CN116219239A - Anti-fatigue composite metal material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Anti-fatigue composite metal material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 230000002929 anti-fatigue Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- VHHHONWQHHHLTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexachloroethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl VHHHONWQHHHLTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910003023 Mg-Al Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000967 As alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 39
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009661 fatigue test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical group [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/053—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with zinc as the next major constituent
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an anti-fatigue composite metal material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of die materials. The chemical components of the composite metal material comprise: zn:8.1-8.7wt%, mg:2.0-2.5wt%, cu:1.7-2.2wt%, zr:0.14-0.19wt%, ta:0.02-0.03wt%, Y:0.08-0.1wt%, the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities; a self-made refining agent is added in the smelting process, zeolite powder is used as a carrier, hexachloroethane, nano tantalum powder and high-purity yttrium powder are loaded, yttrium has deoxidization and aluminum oxide deterioration effects, tantalum has strong hydrogen absorption capacity at about 700 ℃, the hydrogen content in an aluminum-based material is reduced, needle-shaped air holes are reduced, the purity and the compactness of a matrix are greatly improved, fatigue stress can be effectively resisted, and good anti-fatigue characteristics are shown.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of die materials, and particularly relates to an anti-fatigue composite metal material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The plastic mould is an important tool for molding plastic products, the quality of the mould directly influences the pressure processing technology, the precision yield and the production cost of products, and the quality and the service life of the mould are mainly influenced by the mould materials except by reasonable structural design and processing precision.
The traditional injection mold mainly comprises mold steel, the mass is larger, the assembly, disassembly and maintenance are difficult, the heat conductivity of the mold steel is poor, the temperature of a plastic melt of an injection mold cavity is generally about 200 ℃, and the temperature of the plastic melt after cooling and hardening is only about 50 ℃, so that the production efficiency is low; with the development of alloy materials, the traditional injection mold steel is gradually replaced by an aluminum alloy mold; however, repeated heating and cooling of the surface of the die cavity can lead to the occurrence of a thermal fatigue crack source at a stress concentration position, and along with the pulsating tensile stress on the surface of the die cavity, the thermal fatigue crack can be expanded to the depth direction to influence the surface quality of a product.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the background art, the invention aims to provide an anti-fatigue composite metal material and a preparation method thereof.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
an anti-fatigue composite metal material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight:
zn:8.1-8.7wt%, mg:2.0-2.5wt%, cu:1.7-2.2wt%, zr:0.14-0.19wt%, ta:0.02-0.03wt%, Y:0.08-0.1wt%, the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step S1: adding an aluminum ingot into a vacuum suspension smelting furnace, then washing the furnace, setting the smelting temperature to be 750-780 ℃, completely smelting the aluminum ingot, adding Mg-Al intermediate alloy and Zr-Al intermediate alloy, carrying out heat preservation and melting, carrying out primary slag skimming, controlling the furnace temperature to be 700-720 ℃, adding Zn powder and Cu powder for smelting, and then pressing a refining agent into the furnace for deoxidization and dehydrogenation for a plurality of times by adopting a bell jar, carrying out secondary slag skimming, discharging and casting to prepare an alloy ingot;
further, the vacuum suspension smelting furnace cleaning operation specifically includes: vacuumizing the furnace to below 0.5kPa, introducing high-purity nitrogen until stable air flow is discharged, vacuumizing again to below 2kPa, introducing argon to constant pressure, avoiding oxidation in the long-time smelting process of the aluminum ingot, and ensuring the purity of the raw aluminum liquid.
