CN116182138B - Deep peak regulation energy supply system and method for power generation by thermal-electrolytic coupling of coal-fired unit - Google Patents
Deep peak regulation energy supply system and method for power generation by thermal-electrolytic coupling of coal-fired unit Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/28—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method in boilers heated electrically
- F22B1/30—Electrode boilers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B33/00—Steam-generation plants, e.g. comprising steam boilers of different types in mutual association
- F22B33/18—Combinations of steam boilers with other apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
- F22G1/00—Steam superheating characterised by heating method
- F22G1/16—Steam superheating characterised by heating method by using a separate heat source independent from heat supply of the steam boiler, e.g. by electricity, by auxiliary combustion of fuel oil
- F22G1/165—Steam superheating characterised by heating method by using a separate heat source independent from heat supply of the steam boiler, e.g. by electricity, by auxiliary combustion of fuel oil by electricity
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of deep peak regulation of power supply and generation of coal-fired units, in particular to a system and a method for supplying energy for deep peak regulation of power supply and generation of coal-fired units through thermal electrolysis coupling, wherein the supply system comprises the following components: the device comprises a generator, an electrode boiler thermal decoupling module, a flue gas waste heat recovery module and a heat storage module. The electrode boiler thermal-electrolytic coupling module inputs net electric load which is not on the net into the electrode boiler, and hot water generated by saturated steam generated by the electrode boiler after heat exchange in the steam-water heat exchanger is conveyed into a thermal net heater and/or a heat storage tank, so that the purpose of thermal-electrolytic coupling is realized; the flue gas waste heat recovery module is used for heating hot water from the outlet of the high back pressure condenser through the flue gas heat exchanger and then conveying the hot water to the heat supply network heater and/or the heat storage tank, so that comprehensive supply of energy is realized; the heat storage module is used as a core connecting hub of the energy supply system, so that the characteristic of thermal decoupling of the coal-fired unit can be improved, and the capacity of participating in deep peak regulation during heat supply of the coal-fired unit can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of deep peak regulation of power generation of coal-fired units, in particular to a deep peak regulation energy supply system and method of power generation of a coal-fired unit by thermal electrolysis coupling, and particularly relates to a deep peak regulation and efficient comprehensive energy supply system and method of power generation of a coal-fired unit by thermal electrolysis coupling based on heat accumulation peak regulation of an electrode boiler and a heat accumulation tank.
Background
Along with the promotion of constructing novel electric power system, the large-scale access of new energy power generation forces thermal power generating unit to need to promote the operation flexibility of unit by a wide margin, still should have simultaneously the characteristics that participate in the power grid on a large scale and supply the electricity generation degree of depth peak regulation. Particularly in the three north areas of China, the heat and power cogeneration unit has high specific gravity, the peak-shaving power sources of the hydropower unit, the pure condensing unit and the like are scarce, and the peak-shaving demand of the electric power market is more vigorous. The coal-fired unit is influenced by the thermal-electric coupling characteristic, the heat supply load is influenced when the coal-fired unit runs in a heat supply season, the running capacity of the coal-fired unit for participating in the flexible deep peak regulation is poor, and the capacities of the coal-fired unit for participating in the deep peak regulation and assisting in the service market are greatly limited.
On the other hand, with the promotion of clean heat supply substitution, a large number of small heat supply boilers are shut down, and a plurality of coal-fired units reach the limit of heat supply capacity, so that when the output of the coal-fired units is limited or fails, the heat supply capacity of the coal-fired units is seriously affected, the heat supply is a civil problem, and when the heat supply failure or heat supply interruption occurs, the social image of enterprises is seriously affected.
Therefore, the thermoelectric decoupling capacity of heat supply is improved, the heat supply guarantee capacity of the coal-fired unit is further improved, and wide social and market demands are achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a thermal-electric coupling power generation depth peak regulation energy supply system of a coal-fired unit, which aims to overcome the defect that the existing coal-fired unit greatly limits the participation of the coal-fired unit in depth peak regulation due to the influence of thermal-electric coupling characteristics.
In addition, the invention also aims to provide a supply method for the deep peak regulation energy supply system by utilizing the thermal-electrolytic coupling of the coal-fired unit.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a coal-fired unit thermal-decoupling power generation degree of depth peak regulation energy supply system, includes: the power of the electric generator is provided with a power generator,
the electrode boiler thermal-decoupling module at least comprises an electrode boiler and a steam-water heat exchanger, wherein the electrode boiler is connected with the power output end of the generator and is used for inputting a grid power load which is not on the grid into the electrode boiler when a power grid is in low load demand, and hot water generated by saturated steam generated by the electrode boiler after heat exchange in the steam-water heat exchanger is conveyed to a heat grid heater to supply heat to the outside and/or stored in a heat storage tank according to the demand, so that the purpose of thermal-decoupling is realized;
the flue gas waste heat recovery module at least comprises a flue gas heat exchanger and a high back pressure condenser, wherein the flue gas heat exchanger is arranged at an outlet of an air preheater of a coal-fired unit industrial boiler, hot water at 70 ℃ from the outlet of the Gao Beiya condenser is heated by the flue gas heat exchanger and then is raised to 95 ℃, and the hot water is conveyed to a heat supply network heater to supply heat to the outside and/or is stored in a heat storage tank according to the requirement, so that comprehensive supply of energy is realized; and
the heat storage module at least comprises a heat storage tank and a heat storage water pump and is used for storing and releasing hot water which is conveyed to the heat storage tank by the electrode boiler thermal decoupling module and the flue gas waste heat recovery module, so that efficient energy supply is further realized.
