CN116178848A - Medium-voltage cable intermediate joint material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Medium-voltage cable intermediate joint material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116178848A CN116178848A CN202310230723.XA CN202310230723A CN116178848A CN 116178848 A CN116178848 A CN 116178848A CN 202310230723 A CN202310230723 A CN 202310230723A CN 116178848 A CN116178848 A CN 116178848A
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- LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-tert-butyl peroxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/16—Elastomeric ethene-propene or ethene-propene-diene copolymers, e.g. EPR and EPDM rubbers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/002—Physical properties
- C08K2201/005—Additives being defined by their particle size in general
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/08—Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/14—Extreme weather resilient electric power supply systems, e.g. strengthening power lines or underground power cables
Abstract
The application relates to the field of new intermediate joint materials, and particularly discloses an intermediate joint material for a medium-voltage cable and a preparation method of the intermediate joint material. The intermediate joint material for the medium-voltage cable is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber; 10-20 parts of reinforcing resin; 10-15 parts of calcined clay; 3-6 parts of a cross-linking agent; 8-15 parts of flame retardant; 6-8 parts of lubricant; 4-10 parts of white carbon black; 6-12 parts of modified basalt fiber; the preparation method comprises the steps of mixing ethylene propylene diene monomer and reinforced resin for 10-15min, adding a cross-linking agent, a flame retardant and a lubricant, continuously mixing for 3-5min, adding white carbon black and modified basalt fiber, continuously mixing for 10-20min, mixing at 130-150 ℃ in the whole process, and finally extruding and granulating to obtain the intermediate joint material of the medium-voltage cable. The intermediate joint material of the medium-voltage cable is not easy to age rapidly under the action of electric heating combination after application, can keep good sealing performance more permanently and stably, and further keeps a circuit stable.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of new intermediate joint materials, in particular to an intermediate joint material for a medium-voltage cable and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The cable joint is also called a cable head. After the cable is laid, the sections must be connected as a unit in order to form a continuous line, and these points of connection are called cable joints. The cable joints in the middle of the cable line are called intermediate joints, while the cable joints at both ends of the line are called terminal heads. The cable connector is used for locking and fixing the incoming and outgoing lines, and plays a role in preventing water, dust and vibration.
The common cable joints are classified into the following types according to materials, namely plastic cable joints (nylon materials), metal cable joints (brass nickel plating materials), stainless steel cable joints (304 materials), and different materials are applied in different environments. The plastic cable connector is mainly made of plastic and rubber, so that different types of raw materials can be conveniently selected according to different application scene requirements, and the plastic cable connector is simple in preparation method, low in overall cost and wide in application.
In view of the above, the inventor believes that the intermediate joint is scratched due to factors such as dragging and manufacturing process, and has a very large air gap in microscopic scale, and the local thickness is reduced, the electric field distribution is unbalanced, the electric field strength is increased, air gap discharge occurs, and heat is accumulated in the air gap, so that the intermediate joint is easily aged under the combined action of electric heat, and poor sealing is caused, so that moisture invades into the cable to cause circuit failure at the joint, and therefore, a scheme is needed to solve the above technical problem.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve stability of an intermediate joint against damage caused by an artificial air gap, the application provides an intermediate joint material for a medium voltage cable and a preparation method thereof.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a middle joint material for a medium voltage cable, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the intermediate joint material for the medium-voltage cable is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
60-80 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber;
10-20 parts of reinforcing resin;
10-15 parts of calcined clay;
3-6 parts of a cross-linking agent;
8-15 parts of flame retardant;
6-8 parts of lubricant;
4-10 parts of white carbon black;
6-12 parts of modified basalt fiber;
the modified basalt fiber is prepared by the following steps:
s1, taking an ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 30-50%, adding a silane coupling agent, uniformly mixing, adjusting the pH to 3-4 with acid, then adding basalt fiber, wherein the dosage of the silane coupling agent is 3-5% of the weight of the basalt fiber, standing for 40-60min, taking out, and heating for 1-2h at 100-200 ℃ after airing to obtain pretreated basalt fiber;
s2, mixing dopamine with saline to prepare 2-3g/L dopamine solution, adding carbon nano tubes into the dopamine solution, uniformly mixing to obtain 1.0-2.5g/L carbon nano tube modified liquid, adding pretreated basalt fibers, stirring and placing the mixture for 3-5h, taking out the mixture, washing the mixture with deionized water, and drying the mixture to obtain the modified basalt fibers, wherein the weight ratio of the carbon nano tubes to the basalt fibers is 1 (3.5-6.5).