Step S2: placing the alloy ingot into a vacuum furnace, preserving heat for 2-2.5h at 280-300 ℃, then raising the temperature to 400-420 ℃ and preserving heat for 3-4h, and then continuously raising the temperature to 455-470 ℃ and preserving heat for 18-20h, homogenizing the alloy ingot, and preparing a homogenized casting;
step S3: heating the homogenized casting to 430 ℃, placing the homogenized casting in a forging press for extrusion, controlling the temperature of an extrusion die to be 420-430 ℃ and the extrusion ratio to be 9-11, and performing extrusion forging treatment on the homogenized casting to prepare a forging piece;
step S4: heating the forging piece to 460-480 ℃ and preserving heat for 1-1.2h, placing the forging piece in cooling water for quenching, and carrying out solution quenching treatment on the forging piece to prepare a solution quenched piece;
step S5: and heating the solution quenching part to 120 ℃, preserving heat for 24 hours, naturally cooling to room temperature, and carrying out aging treatment on the solution quenching part to prepare the anti-fatigue composite metal material.
The refining agent is prepared by the following method:
step A1: placing zeolite powder in a muffle furnace, roasting for 3 hours at 400 ℃, discharging the zeolite powder into a weak acid sodium chloride solution, quenching, standing and soaking for 2-3d, filtering, taking a filter cake, washing, and drying to prepare a porous carrier;
further, the fineness of the zeolite powder is 200-325 meshes, the concentration of the weak acid sodium chloride solution is 5-8%, the pH value is 5.5-6.0, and the solid-liquid ratio of the zeolite powder to the weak acid sodium chloride solution is 1:18-23.
Step A2: mixing hexachloroethane and ethanol solution, dissolving, adding porous carrier, mixing, stirring at room temperature, soaking, introducing nitrogen for protection, adding nanometer tantalum powder and high-purity yttrium powder, dispersing with ultrasound, steaming under reduced pressure, and collecting the steaming product.
Further, the dosage ratio of the porous carrier, hexachloroethane, nano tantalum powder and high-purity yttrium powder is 10g:3.8g:0.55-0.62g, 1.7-1.9g.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the aluminum-based alloy material is prepared through reasonable formula design and process selection, has the characteristics of light weight and good heat conductivity compared with the traditional die steel, is applied to an injection die, and is favorable for loading and unloading the die and rapid forming.
2. According to the invention, a self-made refining agent is added in the smelting process, zeolite powder is used as a carrier, crystal water is fully removed through roasting, impurities in pores are removed through roasting, sodium ions are replaced with calcium in the zeolite powder in a weak acid solution environment, so that the pores of the zeolite powder are enlarged, good adsorption loading capacity is achieved, ethanol solution is used as a dispersing agent, hexachloroethane, nano tantalum powder and high-purity yttrium powder are loaded, wherein the hexachloroethane is vaporized in the refining process, floating removal of the zeolite carrier is facilitated, free gas in the alloy liquid is removed, yttrium and oxygen have strong combination effect, oxygen in aluminum oxide in a melt can be extracted, on one hand, the deoxidization effect is achieved, on the other hand, yttrium is used as a crystal core of aluminum, the degradation effect is achieved on aluminum oxide inclusion, and cracks and crack propagation caused by inclusion are greatly reduced; tantalum has strong hydrogen absorption capacity at about 700 ℃, effectively reduces the hydrogen content in aluminum-based materials, reduces needle-shaped air holes, greatly improves the purity and the density of a matrix, and can effectively resist fatigue stress, thereby showing good anti-fatigue characteristics.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention designs an alloy material based on the existing high-strength aluminum die material, and the specific hit components of the alloy material are designed as follows: zn:8.4wt%, mg:2.2wt%, cu:1.8wt%, zr:1.6wt%, al and inevitable impurities for the rest, al burn-out rate set to 4.2%, zn and Mg burn-out rate 8.5% and Cu and Zr burn-out rate 0.4% according to production experience.
