CN116213041A - Multi-energy field coupling reaction device for material preparation and mechanochemical reaction - Google Patents
Multi-energy field coupling reaction device for material preparation and mechanochemical reaction Download PDFInfo
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
- B02C17/10—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls with one or a few disintegrating members arranged in the container
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
- B02C17/18—Details
- B02C17/20—Disintegrating members
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
- B02C17/18—Details
- B02C17/24—Driving mechanisms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
- B02C19/18—Use of auxiliary physical effects, e.g. ultrasonics, irradiation, for disintegrating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
- B02C19/18—Use of auxiliary physical effects, e.g. ultrasonics, irradiation, for disintegrating
- B02C19/186—Use of cold or heat for disintegrating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C21/00—Disintegrating plant with or without drying of the material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C25/00—Control arrangements specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of nano material preparation and mechanochemical reaction, and particularly relates to a multi-energy field coupling reaction device for material preparation and mechanochemical reaction. The device comprises a base, a magnetic field generating electromechanical device, a mechanochemical reaction tank and a magnetic grinding body; the magnetic grinding body is a composite body of a permanent magnet and a wear-resistant material, and the permanent magnet is coated by the wear-resistant material. The device can be used for strengthening and improving the existing solvent-free green chemical synthesis routes of mechanical alloying, inorganic material preparation, organic chemical reaction and polymer chemical reaction. The device can be used for researching a chemical reaction mechanism under the condition of a multi-energy field, and is suitable for single-phase, two-phase or multi-phase reaction systems in solid, liquid and gas phases.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nano material preparation and mechanochemical reaction, and particularly relates to a multi-energy field coupling reaction device for material preparation and mechanochemical reaction.
Background
"mechanochemical reactions" are also known as "mechanochemical reactions", and the history of development of mechanochemistry originates in the original stone age. For example, wheat is ground into powder, and the house building materials are manufactured and made into ceramic technology. Throughout the human history, ancient gold refining and modern mechanochemical techniques can be embodied consistently in a mortar and pestle. With the development of industrial civilization, various types of ball mills have been started to be used based on ancient use of pestles and mortars, the principle of which is to apply interfacial mechanical force to reagents by using the motion of roller-driven grinding balls for mechanical alloying of metals, synthesis of nano-powders or mechanochemical reaction.
Any chemical reaction is conditional in that the reactant molecules need to overcome an energy barrier to be converted to the product. The energy required for the process is typically provided by heat, light, pressure or electrical potential, which acts by changing the distribution of the reactants over their ground potential energy plane or by moving them onto the excited potential energy plane and initiates or accelerates the progress of the chemical reaction across the energy barrier. For example: grinding Cinnabaris with a copper mortar and pestle in the presence of vinegar displaces metallic mercury; the reaction conditions of the elemental halogen and hydrogen are different from each other according to the elemental halogen; the calcium carbonate is heated and decomposed into calcium oxide and carbon dioxide; hydrogen and oxygen can be obtained by electrolyzing water; pressure, temperature and catalyst are required for ammonia synthesis; the metathesis reaction requires the presence of a solvent. Mechanochemical reactions are chemical reactions caused by the direct absorption of mechanical energy by reactants. In a sense, mechanochemical reactions are non-equilibrium reactions in which reactants excite activated molecules by mechanical force transfer at the solid surface or boundary, which are extensions of the above chemical reaction conditions compared to thermal excitation where flame and high temperature are required for molecules or atoms of traditional chemical reactions, electron impact excitation in plasma, photoexcitation of photons to molecular interactions, chemical energy excitation in exothermic chemical reactions, and ion beam excitation conditions in accelerators. At present, the scientific community still knows very little about the mechanical energy conversion of mechanochemical reactions and the research of the mechanism of excited molecules or atoms, far from.
Since ostwald (w.ostwald, nobel chemical prize acquirer in 1909), a chemist of university of lybisin germany, published in 1919, german works "first volume of general chemistry handbook: chemical literature and scientific organization (Handbuchder allgemeinen Chemie Band 1:Die chemische Literatur und die Organisation der Wissenschaft) has juxtaposed mechanochemistry with thermochemistry and electrochemistry, and has been proposed for the first time and added to the types of reactions initiated by mechanical energy, until the mid-20 th century, the development of mechanochemistry has remained elusive, and only a few research groups around the world have engaged in related work. This is due in large part to the fact that chemical discipline branches-organic chemistry, physical chemistry, polymer chemistry are now in very rapid development and expansion phases, and chemists are not at their disposal in areas where mechanochemistry is not very noticeable. After the middle of the 20 th century, the situation was significantly improved. In 1984, international society of mechanical and chemical (International Mechanochemistry Association, IMA) established; in 1993, the first international conference on mechanochemical and mechanical alloying (International Conference on Mechanochemistry and Mechanical Alloying, INCOME) was held in the scoval.
Mechanochemistry is a crossing subject, which relates to multiple subjects such as inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, solid chemistry, mechanical mechanics, structural chemistry, physical chemistry, quantum mechanics and the like, and mainly researches chemical reactions of solids caused by mechanical force action, wherein the solids can be specifically divided into inorganic compounds, organic small molecules, metals, macromolecules and non-metallic simple substances according to chemical compositions; mechanochemistry has different characteristics than conventional chemistry: (1) Mechanical forces can induce chemical reactions that are difficult or impossible to perform using thermal energy; (2) Mechanochemical reactions of some substances have different reaction mechanisms and rates than thermochemical reactions; (3) Mechanochemistry is much less affected by the surrounding environment, as compared to thermochemical, and is an unbalanced reaction; (4) Mechanical activation alters the thermodynamic properties of certain reactants such that certain mechanochemical reactions can proceed in directions where thermodynamics is not possible under conventional conditions. Mechanochemistry overturns the traditional notion of the scientific community regarding chemical reactions and also provides opportunities for exploring new chemical reactions.
