecting and converging;
setting 1% ratio drop along the contour line at the bottom of the ditch, setting a square planting groove body with the width slightly smaller than the width of the intercepting ditch at each interval of 5-8m at the central position of the ditch bottom, and plastering cement around the ditch; the bottom of the planting groove close to the water outlet is V-shaped, so that water flows at two sides of the planting groove are converged to the planting groove, and more runoffs are accumulated by slowing down the flow speed; along the water flow direction, a water blocking ridge with the height of 5-10cm is arranged at the outer edge of the water collecting opening of the planting groove, and the water blocking ridge is as wide as the planting groove;
the step (3) is that an anti-seepage valve, a communication port and a ventilation pipeline which penetrates through the inner cavity of the planting groove body to the intercepting ditch body are arranged between the bottom of the inner cavity of the planting groove body and the contact surface of the intercepting ditch body; step (4) paving a breathable waterproof layer, and filling the breathable waterproof layer at a position of 10cm below the root system with a density (800 g/m per unit mass) 2 -1000g/m 2 ) Is filled with a layer of slightly dense (500 g/m per unit mass) 10-20cm apart 2 -600g/m 2 ) Is used for reducing the infiltration rate of soil moisture and is provided with 2-3 layers ofPreferably, the soil filling surface is lower than the bottom 10c-20m of the intercepting ditch so as to accumulate rainwater; covering bark on the surface of soil, and covering the bark with gravels;
and (5) adopting a counter slope arrangement on a wide platform on the road side of the high and steep side slope of the loess plateau area to enable rainfall on the platform to be converged into a water interception ditch, and plastering the whole wide platform with cement to prevent the rainwater from directly infiltrating a slope body.
And (3) a water collecting counter slope (19) is arranged at the tail end of the water flowing direction in the water intercepting ditch in the step (6), so that the water flowing speed is reduced, more runoffs are intercepted, accumulated and retained in the water intercepting ditch body (1), and the water collected flows into a planting groove closest to the water outlet, and the rainwater utilization efficiency is improved.
Preferably, the vent at one end of the vent pipe of the intercepting ditch body is provided with a fine screen, so that sundries are prevented from entering the vent pipe to be blocked.
Preferably, the planting groove body opening is funnel-shaped and is used for collecting and converging.
Preferably, the breathable waterproof layer, the seepage-stopping sheet, the seepage-stopping ridge, the seepage-stopping sheet and the communicating rod are made of degradable materials, the soil fertility can be degraded and supplemented within three years, the size of the ventilating pipeline is not required to be too large, the diameter of the ventilating pipeline is 3-5cm, firstly, the communicating vessel is used in early vegetation growth, water in the planting groove is accumulated, and secondly, rainwater is prevented from penetrating into the slope to influence the slope stability when waterlogging occurs.
Preferably, because the occupation of land is limited, the high slope of wide platform is difficult to set up, can set up platform and intercepting ditch integration, along the slope setting intercepting ditch, intercepting ditch wall links firmly the slope body, and the intercepting ditch wall of the face side sets up upright barricade, and the barricade upper edge is the counter-slope setting, more receipts hold rainfall.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. according to the characteristics of lack of water and water requirement of the highway slope in the loess plateau area, the planting groove body is combined with the intercepting ditch body, the planting groove body is arranged in the intercepting ditch body, rainwater is stored continuously by utilizing the planting groove body while the intercepting ditch body is drained, more water is trapped for the growth of arbor and shrubs, a diversified ecological community structure is formed, the risk that a pure herbal community is not drought-resistant and is easy to degrade is avoided, and the problem of sustainable development of the highway slope community in the loess plateau area is also solved.
2. The invention combines the practical application of loess plateau engineering, divides loess plateau cutting slopes into three categories of high and steep slopes, wide platforms, high and steep slopes, narrow platforms and low slopes, combines a drainage system with planting grooves, concave greenbelts and counter-slope catchment platforms under the conditions, constructs a drainage ditch structure communicated with water storage, fully utilizes natural rainfall, intercepts rainwater, improves the rainwater utilization efficiency, improves slope vegetation community structures through rainwater utilization, and creates a relatively good suitable environment for the vertical slope to recover crust as soon as possible.