Example 1
The embodiment prepares the anti-fatigue composite metal material, and the specific implementation process is as follows:
1. preparation of refining agent
a1, placing zeolite powder (with the nominal fineness of 200 meshes) in a muffle furnace, roasting for 3 hours at 400 ℃, dissolving sodium chloride in water to prepare a dilute solution with the concentration of 5%, dripping hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH value to 5.5 to prepare a weak acid sodium chloride solution as quenching liquid, adding the roasted zeolite powder into the weak acid sodium chloride solution according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:18, quenching and standing for soaking for 2 days, roasting the zeolite powder to fully remove crystal water and burn impurities in pores, replacing sodium ions with calcium in zeolite powder in the weak acid solution environment to enlarge the pores of the zeolite powder, filtering out a filter cake after soaking, washing with water, and drying in a drying box to constant weight to prepare the porous carrier;
a2, mixing hexachloroethane and 50% ethanol solution according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:40, mechanically stirring at 120rpm until the hexachloroethane and the ethanol solution are completely dissolved, adding a porous carrier, stirring and soaking for 4 hours at room temperature, introducing nitrogen gas, discharging air, adding nano tantalum powder and high-purity yttrium powder, and carrying out ultrasonic dispersion treatment for 30 minutes at 40kHz, wherein the dosage ratio of the porous carrier to the hexachloroethane to the nano tantalum powder to the high-purity yttrium powder is 10g:3.8g:0.55 g/1.9 g, the dispersion was depressurized to 1kPa, warmed to 60℃and distilled until no water was removed, and a refining agent was produced.
2. Preparation of composite Metal Material
s1, smelting: taking an aluminum ingot, adding the aluminum ingot into a vacuum suspension smelting furnace, vacuumizing the furnace to below 0.5kPa, introducing high-purity nitrogen until stable airflow is discharged, vacuumizing again to below 2kPa, introducing argon to constant pressure, washing the furnace of the vacuum suspension smelting furnace, avoiding oxidization during long-time smelting of the aluminum ingot, ensuring the purity of raw aluminum liquid, setting the smelting temperature to 780 ℃, smelting for 15min, completely smelting the aluminum ingot, adding an Mg-Al intermediate alloy (Al-50 Mg) and an Zr-Al (Al-4 Zr) intermediate alloy, carrying out heat preservation and smelting for 6min, carrying out primary deslagging, controlling the furnace temperature to 720 ℃, adding Zn powder and Cu powder and smelting for 10min, taking 1.0wt% of a refining agent of an alloy liquid, adopting a bell jar to press 70% of the refining agent, carrying out heat preservation and smelting for 3min, then pressing the rest refining agent again, carrying out secondary deslagging alloy liquid at 750 ℃, discharging and casting to prepare an alloy;
s2, homogenizing: placing the alloy ingot into a vacuum furnace, keeping the vacuum degree at 3kPa, heating to 300 ℃ and preserving heat for 2 hours, then slowly heating to 420 ℃ at 8 ℃/min and preserving heat for 3 hours, and then continuously heating to 470 ℃ and preserving heat for 18 hours, and homogenizing the alloy ingot to prepare a homogenized casting;
s3, extruding forging: heating the homogenized casting to 430 ℃, placing the homogenized casting in a forging press for extrusion, preheating an extrusion die to 430 ℃, controlling the extrusion ratio to be 11, and performing extrusion forging treatment on the homogenized casting to prepare a forging piece;
s4, heating the forging piece to 480 ℃ and preserving heat for 1h, controlling the tapping temperature to be not lower than 450 ℃, placing the forging piece into cooling water for quenching, and carrying out solution quenching treatment on the forging piece to prepare a solution quenching piece;
and S5, heating the solution quenching part to 120 ℃, preserving heat for 24 hours, naturally cooling to room temperature, and aging the solution quenching part to prepare the anti-fatigue composite metal material.