By adopting the technical scheme, the ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber and the reinforced resin can form a stable mixed system, which is favorable for fully playing roles of other component raw materials in the mixed system, and further is favorable for obtaining the medium-voltage cable intermediate joint material with stable performance. The calcined clay can endow the intermediate joint material of the medium-voltage cable with excellent insulativity, the white carbon black can endow the intermediate joint material of the medium-voltage cable with excellent structural strength, and the modified basalt fiber can keep the intermediate joint material of the medium-voltage cable with excellent stability under the combined action of electric heat. In the preparation process of the modified basalt fiber, firstly, a silane coupling agent is used for modifying the surface of the basalt fiber, so that a coupling agent layer is formed on the surface of the fiber; and then, adhering dopamine on the surface of the carbon nano tube, and stably grafting the dopamine on the surface of the basalt fiber by utilizing the self-polymerization effect of the dopamine, so as to obtain a hybrid of the carbon nano tube and the basalt fiber, wherein the hybrid can be uniformly dispersed in a mixed system, has excellent combination property and has excellent ageing resistance under the action of electric heating. The preparation and application of the special modified basalt fiber enable the middle joint material of the medium-voltage cable to be difficult to accelerate aging under the combined action of electric heat, so that good sealing performance can be kept in a lasting and stable mode, and further stability of a circuit is kept.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the carbon nano tube to the basalt fiber is 1:5.
By adopting the technical scheme, the carbon nano tube and the basalt fiber with the weight ratio can have an excellent matching effect, so that the obtained modified basalt fiber is more stable under the combined action of electric heat, and the ageing resistance of the middle joint material of the middle cable under the combined action of electric heat is improved most excellent.
Preferably, the diameter of the carbon nano tube is 10-30nm, and the length is 1-3mm; the diameter of the basalt fiber is 10-20 mu m, and the length of the basalt fiber is 9-15mm.
By adopting the technical scheme, in the preparation of the modified basalt fiber, the carbon nano tube and the basalt fiber with the specifications can load the carbon nano tube with relatively uniform and compact surface of the basalt fiber, so that the intermediate joint material of the medium-voltage cable can exert relatively excellent and stable ageing resistance under the combined action of electric heat.
Preferably, the raw materials of the intermediate joint material of the medium-voltage cable are further added with 6-14 parts by weight of functional auxiliary agents, wherein the functional auxiliary agents consist of polymethyl methacrylate and graphene, and the weight ratio of the polymethyl methacrylate to the graphene is (3-8): 1.
By adopting the technical scheme, the polymethyl methacrylate has excellent processing performance and insulating performance, can effectively cope with air gap discharge, but the polymethyl methacrylate has lower heat deformation temperature, can not cope with heat accumulation well, and has good advantage and disadvantage complementation effect due to the fact that graphene is added into the polymethyl methacrylate to be taken as a good customer service. Meanwhile, the mixed use of polymethyl methacrylate and graphene can bring excellent compound synergy, modified basalt fibers are taken as a framework, a mutually-interweaved and continuous protection network is formed, further excellent resistance performance is shown when corrosion under the combined action of electric heat is dealt with, the ageing resistance performance of the middle joint material of the medium-voltage cable is greatly improved, and durable and stable sealing is kept in the application process, so that the stable operation of a circuit is ensured.