3. According to the invention, through the arrangement of the fine screen, sundries are prevented from entering the ventilation pipeline to block the ventilation pipeline, and the communication effect of the ventilation pipeline is prevented from being influenced. According to the invention, through the matched use of the downhill cement plastering and the downhill platform, rainwater is sprayed on the downhill platform and the downhill cement plastering, so that more rainwater can be collected into the inner cavity of the intercepting ditch body.
4. According to the invention, through the arrangement of the seepage-stopping valve, the instant rainfall is larger, so that when the water interception ditch body is continuously full of water, water flows into the ventilation pipeline to squeeze the balance sliding sheets, the balance sliding sheets compress the springs due to the gravity pressure of the water, the communication rod drives the seepage-stopping sheets to horizontally move leftwards along with the compression of the springs to gradually block the communication opening at the bottom of the planting groove body, the translation amount of the seepage-stopping sheets is larger than the maximum compression amount of the springs, and the seepage-stopping sheets can be ensured to completely stop the deep seepage of the water flows in the instant heavy rain; when the rainfall is reduced or the water level of the intercepting ditch body is reduced, the principle of a communicating vessel is that water trapped in the ventilating duct can infiltrate a part of the ventilating and water-resisting layer through the balance air holes, a small amount of water is supplemented, when the ventilating duct is lowered in water level in the past in rainy season, the spring is reset, the balance sliding sheets are reset to block the balance air holes, and the soil in the planting groove body circulates up and down.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the invention at point a in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a top plan view of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a top plan view of another embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1. a water interception ditch body; 2. a planting groove body; 3. a breathable waterproof layer; 4. a communication port; 5. a ventilation duct; 6. a balance slip sheet; 7. an anti-seepage ridge; 8. a communication rod; 9. an anti-seepage sheet; 10. a spring; 11. balancing air holes; 12. a stop; 13. fine screen; 14. a counter-slope platform; 15. c, plastering the cement on the slope; 16. slope with inclination angle at the bottom of ditch; 17. a water collecting slope at the bottom of the tank; 18. road surface; 19. catchment counter-slope; 20. a communication groove; 21. a side ditch; 22. and (5) a side slope.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below in conjunction with figures 1-4.
In combination with fig. 1-4, the ecological escape canal of water storage formula of this application, the inside fixedly connected with fine screen 13 of vent line 5 is located the 1 inner chamber one end of intercepting ditch, through the setting of fine screen 13, prevent debris entering vent line 5 from blocking vent line 5, influence vent line 5's intercommunication effect, intercepting ditch 1 right side's top is provided with the counter slope platform 14 of laying on the side slope, intercepting ditch 1 left top is provided with the along slope cement plaster 15 of laying on the side slope, through the cooperation use of counter slope platform 14 and along slope cement plaster 15, the rainwater is drenched on counter slope platform 14 and along slope cement plaster 15, can collect more rainwater to the inner chamber of intercepting ditch 1. Compared with the conventional planting groove under the same condition, the soil moisture in the planting groove for implementing the measure in the area is about 5-10% higher, the increase and decrease of the soil humidity is more gentle, the phenomenon of obvious sudden rise and drop does not occur, and a more stable soil moisture environment can be maintained under the condition of relative drought for a longer time.
Referring to fig. 3, rainwater flows along a slope to form runoff, the runoff is trapped by the intercepting ditch 1, flows along the ditch in the intercepting ditch, one part of the runoff is retained by the catchment counter slope 19 at the water outlet of the intercepting ditch, and is collected into a nearby planting groove, so that rainwater interception and utilization are enhanced, and the other part of the runoff is discharged from the water outlet.
Fig. 4 shows a greening arrangement at the toe of a slope, in which greening strips are arranged at the toe of a slope 22, planting grooves are arranged in the greening strips, the whole structure is a concave greenbelt, water in a side ditch 21 is utilized through interception and storage of a communication groove 20, rainwater is guided to flow into the planting grooves, and the side ditch 21 mainly aims at collecting water on a road surface and is arranged in a shallow dish shape.