The fundamental feature of mechanochemical phenomena is the coupling between the inertial movement on a microscopic to macroscopic scale and the generation of old and new chemical bonds caused by the instantaneous accumulation and relaxation of strain from macroscopic energy to molecular van der waals forces. The mechanical force can bring the local area to a plasma-like state in an extremely short time (on the order of 100 nanoseconds), and the high-energy excited state can lead the solid crystal lattice to be dissociated, generate defects and activate to promote chemical reaction. For organic molecules, the mechanical forces change the bond angle of covalent bonds in the molecule, and this geometrical deformation results in a decrease in the energy difference between the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital and the highest occupied molecular orbital, and a chemical reaction occurs. In general, mechanochemical mechanisms of action have both thermal effects and unique effects that are not thermal due to mechanical forces. The mechanochemical technology provides a general, easy-to-optimize and extensible method for preparing molecules and materials, and has better application in the aspects of preparing nano materials, intermetallic compounds, cement and ceramic materials. The synthesis of advanced materials by mechanochemical means, commonly referred to as "mechanical alloying" (MA mechanical alloying) or "reactive milling" (RM reaction milling), now appears to be less accurate and does not generalize all the fields to which mechanochemical reactions relate. The dynamic energy coupling from macroscopic to microscopic and across the length scale and time scale also greatly enables the application and research fields of mechanochemistry, which is used in the field of organic chemistry for the synthesis of organic molecules, biomolecules and organometallic compounds; in the aspect of material chemistry, the method can be used for synthesizing and preparing inorganic materials, metal-organic framework compounds, nano materials and various alloys or metal compounds; particularly in the aspect of inorganic chemistry, the chemical reaction can be carried out by grinding, milling and stirring without using a solvent, so that the method becomes the best choice for solvent-free green chemical synthesis. The mechanochemical method has the advantages of environmental friendliness, finer granularity, higher purity and quicker and more thorough reaction. Can be used for solid-solid, solid-liquid, solid-gas and multiphase chemical reactions.
Currently, the devices for carrying out mechanochemical reactions are mainly divided into two types, one type being ball mills, such as planetary mills, stirring mills, vibrating mills; another type is a magnetic grinding device. Planetary mills, agitator mills and vibratory mills produce both shear and impact forces. The planetary mill is most widely used in laboratories, and the device is characterized in that two or more cylindrical containers capable of rotating are arranged on a rotatable disc, a grinding ball and a sample to be ground are placed in the containers during operation, then the disc and the containers rotate in opposite directions, and under high rotation speed, the grinding ball in the container can produce mechanical impact on the sample and has good friction effect. Planetary mills were invented by the german family company, the fly company (Fritsch) in 1961, and today, the name of the medal company created in 1920 has been passed to the fourth generation of the family, and efforts are still made to develop such instruments. In addition to planetary mills, vibratory mills are also common, and this form of mechanical mill is also produced by RETSCH (lez) corporation of germany in the 1930 s. The working principle is that grinding balls and samples are placed in a container which is placed in parallel, the container vibrates back and forth in the horizontal direction, mechanical energy is transmitted through collision and friction of the grinding balls on the samples, and a SPEX series vibrating mill is popular and operated for more than 80 years.
Chinese patent CN102701193a discloses a preparation method of graphene or graphene oxide, which belongs to the technical field of nano material preparation, the preparation method comprises wet preparation and dry preparation, the wet preparation is to put carbon material, magnetic steel needle grinding body and solvent into a grinding container, and seal; placing the container into a space with a transformed magnetic field, and stripping to obtain a graphite nano microchip-graphene mixture; separating nano graphite microchip-graphene from the steel needle, and carrying out sedimentation and centrifugal separation to obtain the transparent graphene suspension. The dry preparation is to put the carbon material and the magnetic steel needle grinding body into a grinding container and seal; and (3) placing the container into a space with a transformed magnetic field, and stripping to obtain the graphite nano microchip-graphene mixture dry powder. The invention has the characteristics of high collision frequency, high grinding efficiency and short preparation time.
Chinese patent CN109825738A discloses a Cu/C/Ni/TiB based copper alloy 2 The preparation method of the composite material comprises the steps of grinding a mixture of copper powder and crystalline flake graphite to obtain Cu/C composite powder; grinding the Ni powder to obtain ground Ni powder; preparation of TiB by sol-gel method 2 A nano powder; mixing Cu/C composite powder, ground Ni powder and TiB 2 Mixing the nano powder, and adding absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain a composite solution; pouring the composite solution into a suction filtration funnel, arranging two U-shaped permanent magnets with opposite magnetism on the outer side of the lower part of the funnel, naturally settling the composite solution under the action of a magnetic field, performing suction filtration operation, and drying to obtain composite powder; and (3) putting the composite powder into a hot pressure furnace die, and hot-pressing and sintering to obtain the composite powder. The composite material prepared by the invention has excellent mechanical property, wear resistance and conductivity.
The forces generated by the planetary mill, the stirring mill and the vibration mill are mainly mechanical forces such as shearing, impact, friction and the like; the Chinese patent CN102701193A and the Chinese patent CN109825738A both relate to stainless steel grinding bodies, have high frequency and high collision efficiency, but are limited to the stripping preparation of sheet materials such as graphite, molybdenum sulfide and the like and the composite preparation of metal powder and graphite. Because the stainless steel grinding body has the characteristics of small self hardness, easy abrasion, tiny collision force and the like, for inorganic materials with hardness larger than that of the grinding body, the grinding body is extremely easy to abrade in grinding to introduce impurities to pollute a sample, chemical reaction is not involved, and the application range of the stainless steel grinding body is greatly limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a magnetic field induced and multi-energy field cooperative coupling multi-energy field coupling reaction device for material preparation and mechanochemical reaction. The device can be used for strengthening and improving the existing solvent-free green chemical synthesis routes of mechanical alloying, inorganic material preparation, organic chemical reaction and polymer chemical reaction. The device can be used for researching a chemical reaction mechanism under the condition of a multi-energy field, and is suitable for single-phase, two-phase or multi-phase reaction systems in solid, liquid and gas phases.