Preferably, the weight ratio of polymethyl methacrylate to graphene is 6:1.
By adopting the technical scheme, the functional auxiliary agent composed of the polymethyl methacrylate and the graphene in the proportion has excellent matching effect with the modified basalt fiber in the application process, and can exert stable and excellent electrothermal aging resistance lifting effect.
Preferably, the reinforced resin is one or a combination of more of polystyrene resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, polyamide resin, phenolic resin and polytetrafluoroethylene resin.
By adopting the technical scheme, the reinforced resins of the types have different self characteristics respectively, and the corresponding reinforced resins are selected or combined for use according to different application scenes, so that the middle joint material of the medium-voltage cable has wider applicability when the whole structure is reinforced.
Preferably, the cross-linking agent is one or a combination of a plurality of dicumyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, dicumyl hydroperoxide and di-tert-butyl peroxide.
By adopting the technical scheme, the cross-linking agent of the type can fully play a role in a mixed system formed by ethylene propylene diene monomer and reinforcing resin in the application process, so that the intermediate joint material of the medium-voltage cable has relatively excellent structural strength.
Preferably, the flame retardant is one or a combination of a plurality of tributyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide and antimony trioxide.
By adopting the technical scheme, the flame retardant of the type can fully combine other raw material components, has good dispersibility in a mixed system formed by ethylene propylene diene monomer and reinforced resin, and further can play an excellent and stable flame retardant effect.
Preferably, the lubricant is one or a combination of more of polyethylene wax, butyl stearate, microcrystalline paraffin and stearate.
By adopting the technical scheme, the above-mentioned types of lubricants can fully mix and combine the raw materials of all components in the application process, so that the intermediate joint material of the medium-voltage cable has excellent fluidity and excellent overall processability when being applied.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing an intermediate joint material of a medium voltage cable, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the preparation method of the intermediate joint material of the medium voltage cable comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing raw materials comprising ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber, reinforcing resin, calcined clay, a cross-linking agent, a flame retardant, a lubricant, white carbon black and modified basalt fiber according to a proportion;
(2) Mixing the ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber and the reinforced resin in the step (1) for 10-15min, adding a cross-linking agent, a flame retardant and a lubricant, continuously mixing for 3-5min, adding white carbon black and modified basalt fiber, continuously mixing for 10-20min, wherein the whole mixing temperature is 130-150 ℃, and finally extruding and granulating to obtain the intermediate joint material of the medium-voltage cable.
By adopting the technical scheme, the intermediate joint material of the medium-voltage cable has fewer preparation steps and simple process, and is convenient for large-scale production. Meanwhile, the raw materials of the components are used step by step in the mixing process, so that the quality control in the process is facilitated, the raw materials can be fully mixed, and the intermediate joint material of the medium-voltage cable with excellent and stable quality can be obtained.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the modified basalt fiber, the specially prepared modified basalt fiber is adopted, the carbon nano tube is loaded on the surface of the basalt fiber, and a hybrid formed by the carbon nano tube and the basalt fiber is utilized to form a stable network in the middle joint material of the medium voltage cable so as to resist the ageing effect under the combination of electric heat, so that the middle joint material of the medium voltage cable is not easy to age when encountering the defect generated by an artificial air gap in the actual application process, the good sealing performance can be kept more permanently and stably, and the stable operation of a circuit is facilitated to be maintained;
2. the functional auxiliary agent composed of polymethyl methacrylate and graphene according to a specific proportion is adopted, so that the two raw materials can be complementary in advantages and disadvantages, a compound synergistic effect can be achieved among the two raw materials, the modified basalt fiber is used as a framework, a mutually-interweaved continuous protection network is formed, adverse effects brought by the electrothermal combined effect can be better coped, and ageing resistance of the middle-voltage cable middle joint material is greatly improved.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to examples.