Working principle: when the invention is used, a user needs to treat the steep highway slope of a loess plateau area in a grading manner, a water interception ditch body 1 is arranged on each level wide platform, the size of the water interception ditch body 1 is calculated according to relevant design specifications and rainfall conditions of a place where a project is located, the ditch bottom of the water interception ditch body 1 adopts a trapezoid section, a slurry masonry material is adopted, the cement plastering is adopted on the side of the ditch, which faces the slope, the slope inclination is followed by the slope, so that rainwater flows into the water interception ditch body 1 along the slope as much as possible, raindrops splash can not rebound to the slope, the scouring of the slope by the rainwater is reduced, the ditch bottom is reduced by 1 percent along the contour line, a square planting ditch body 2 with the width slightly smaller than the width of the water interception ditch body 1 is arranged at each interval of 5-8m at the center position of the ditch bottom, cement plastering surfaces around the planting ditch body 2 are prevented from flowing into the water, the soil filling surface is prevented from being infiltrated by gravel or bark, the water flow is prevented from eroding soil, water is prevented from being moisturized, the planted arbor or shrub root system in the planting groove body 2 is filled with 2 layers of compact coconut fiber blanket at the position of 10cm downwards to serve as an air permeability water-resisting layer, so that the influence of water flow on the slope body is avoided, when the planting groove body 2 is backfilled with planting soil, each 10-20cm interval is filled with a layer of slightly compact coconut fiber blanket to reduce the water infiltration rate of soil, 2-3 layers are preferably arranged, the soil filling surface is 10cm lower than the bottom of the intercepting groove body 1 to accumulate rainwater, the opening of the planting groove body 2 is in a funnel shape and is used for collecting and converging, the side of the platform faces against the slope to enable the rainfall on the platform to flow into the intercepting groove body 1, the whole wide platform is plastered with cement, the direct infiltration of the slope body by rainwater is avoided, the bottom of the planting groove body 2 close to the water outlet is V-shaped, the water flows at two sides of the planting groove body 2 to converge, so that the flow speed is slowed down and more runoffs are accumulated, along the water flow direction, the water blocking ridge with the width of 5cm to 10cm is arranged at the outer edge of the water receiving opening of the planting groove body 2, the water blocking ridge is as wide as the planting groove body 2, firstly, the flow speed is reduced when the runoff is larger, the water flow impulse force is reduced, secondly, mud is blocked and sand is stored when the water flow is smaller, soil environment is provided for plant propagation of the planting groove body 2, the breathable water blocking layer 3, the seepage blocking sheet 9, the seepage blocking ridge 7 and the communicating rod 8 are made of degradable materials, the soil fertility can be degraded and supplemented after three years, the size of the ventilating pipeline 5 is not required to be too large, the communicating vessel can be started in early vegetation growth, the water of the planting groove is accumulated, and secondly, the slope stability is prevented from being influenced by the deep rainwater in the slope when waterlogging.
Example 1:
the embodiment of the application discloses ecological escape canal of highway cutting side slope water storage formula, including the water interception ditch body 1 that is located the side slope, the bottom of water interception ditch body 1 inner chamber is provided with a plurality of planting groove body 2, the inner chamber fixedly connected with ventilative water barrier 3 of planting groove body 2, the bottom of planting groove body 2 inner chamber is provided with intercommunication mouth 4, be provided with the anti-seepage valve between planting groove body 2 and the water interception ditch body 1, the anti-seepage valve is including running through the vent pipe 5 that sets up in planting groove body 2 inner chamber one side, the inner chamber to water interception ditch body 1 is run through to the one end of vent pipe 5, the inside sliding connection that vent pipe 5 is located planting groove body 2 inner chamber one end has balanced gleitbretter 6, the inside fixedly connected with fine