Further, the electrode boiler thermal decoupling module further comprises: the steam generator comprises a transformer for providing high-voltage power for an electrode boiler and a steam separation cylinder for realizing distribution and convergence of saturated steam generated by the electrode boiler, wherein the steam separation cylinder is arranged at the upstream of the steam-water heat exchanger, and the electrode boiler is an electrode steam boiler.
Furthermore, the steam-water heat exchanger returns condensed water condensed after heat exchange of saturated steam to the electrode boiler to serve as working medium of internal circulation.
Still further, the outlet of the air dividing cylinder is provided with three branches, wherein the first branch is communicated with a steam-water heat exchanger, and the steam-water heat exchanger directly conveys the heat exchanged hot water to a heat supply network heater to supply heat to the outside according to the requirement, or stores the heat exchanged hot water in a heat storage tank through a heat storage water pump, so that the purpose of thermal electrolytic coupling is realized;
the second branch is communicated with an industrial steam supply module, the industrial steam supply module at least comprises a steam superheater, and the steam superheater utilizes an electric heater to heat saturated steam generated by the electrode boiler again and then externally provides high-quality industrial heat supply;
the third branch is communicated with the domestic hot water module, the domestic hot water module at least comprises a domestic hot water heat exchanger, and the domestic hot water heat exchanger externally provides low-quality domestic hot water heat after the saturated steam generated by the electrode boiler is subjected to heat exchange by the domestic hot water heat exchanger.
Preferably, a heat supply network circulating pump is arranged at the outlet of the Gao Beiya condenser, and the heat supply network circulating pump inputs hot water with the temperature of 70 ℃ at the outlet of the high back pressure condenser into the flue gas heat exchanger for heating and then rises to 95 ℃.
More preferably, the hot water at the inlet of the Gao Beiya condenser is from heat supply network backwater, the average temperature of the heat supply network backwater is 50 ℃, the heat supply network backwater is heated to 70 ℃ in the high back pressure condenser at first, and then is secondarily heated to 95 ℃ through the flue gas heat exchanger, so that the gradient heating of the heat supply network backwater is realized, and the comprehensive utilization efficiency of energy is improved.
Further, the method comprises the steps of, the heat storage module is connected with the electrode boiler thermal decoupling module, the flue gas waste heat recovery module communication pipelines are respectively arranged between the industrial steam supply modules and the domestic hot water modules.
Preferably, the capacity of the electrode boiler is 60MW, the pressure of the generated saturated steam is 1.2MPa, the temperature is 188 ℃, and the steam flow under rated output is generatedThe amount is 81t/h; the capacity of the steam superheater is 7.5MW, and superheated steam with the temperature not lower than 320 ℃ is generated; the capacity of the heat storage tank is 10000m 3 。
Meanwhile, the invention also provides a method for supplying energy for deep peak regulation of power generation by thermal-electrolytic coupling of the coal-fired unit, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Under the operation mode of the coal-fired unit according to the heat setting electricity, when the power grid is in low load demand, directly starting an electrode boiler, inputting the grid electricity load which is not connected with the power grid into the electrode boiler to generate saturated steam, and converging the saturated steam into a steam separation cylinder;
(2) The saturated steam in the sub-cylinder is distributed by selecting one branch or two branches or three branches according to the energy demand, and the distributed saturated steam is respectively sent to a steam-water heat exchanger, a steam superheater and a domestic hot water heat exchanger, wherein:
the hot water generated after the heat exchange of the saturated steam entering the steam-water heat exchanger is sent to a heat supply network heater to supply heat to the outside and/or stored in a heat storage tank according to the requirement to realize the function of thermal electrolytic coupling, and the condensed water after the heat exchange is returned to an electrode boiler to be used as an internal circulation working medium;
saturated steam entering the steam superheater is heated by the electric heater to provide high-quality industrial heat supply;
the hot water generated after the saturated steam entering the domestic hot water heat exchanger exchanges heat provides low-quality domestic hot water heat for the outside;
(3) Heating the heat supply network backwater with the average temperature of 50 ℃ to 70 ℃ in a high back pressure condenser, then sending the heat supply network backwater into a smoke heat exchanger to heat the heat supply network backwater to 95 ℃, and then sending the heat supply network backwater to the heat supply network heater to supply heat to the outside and/or store the heat supply network backwater in a heat storage tank according to the requirements, so that the gradient heating of the heat supply network backwater is realized while the recovery of smoke waste heat is realized;
(4) When the coal-fired unit needs to be connected with high load, the heat storage tank releases heat to be supplied to the heat supply network heater, heat is directly supplied to the outside, the heat supply and steam extraction consumption is reduced, and the on-line electric load of the coal-fired unit is improved.