The device mainly comprises the following parts:
a magnetic field generating electromechanical device;
(II) a mechanochemical reaction tank;
(III) a magnetic polishing body;
(IV) a device control panel;
electromechanical device for generating magnetic field
The magnetic field generating electromechanical device is an electromagnet like the stator of an electric motor. The magnetic field intensity is controlled by adjusting the current, the distribution of the electromagnets is similar to the stator distribution mode of a motor, N-S-N-S … is formed by sequentially encircling an even number of electromagnets, and the space surrounded by the magnets is the space for placing the mechanochemical reaction tank. The rotating magnetic field is generated by the NS pole transformation of the electromagnets around the distribution, the number of turns of the coil, the current magnitude and the direction control magnetic field intensity and polarity transformation, the clockwise or anticlockwise rotating magnetic field is formed in sequence, and the magnetic field intensity of the surface of the electromagnet is designed within the range of 0-10T.
The magnetic field generating electromechanical device may be a permanent magnet, whichever type of magnet is used, as long as a rotating magnetic field can be generated.
(II) mechanochemical reaction tank
The mechanochemical reaction tank consists of a sealing cover and a tank body.
The mechanochemical reaction tank is arranged in a space forming a rotating magnetic field, and magnetic grinding bodies in the mechanochemical reaction tank are attracted and repelled by the rotating magnetic field to generate high-speed motion and collide with each other at high frequency.
The opening of the grinding reaction tank can be vertically arranged, obliquely arranged or horizontally arranged.
The grinding reaction tank can be additionally provided with one or more of a light source generating device, an ultrasonic generating device, a microwave generating device, a high-voltage arc plasma field generating device, an induced electromotive force generating device, an atmosphere control device or a heat exchange device, and the multi-energy field comprises one or more of mechanical energy, electromagnetic energy, high-voltage arc plasma, optical energy, microwaves or acoustic energy which are cooperatively generated.
The sealing cover of the mechanochemical reaction tank is provided with a thermocouple sensing device, an atmosphere control device (a gas pipe orifice and a gas valve), a pressure gauge and an anode part of a high-voltage arc plasma field.
The mechanical chemical reaction tank is characterized in that a tank body part of the mechanical chemical reaction tank is provided with a light source generating device, an ultrasonic generating device, a microwave generating device and a cathode part of a high-voltage arc plasma field, and an induced electromotive force generating device can be placed in the reaction tank.
The mechanochemical reaction tank is made of materials which are consistent with the materials of the magnetic grinding body as much as possible, and can be made of wear-resistant ceramic materials and high polymer materials, wherein the wear-resistant ceramic materials comprise hard wear-resistant ceramics such as alumina, zirconia, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, boron nitride and the like, and the high polymer materials comprise polytetrafluoroethylene, epoxy resin, polyurethane, nylon and melamine wear-resistant materials. When the cathode part of the high-voltage arc plasma field is arranged, the material of the tank body is required to be selected from metal materials such as stainless steel and wear-resistant hard alloy steel, the metal materials serve as a cathode for generating the high-voltage arc, and the high-voltage arc is generated between the cathode and the anode to form the plasma field.
The bottom of the mechanochemical reaction tank is connected with a base, and a microwave generating device and an ultrasonic generating device are arranged on the base; the periphery of the reaction tank is surrounded by an electromagnet, the silicon steel sheet and the coil winding of the electromagnet are wrapped by a steel plate sheath, and the mechanochemical reaction tank is placed in the steel plate sheath. The mechanochemical reaction tank can also be provided with a sealing cover and a heat exchange device, and sealing pressure resistance or heat exchange can be realized according to the requirement.
The mechanochemical reaction tank can be provided with a light source generating device according to the reaction requirement, and the coupled light energy excites reactant molecules for photochemical reaction at the same time of mechanochemical reaction, and the wavelength is selected in the wavelength range of visible light to ultraviolet light.
The mechanochemical reaction tank can be provided with an ultrasonic generating device according to the reaction requirement, and the reaction speed is increased or the problem of powder agglomeration in the preparation process of the nano material is solved by coupling and exciting reactant molecules in an ultrasonic energy mode while mechanochemical reaction is carried out, so that the preparation efficiency is improved. The ultrasonic wave generating device may be provided on a device base connected to the mechanochemical reaction tank.
The mechanochemical reaction tank can be provided with a microwave generating device according to the reaction requirement, and the reaction speed is increased by coupling and exciting reactant molecules in a microwave energy mode while mechanochemical reaction. The microwave generating device may be provided on a device base connected to the mechanochemical reaction tank.
The mechanochemical reaction tank can be provided with a high-voltage arc plasma field generating device according to the reaction requirement, an anode is arranged on the sealing cover of the reaction tank, the tank body is a cathode, and the plasma field is generated between the anode and the cathode. When the material undergoing mechanochemical reaction is in a plasma field formed by generating plasma by gas, the material moving at high speed has mechanical acting force with the grinding medium in the plasma field, and can fully act with the plasma to form a composite effect, and reactant molecules are coupled and excited in a plasma field mode to accelerate the reaction speed.
The mechanical chemical reaction tank is characterized in that a movable induced electromotive force generating device is arranged in the mechanical chemical reaction tank according to the reaction requirement to generate induced electromotive force, the induced electromotive force generating device is a squirrel-cage-shaped grid, the length of a conductive metal strip of the grid is not greater than the length from a tank opening of the grinding tank to the bottom, and the diameter of the grid is not greater than the inner diameter of the grinding tank. The electric conduction metal strips on the grid are mutually parallel and perpendicular to the magnetic force line direction to cut and rotate the magnetic force line, an electromagnetic induction phenomenon occurs, an instantaneous induction electromotive force is generated, the size of the instantaneous induction electromotive force is in direct proportion to the change rate of magnetic flux (E=BLVsin theta, wherein E is induction electromotive force, B is magnetic induction intensity, L is conductor length, V is the speed of cutting magnetic induction line movement, theta is an included angle between V and B directions), and induction potentials at two ends of the electric conduction metal strips directly influence and induce to change the binding force of reactant molecules and atoms or induce the reactant molecules to deform and polarize, electrons are easy to lose, the catalytic effect of oxidation reduction is achieved, and the electric conduction metal strips are used for facilitating the oxidation reduction reaction. The metal strips are made of copper, aluminum, iron, stainless steel and high-strength wear-resistant steel, can be cylindrical or strip-shaped, are made of insulating ceramic, high polymer and other materials, are provided with through holes, are inserted into the holes, are restrained to form an open squirrel-cage cylinder, and are directly taken out after the mechanochemical reaction is finished.