screen 13 that vent pipe 5 is located water interception ditch body 1 inner chamber one end, the inside fixedly connected with backstop 12 that vent pipe 5 is located planting groove body 2 inner chamber one end, the stop 12 is propped against the right side of the balance slide 6, the end part of the air duct 5 at one end of the inner cavity of the planting groove body 2 is fixedly connected with the anti-seepage ridge 7, the left side fixing ring of the balance slide 6 is connected with the communication rod 8, the left end of the communication rod 8 penetrates through the left side of the anti-seepage ridge 7 and is fixedly connected with the anti-seepage sheet 9, the anti-seepage sheet 9 is matched with the communication port 4, the surface of the communication rod 8 is sleeved with a spring 10, the two ends of the spring 10 are respectively contacted with the anti-seepage ridge 7 and the balance slide 6, the surface of the air duct 5 at one end of the inner cavity of the planting groove body 2 is communicated with balance air holes 11 with an upward opening, the balance air holes 11 are positioned between the balance slide 6 and the anti-seepage ridge 7, the bottom of the air-permeable water-isolation layer 3 is contacted with the balance air holes 11, the bottoms at the two sides of the inner cavity of the water-blocking groove body 1 are provided with groove bottom inclination slopes 16, the top of the right side of the intercepting ditch body 1 is provided with a reverse slope platform 14 paved on a side slope, and the top of the left side of the intercepting ditch body 1 is provided with a clockwise slope cement plastering 15 paved on the side slope; the bottom of the inner cavity of the planting groove body 2 is provided with a groove bottom water collecting slope surface 17, the groove bottom water collecting slope surface 17 is high and low, and a water collecting counter slope 19 is arranged at the tail end of the water intercepting ditch along the flowing direction.
Example 2: as shown in fig. 3
A paving method of a road cutting side slope water storage type ecological drainage ditch comprises the following steps:
step (1) a high-steep side slope of a loess plateau area, a water interception ditch is established under a downhill slope, the ditch bottom is made of a trapezoid section, a slurry masonry material, a cement plastering surface is used on the ditch slope facing side, and the downhill slope angle is followed by a slope body; the planting notch is funnel-shaped and is used for collecting and converging;
setting 1% ratio drop along the contour line at the bottom of the ditch, setting a square planting groove body with the width slightly smaller than the width of the intercepting ditch at each interval of 5m at the central position of the ditch bottom, and plastering cement around the ditch; the bottom of the planting groove close to the water outlet is V-shaped, so that water flows at two sides of the planting groove are converged to the planting groove, and more runoffs are accumulated by slowing down the flow speed; along the water flow direction, a water blocking ridge with the height of 10cm is arranged at the outer edge of a water collecting opening of the planting groove, and the water blocking ridge is as wide as the planting groove;
the step (3) is that an anti-seepage valve, a communication port and a ventilation pipeline which penetrates through the inner cavity of the planting groove body to the intercepting ditch body are arranged between the bottom of the inner cavity of the planting groove body and the contact surface of the intercepting ditch body; specific embodiments are the same as in example 1;
step (4) paving a breathable waterproof layer, and filling the breathable waterproof layer at a position of 10cm below the root system with a density (800 g/m per unit mass) 2 ) Is filled with a layer of slightly dense (500 g/m per unit mass) 15cm apart 2 ) The coconut fiber blanket is used for reducing the infiltration rate of soil moisture, preferably 3 layers are arranged, and the soil filling surface is 10cm lower than the bottom of a water interception ditch so as to store rainwater; covering bark of 3cm on the surface of soil, covering the bark with gravel with a thickness of 5cm, and the particle size of the gravel is 1cm;
and (5) arranging a wide counter-slope platform opposite to the forward slope of the high-steep side slope of the loess plateau area, so that rainfall on the platform is converged into a water interception ditch, and the whole wide platform is plastered with cement to avoid direct infiltration of the rainwater on the slope body.