Further, in the step (1), when the power grid is in low load demand, the generator in the coal-fired unit directly starts the electrode boiler after providing a high-voltage power supply through the transformer, and the grid power load without being connected with the power grid is input into the electrode boiler to produce saturated steam; meanwhile, a communication pipeline is respectively arranged between the heat storage tank and the electrode boiler, the air separation cylinder, the steam-water heat exchanger, the steam superheater, the domestic hot water heat exchanger, the high back pressure condenser, the flue gas heat exchanger and the heat supply network heater.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) The invention is based on the principle of energy cascade utilization, and has higher economic benefit by heating hot water at the outlet of the high back pressure condenser to 95 ℃ by using the waste heat of flue gas, storing the heated hot water in the heat storage tank after cascade heating and supplying heat to the outside when the heat supply peak or electricity consumption peak.
2) According to the invention, the electrode boiler thermal decoupling module is arranged, when the coal-fired unit participates in deep peak shaving, the electrode boiler is started to supply heat to the outside or saturated steam generated by the electrode boiler is subjected to heat exchange and stored in the heat storage tank to realize the purpose of thermal decoupling, and the system is simple and independent and has high thermal decoupling capacity.
3) According to the invention, the heat storage tank is arranged, so that the heat storage tank can directly store the heat generated by the electrode boiler, the heat recovered by the flue gas waste heat and the heat of hot water at the outlet of the first station of the heat supply network according to the load of the coal-fired unit and the external heat supply demand, the system operation mode is flexible, and the economy of heat storage can be improved.
4) The heat storage tank provided by the invention can improve the thermal decoupling characteristic of the coal-fired unit through the peak-load-eliminating function, can improve the capacity of participating in deep peak regulation during the heat supply of the coal-fired unit, can supply heat to the outside through the heat storage tank when the coal-fired unit needs to be connected with high load, can reduce the steam consumption of a heat supply network heater, and can improve the load carrying capacity of the unit.
5) According to the invention, the heat generated by the electrode boiler, the heat recovered by the flue gas waste heat or the heat of hot water at the outlet of the heat supply head station can be stored in the heat storage tank, and when the coal-fired unit fails or a heat supply failure occurs, the heat can be supplied to the outside through the heat storage tank, so that the heat supply guarantee capacity and the maximum heat supply capacity of the unit are improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive faculty for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a layout diagram of a deep peak shaving energy supply system for power generation by thermal decoupling of a coal-fired unit;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the method for supplying power generation deep peak shaving energy by thermal decoupling of the coal-fired unit.
Description of the embodiments
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "inlet", "outlet", "upstream", etc. are directions or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention; the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, and further, unless otherwise expressly specified and defined, the terms "connected," "coupled," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
When the conventional coal-fired generator set operates in winter, in order to meet the external heat supply requirement of the generator set and the safety of the operation of the generator set, the generator set determines the electric load of the generator set according to a heat-to-electricity operation mode, namely, the heat load, and the generator set needs to be operated above a certain load, so that the capacity of the coal-fired generator set for participating in power supply and generation deep peak regulation is limited.
Therefore, the invention provides a thermal-decoupling power generation depth peak regulation energy supply system of a coal-fired unit, which is hereinafter referred to as: the system mainly comprises an electrode boiler thermal decoupling module, a flue gas waste heat recovery module, a heat storage module, an industrial steam supply module and a domestic hot water module, wherein the modules are mutually independent and are mutually coupled for use, and the thermal decoupling characteristic of the system is solved and the reliability of system heat supply and the economical efficiency of system heat supply are ensured through the combination of adjusting the system and the optimization of operation parameters.
The invention optimizes operation parameters, relates to two units, and specifically takes spot transaction, high electricity price and severe cold period as an example to illustrate the working conditions of the No. 1 unit, namely high back pressure and high load operation, the output of the electric load is about 280MW, the No. 2 unit extracts a small amount of steam for heat supply, and the electric load can also maintain the upper limit operation of 310 MW. When the heat supply is insufficient in the severe cold period, the heat storage tank is required to release heat to be supplied to the heat supply network. In order to avoid the high back pressure heat supply operation economy, the heat storage tank backwater is preferably heat supply network circulating water after the high back pressure, and the yielding water is heat storage tank hot water. And when the heat supply capacity is rich in the initial and final cold periods, the heat storage tank stores heat of the heat supply network water at the first station of the recovery heat supply network, and the heat supply network backwater at 50 ℃ returns to the high back pressure inlet.
Specifically, in this scheme, as shown in fig. 1, the thermal-electrolytic coupling power generation depth peak regulation energy supply system of the coal-fired unit of the invention includes: the device comprises a generator, an electrode boiler thermal decoupling module, a flue gas waste heat recovery module, a heat storage module, an industrial steam supply module and a domestic hot water module. The coal-fired unit in the scheme is a coal-fired generator unit, and the coal-fired generator unit comprises a generator and an industrial boiler.