The mechanochemical reaction tank can be provided with a gas inlet and outlet pipe orifice under the airtight condition according to the reaction requirement, and the gas inlet and outlet pipe orifice and the pressure gauge can be arranged on a sealing cover of the mechanochemical reaction tank and are used for atmosphere control and pressure indication of a reaction system.
The mechanochemical reaction tank can be provided with a heat exchange device, namely a heat exchange sleeve, according to the reaction requirement, and the heat exchange sleeve can be arranged at the periphery of the mechanochemical reaction tank and used for controlling the temperature of a reaction system.
(III) magnetic polishing article
The invention relates to a magnetic grinding body for material preparation and mechanochemical reaction, which is a composite body of a permanent magnet and a wear-resistant material, wherein the permanent magnet is coated by the wear-resistant material.
The magnetic grinding body is in a spherical shape, a rod shape or a cobblestone shape.
The permanent magnet is made of ferrite permanent magnet or rare earth permanent magnet.
The wear-resistant material can be selected from the existing wear-resistant ceramic materials and high polymer materials, wherein the ceramic materials are hard wear-resistant ceramics such as alumina, zirconia, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, boron nitride and the like, and the high polymer materials are wear-resistant materials such as polytetrafluoroethylene, epoxy resin, polyurethane, nylon and melamine.
When the wear-resistant material is of a split structure, the wear-resistant material is divided into two halves, holes are formed in each half of the wear-resistant material, and after the two halves of the wear-resistant material are combined, the shape and the size of the holes are matched with those of the permanent magnets.
When the wear-resistant material is of a split type structure, the wear-resistant material is divided into two halves, a boss is arranged on one half of the wear-resistant material, a hole is formed in the boss, a groove is formed in the other half of the wear-resistant material, a hole is also formed in the groove, after the two halves of the wear-resistant material are combined, the shape and the size of the boss are matched with those of the groove, and the shape and the size of the hole are matched with those of the permanent magnet.
When the wear-resistant material is of an integrated structure, the permanent magnet is placed into the hole after punching and sintering on the wear-resistant material blank; or punching the wear-resistant material blank, and putting the permanent magnet into the hole for re-sintering or heat fusion.
(IV) device control panel
The control panel of the device of the invention is part of the control device functions, comprising: the device comprises a power control switch, a magnetic field conversion frequency, a magnetic field intensity adjusting button, a microwave control switch, an ultrasonic control switch, a light source control switch, a time setting (running, stopping and forward and reverse directions), a heat exchange control switch, a tank temperature display, a tank pressure display and a high-voltage electric plasma field generation control switch.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the magnetic grinding body is compounded by the permanent magnet and the outer layer wear-resistant high-hardness ceramic material or the high-molecular material, and has the advantages that the repulsion and the attraction between the magnetic grinding body and the external transformation electromagnetic field are larger than those of the ferromagnetic stainless steel material, the acting force is larger, the jumping distance is longer, the hardness of the magnetic grinding body is larger, the preparation range of the nano material is enlarged, the grinding space of a mechanochemical reaction tank is increased, and the preparation application range of various original ball mills can be covered.
The device comprises a mechanochemical reaction tank, wherein an electromagnet is arranged around the mechanochemical reaction tank, the electromagnet consists of an electromagnetic coil and an iron core, three-phase electricity generates an alternating magnetic field, and the strength of the magnetic field and the rotating frequency of the magnetic field can be adjusted by adopting the electromagnet so as to adapt to the requirements of chemical reaction. The magnetic grinding body is subjected to attraction and repulsion action of a changing magnetic field, high-speed autorotation and thousands of times per minute high-frequency collision shearing action are generated in the mechanochemical reaction tank, and the strong high-frequency collision energy is transferred to reactant molecules so as to achieve high-efficiency grinding effect, and the magnetic grinding body can be used for rapidly preparing nano materials; in addition, the magnetic grinding body greatly increases the contact of reactant molecules in the high-frequency collision process, simultaneously weakens the binding force of atoms in the reactant molecules, and quickens the reaction progress. According to quantum mechanics theory, whether chemical reaction can occur depends on electron spin state outside atomic nucleus, and magnetic field can influence electron spin state, thereby influencing chemical reaction, so that mechanochemical reaction is facilitated under the energy field state, pollution and influence caused by impurities generated by abrasion are greatly reduced due to the fact that the outer layer is coated with wear-resistant ceramic material or high polymer material, and solvent-free green chemical reaction is realized.