Example 3: as shown in fig. 4
A paving method of a road cutting side slope water storage type ecological drainage ditch comprises the following steps:
step (1) a high-steep side slope of a loess plateau area, a water interception ditch is established under a downhill slope, the ditch bottom is made of a trapezoid section, a slurry masonry material, a cement plastering surface is used on the ditch slope facing side, and the downhill slope angle is followed by a slope body; the planting notch is funnel-shaped and is used for collecting and converging;
setting 1% ratio drop along the contour line at the bottom of the ditch, setting a square planting groove body with the width slightly smaller than the width of the intercepting ditch at each interval of 5m at the central position of the ditch bottom, and plastering cement around the ditch; the bottom of the planting groove close to the water outlet is V-shaped, so that water flows at two sides of the planting groove are converged to the planting groove, and more runoffs are accumulated by slowing down the flow speed; along the water flow direction, a water blocking ridge with the height of 10cm is arranged at the outer edge of a water collecting opening of the planting groove, and the water blocking ridge is as wide as the planting groove;
the step (3) is that an anti-seepage valve, a communication port and a ventilation pipeline which penetrates through the inner cavity of the planting groove body to the intercepting ditch body are arranged between the bottom of the inner cavity of the planting groove body and the contact surface of the intercepting ditch body; specific embodiments are the same as in example 1;
step (4) paving a breathable waterproof layer, and filling the breathable waterproof layer at a position of 10cm below the root system with a density (800 g/m per unit mass) 2 ) Is filled with a layer of slightly dense (500 g/m per unit mass) 15cm apart 2 ) 3 layers are arranged for reducing the infiltration rate of soil moisture, and the filling surface is 10cm lower than the bottom of the intercepting ditch so as to accumulate rainwater; covering 10cm bark on the surface of soil, covering a layer of gravel with a thickness of 5cm on the bark, and enabling the particle size of the gravel to be 1cm;
and (5) arranging planting grooves in the toe green belt, wherein the planting grooves are communicated with side grooves 21 through communication grooves 20, the side grooves are arranged in a shallow dish shape, the outer sides of the side grooves 21 are provided with road surfaces 18, and the planting grooves collect slope catchments and collect catchments from the road surfaces through the communication grooves 20.
Test the influence of different drainage ditch parameters on soil moisture content of side slope planting groove
The test method comprises the following steps: different slope shapes and different drainage ditch parameters are arranged on the loess plateau high and steep slope in 2021, the construction structure of the high and steep slope surface drainage ditch is shown in the embodiment 1, the paving method of all test examples is the same as that of the embodiment 2, and only the corresponding paving mode is adopted,And the air-permeable waterproof layer and the anti-seepage valve are correspondingly replaced and adjusted. The laying method of the coconut fiber blanket of the test examples 1-5 comprises the following steps: densification (800 g/m per unit mass) of filling down the root system 2 ) Is filled with a layer of slightly dense (500 g/m per unit mass) at intervals 2 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Test examples 6-7 replaced a different unit quality gauge coir blanket as a control. The selection period is 8 months in summer (the season with more rainwater), and the water content of the soil in the planting groove under different implementation measures is measured.
TABLE 1 influence of different drainage ditch parameters on soil moisture content of side slope planting grooves
Test results: compared with a blank control without covering a coconut fiber blanket and a seepage-stopping valve, the embodiment of the application has the effects of better intercepting and storing rainwater and keeping soil moisture. The drainage ditch laying methods with two different structures in the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 3 have good water retention effect. The seepage-stopping valve provided by the invention has the effects of assisting the coconut fiber blanket and controlling water in the breathable waterproof layer, and the soil moisture content is higher than that of test example 1 without the seepage-stopping valve.
The position of the air permeable and moisture barrier also affects the rate of moisture decline of the planting groove, wherein a 10cm under the root coconut fiber blanket is better than a 20cm under the root coconut fiber blanket. According to the experimental example 1 and the experimental example 3, the breathable waterproof layer paved by the coconut fiber blanket has complementary effects with the seepage-stopping valve, and the effects are better when the breathable waterproof layer and the seepage-stopping valve are used at the same time than when the breathable waterproof layer and the seepage-stopping valve are used independently.
In comparative test examples 4 to 5, every 15cm, the soil water content of the coconut fiber blanket laid with 3 layers of coconut fiber blanket is higher than that of the soil with 2 layers of coconut fiber blanket laid with the soil water content of the coconut fiber blanket laid with 2 layers of coconut fiber blanket. Comparative test examples 6-7, in which we replaced a coconut coir blanket of different unit mass specifications as a control, found that the root system was filled down to a dense (800 g/m unit mass) 2 ) Is filled with a layer of slightly dense (500 g/m per unit mass) at intervals 2 ) The combined effect of (2) is optimal.