Example 2
The embodiment prepares the anti-fatigue composite metal material, and the specific implementation process is as follows:
1. preparation of refining agent
a1, placing zeolite powder (with the nominal fineness of 325 meshes) in a muffle furnace, roasting for 3 hours at 400 ℃, simultaneously dissolving sodium chloride in water to prepare a dilute solution with the concentration of 5%, dropwise adding hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH value to 6.0 to prepare a weak acid sodium chloride solution as quenching liquid, adding the roasted zeolite powder into the weak acid sodium chloride solution according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:23, quenching, standing and soaking for 3 days, filtering a filter cake after soaking, adding water for washing, and drying in a drying box to constant weight to prepare a porous carrier;
a2, mixing hexachloroethane and 50% ethanol solution according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:40, mechanically stirring at 120rpm until the hexachloroethane and the ethanol solution are completely dissolved, adding a porous carrier, stirring and soaking for 5 hours at room temperature, introducing nitrogen gas, discharging air, adding nano tantalum powder and high-purity yttrium powder, and carrying out ultrasonic dispersion treatment for 50 minutes at 40kHz, wherein the dosage ratio of the porous carrier to the hexachloroethane to the nano tantalum powder to the high-purity yttrium powder is 10g:3.8g:0.62 g/1.7 g, the dispersion was depressurized to 1kPa, warmed to 60℃and distilled until no water was removed, and a refining agent was produced.
2. Preparation of composite Metal Material
s1, smelting: taking an aluminum ingot, adding the aluminum ingot into a vacuum suspension smelting furnace, vacuumizing the furnace to below 0.5kPa, introducing high-purity nitrogen until stable airflow is discharged, vacuumizing again to below 2kPa, introducing argon to constant pressure, washing the furnace of the vacuum suspension smelting furnace, setting the smelting temperature to 750 ℃, smelting for 20min, completely smelting the aluminum ingot, adding an Mg-Al intermediate alloy and an Zr-Al intermediate alloy, carrying out heat preservation smelting for 8min, carrying out primary deslagging, controlling the furnace temperature to 700 ℃, adding Zn powder and Cu powder, smelting for 12min, taking 0.8wt% of refining agent of alloy liquid, adopting a bell jar to press 70% of refining agent, carrying out heat preservation smelting for 5min, then pressing the rest refining agent again, carrying out secondary deslagging alloy liquid at 740 ℃ for tapping and casting to prepare an alloy ingot;
s2, homogenizing: placing the alloy ingot into a vacuum furnace, keeping the vacuum degree at 3kPa, heating to 280 ℃ and preserving heat for 2.5 hours, then slowly heating to 400 ℃ at 8 ℃/min and preserving heat for 4 hours, and then continuously heating to 455 ℃ and preserving heat for 20 hours, and homogenizing the alloy ingot to prepare a homogenized casting;
s3, extruding forging: heating the homogenized casting to 430 ℃, placing the homogenized casting in a forging press for extrusion, preheating an extrusion die to 420 ℃, controlling the extrusion ratio to be 9, and performing extrusion forging treatment on the homogenized casting to prepare a forging piece;
s4, heating the forging piece to 460 ℃, preserving heat for 1.2h, controlling the tapping temperature to be not lower than 450 ℃, placing the forging piece in cooling water for quenching, and carrying out solution quenching treatment on the forging piece to prepare a solution quenching piece;
and S5, heating the solution quenching part to 120 ℃, preserving heat for 24 hours, naturally cooling to room temperature, and aging the solution quenching part to prepare the anti-fatigue composite metal material.
Example 3
The embodiment prepares the anti-fatigue composite metal material, and the specific implementation process is as follows:
1. preparation of refining agent
a1, placing zeolite powder (with the nominal fineness of 325 meshes) in a muffle furnace, roasting for 3 hours at 400 ℃, simultaneously dissolving sodium chloride in water to prepare a dilute solution with the concentration of 7%, dropwise adding hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH value to 5.5 to prepare a weak acid sodium chloride solution as quenching liquid, adding the roasted zeolite powder into the weak acid sodium chloride solution according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:20, quenching, standing and soaking for 3 days, filtering a filter cake after soaking, adding water for washing, and drying in a drying box to constant weight to prepare a porous carrier;
a2, mixing hexachloroethane and 50% ethanol solution according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:38, mechanically stirring at 120rpm until the hexachloroethane and the ethanol solution are completely dissolved, adding a porous carrier, stirring and soaking for 5 hours at room temperature, introducing nitrogen gas, discharging air, adding nano tantalum powder and high-purity yttrium powder, and carrying out ultrasonic dispersion treatment for 40 minutes at 40kHz, wherein the dosage ratio of the porous carrier to the hexachloroethane to the nano tantalum powder to the high-purity yttrium powder is 10g:3.8g:0.58 g/1.8 g, the dispersion was depressurized to 1kPa, warmed to 60℃and distilled until no water was removed, and a refining agent was produced.
