CN1162215C - Three phase three-diemsnional electrode photoelectric reactor - Google Patents

Three phase three-diemsnional electrode photoelectric reactor Download PDF

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CN1162215C
CN1162215C CNB021147396A CN02114739A CN1162215C CN 1162215 C CN1162215 C CN 1162215C CN B021147396 A CNB021147396 A CN B021147396A CN 02114739 A CN02114739 A CN 02114739A CN 1162215 C CN1162215 C CN 1162215C
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phase
electrode
reactor
diemsnional electrode
diemsnional
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CN1377728A (en
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亚 熊
熊亚
安太成
何春
查长虹
朱锡海
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Sun Yat Sen University
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a three phase three-diemsnional electrode photoelectric reactor and an application thereof in treating organic waste water. The three phase three-diemsnional electrode photoelectric reactor comprises a casing 9, a three-diemsnional particle electrode 10, a porous cathode titanium plate 5, an anode titanium net 7, a UV lamp as a light source and a photocatalyst 4. A three phase three-diemsnional electrode is skillfully combined with a photocatalytic technology. The three phase three-diemsnional electrode photoelectric reactor not only can utilize anode bias voltage to capture photoelectrons so as to enhance the photocatalytic oxidation efficiency of titanium dioxide, but also can utilize indirect electrochemical oxidation and photocatalytic oxidation of H2O2 as strong oxidant produced in a three-dimensional cathode. In addition, the three phase three-diemsnional electrode photoelectric reactor utilizes a metal porous titanium plate to combine a feed electrode and an aeration plate into a whole. The three phase three-diemsnional electrode photoelectric reactor has the advantages of compact and reasonable structure. Moreover, the hole diameter of the titanium plate is very small and can generate very uniform and tiny air bubbles. The dissolving speed of oxygen in the air is increased in water, so the efficiency of photochemical catalysis for removing organic pollutants is improved. The three phase three-diemsnional electrode photoelectric reactor is particularly suitable for treating organic waste water with high efficiency.