Test the influence of the laying parameters of the inner surfaces of two different planting tanks on the water content of soil
The test method comprises the following steps: different slope shapes and different planting groove inner surface paving parameters are arranged on the loess plateau high-steep slope in 2022, the construction structure of the high-steep slope surface drainage ditch is shown in the embodiment 1, and the planting groove inner surface paving methods of all test examples are the same as those of the embodiment 2, and only corresponding paving materials are replaced correspondingly. The selection period is 8 months in summer (the season with more rainwater), and the water content of the soil on the surface of the planting groove under different implementation measures is measured. Pressing a layer of gravel with a thickness of 5cm on bark, wherein the particle size of the gravel is 1cm
TABLE 2 influence of different planting groove inner surface laying parameters on moisture content
Test results: by comparison of blank comparison, the planting groove inner surface laying method has a remarkable water retention effect, wherein the drainage ditch surface laying methods with two different structures of the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 3 have good water retention effects. The water content of the soil when the soil filling surface in the planting groove is lower than the water interception ditch bottom by 10cm is slightly higher than that of the soil which is lower than the water interception ditch bottom by 15cm and 20 cm. The bark is covered on the soil surface, and the gravels are covered on the bark, so that the water-retaining effect is better. From test examples 10 and 11, it can be seen that the soil filling surface of the present application is 10cm lower than the bottom of the intercepting ditch, and the bark covering and the gravel gland have complementary effects, and the water retaining effect is better when the bark covering and the gravel gland are used at the same time than when the bark covering and the gravel gland are used alone. Meanwhile, on the high and steep slope pavement of the embodiment 2, the soil surface is 10cm lower than the bottom of the intercepting ditch, the soil surface layer is covered with bark, the bark is covered with gravel with the particle size of 1cm, and the thickness of 5cm has the optimal parameter combination effect.
The foregoing are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way, therefore: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered in the protection scope of this application.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a highway cutting side slope water storage formula ecological escape canal which characterized in that: including being located the water interception ditch body (1) on the side slope, the bottom of water interception ditch body (1) inner chamber is provided with a plurality of planting groove body (2), the inner chamber fixedly connected with of planting groove body (2) is ventilative water barrier (3), the bottom of planting groove body (2) inner chamber is provided with intercommunication mouth (4), be provided with between planting groove body (2) bottom and water interception ditch body (1) contact surface and stop the ooze valve, stop ooze valve including running through and setting up in air pipe (5) of planting groove body (2) inner chamber one side, the one end of air pipe (5) runs through to the inner chamber of water interception ditch body (1), the inside sliding connection who is located planting groove body (2) inner chamber one end has balanced gleitbretter (6), the tip fixedly connected with that air pipe (5) is located planting groove body (2) inner chamber one end is stopped ooze (7), the left side solid fixed ring of balanced gleitbretter (6) is connected with intercommunication pole (8), the left end of intercommunication pole (8) is stopped ooze to the left side of side ridge (7) and is connected with (9) that the air pipe (5) is located on the mouth (11) of opening of planting groove (2), the bottom of the breathable waterproof layer (3) is in contact with the balance air hole (11).
2. The highway cutting slope water storage type ecological drainage ditch according to claim 1, wherein: the inside fixedly connected with backstop (12) of air pipe (5) are located planting groove body (2) inner chamber one end, backstop (12) support the right side at balanced gleitbretter (6).
3. The highway cutting slope water storage type ecological drainage ditch according to claim 2, wherein: the inner part of the ventilation pipeline (5) at one end of the inner cavity of the intercepting ditch body (1) is fixedly connected with a fine screen (13).
4. A road cutting slope water storage type ecological drainage ditch according to claim 3, wherein: the top on the right side of the intercepting ditch body (1) is provided with a reverse slope platform (14) paved on a side slope, and the top on the left side of the intercepting ditch body (1) is provided with a smooth cement plastering (15) paved on the side slope.
5. The ecological drainage ditch of the water storage type of the road cutting slope according to claim 4, wherein: the bottoms of the two sides of the inner cavity of the intercepting ditch body (1) are provided with ditch bottom inclination slopes (16).