2. Preparation of composite Metal Material
s1, smelting: taking an aluminum ingot, adding the aluminum ingot into a vacuum suspension smelting furnace, vacuumizing the furnace to below 0.5kPa, introducing high-purity nitrogen until stable airflow is discharged, vacuumizing again to below 2kPa, introducing argon to constant pressure, washing the furnace of the vacuum suspension smelting furnace, setting the smelting temperature to 770 ℃, smelting for 18min, completely smelting the aluminum ingot, adding an Mg-Al intermediate alloy and an Zr-Al intermediate alloy, carrying out heat preservation smelting for 7min, carrying out primary deslagging, controlling the furnace temperature to 710 ℃ after deslagging, adding Zn powder and Cu powder, smelting for 12min, taking a refining agent accounting for 0.9wt% of alloy liquid, adopting a bell jar to press 70% of the refining agent, carrying out heat preservation smelting for 4min, then pressing the rest refining agent again, carrying out secondary deslagging alloy liquid at 740 ℃ for tapping and casting to prepare an alloy ingot;
s2, homogenizing: placing the alloy ingot into a vacuum furnace, keeping the vacuum degree at 3kPa, heating to 300 ℃ and preserving heat for 2.2 hours, then slowly heating to 410 ℃ at 8 ℃/min and preserving heat for 3.6 hours, then continuously heating to 465 ℃ and preserving heat for 19 hours, and homogenizing the alloy ingot to prepare a homogenized casting;
s3, extruding forging: heating the homogenized casting to 430 ℃, placing the homogenized casting in a forging press for extrusion, preheating an extrusion die to 430 ℃, controlling the extrusion ratio to be 10, and performing extrusion forging treatment on the homogenized casting to prepare a forging piece;
s4, heating the forging piece to 470 ℃, preserving heat for 1.1h, controlling the tapping temperature to be not lower than 450 ℃, placing the forging piece in cooling water for quenching, and carrying out solution quenching treatment on the forging piece to prepare a solution quenching piece;
and S5, heating the solution quenching part to 120 ℃, preserving heat for 24 hours, naturally cooling to room temperature, and aging the solution quenching part to prepare the anti-fatigue composite metal material.
The composite metal materials prepared in examples 1 to 3 were sampled and the samples were subjected to chemical component detection, and specific test data are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the data in table 1, the composite metal material prepared by the invention comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 8.1-8.7wt%, mg:2.0-2.5wt%, cu:1.7-2.2wt%, zr:0.14-0.19wt%, ta:0.02-0.03wt%, Y:0.08-0.1wt%, the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities.
Comparative example
The comparative example is the existing 7055 high-strength aluminum alloy die material.
Taking the composite metal material prepared in example 1-example 3 and the comparative example to provide aluminum alloy material samples, a thermal fatigue test was performed using the Uddeholm self-restraint method, and the test procedure was as follows:
in one cycle period, firstly, rapidly heating a sample to 300 ℃ through an induction coil, then spraying water to cool the sample to below 80 ℃, performing a thermal fatigue cycle test, and after 50000 thermal fatigue test cycles, detecting that fatigue crack parameters of the sample are maximum, wherein specific test data are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
As can be seen from the data in Table 2, after 50000 times of fatigue tests, the maximum crack depth of the composite metal material prepared by the invention is 26-35 mu m, the maximum crack width is 12-19 mu m, the crack state is discontinuous crack, and the composite metal material is typical primary fatigue crack, and has good fatigue resistance compared with the existing 7055 high-strength aluminum alloy die material.