Description

Three phase three-diemsnional electrode photoelectric reactor
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of three phase three-diemsnional electrode photoelectric reactor, and be used to handle organic waste water.
Technical background
High-level oxidation technologies the late nineteen eighties (Advanced Oxidation Process) are applied to environmental pollution control and have caused general attention.TiO wherein 2The heterogeneous photocatalytic process of semi-conductor is with special advantages such as its room temperature and deep reactions and receive much attention.It has oxidation mineralising organic pollutant, reducing heavy metal ion, deodorizing, anticorrosion and germ-resistant function.Demonstrated at aspects such as air and water purifications huge application potential (M.Hoffman, S.Martin, W.Choi and D.Bahnemann, Chem.Rev., 1995,95:69).
But the electron-hole pair that optical excitation produced is very easily compound, cause light-catalysed quantum yield very low (being generally less than 0.1%), therefore, quick capture light excitation electron suppresses it and the compound efficient for raising conductor photocatalysis degradable organic pollutant of high energy holes is vital.In order to reach this purpose, people have proposed many improving one's methods from different angles.Semiconductor surface noble metal loading for example, the compound or metal ion of semi-conductor such as mix at (K.T.Ranjit and B.Viswanathan, J.Photochem.And Photobiol., A:Chem., 1997,107:215; J.C.Yu, J.Lin and R.W.M.Kwok, J.Photochem.and Photobiol., A:Chem., 1997,111:199).People such as nearest K.Vinodgopal find can remove TiO effectively by extra electric field 2The fixing optical excitation electronics on the membrane electrode suppresses it and high energy holes is compound, accelerated 4-chlorophenol etc. photodegradable speed (K.Vmodgopal, S.Hotchandani andP.V.Kamat, J.Phys.Chem.1993,97:9040).This result of study has evoked interest (J.M.Kesselman, N.S..Lewis, and M.R.Hoffman, Environ.Sci.Technol., 1997, the 31:2298 of people with electrochemical method control light-catalyzed reaction; K.Vinodgopal, U.Stafford, K.Gray and P.Kamat, J.Phys.Chem., 1994,98:6797).Yet relevant research at present only rests on the anode bias-voltage and can catch on the proof of this notion of light induced electron.In order to make heterogeneous photoelectrocatalysis process can be used for producing reality, the technology of this respect is anxious to be treated deeply.
In numerous method of wastewater treatment electrochemical method have facility compact, floor space few, need not a large amount of chemical agents, advantage such as sludge quantity is few is described as the cleaning waste water treatment process.This method is very active in the research of wastewater treatment in recent years, report a lot of (K.Rajeshwar, J.Ibanez and G.Swain, J.Appl.Electrochem., 1994,24:1077).Particularly three-diemsnional electrode is big because of the dignity ratio, and spacing of particle is from little, and mass transfer effect obtains bigger improvement, is a kind of have higher practicality and theoretical electrochemical reactor that is worth.It has also obtained many application in wastewater treatment, but mostly all concentrates in the processing of metal ion waste water and actually rare in the research in organic waste water field.
Especially the formation photoelectric reactor that 3 D electrode reactor and photo catalysis reactor combined, and be used for efficiently handling organic waste water, yet there are no report.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of photoelectric reactor based on three phase three-diemsnional electrode, it had not only had to the effect of the efficient electrooxidation of organic pollutant simultaneously but also can catch light induced electron, suppress it and high energy holes is compound, improve the efficient of photochemical catalytic oxidation, can be used as a kind of organic waste water deep oxidation treatment unit of cleaning efficiently.
Three phase three-diemsnional electrode photoelectric reactor of the present invention is made of housing, three dimensional particles electrode (three-diemsnional electrode), negative electrode micropore titanium plate, positive electrode ti-alloy mesh and light source UV lamp and photocatalyst; Micropore titanium plate is positioned at lower housing portion, constitutes an air chamber between itself and the housing bottom, and this air chamber has an inlet mouth and exterior; The three dimensional particles electrode is the packed bed that is made of gac or graphite, places above the micropore titanium plate; Ti-alloy mesh is positioned at housing top, is the photoresponse chamber between itself and the three dimensional particles electrode, and photocatalyst and UV lamp place this photoresponse chamber; On micropore titanium plate and the ti-alloy mesh electric connection that can be connected direct supply is arranged respectively.
Aforesaid three phase three-diemsnional electrode photoelectric reactor, wherein the UV lamp outside as light source can be with quartzy cold well, so that reactor constant temperature.
The aperture of used micropore titanium plate is generally 15-25 μ m.Used photocatalyst is nano level TiO 2Photocatalyst.Photocatalyst adds in the reactor after pending waste water mixes usually, also can make fluidized-bed or fixed bed form.The consumption of photocatalyst is generally: by wastewater volume or photoresponse chamber volume calculation 0.05-0.5mg/L.
The three phase three-diemsnional electrode photoelectric reactor of the invention described above also can be provided with water-in on housing top, and the bottom sets out the mouth of a river, so that Continuous Wastewater Treatment.
Three phase three-diemsnional electrode photoelectric reactor of the present invention is handled the process of organic waste water:
(1) photocatalyst and pending organic waste water are mixed, add this photoelectric reactor then; (2) open ultraviolet lamp; (3) start air compressor and feed pressurized air, and regulate air flow quantity from inlet mouth; (4) connect direct supply, promptly begin the photoelectricity oxidizing reaction of organic pollutant.
Three phase three-diemsnional electrode photoelectric reactor of the present invention has following outstanding feature and beneficial effect:
(1) be to utilize micropore titanium plate that the negative electrode and the aeration board of reactor are united two into one, structure of reactor is tightly played with rationally, and the aperture of this titanium plate very little (its surperficial SEM spectrum is seen shown in Figure 3), micro-bubble (as shown in Figure 4) very uniformly can be produced, thereby the dissolution rate of airborne oxygen in water can be increased.Because oxygen is at TiO 2Play a part very importantly in the light-catalyzed reaction, it also can catch light induced electron, suppresses the compound of itself and hole, increases the efficient of light-catalyzed reaction.
(2) be to cause H by electricity 2O 2The three phase three-diemsnional electrode reactor and the combination of submerged photocatalytic reactor.It can utilize anode to catch light induced electron, suppresses it and high energy holes is compound, improves the efficient of photochemical catalytic oxidation, and Direct Electrochemistry oxidation organic pollutant effectively can also utilize cathodic electrochromic H again 2O 2The indirect electrochemical oxidation and this H 2O 2Photochemical catalytic oxidation, so this photoelectric reactor can be used as a kind of efficient advanced treatment apparatus of organic waste water.