The raw materials used in the examples of the present application are all commercially available except for the specific descriptions:
the silane coupling agent is purchased from KH-550 type silane coupling agent;
basalt fiber was purchased from Thailand Yangcomposite Co., ltd, at a density of 2.80g/cm 3 ，
The carbon nanotubes were purchased from aminated multi-walled carbon nanotubes, shanghai Yuan Yes Biotechnology Co., ltd;
polymethyl methacrylate was purchased as LGHP202;
graphene is purchased from CRG1210, a new carbon material of the company Changzhou, of the same name;
ethylene propylene diene monomer is purchased from the dow EPDM 3722P;
polystyrene resin was purchased from thailand petrochemical HI630;
polyamide resins were purchased from suwei a 205f BLACK 21n;
polytetrafluoroethylene resin is available from PTFE PolyFLON D-3B, dai Jin Fuhua.
Examples of preparation of starting materials and/or intermediates
Preparation example 1
A modified basalt fiber, which is prepared by the steps of:
s1, taking an ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 40%, adding a silane coupling agent, uniformly mixing, adjusting the pH to 3.5 with acid, then adding basalt fiber, wherein the dosage of the silane coupling agent is 4% of the weight of the basalt fiber, standing for 50min, taking out, airing, and heating at 150 ℃ for 1.5h to obtain pretreated basalt fiber;
s2, mixing dopamine with saline to prepare 2.5g/L dopamine solution, adding carbon nanotubes into the dopamine solution, uniformly mixing to obtain 1.75g/L carbon nanotube modified liquid, adding pretreated basalt fibers into the modified liquid, stirring and placing the mixture for 4 hours, taking out the mixture, washing the mixture with deionized water, and drying the mixture to obtain the modified basalt fibers.
Note that: the diameter of the carbon nano tube in the step is 20nm, and the length is 2mm; the diameter of the basalt fiber is 15 mu m, and the length of the basalt fiber is 12mm.
Preparation example 2
A modified basalt fiber, which is prepared by the steps of:
s1, taking an ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 30%, adding a silane coupling agent, uniformly mixing, adjusting the pH to 3 with acid, then adding basalt fiber, wherein the dosage of the silane coupling agent is 3% of the weight of the basalt fiber, standing for 60min, taking out, airing, and heating at 100 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain pretreated basalt fiber;
s2, mixing dopamine with saline to prepare 2g/L dopamine solution, adding carbon nano tubes into the dopamine solution, uniformly mixing to obtain 1.0g/L carbon nano tube modified liquid, adding pretreated basalt fibers into the modified liquid, stirring and placing the mixture for 5 hours, taking out the mixture, washing the mixture with deionized water, and drying the mixture to obtain the modified basalt fibers.
Preparation example 3
A modified basalt fiber, which is prepared by the steps of:
s1, taking an ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 50%, adding a silane coupling agent, uniformly mixing, adjusting the pH to 4 by using acid, then adding basalt fiber, wherein the dosage of the silane coupling agent is 5% of the weight of the basalt fiber, standing for 40min, taking out, airing, and heating at-200 ℃ for 1h to obtain pretreated basalt fiber;
s2, mixing dopamine with saline to prepare a 3g/L dopamine solution, adding carbon nanotubes into the dopamine solution, uniformly mixing to obtain 2.5g/L carbon nanotube modified liquid, adding pretreated basalt fibers into the modified liquid, stirring and placing the mixture for 3 hours, taking out the mixture, washing the mixture with deionized water, and drying the mixture to obtain the modified basalt fibers.
Preparation example 4
The modified basalt fiber is different from the preparation example 1 in that the weight ratio of the carbon nano tube to the basalt fiber is 1:3.5.
Preparation example 5
The modified basalt fiber is different from the preparation example 1 in that the weight ratio of the carbon nano tube to the basalt fiber is 1:6.5.
Preparation example 6
The modified basalt fiber is different from the preparation example 1 in that the weight ratio of the carbon nano tube to the basalt fiber is 1:5.