The electrode boiler thermal decoupling module comprises an electrode boiler 2, a steam-water heat exchanger 4, a transformer 1 for providing high-voltage power for the electrode boiler 2 and a steam separation cylinder 3 for realizing distribution and convergence of saturated steam generated by the electrode boiler 2. The electrode boiler 2 is connected with the power output end of a generator in the coal-fired unit, and is used for inputting a grid power load which is not on the grid into the electrode boiler 2 when the power grid is in low load demand, and hot water generated by saturated steam generated by the electrode boiler 2 after heat exchange in the steam-water heat exchanger 4 is conveyed to the heat grid heater 11 to supply heat to the outside and/or stored in the heat storage tank 6 according to the demand, so that the purpose of thermal electrolytic coupling is realized.
As a preferred scheme of the scheme, a sub-cylinder 3 is arranged between the electrode boiler 2 and the steam-water heat exchanger 4, the sub-cylinder 3 is arranged at the upstream of the steam-water heat exchanger 4, and three branches are arranged at the outlet of the sub-cylinder 3, wherein the first branch is communicated with the steam-water heat exchanger 4, and the steam-water heat exchanger 4 directly conveys heat exchanged hot water to the heat supply network heater 11 to supply heat to the outside as required, or stores the heat exchanged hot water in the heat storage tank 6 through the heat storage water pump 5; and the steam-water heat exchanger 4 further returns condensed water condensed after heat exchange of saturated steam to the electrode boiler 2 to serve as working medium of internal circulation.
In the solution of the invention, the electrode boiler 2 is preferably an electrode steam boiler.
According to the deep peak regulation energy supply system for power generation by the thermal-electrolysis coupling of the coal-fired unit, when the electric network has low electric load demand, the electrode boiler 2 can be directly started, and part of electric load is sent to the electrode boiler 2 to generate saturated steam, so that the on-line electric load of the unit is reduced. The saturated steam generated by the electrode boiler 2 is condensed into condensed water after heat exchange by the steam-water heat exchanger 4, and returns to the electrode boiler 2, and after heat exchange, external heat supply is realized, so that the purpose of thermal electrolytic coupling is achieved.
The heat storage module is used as a core connecting hub of the invention, can realize the storage and release of heat energy, and plays a role in eliminating peaks and filling valleys in a system. The heat storage module at least comprises a heat storage tank 6 and a heat storage water pump 5, wherein the heat storage tank 6 can store heat generated by the electrode boiler 2 and also can store flue gas waste heat recovered by the flue gas waste heat recovery module. Therefore, the invention is provided with the communication pipelines between the heat storage module and the electrode boiler thermal-electrolytic coupling module as well as between the heat storage module and the industrial steam supply module as well as between the heat storage module and the domestic hot water module.
When the heat of the electrode boiler 2 is stored in the heat storage tank 6, heat network backwater at 50 ℃ at the inlet of the high back pressure condenser 9 exchanges heat with steam from the steam-water separation cylinder 3 through the steam-water heat exchanger 4, and heated hot water is stored in the heat storage tank 6 through the heat storage water pump 5. When the waste heat of the flue gas is stored, the hot water from the outlet of the high back pressure condenser 9 and the flue gas are subjected to heat exchange through the flue gas heat exchanger 12 and then further heated, and the heated high-temperature hot water is stored into the heat storage tank 6 through the heat storage water pump 5. In the heat storage process, hot water enters the tank body through the upper part of the heat storage tank 6, and 50 ℃ heat supply network backwater is discharged to an inlet pipeline of the high back pressure condenser 9 through the booster pump 7.
The design of the conventional power station industrial boiler has the exhaust temperature of about 120 ℃, the actual exhaust temperature is generally 130-140 ℃, a large amount of flue gas waste heat is not effectively utilized, and the conventional low-temperature economizer can only be used as the extraction steam of a displacement low-adding system because of lower quality of the recovered flue gas waste heat, so that the utilization quality of the flue gas waste heat is reduced.
The flue gas waste heat recovery module at least comprises a flue gas heat exchanger 12 and a high back pressure condenser 9, wherein the flue gas heat exchanger 12 is arranged at an outlet of an air preheater 13 of a coal-fired unit industrial boiler, hot water at 70 ℃ from the outlet of the high back pressure condenser 9 is input into the flue gas heat exchanger 12 through a hot net circulating pump 10 to be heated and then is raised to 95 ℃, and then is conveyed to a hot net heater 11 to supply heat to the outside and/or be stored in a heat storage tank 6 according to the requirement, so that comprehensive supply of energy is realized; and then, the flue gas after the waste heat utilization is discharged through a chimney 17 after being treated by a series of procedures of the dust remover 14, the induced draft fan 15 and the desulfurizer 16.
The hot water at the inlet of the high back pressure condenser 9 comes from heat supply network backwater, the average temperature of the heat supply network backwater is 50 ℃, the heat supply network backwater at 50 ℃ is heated to 70 ℃ in the high back pressure condenser 9 at first, then is heated to 95 ℃ through the flue gas heat exchanger 12 for the second time, and can be further heated to 110 ℃ through the heat supply network heater 11 in the winter heat supply cold stage, so that the gradient heating of the heat supply network backwater is realized, and the comprehensive utilization efficiency of energy is improved.
In addition, in order to improve the heat economy of the heat supply network of the system operation, a communication pipeline is also arranged between the outlet of the heat supply network head station and the heat storage water pump 5, and when the external required heat supply amount is small, the hot water at the outlet of the heat supply network head station can be directly stored in the heat storage tank 6, so that the recovery of low-quality heat is realized.