The main chemical reactions that three phase three-diemsnional electrode photoelectric reactor of the present invention is handled organic waste water is as follows:
Anode+R → product
R is an organism in the formula.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of embodiment of three phase three-diemsnional electrode photoelectric reactor of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the X ray electronic spectrum of active carbon granule sub-electrode.
Fig. 3 is scanning electron microscope (SEM) figure of micropore titanium electrode surface.From then on the aperture of visible this micropore titanium electrode of figure is about 20 microns.
Fig. 4 is the photo of photoelectric reactor by the bubble of micropore titanium electrode generation.These bubble diameters little (about 1-2mm) and being evenly distributed.
Embodiment
With reference to Fig. 1, three phase three-diemsnional electrode photoelectric reactor of the present invention is mainly by three phase three-diemsnional electrode reactor and submerged photocatalytic reactor be combined into.This three phase three-diemsnional electrode reactor is to be source of the gas with pressurized air; With commercial activated carbon or graphite-filled bed is three dimensional particles electrode 10; With the material of corrosion resistant metal titanium as feeding electrode, anode is a ti-alloy mesh 7, and negative electrode is the commercial micropore titanium plate 5 of aperture 15-25 μ m; On ti-alloy mesh and the micropore titanium plate electric connection 71 and 51 that can be connected direct supply 8 is arranged respectively.This micropore titanium plate 5 can play the effect of two aspects, and the one, as the negative electrode of reactor, the 2nd, as the aeration board of reactor; Pressurized air enters the air chamber 12 of the bottom of reactor from inlet mouth 11, and by this micropore titanium plate 5 aeration in reactor.The three dimensional particles electrode 10 that is made of gac or graphite-filled bed places above the micropore titanium plate 5, its with the ti-alloy mesh 7 on reactor top between formation photoresponse chamber 13.This submerged photocatalytic reactor is 0.05-0.5mg.l by light source UV lamp 2 and concentration (concentration of photocatalyst in processed waste water) mainly -1Nanometer particle size TiO 2Photocatalyst 4 is formed; Wherein the UV fluorescent tube is between the centre and negative electrode micropore titanium plate 5 and positive electrode ti-alloy mesh 7 of cylindrical reactor; Be with quartzy cold well 3 in UV lamp 2 outsides, so that reactor constant temperature.Cooling water inlet 1 and cooling water outlet 6 are arranged at quartzy cold well 3 tops.Photocatalyst adds in the reactor after pending waste water mixes usually.The housing 9 of whole cylindrical reactor can be welded with PVC.
It below is the test examples that three phase three-diemsnional electrode photoelectric reactor of the present invention is used to handle organic waste water.The diameter of the housing of used three phase three-diemsnional electrode photoelectric reactor is 6-12cm, highly is 40-60cm, and it is 3-7cm that its granule electrode is filled the height of bed.
Example 1:
With the height of bed is that the activated carbon packed bed of 4cm is that the photoelectric reactor of three-diemsnional electrode is handled formic acid wastewater.It is relevant with the voltage of application that we find that its COD removes efficient, and it increases with the increase of applied voltage.At 10.0 volts of voltages, 0.1m 3h -1Air flow quantity, 500 watts of lamp and high pressure mercury and 0.08mgl -1Degussa P25 TiO 2Under the condition that photocatalyst exists, through 1 hour reaction, 20.0mmoll -1The COD concentration of formic acid solution from 320.5mgl -1Reduce to 118.4mgl -1, its clearance is 62.9%.This clearance exceeds 35.5% than the COD removal efficient of simple light catalysis (when other condition is identical except that no-voltage).
Example 2:
Printing and dyeing and waste water from dyestuff are one of known unmanageable organic waste water.It also has color stain except having the COD pollution.The photoelectric reactor that the graphite-filled bed that with the height of bed is 3cm is a three-diemsnional electrode can be removed the COD and the color of waste water from dyestuff effectively.At 30.0 volts of voltages, 0.6m 3h -1Air flow quantity, 500 watts of high-pressure mercury illumination and 0.1mgl -1Under the condition that Degussa P25 photocatalyst exists, 1.0mmoll -1The photoelectricity degraded of methylenum coeruleum and its same pseudo first order reaction kinetics that meets of photocatalytic degradation, but the former velocity constant is 0.088min -1, be 1.6 times of the latter.Through 0.5 hour reaction, solution decoloured fully, and it is 87.2% that its COD removes efficient, and it is 81.1% that TOC removes efficient.It is so close that COD and TOC remove efficient, illustrates that methylenum coeruleum is almost by mineralising.
Example 3:
There is tangible photoelectric-synergetic effect in this photoelectric reactor in the organic process of oxygenolysis.To 20.0mmoll -1Formic acid solution, 0.1mgl -1The DegussaP25 photocatalyst, 0.2m 3H -1Air flow quantity and the height of bed activated carbon packed bed that is 4cm be the photoelectric reactor of three-diemsnional electrode, when no-voltage, the photogenerated current of illumination in the time of 10 seconds is 12.3 μ A, electric current when 0.5 volt of voltage and unglazed the photograph is 127.6 μ A, the photoelectric current of illumination in the time of 10 seconds is 188.5 μ A under 0.5 volt of voltage, surpasses the electric current sum 48.6 μ A of single electrochemistry and single photoprocess.To 20.0mmoll -1Formic acid solution and the height of bed graphite-filled bed that is 4cm be the photoelectric reactor of three-diemsnional electrode, when no-voltage, the photogenerated current of illumination in the time of 10 seconds is 15.6 μ A, electric current when 0.5 volt of voltage and unglazed the photograph is 133.2 μ A, the photoelectric current of illumination in the time of 10 seconds is 200.5 μ A under 0.5 volt of voltage, surpasses the electric current sum 51.7 μ A of single electrochemistry and single photoprocess.The enhancing energy photochemistry of attribution of this electric current and the synergy between the electrochemical process.This synergy also shows in the removal of COD.
Example 4:
One of key issue of photo catalytically treating waste water industrialization is how to solve the mineral ion that exists in the actual industrial waste water poisoning effect to photocatalyst.This photoelectric reactor is to than common toxic mineral ion Cl -Stronger antitoxic action is arranged.To the height of bed is that the activated carbon packed bed of 5.0cm is a three-diemsnional electrode, 0.3mgl -1Degussa P25 photocatalyst and 0.15m 3h -1The photoelectric reactor of air flow quantity, at 1.0mmoll -1Under the existence of NaCl, the COD photochemical catalysis of formic acid solution is removed efficient and is reduced to 16.5% from 28.9%, and its relative inactivation rate is 42.9%, and the COD photoelectricity under the voltage of 10.0V is removed efficient and reduced to 46.3% from 62.9%, and its relative inactivation rate only is 26.4%.