The invention aims to provide a device for magnetic field induction and multi-energy field cooperative coupling for material preparation and mechanochemical reaction, wherein magnetic field generation is generated by a magnetic field generator electromechanical device (electromagnet) at the periphery of a distribution reaction tank, the magnetic field intensity is controlled by adjusting the magnitude of current, the frequency is changed in the direction of the current, the magnitude of the magnetic field intensity of the electromagnet is controlled to be 0-10T, and a clockwise or anticlockwise rotating magnetic field is formed in sequence. The mechanical chemical reaction tank is placed in the effective space for forming the rotating magnetic field, the magnetic grinding body in the mechanical chemical reaction tank senses the attraction and repulsion action of the rotating magnetic field, the magnetic grinding body is driven to do high-frequency rotation runout and generate high-frequency collision, shearing and friction with each other, and the magnetic field energy always exists in the reaction tank while the mechanical energy generated by the traditional ball mill exists, and the magnetic field energy exerts acting force on any substance placed in the reaction tank. The nature of the substance is electrical, and electrons with negative charges move in a positive coulomb field of atomic nuclei of the substance, so that the magnetic field has to have different degrees of influence on moving charged microscopic particles (electrons, protons, various ions and the like) placed in the magnetic field from the microscopic mechanism, the acting force is Lorentz force, and the Lorentz force can change the movement direction of the particles and also can induce the loss of electrons and polarization deformation of the molecules. The chemical reaction is the breaking and forming process of chemical bond accompanied by the change of electron motion state, the breaking and forming of each old bond and new bond are the result of the splitting and superposition among the tracks, the track state and the change trend directly relate to the possibility of chemical bond exchange and the stability of the formed bond, if the deformation occurs in the direction favorable for track superposition, the critical delocalization effect of the reaction system can be enhanced, the activation energy is reduced, and the chemical reaction is accelerated. In addition to the effect on the stretching state of the front track, the magnetic field may also generate polarization effect due to deformation, so as to influence the dissociation speed and difficulty, thus affecting the chemical reaction speed, and enabling reactions which cannot occur under certain current conditions.
The invention relates to a device for preparing materials and carrying out mechanochemical reaction by magnetic field induction and multi-energy field cooperative coupling, wherein a mechanochemical reaction tank is arranged in a space forming a rotating magnetic field, a magnetic grinding body in the mechanochemical reaction tank is subjected to the attraction and repulsion force action of the rotating magnetic field to generate high-speed motion, and under the high-frequency collision condition, reactants generate local instantaneous high temperature at the collision point position and even generate local micro electric sparks due to the great increase of energy concentration, so that a local plasma state is formed.
The device comprises a mechanochemical reaction tank, wherein a plurality of conductive metal strips which are parallel to each other and are perpendicular to the magnetic force line direction of a magnetic field are placed in the mechanochemical reaction tank driven by a rotating magnetic field to form an induced electromotive force generating device, the conductive metal strips cut the magnetic force line in the process of rotating the magnetic field to generate induced potential, high-frequency collision contact and disconnection can be generated between two ends of the conductive metal strips and a high-speed collision metal grinding body, a large number of electric sparks are generated due to tip discharge, electrons are synergistically induced to be lost by the positive and negative ends of the induced potential, the binding force of reactant molecules and atoms is weakened, the reaction path is changed, the reaction condition is reduced, the oxidation-reduction reaction is catalyzed and accelerated, and the device has the catalytic effect of oxidation reduction. The grinding reaction space grinding bodies have high collision frequency, are favorable for full contact of reactants, have the synergistic effect of magnetic field, mechanical energy, inductive electric energy and other energy forms, are easy to generate point discharge plasma at the moment of collision, are favorable for realizing the improvement of the grinding efficiency of preparing nano materials, and are favorable for chemical reactions which cannot occur under the conventional conditions to occur in the form of mechanochemical reactions.
The device comprises a mechanochemical reaction tank, wherein a magnetic grinding body in the reaction tank is subjected to attraction and repulsion action of a conversion magnetic field, high-frequency collision shearing action is generated in the reaction tank, under the action of electromagnetic field energy and mechanical energy field, a light source can be added in the mechanochemical reaction tank to generate light energy, photon energy excites an activated molecule, and the generation of related chemical reaction is cooperatively promoted, so that the mechanical chemical reaction is realized, meanwhile, the energy irradiation of different wave bands required by part of photochemical reaction can be solved, the generation of the mechanochemical reaction is cooperatively promoted, the reaction which cannot be performed under the traditional condition is realized, and new chemical reaction and conditions are designed and explored.
The device comprises a mechanochemical reaction tank, wherein a magnetic grinding body in the reaction tank is subjected to attraction and repulsion action of a transformation magnetic field, high-frequency collision shearing action is generated in the reaction tank, and an ultrasonic function can be added in the mechanochemical reaction tank under the condition of having electromagnetic field energy and mechanical energy field, so that the mechanical chemical reaction can be carried out, meanwhile, the ultrasonic energy transmission required by partial chemical reaction can be solved, and the occurrence of the mechanochemical reaction is promoted by cooperative excitation. If solid substances participate in the reaction, the problem of agglomeration of the powder under the nanoscale can be solved by ultrasonic energy, the synergistic effect of the ultrasonic energy and the magnetic field energy is achieved, the preparation quality of the nano powder is improved, or reactant molecules are excited by the aid of ultrasonic energy, so that the reaction which cannot be carried out under the traditional condition is realized, and a new chemical reaction mechanism is designed and explored.
The device comprises a mechanochemical reaction tank, wherein a magnetic grinding body in the reaction tank is subjected to attraction and repulsion action of a transformation magnetic field, high-frequency collision shearing action is generated in the reaction tank, and under the condition of meeting the electromagnetic field energy and the mechanical energy field, a microwave function can be added in the mechanochemical reaction tank, so that the mechanochemical reaction is realized, and meanwhile, the energy is cooperatively transferred to reactant molecules with the mechanical energy and the magnetic field energy in a microwave energy transfer mode, the occurrence of the mechanochemical reaction is promoted by cooperative excitation, the reaction which cannot be performed under the traditional condition is realized, and new chemical reaction and the condition thereof are designed and explored.