In order to further expand the comprehensive energy benefit of the electrode boiler, the second branch arranged at the outlet of the steam dividing cylinder 3 is communicated with the industrial steam supply module. The industrial steam supply module at least comprises a steam superheater 8, and the steam superheater 8 utilizes an electric heater to heat the saturated steam generated by the electrode boiler 2 again and then provides high-quality industrial heat for the outside.
Furthermore, in order to improve the comprehensive performance of the system, the invention also provides a domestic hot water module for the system and provides a low-quality heat source. The invention communicates the third branch arranged at the outlet of the air dividing cylinder 3 with the domestic hot water module. The domestic hot water module at least comprises a domestic hot water heat exchanger 18, and the domestic hot water heat exchanger 18 externally provides low-quality domestic hot water heat after the saturated steam generated by the electrode boiler 2 is subjected to heat exchange by the domestic hot water heat exchanger 18. The heat for domestic hot water may be directly supplied from the heat storage tank 6.
According to the invention, the problem of decoupling of heat supply Ji Re of the coal-fired unit is solved through the modules, the capacity of the coal-fired unit for participating in deep peak regulation is improved, and meanwhile, the heat storage tank is used as an intermediate connection link to realize heat storage and release, so that the problem of unbalance between power generation and power supply of the coal-fired unit is solved on one hand; on the other hand, the heat storage tank is used as an intermediate connecting hub, so that the economical efficiency and the reliability of the operation of the heating system are improved. The flue gas waste heat recovery module can directly supply heat to the outside, and can also store in the heat storage tank when the heat supply is rich, and directly supply heat to the outside when the external heat supply capacity is required to be further increased. The industrial steam supply module and the domestic hot water module can further increase the comprehensive functions of the system, and the purpose of high-efficiency utilization of comprehensive energy is achieved.
As shown in fig. 2, on the basis of the above-mentioned coal-fired unit thermal-electric-coupling power generation depth peak regulation energy supply system, the invention also provides a coal-fired unit thermal-electric-coupling power generation depth peak regulation energy supply method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Under the operation mode of the coal-fired unit according to the heat-electricity-fixing, when a power grid is in low-load demand, a generator in the coal-fired unit directly starts an electrode boiler 2 after providing a high-voltage power supply through a transformer 1, the grid-electricity load which is not connected with the power grid is input into the electrode boiler 2 to generate saturated steam, and the saturated steam is converged into a steam separation cylinder 3;
(2) The saturated steam in the sub-cylinder 3 is distributed by selecting one branch or two branches or three branches according to the energy demand, and the distributed saturated steam is respectively sent to the steam-water heat exchanger 4, the steam superheater 8 and the domestic hot water heat exchanger 18, wherein:
the hot water generated after the heat exchange of the saturated steam entering the steam-water heat exchanger 4 is sent to the heat supply network heater 11 to supply heat to the outside and/or stored in the heat storage tank 6 according to the requirement to realize the function of thermal electrolytic coupling, and the condensed water after the heat exchange is returned to the electrode boiler 2 to be used as the working medium of internal circulation;
saturated steam entering the steam superheater 8 is heated by an electric heater to provide high-quality industrial heat supply;
the saturated steam entering the domestic hot water heat exchanger 18 exchanges heat to generate hot water, and the hot water provides low-quality domestic hot water heat for the outside;
(3) Heating the heat supply network backwater with the average temperature of 50 ℃ to 70 ℃ in a high back pressure condenser 9, then sending the heat supply network backwater into a smoke heat exchanger 12 to heat the heat supply network backwater to 95 ℃, and then sending the heat supply network backwater to a heat supply network heater 11 to supply heat to the outside and/or store the heat supply network backwater in a heat storage tank 6 according to the requirement, so that the cascade heating of the heat supply network backwater is realized while the recovery of smoke waste heat is realized;
(4) When the coal-fired unit needs to be connected with high load, the heat storage tank 6 releases heat to be supplied to the heat supply network heater 11, and the heat is directly supplied to the outside, so that the heat supply and steam extraction amount is reduced, and the on-line electric load of the coal-fired unit is improved.
In the above-mentioned supply method, the heat storage tank 6 is provided with communication pipes respectively with the electrode boiler 2, the steam separation cylinder 3, the steam-water heat exchanger 4, the steam superheater 8, the domestic hot water heat exchanger 18, the high back pressure condenser 9, the flue gas heat exchanger 12, and the heat supply network heater 11.
The technical scheme of the invention is described in detail below in combination with a specific practical application mode.
The embodiment provides an application scheme of the invention, taking a 330MW coal-fired unit as an example. When the coal-fired unit operates in winter, in order to meet the external heat supply requirement of the unit and the safety of the unit operation, the unit determines the electric load of the unit according to the operation mode of heat metering, namely the heat load, the unit needs to be operated above a certain load, and the capacity of the unit for participating in deep peak shaving is limited.
The unit of the case runs according to the upper limit and the lower limit of the electric load which can be checked and approved, the running interval of the electric load in the heating season is 210MW-310MW, and the running load interval in the heating extremely cold period is 220MW-280MW, so that the running load interval of the unit is greatly limited, and particularly, the capacity of the unit to participate in peak regulation of the electric market is severely restricted.