Claims (4)

1. a three phase three-diemsnional electrode photoelectric reactor is characterized in that this reactor is made of housing (9), three dimensional particles electrode (10), negative electrode micropore titanium plate (5), positive electrode ti-alloy mesh (7) and light source UV lamp (2) and photocatalyst (4); Micropore titanium plate (5) is positioned at housing (9) bottom, constitutes an air chamber (12) between itself and the housing bottom, and this air chamber has an inlet mouth (11) and exterior; Three dimensional particles electrode (10) is the packed bed that is made of gac or graphite, places above the micropore titanium plate; Titanium net (7) is positioned at housing top, is photoresponse chamber (13) between itself and the three dimensional particles electrode, and photocatalyst and UV lamp (2) place this photoresponse chamber; Micropore titanium plate has electric connection (51) and (71) that can be connected direct supply on the net respectively with titanium.
2. according to the described three phase three-diemsnional electrode photoelectric reactor of claim 1, it is characterized in that the outer quartzy cold well (3) that is with of light source UV lamp (2).
3. according to claim 1 or 2 described three phase three-diemsnional electrode photoelectric reactors, the aperture that it is characterized in that micropore titanium plate (5) is 15-25 μ m.
4. according to claim 1 or 2 described three phase three-diemsnional electrode photoelectric reactors, it is characterized in that photocatalyst is nano level TiO 2Photocatalyst.
CNB021147396A 2002-01-16 2002-01-16 Three phase three-diemsnional electrode photoelectric reactor Expired - Fee Related CN1162215C (en)

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