Preparation example 7
A modified basalt fiber, which is different from the preparation example 1 in that the diameter of the carbon nanotube is 10nm and the length is 1mm; the diameter of the basalt fiber is 10 mu m, and the length of the basalt fiber is 9mm.
Preparation example 8
A modified basalt fiber, which is different from preparation example 1 in that the diameter of the carbon nanotube is 30nm and the length is 3mm; the diameter of the basalt fiber is 20 mu m, and the length of the basalt fiber is 15mm.
Preparation example 9
A modified basalt fiber, which is different from preparation example 1 in that the diameter of the carbon nanotube is 5nm and the length is 0.5mm; the basalt fiber diameter is 5 mu m, and the basalt fiber length is 8mm.
Preparation example 10
A modified basalt fiber, which is different from the preparation example 1 in that the diameter of the carbon nanotube is 35nm and the length is 4mm; the diameter of the basalt fiber is 25 mu m, and the length of the basalt fiber is 16mm.
Examples
Example 1
The intermediate joint material for the medium voltage cable is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight as shown in table 1:
(1) Preparing raw materials comprising ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber, reinforcing resin, calcined clay, a cross-linking agent, a flame retardant, a lubricant, white carbon black and modified basalt fiber according to a proportion;
(2) Mixing the ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber and the reinforced resin in the step (1) for 10-15min (10 min is preferred in the embodiment), adding the cross-linking agent, the flame retardant and the lubricant, continuously mixing for 3-5min (5 min is preferred in the embodiment), adding the white carbon black and the modified basalt fiber, continuously mixing for 10-20min (15 min is preferred in the embodiment), mixing at 130-150 ℃ in the whole process (150 ℃ is preferred in the embodiment), and finally extruding and granulating to obtain the intermediate joint material of the medium-voltage cable.
Note that: the modified basalt fiber in the above step was obtained in preparation example 1. The reinforcing resin is polystyrene resin. The cross-linking agent is dicumyl peroxide. The flame retardant is aluminum hydroxide. The lubricant is polyethylene wax.
Examples 2 to 3
An intermediate joint material for medium voltage cables was different from example 1 in that the raw materials used for its preparation and their respective weights are shown in table 1.
Table 1 Each of the raw materials in examples 1 to 5 was in parts by weight (kg/part)
| Raw materials | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 |
| Ethylene propylene diene monomer | 70 | 60 | 80 |
| Reinforced resin | 15 | 10 | 20 |
| Calcined clay | 12.5 | 10 | 15 |
| Crosslinking agent | 4.5 | 3 | 6 |
| Flame retardant | 11.5 | 8 | 15 |
| Lubricant | 7 | 6 | 8 |
| White carbon black | 7 | 4 | 10 |
| Modified basalt fiber | 9 | 6 | 12 |
Example 4
An intermediate joint material for medium voltage cables is different from example 1 in that modified basalt fiber is obtained in preparation example 2.
Example 5
An intermediate joint material for medium voltage cables is different from example 1 in that modified basalt fiber is obtained in preparation example 3.
Example 6
An intermediate joint material for medium voltage cables was different from example 1 in that modified basalt fiber was obtained in preparation example 4.
Example 7
An intermediate joint material for medium voltage cables is different from example 1 in that modified basalt fiber is obtained in preparation example 5.
Example 8
An intermediate joint material for medium voltage cables was different from example 1 in that modified basalt fiber was obtained in preparation example 6.
Example 9
An intermediate joint material for medium voltage cables was different from example 1 in that modified basalt fiber was obtained in preparation example 7.
Example 10
An intermediate joint material for medium voltage cables is different from example 1 in that modified basalt fiber is obtained in preparation example 8.
Example 11
An intermediate joint material for medium voltage cables was different from example 1 in that modified basalt fiber was obtained in preparation example 9.