According to the invention, a 70MVA transformer 1 is newly added at an outlet of a generator, an electrode boiler 2 is arranged behind the transformer 1, the electrode boiler 2 is preferably an electrode steam boiler, the capacity of the electrode boiler 2 is preferably 60MW, a gas separation cylinder 3 is arranged behind the electrode boiler to play roles in converging and distributing steam, three branches are arranged at the outlet of the gas separation cylinder 3, a first branch is connected with a steam-water heat exchanger 4, saturated steam can be generated after the electrode boiler 2 is started, the saturated steam pressure is 1.2MPa, the temperature is 188 ℃, and the steam flow is 81t/h under rated output. The hot water generated by the saturated steam after heat exchange in the steam-water heat exchanger 4 is reliably and directly sent to the heat supply network heater 11 as required, and then directly supplies heat to the outside, and can also be stored in the heat storage tank 6 through the heat storage water pump 5, and the saturated steam is condensed into condensed water after heat exchange and returned to the working medium inlet of the electrode boiler 2 to be used as an internal circulation working medium. In order to further expand the comprehensive energy benefit of the electrode boiler, a steam superheater 8 is arranged on a second path of the outlet of the steam separation cylinder 3, the capacity of the steam superheater 8 is preferably 7.5MW, and the temperature of 20t saturated steam can be superheated to superheated steam with the temperature not lower than 320 ℃, so that the demand of supplying steam to the external industry is met. The steam superheater 8 is powered by the transformer 1 and powered by an electric heater. When the electric network has lower electric load demand, the unit in the case needs to participate in deep peak regulation of the electric power market, the electrode boiler 2 is started, and when the electrode boiler 2 is full of power, saturated steam of about 80t/h can be generated, the on-line electric load of the unit can be reduced by 60MW, the on-line electric load of the unit can be reduced from the original lower operation limit of 210MW to 150MW in case, and the thermoelectric decoupling capacity of the unit is greatly improved. The saturated steam generated by the electrode boiler 2 is condensed into condensed water after heat exchange by the steam-water heat exchanger 4, and returns to the electrode boiler 2, and after heat exchange, external heat supply is realized, so that the purpose of thermal electrolytic coupling is achieved.
The heat storage tank 6 is used as a core connecting hub of the invention, can realize the storage and release of heat energy, and plays a role in eliminating peaks and filling valleys in the system. The heat storage is mainly used for solving the problem of thermal decoupling, and is mainly used for coordinating the contradictory relation between the supply and demand of the unit and the external heat supply market. In this case, the heat storage tank 6 is preferably an atmospheric heat storage tank with relatively simple structure and low investment cost, and the capacity is preferably 10000m 3 . The heat storage tank 6 can store heat generated by the electrode boiler 2 and also can store flue gas waste heat recovered by the flue gas waste heat recovery system. The design exhaust temperature of the conventional power station boiler is about 120 ℃, the actual exhaust temperature is generally 130-140 ℃, a large amount of flue gas waste heat is not effectively utilized, and the conventional low-temperature economizer can only be used as the exhaust gas of a displacement low-adding system because the quality of the recovered flue gas waste heat is lower, so that the quality of the flue gas waste heat utilization is reduced. In this case, the flue gas heat exchanger 12 is arranged at the outlet of the air preheater 13, the refrigerant medium of the flue gas heat exchanger 12 is preferably hot water at the outlet of the high back pressure condenser 9, the temperature of the hot water at the outlet of the high back pressure condenser 9 is 70 ℃, the requirement of the flue gas heat exchanger 12 on the temperature of the refrigerant medium is met, the hot water at 70 ℃ is heated to 95 ℃ after being subjected to step heating by the flue gas heat exchanger 12, and the hot water is sent to the inlet of the heat storage water pump 5 to be stored in the heat storage tank 6 for heat storage. Meanwhile, in order to improve the thermal economy of the operation of the heat storage system, the heat storage system is arranged in a heat supply networkAnd a communication pipeline is arranged between the outlet of the heater 11 and the heat storage water pump 5, so that hot water at the outlet of the heat supply network heater 11 can be directly stored in the heat storage tank 6 when the external required heat supply is less, and the recovery of low-quality heat is realized.
Analysis of the Heat accumulation Process of the Heat accumulation tank 6, the effective volume of the Heat accumulation tank 6 is preferably 10000m 3 The heat storage tank 6 is preferably an atmospheric hot water storage tank, the heat release temperature is designed according to 95 ℃, the heat storage temperature is 50 ℃ according to the return water temperature of a heat supply network, the heat storage and release temperature difference is 45 ℃ and 10000m 3 The effective utilization coefficient of the hot water is considered according to 0.9, the heat storage tank 6 can store 460000kWh of heat, the heat stored in the heat storage tank 6 can be from the electrode boiler 2, the flue gas waste heat can be recovered by the flue gas heat exchanger 12, and the heat supply hot water after the heat supply network heater 11 can be directly supplied, and the heat storage time is about 4-4.5 hours according to different heat storage heat source sources.