The device comprises a mechanochemical reaction tank, wherein a magnetic grinding body in the reaction tank is subjected to attraction and repulsion action of a conversion magnetic field, high-frequency collision shearing action is generated in the reaction tank, high-voltage arc plasma field energy can be added in the mechanochemical reaction tank under the action of electromagnetic field energy and mechanical energy field, and a plasma generator for generating a plasma field in the space of the grinding tank comprises a plasma power supply, and the plasma field is positioned between an anode and a cathode of the plasma power supply. The synergistic effect of the plasma and the grinding mechanical energy ensures that the powder is extremely easy to reach the nanoscale scale under the action of a melting-thermal explosion-quenching mechanism; meanwhile, the high-voltage arc plasma can also cause the crystal lattice of the powder particles to generate dislocation, atom vacancy, lattice distortion and other defects, and the defects greatly improve the activity of the powder. The active materials generate cooperative coupling between mechanical energy, magnetic field energy and plasma in a plasma field, so that the grinding efficiency is greatly improved, reactant molecules are excited by the assistance of high-voltage arc plasma energy, the reaction which cannot be performed under the traditional condition is realized, and a new chemical reaction mechanism is designed and explored. The additional induction electric energy, light energy, sound wave energy (microwaves, ultrasound), high-voltage arc plasma and the like can be added, one or two or more energy fields can be cooperatively coupled with mechanical energy and magnetic field energy, and the chemical reaction is promoted to be facilitated. Due to the large increase of the energy concentration, under the high-frequency collision condition, the multi-energy fields are cooperatively coupled to generate local instantaneous high temperature, and the control of the system temperature depends on a device heat exchange mechanism.
The mechanical chemical reaction tank is internally provided with an additional heat exchange function, and a thermocouple is arranged to monitor the reaction temperature in the reaction tank, so that the heat exchange required by heat release or heat absorption of part of mechanical chemical reaction can be solved, the reaction speed can be increased, or the preparation efficiency can be improved while the mechanical chemical reaction is carried out.
The pressure indication function is added in the mechanochemical reaction tank to realize that the requirement that part of mechanochemical reaction has gas to participate in the reaction can be solved when mechanochemical reaction is carried out, and the reaction speed is improved or the preparation efficiency is improved.
In summary, the invention also provides a grinding reaction device with rotating magnetic field control and multi-energy field cooperative coupling for material preparation and mechanochemical reaction, and the mechanochemical method has the obvious advantages of non-equilibrium reaction compared with a solution-based reaction, and has the advantages of fast reaction, high conversion rate and easy realization of green chemical manufacturing without solvent participation reaction. Based on the existing reaction conditions of heating, radiation, catalysis, electrochemistry and the like, the device is provided with mechanical energy, a heat exchanger and atmosphere pressure conditions of a high-energy ball mill, and can apply ultrasonic waves, microwaves, light energy, induced electromotive force and one or two or more energy fields of high-voltage arc plasmas to cooperatively couple in a grinding space controlled by a corresponding magnetic field according to the needs of reaction types, thereby supplementing an activation method for promoting chemical reaction, being not only used for mechanical alloying, nano powder preparation and sheet metal powder preparation, but also widely used for inorganic material synthesis, organic compound synthesis, photochemical reaction, polymerization reaction and chemical reaction which cannot be completed under the conventional conditions. The method is suitable for a solid-solid, solid-liquid, solid-gas two-phase or multiphase reaction system under the condition of research and exploration of a novel chemical reaction mechanism under the cooperative coupling of a plurality of energy fields in one or two or more of mechanical force/magnetic field/induced potential/illumination/microwave/ultrasound/heat exchange/plasma fields.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a magnetic polishing body according to the present invention;
FIG. 1-a is a schematic view of a magnetic abrasive body of a split cobblestone-like structure;
FIG. 1-b is a schematic view of a magnetic abrasive body of a cobblestone-like split structure with lands and grooves;
FIG. 1-c is a schematic diagram of a cobblestone-like magnetic abrasive structure;
FIG. 1-d is a schematic view of a spherical magnetic abrasive body;
FIG. 1-e is a schematic view of a magnetic abrasive body of a cobblestone-like unitary structure;
FIG. 1-f is a schematic view of a rod-shaped magnetic abrasive body;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the device with the controller;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the disk of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a disk of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a mechanochemical reaction tank body according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a seal cap of a mechanochemical reaction tank of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a mechanochemical reaction tank seal cap of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of a sealing cap with a high voltage electrode mounting hole of the mechanochemical reaction tank of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing the structure of a sealing cap with a high voltage electrode of the mechanochemical reaction tank of the present invention;
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of an induced electromotive force generating device of the present invention;
in fig. 1-11: 1. a wear resistant material; 2. a permanent magnet; 3. a hole; 4. a boss; 5. a groove; 6. thermocouple sensing means; 7. an atmosphere control device; 8. a pressure gauge; 9. a coil winding; 10. a silicon steel sheet; 11. a base; 12. a mechanochemical reaction tank; 13. a fan; 14. a window; 15. a steel plate sheath; 16. a mounting groove; 17. a device control panel; 18. a disc; 19. a microwave generating device; 20. an ultrasonic wave generating device; 21. a thread; 22. a heat exchange medium outlet; 23. a light source generating device; 24. a heat exchange medium inlet; 25. a heat exchange device; 26. the light source generating device is provided with a bolt; 27. thermocouple sensing device mounting holes; 28. an atmosphere control device mounting hole; 29. high-voltage electrode mounting holes; 30. a high voltage electrode; 31. an upper fixing ring; 32. a metal strip; 33. a lower fixing ring;
121. a tank body; 122. sealing cover;
171. a light source switch; 172. an ultrasonic switch; 173. a microwave switch; 174. a magnetic field switch; 175. a power control switch; 176. a high-voltage electric plasma field generation control switch; 177. a temperature and pressure display screen; 178. a fan switch; 179. and a heat exchange switch.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 11, the multi-energy field coupling reaction device for material preparation and mechanochemical reaction comprises a base 11, and further comprises a magnetic field generating electromechanical device, a mechanochemical reaction tank 12 and a magnetic grinding body.
The magnetic grinding body used in the embodiment of the invention is a composite body of the permanent magnet 2 and the wear-resistant material 1, and the permanent magnet 2 is coated by the wear-resistant material 1.
The magnetic polishing body is spherical, rod-like or cobblestone-like.
The permanent magnet 2 is made of ferrite permanent magnet or rare earth permanent magnet.