In the description of the present specification, the descriptions of the terms "one embodiment," "example," "specific example," and the like, mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing is merely illustrative and explanatory of the invention, as various modifications and additions may be made to the particular embodiments described, or in a similar manner, by those skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of the invention or exceeding the scope of the invention as defined in the claims.
Claims (9)
1. The anti-fatigue composite metal material is characterized by comprising the following chemical components in percentage by weight:
zn:8.1-8.7wt%, mg:2.0-2.5wt%, cu:1.7-2.2wt%, zr:0.14-0.19wt%, ta:0.02-0.03wt%, Y:0.08-0.1wt% of Al and unavoidable impurities, and adding a refining agent in the smelting process to deoxidize and dehydrogenate;
the refining agent is prepared by the following method:
step A1: placing zeolite powder in a muffle furnace, roasting for 3 hours at 400 ℃, discharging the zeolite powder into a weak acid sodium chloride solution, quenching, standing and soaking for 2-3d, filtering, taking a filter cake, washing, and drying to prepare a porous carrier;
step A2: mixing hexachloroethane and ethanol solution, dissolving, adding porous carrier, mixing, stirring at room temperature, soaking, introducing nitrogen for protection, adding nanometer tantalum powder and high-purity yttrium powder, dispersing with ultrasound, steaming under reduced pressure, and collecting the steaming product.
2. The fatigue-resistant composite metal material according to claim 1, wherein the fineness of zeolite powder is 200-325 mesh, the concentration of the weak acid sodium chloride solution is 5-8%, the pH value is 5.5-6.0, and the solid-to-liquid ratio of the zeolite powder to the weak acid sodium chloride solution is 1:18-23.
3. The anti-fatigue composite metal material according to claim 2, wherein the dosage ratio of the porous carrier, hexachloroethane, nano tantalum powder and high-purity yttrium powder is 10g:3.8g:0.55-0.62g, 1.7-1.9g.
4. The method for producing an anti-fatigue composite metal material according to claim 3, wherein an aluminum ingot, a mg—al intermediate alloy, a zr—al intermediate alloy, zn powder and Cu powder are melted and cast as alloy ingots, followed by homogenization treatment, extrusion forging, solution quenching treatment and aging treatment in this order.
5. The method for preparing the anti-fatigue composite metal material according to claim 4, wherein the specific smelting method is as follows: adding aluminum ingot into a vacuum suspension smelting furnace, then washing the furnace, setting the smelting temperature to be 750-780 ℃, completely smelting the aluminum ingot, adding Mg-Al intermediate alloy and Zr-Al intermediate alloy, carrying out heat preservation and melting, carrying out primary slag skimming, controlling the furnace temperature to be 700-720 ℃, adding Zn powder and Cu powder for smelting, and then pressing a bell jar into a refining agent for deoxidization and dehydrogenation for a plurality of times, carrying out secondary slag skimming, discharging and casting to prepare alloy cast ingot.
6. The method for preparing the anti-fatigue composite metal material according to claim 5, wherein the specific method for homogenizing treatment is as follows: placing the alloy ingot into a vacuum furnace, preserving heat for 2-2.5h at 280-300 ℃, then raising the temperature to 400-420 ℃ and preserving heat for 3-4h, and then continuously raising the temperature to 455-470 ℃ and preserving heat for 18-20h to prepare the homogenized casting.
7. The method for producing an antifatigue composite metal material as claimed in claim 6, wherein the homogenized casting is heated to 430 ℃ and extruded in a forging press, the temperature of the extrusion die is controlled to 420-430 ℃ and the extrusion ratio is controlled to 9-11, and a forged piece is produced.
8. The method for producing an antifatigue composite metal material as claimed in claim 7, wherein the forged piece is heated to 460-480 ℃ and kept at the temperature for 1-1.2h, and is quenched in cooling water to produce a solution quenched piece.
9. The method for producing an anti-fatigue composite metal material according to claim 8, wherein the solution hardening member is heated to 120 ℃, kept at a temperature for 24 hours, and naturally cooled to room temperature to produce the anti-fatigue composite metal material.
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