The analysis of the exothermic process of the heat storage tank 6 can effectively store 460000kWh of heat by the heat storage tank 6, and mainly solves the following contradiction between supply and demand:
the heat supply guarantee capability of the unit is increased, and the heat supply capability of the whole plant is enlarged.
And in the first heat release operation mode, the heat supply and cold supply period is a single machine heat supply operation. The heat storage tank 6 releases heat to realize the heat supply capacity of the machine. During the severe cold period of heat supply, a unit has temporary faults, the whole plant No. 1 unit supplies heat, the electrode boiler 2 supplements heat supply operation, and the heat storage tank 6 releases heat for operation. If at 10000m 3 For the design of the reference capacity, the exothermic condition can be maintained for about 2.5 hours, i.e. the heat supply requirement of the single machine can be met for about 2.5 hours at most. When two units supply heat, one unit can participate in market depth peak shaving when 200MW heat supply is temporarily needed to be increased. At the moment, the machine No. 1 runs at high back pressure and full load, the electrode boiler supplements heat supply running, and the heat storage tank 6 is in a heat release running mode. If at 10000m 3 For the design capacity benchmark, the exothermic operating condition may be maintained for about 1.25 hours.
The spot transaction has high electricity price, and the profitability of the whole factory is improved.
In the spot transaction mode, when the online electricity price is high, it is desirable to increase the online electricity amount as much as possible, and the heat storage tank 6 is in the heat release mode. The high back pressure and high load operation of the No. 1 unit is set, the output of the electric load is about 310MW, the No. 2 unit extracts a small amount of steam for heat supply, and the electric load can also maintain the upper limit operation of 310 MW. In the severe cold stage, the heat supply is insufficient, the heat storage tank 6 needs to release heat to be supplied to the outlet of the heat supply network heater 11, and heat is directly supplied to the outside. If 10000m is used as a design standard of the capacity of the heat storage tank, and the quality requirement of the temperature of the heat supply outlet is not considered, the heat release working condition can be maintained for about 3.0 hours, and the heat storage working condition needs to be stored in the water storage tank for about 4.5 hours.
In order to improve the comprehensive performance of the system in the case, a domestic hot water module is further arranged in the case, and a low-quality heat source is provided. The third branch is arranged on the steam cylinder 3, the domestic hot water vapor-water heat exchanger 18 is arranged on the third branch, saturated steam generated by the electrode boiler 2 is collected into the steam cylinder 3, and heat exchange is completed in the domestic hot water vapor-water heat exchanger 18 through the third branch, so that domestic hot water or low-quality industrial heat can be externally provided, and in addition, the domestic hot water can also be directly provided by the heat storage tank 6.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements or changes may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a coal-fired unit thermal-decoupling power generation degree of depth peak regulation energy supply system, includes: the generator is characterized in that: the method also comprises the following steps:
the electrode boiler thermal-decoupling module at least comprises an electrode boiler and a steam-water heat exchanger, wherein the electrode boiler is connected with the power output end of the generator and is used for inputting a grid power load which is not on the grid into the electrode boiler when a power grid is in low load demand, and hot water generated by saturated steam generated by the electrode boiler after heat exchange in the steam-water heat exchanger is conveyed to a heat grid heater to supply heat to the outside and/or stored in a heat storage tank according to the demand, so that the purpose of thermal-decoupling is realized;
the flue gas waste heat recovery module at least comprises a flue gas heat exchanger and a high back pressure condenser, wherein the flue gas heat exchanger is arranged at an outlet of an air preheater of a coal-fired unit industrial boiler, hot water at 70 ℃ from the outlet of the Gao Beiya condenser is heated by the flue gas heat exchanger and then is raised to 95 ℃, and the hot water is conveyed to a heat supply network heater to supply heat to the outside and/or is stored in a heat storage tank according to the requirement, so that comprehensive supply of energy is realized; and
the heat storage module at least comprises a heat storage tank and a heat storage water pump and is used for storing and releasing hot water which is conveyed to the heat storage tank by the electrode boiler thermal decoupling module and the flue gas waste heat recovery module, so that efficient energy supply is further realized.
2. The coal-fired unit thermal-decoupling power generation depth peak shaving energy supply system according to claim 1, wherein the electrode boiler thermal-decoupling module further comprises: the steam generator comprises a transformer for providing high-voltage power for an electrode boiler and a steam separation cylinder for realizing distribution and convergence of saturated steam generated by the electrode boiler, wherein the steam separation cylinder is arranged at the upstream of the steam-water heat exchanger, and the electrode boiler is an electrode steam boiler.
3. The deep peak regulation energy supply system for power generation by thermal-electrolytic coupling of coal-fired unit according to claim 2, wherein the steam-water heat exchanger returns condensed water condensed after heat exchange of saturated steam to the electrode boiler as an internal circulation working medium.