The wear-resistant material 1 is made of a wear-resistant ceramic material or a high polymer material, and the wear-resistant ceramic material is alumina, zirconia, silicon nitride, silicon carbide or boron nitride and the like; the polymer material is polytetrafluoroethylene, epoxy resin, polyurethane, nylon or melamine wear-resistant material, etc.
The wear resistant material 1 may be of unitary construction, as shown in fig. 1-e, fig. 1-f. The wear-resistant material 1 may also be of a split construction, as in fig. 1-a, 1-b, 1-c, 1-d; the wear-resistant material 1 is internally provided with a hole 3 for placing the permanent magnet 2, and the shape and the size of the hole 3 are matched with those of the permanent magnet 2.
When the wear-resistant ceramic 1 is of a split structure, the wear-resistant material 1 is divided into two halves, and holes 3 are formed in each half of the wear-resistant material 1, as shown in fig. 1-a, fig. 1-c and fig. 1-d, and after the two halves of the wear-resistant material 1 are combined, the shape and the size of the holes 3 are matched with those of the permanent magnets 2.
When the wear-resistant material 1 is in a split structure, as shown in fig. 1-b, the wear-resistant material 1 is divided into two halves, a boss 4 is arranged on one half of the wear-resistant material 1, a hole 3 is arranged on the boss 4, a groove 5 is arranged on the other half of the wear-resistant material 1, the hole 3 is also arranged on the groove 5, after the two halves of the wear-resistant material 1 are combined, the shape and the size of the boss 4 are matched with those of the groove 5, and the shape and the size of the hole 3 are matched with those of the permanent magnet 2.
When the wear-resistant material 1 is in an integrated structure, as shown in fig. 1-e and fig. 1-f, after punching 3 on a blank of the wear-resistant material 1 and sintering, the permanent magnet 2 is placed in the hole; or punching 3 on the blank of the wear-resistant material 1, and putting the permanent magnet 2 into the hole 3 for re-sintering or thermal fusion.
The mechanochemical reaction tank is provided with one or more of a light source generating device 23, an ultrasonic wave generating device 20, a microwave generating device 19, a high-voltage arc plasma field generating device, an induced electromotive force generating device, an atmosphere controlling device 7, or a heat exchanging device 25.
The top of the base 11 is provided with a concave space, and a magnetic field generating electromechanical device is arranged in the concave space; the magnetic field generating electromechanical device comprises a silicon steel sheet 10 and coil windings 9 wound on the silicon steel sheet, wherein the silicon steel sheet 10 is vertically and uniformly distributed in a concave space; the center of the magnetic field generator is provided with a steel plate sheath 15, the mechanochemical reaction tank 12 is arranged in the steel plate sheath 15, the bottom of the mechanochemical reaction tank 12 is connected with the bottom of the concave space, and the base 11 is also connected with a device control panel 17.
A light source switch 171 is arranged on the device control panel 17; an ultrasonic switch 172; a microwave switch 173; a magnetic field switch 174; a power control switch 175; a high voltage electric plasma field generation control switch 176; a temperature pressure display screen 177; a fan switch 178; the heat exchange switch 179, the device control panel 17 is connected with the corresponding components controlled by the device control panel through a circuit. The light source switch 171 is provided with a button for adjusting the wavelength of the light source; the ultrasonic switch 172 is provided with frequency increasing, decreasing and ultrasonic time control buttons, and the microwave switch 173 is provided with wavelength increasing, decreasing and microwave time control buttons; the magnetic field switch 174 is provided with a magnetic field conversion frequency, a magnetic field intensity adjustment button, and a grinding time button; the grinding time setting comprises functions of running, stopping, forward and backward directions and the like; the heat exchange switch 179 includes heat exchange medium flow rate up, down and heat exchange time control buttons.
A window 14 is formed in the middle of the base 11, and a fan 13 is arranged at the bottom of the window 14 and used for radiating heat of the electromechanical device of the magnetic field generator; the top of the window 14 is provided with an inward concave mounting groove 16, a disc 18 is arranged in the mounting groove 16, an ultrasonic generating device 20 and a microwave generating device 19 are arranged on the disc 18, and the disc 18 is connected in the mounting groove 16 at the top of the window through threads 21.
The mechanochemical reaction tank 12 comprises a sealing cover 122 and a tank body 121, wherein the top of the sealing cover 122 is provided with a heat exchange device 25, and a heat exchange medium outlet 22 is arranged at the upper part of the heat exchange device 25; a heat exchange medium inlet 24 is arranged at the lower part; a light source generating device 23 is arranged at the bottom of the tank 121; the light source generating device 23 provided at the bottom of the can 121 is mounted at the bottom of the can 121 by the light source generating device mounting bolts 26.
The top of the sealing cover 122 is connected with a thermocouple sensing device 6 and an atmosphere control device 7, a pressure gauge 8 is arranged on the atmosphere control device 7, the atmosphere control device 7 is a gas pipe orifice and a gas valve, and can be connected with an external gas cylinder, so that the pressure is regulated. The sealing cover 122 is provided with a thermocouple sensing device mounting hole 27 and an atmosphere control device mounting hole 28; or the sealing cover 122 is provided with a high-voltage electrode 30, the sealing cover 122 is provided with a high-voltage electrode mounting hole 29, a thermocouple sensing device mounting hole 27 and an atmosphere control device mounting hole 28, and the high-voltage electrode 30 and the tank 121 form a high-voltage arc plasma field generating device.
The induced electromotive force generating device comprises a conductive metal strip 32, an upper fixing ring 31 and a lower fixing ring 33, wherein the conductive metal strip 32 is fixed by the upper fixing ring 31 at the top and the lower fixing ring 33 at the bottom; the upper fixing ring 31 and the lower fixing ring 33 are respectively provided with a through hole through which the conductive metal strip 32 can pass, so as to fix the conductive metal strip 32, and the conductive metal strip 32 is cylindrical or strip-shaped; the upper fixing ring 31 and the lower fixing ring 33 have the same structure, and the upper fixing ring 31 and the lower fixing ring 33 are made of insulating ceramic or polymer materials.