6. The ecological drainage ditch of the water storage type of the road cutting slope according to claim 5, wherein: the bottom of the inner cavity of the planting groove body (2) is provided with a groove bottom water collecting slope (17), and the groove bottom water collecting slope (17) is high inside and low outside; a catchment counter slope (19) is arranged at the tail end of the water intercepting ditch along the flowing water direction.
7. The ecological drainage ditch of the water storage type of the road cutting slope according to claim 6, wherein: the surface of the communication rod (8) is sleeved with a spring (10), and two ends of the spring (10) are respectively contacted with the seepage-stopping ridge (7) and the balance sliding sheet (6).
8. The ecological drainage ditch of the water storage type of the road cutting slope according to claim 7, wherein: the balance air hole (11) is positioned between the balance sliding sheet (6) and the seepage-stopping ridge (7).
9. The pavement method of the road cutting slope water storage type ecological drainage ditch, as claimed in claim 1, comprises the following steps:
step (1) a high-steep side slope of a loess plateau area, a water interception ditch is established under a downhill slope, the ditch bottom is made of a trapezoid section, a slurry masonry material, a cement plastering surface is used on the ditch slope facing side, and the downhill slope angle is followed by a slope body; the planting notch is funnel-shaped and is used for collecting and converging;
setting 1% ratio drop along the contour line at the bottom of the ditch, setting a square planting groove body with the width slightly smaller than the width of the intercepting ditch at each interval of 5-8m at the central position of the ditch bottom, and plastering cement around the ditch; the bottom of the planting groove close to the water outlet is V-shaped, so that water flows at two sides of the planting groove are converged to the planting groove, and more runoffs are accumulated by slowing down the flow speed; along the water flow direction, a water blocking ridge with the height of 5-10cm is arranged at the outer edge of the water collecting opening of the planting groove, and the water blocking ridge is as wide as the planting groove;
the step (3) is that an anti-seepage valve, a communication port and a ventilation pipeline which penetrates through the inner cavity of the planting groove body to the intercepting ditch body are arranged between the bottom of the inner cavity of the planting groove body and the contact surface of the intercepting ditch body;
step (4) paving a breathable waterproof layer, wherein the unit mass of the filling part 10cm below the root system is 800g/m 2 -1000g/m 2 Is filled with a layer of 500g/m unit mass at intervals of 10-20cm 2 -600g/m 2 The coconut fiber blanket is used for reducing the infiltration rate of soil moisture, preferably 2-3 layers are arranged, and the soil filling surface is lower than the bottom 10c-20m of the intercepting ditch so as to accumulate rainwater; covering bark on the surface of soil, covering the bark with gravel, and completely covering;
the wide platform on the road side of the high and steep side slope of the loess plateau area is arranged in a counter slope mode, so that rainfall on the platform is converged into a water interception ditch, the whole wide platform is plastered with cement, and direct infiltration of the rainwater into a slope body is prevented;
and (3) a water collecting counter slope (19) is arranged at the tail end of the water flowing direction in the water intercepting ditch in the step (6), so that the water flowing speed is reduced, more runoffs are intercepted, accumulated and retained in the water intercepting ditch body (1), and the water collected flows into a planting groove closest to the water outlet, and the rainwater utilization efficiency is improved.
10. The method for paving a highway cutting slope water storage type ecological drainage ditch according to claim 9, wherein a wide reverse slope platform opposite to a forward slope of a high-steep slope in a loess plateau area in the step (5) is arranged in a fusion manner with a water interception ditch in a land feature limited area, the side ditch wall of the water interception ditch facing the road is changed into a retaining wall, and the top of the retaining wall is arranged in a reverse slope; greening the slope feet, arranging a planting groove in a water storage type ecological side ditch in a greening strip arranged at the slope feet of a slope (22), arranging a side ditch (21) in a shallow dish shape, communicating the side ditch (21) with a planting groove body (2) through a communicating groove (20), wherein a water converging port of the communicating groove is in an inverted horn shape, and the outer side of the side ditch (21) is provided with a road surface (18); the whole structure of the soil-filling machine forms a concave green land, the filling height is 5-10cm lower than that of the side ditch, and cement plastering on the side of the slope is carried out to prevent water from infiltrating into the slope to influence the stability of the slope.
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