4. The deep peak regulation energy supply system for power generation by thermal electrolysis coupling of the coal-fired unit according to claim 2, wherein the outlet of the gas separation cylinder is provided with three branches, wherein the first branch is communicated with a steam-water heat exchanger, the steam-water heat exchanger directly conveys heat-exchanged hot water to a heat supply network heater to supply heat according to the requirement, or the heat-exchanged hot water is stored in a heat storage tank through a heat storage water pump, so that the purpose of thermal electrolysis coupling is realized;
the second branch is communicated with an industrial steam supply module, the industrial steam supply module at least comprises a steam superheater, and the steam superheater utilizes an electric heater to heat saturated steam generated by the electrode boiler again and then externally provides high-quality industrial heat supply;
the third branch is communicated with the domestic hot water module, the domestic hot water module at least comprises a domestic hot water heat exchanger, and the domestic hot water heat exchanger externally provides low-quality domestic hot water heat after the saturated steam generated by the electrode boiler is subjected to heat exchange by the domestic hot water heat exchanger.
5. The deep peak regulation energy supply system for power generation by thermal-electrolytic coupling of coal-fired unit according to claim 4, wherein a heat supply network circulating pump is arranged at the outlet of the Gao Beiya condenser, and the heat supply network circulating pump inputs hot water with the temperature of 70 ℃ at the outlet of the high back pressure condenser into the flue gas heat exchanger for heating and then rises to 95 ℃.
6. The deep peak regulation energy supply system for power generation by thermal-electrolytic coupling of coal-fired units according to claim 5, wherein the hot water at the inlet of the Gao Beiya condenser is from heat supply network backwater, the average temperature of the heat supply network backwater is 50 ℃, the heat supply network backwater is heated to 70 ℃ in the high back pressure condenser first, and then is secondarily heated to 95 ℃ through the flue gas heat exchanger, so that the cascade heating of the heat supply network backwater is realized, and the comprehensive utilization efficiency of energy is improved.
7. The deep peak regulation energy supply system for power generation by thermal-electrolysis coupling of the coal-fired unit according to claim 6, wherein communication pipelines are respectively arranged between the heat storage module and the electrode boiler thermal-electrolysis coupling module, between the heat storage module and the electrode boiler thermal-electrolysis coupling module and between the heat storage module and the electrode thermal-electrolysis coupling module are respectively arranged between the heat storage module and the electrode thermal-electrolysis coupling module are respectively connected with the electrode thermal-electrolysis unit.
8. The deep peak shaving energy supply system for power generation by thermal-electrolytic coupling of coal-fired unit according to claim 7, wherein the electrode boiler has a capacity of 60MW, and the saturated steam pressure generated is 1.2MPa, the temperature is 188 ℃, and the amount of steam generated is equal to the amount of steam generatedThe steam flow is 81t/h under the fixed force; the capacity of the steam superheater is 7.5MW, and superheated steam with the temperature not lower than 320 ℃ is generated; the capacity of the heat storage tank is 10000m 3 。
9. The method for supplying power generation depth peak shaving energy by using the thermal-electrolytic coupling of the coal-fired unit, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Under the operation mode of the coal-fired unit according to the heat setting electricity, when the power grid is in low load demand, directly starting an electrode boiler, inputting the grid electricity load which is not connected with the power grid into the electrode boiler to generate saturated steam, and converging the saturated steam into a steam separation cylinder;
(2) The saturated steam in the sub-cylinder is distributed by selecting one branch or two branches or three branches according to the energy demand, and the distributed saturated steam is respectively sent to a steam-water heat exchanger, a steam superheater and a domestic hot water heat exchanger, wherein:
the hot water generated after the heat exchange of the saturated steam entering the steam-water heat exchanger is sent to a heat supply network heater to supply heat to the outside and/or stored in a heat storage tank according to the requirement to realize the function of thermal electrolytic coupling, and the condensed water after the heat exchange is returned to an electrode boiler to be used as an internal circulation working medium;
saturated steam entering the steam superheater is heated by the electric heater to provide high-quality industrial heat supply;
the hot water generated after the saturated steam entering the domestic hot water heat exchanger exchanges heat provides low-quality domestic hot water heat for the outside;
(3) Heating the heat supply network backwater with the average temperature of 50 ℃ to 70 ℃ in a high back pressure condenser, then sending the heat supply network backwater into a smoke heat exchanger to heat the heat supply network backwater to 95 ℃, and then sending the heat supply network backwater to the heat supply network heater to supply heat to the outside and/or store the heat supply network backwater in a heat storage tank according to the requirements, so that the gradient heating of the heat supply network backwater is realized while the recovery of smoke waste heat is realized;
(4) When the coal-fired unit needs to be connected with high load, the heat storage tank releases heat to be supplied to the heat supply network heater, heat is directly supplied to the outside, the heat supply and steam extraction consumption is reduced, and the on-line electric load of the coal-fired unit is improved.
10. The method for supplying power generation depth peak regulation energy by thermal-electrolysis coupling of a coal-fired unit according to claim 9, wherein in the step (1), when a power grid is in low load demand, a generator in the coal-fired unit directly starts an electrode boiler after providing a high-voltage power supply through a transformer, and an off-grid power load is input into the electrode boiler to produce saturated steam; meanwhile, a communication pipeline is respectively arranged between the heat storage tank and the electrode boiler, the air separation cylinder, the steam-water heat exchanger, the steam superheater, the domestic hot water heat exchanger, the high back pressure condenser, the flue gas heat exchanger and the heat supply network heater.
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