Although the present invention has been described in detail by way of preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various equivalent modifications and substitutions for embodiments of the invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these modifications and substitutions are intended to be within the scope of the invention. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present disclosure, and the present disclosure is intended to be covered by the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. A multi-energy field coupling reaction device for material preparation and mechanochemical reaction, comprising a base (11), and further comprising a magnetic field generating electromechanical device, a mechanochemical reaction tank (12) and a magnetic grinding body; the magnetic grinding body is a composite body of a permanent magnet (2) and a wear-resistant material (1), and the permanent magnet (2) is coated by the wear-resistant material (1).
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic abrasive body has a spherical, rod-like or cobble shape; the permanent magnet (2) is made of ferrite permanent magnet or rare earth permanent magnet; the wear-resistant material (1) is made of a wear-resistant ceramic material or a high polymer material, and the wear-resistant ceramic material is aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, silicon nitride, silicon carbide or boron nitride; the polymer material is polytetrafluoroethylene, epoxy resin, polyurethane, nylon or melamine wear-resistant material.
3. A multi-energy field coupling reaction apparatus for material preparation and mechanochemical reaction as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the wear-resistant material (1) is of an integrated structure or a split structure; the wear-resistant material (1) is internally provided with a hole (3) for placing the permanent magnet (2), and the shape and the size of the hole (3) are matched with those of the permanent magnet (2).
4. A multi-energy field coupling reaction apparatus for material preparation and mechanochemical reaction as claimed in claim 3, wherein: when the wear-resistant material (1) is of a split structure, the wear-resistant material (1) is divided into two halves, the wear-resistant material (1) of each half is provided with a hole (3), and after the two halves of wear-resistant materials (1) are combined, the shape and the size of the holes (3) are matched with those of the permanent magnets (2); or when the wear-resistant material (1) is of a split type structure, the wear-resistant material (1) is divided into two halves, a boss (4) is arranged on one half of the wear-resistant material (1), a hole (3) is formed in the boss (4), a groove (5) is formed in the other half of the wear-resistant material (1), the hole (3) is also formed in the groove (5), after the two halves of the wear-resistant material (1) are combined, the shape and the size of the boss (4) are matched with those of the groove (5), and the shape and the size of the hole (3) are matched with those of the permanent magnet (2).
5. The multi-energy field coupling reaction apparatus for material preparation and mechanochemical reaction according to claim 1, wherein the mechanochemical reaction tank is provided with one or more of a light source generating means (23), an ultrasonic wave generating means (20), a microwave generating means (19), a high-voltage arc plasma field generating means, an induced electromotive force generating means, an atmosphere controlling means (7), or a heat exchanging means (25).
6. The multi-energy field coupling reaction device for material preparation and mechanochemical reaction according to claim 1, wherein a concave space is formed at the top of the base (11), and a magnetic field generating electromechanical device is installed in the concave space; the magnetic field generating electromechanical device comprises a silicon steel sheet (10) and coil windings (9) wound on the silicon steel sheet, wherein the silicon steel sheet (10) is vertically and uniformly distributed in the concave space; the center position of the magnetic field generator is provided with a steel plate sheath (15), the mechanochemical reaction tank (12) is placed in the steel plate sheath (15), the bottom of the mechanochemical reaction tank (12) is connected with the bottom of the concave space, and the base (11) is also connected with the device control panel (17).
7. The multi-energy field coupling reaction device for material preparation and mechanochemical reaction according to claim 1 or 6, wherein a window (14) is formed in the middle of the base (11), and a fan (13) is installed at the bottom of the window (14) for heat dissipation of the magnetic field generating electromechanical device; the top of the window (14) is provided with an inward concave mounting groove (16), a disc (18) is arranged in the mounting groove (16), an ultrasonic generating device (20) and a microwave generating device (19) are arranged on the disc (18), and the disc (18) is connected in the mounting groove (16) at the top of the window through threads (21).
8. The multi-energy field coupling reaction device for material preparation and mechanochemical reaction according to claim 1, wherein the mechanochemical reaction tank (12) comprises a sealing cover (122) and a tank body (121) which are arranged at the top, heat exchange devices (25) are arranged around the tank body (121), and heat exchange medium outlets (22) are arranged at the upper part of the heat exchange devices (25); the lower part is provided with a heat exchange medium inlet (24); a light source generating device (23) is arranged at the inner bottom of the tank body (121); the top of the sealing cover (122) is connected with a thermocouple sensing device (6) and an atmosphere control device (7), and a pressure gauge (8) is arranged on the atmosphere control device (7).
9. The multi-energy field coupling reaction apparatus for material preparation and mechanochemical reaction according to claim 8, wherein a thermocouple sensor mounting hole (27) and an atmosphere control device mounting hole (28) are provided on the sealing cover (122); or the sealing cover (122) is provided with a high-voltage electrode (30), the sealing cover (122) is provided with a high-voltage electrode mounting hole (29), a thermocouple sensing device mounting hole (27) and an atmosphere control device mounting hole (28), and the high-voltage electrode (30) and the tank body (121) form a high-voltage arc plasma field generating device.
10. The multi-energy field coupling reaction apparatus for material preparation and mechanochemical reaction according to claim 5, wherein the induced electromotive force generating means comprises a conductive metal bar (32), an upper fixing ring (31) and a lower fixing ring (33), the conductive metal bar (32) being fixed by the upper fixing ring (31) at the top and the lower fixing ring (33) at the bottom; the upper fixing ring (31) and the lower fixing ring (33) are respectively provided with a through hole through which the conductive metal strip (32) can pass, so as to fix the conductive metal strip (32), and the conductive metal strip (32) is cylindrical or strip-shaped; the upper fixing ring (31) and the lower fixing ring (33) have the same structure, and the upper fixing ring (31) and the lower fixing ring (33) are made of insulating ceramic or polymer materials.
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