Example 12
An intermediate joint material for medium voltage cables was different from example 1 in that modified basalt fiber was obtained in preparation example 10.
Example 13
An intermediate joint material for medium voltage cables is different from example 1 in that the reinforcing resin is a composition of polyamide resin and polytetrafluoroethylene resin in a weight ratio of 1:1.
Example 14
An intermediate joint material for medium voltage cables differs from example 1 in that the cross-linking agent is dicumyl hydroperoxide.
Example 15
An intermediate joint material for medium voltage cables is different from example 1 in that the flame retardant is a composition of tributyl phosphate and antimony trioxide in a weight ratio of 1:1.
Example 16
An intermediate joint material for medium voltage cables differs from example 1 in that the lubricant is microcrystalline wax.
Example 17
The intermediate joint material of the medium voltage cable is different from the embodiment 1 in that 10 parts by weight of functional auxiliary agent is added while modified basalt fiber is added, and the functional auxiliary agent consists of polymethyl methacrylate and graphene according to the weight ratio of 6:1.
Example 18
An intermediate joint material for medium voltage cables is different from example 1 in that the functional auxiliary agent is added in 6 parts by weight.
Example 19
An intermediate joint material for medium voltage cables is different from example 1 in that the functional auxiliary agent is added in 14 parts by weight.
Example 20
The intermediate joint material of the medium voltage cable is different from the embodiment 1 in that the functional auxiliary agent consists of polymethyl methacrylate and graphene according to the weight ratio of 3:1.
Example 21
The intermediate joint material of the medium voltage cable is different from the embodiment 1 in that the functional auxiliary agent consists of polymethyl methacrylate and graphene according to the weight ratio of 8:1.
Example 22
The intermediate joint material of the medium voltage cable is different from the embodiment 1 in that the functional auxiliary agent consists of polymethyl methacrylate and graphene according to the weight ratio of 5.5:1.
Example 23
An intermediate joint material for medium voltage cables differs from example 1 in that the functional auxiliary agent is polymethyl methacrylate.
Example 24
An intermediate joint material for medium voltage cables is different from embodiment 1 in that the functional auxiliary agent is graphene.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
An intermediate joint material for medium voltage cables is different from example 1 in that the equivalent mass of modified basalt fiber is replaced by unmodified basalt fiber.
Comparative example 2
An intermediate joint material for medium voltage cables is different from example 1 in that the raw material does not contain modified basalt fibers.
Comparative example 3
An intermediate joint material for medium voltage cables differs from example 17 in that the raw material does not contain modified basalt fibers.
Performance test samples: the intermediate joint materials for medium voltage cables obtained in examples 1 to 24 were used as test samples 1 to 24, and the intermediate joint materials for medium voltage cables obtained in comparative examples 1 to 3 were used as control samples 1 to 3.
The test method comprises the following steps: adopting ZR-YJV 223X 95mm 8.7/15kV type cable, wherein the main insulation thickness is 3.4mm, exposing the end conductor, and then manufacturing scratches with the length of 40mm, the width of 1mm and the depth of 1mm at the position 30mm away from the end along the axial direction of the cable to obtain a test cable; and connecting the two sections of test cables by adopting a splicing method, and after the plastic intermediate connector made of medium-voltage cable intermediate connector materials is attached and sleeved at the connecting position, the two sections of the plastic intermediate connector are sealed by melting, the thickness of the plastic intermediate connector is 10mm, and the plastic intermediate connector completely covers scratches on the surface of the test cables, so that a standard sample is obtained. The standard samples corresponding to the test samples 1 to 24 and the control sample 3 were 20 pieces, respectively.
And cutting a dumbbell-shaped sheet with a certain size from the surface of a standard sample according to the requirements of the standard GB/T1040-2006 by adopting a universal tensile testing machine, wherein the sheet is an intermediate joint material of a medium voltage cable, and measuring the tensile strength. 10 pieces of the standard samples of the test samples 1 to 24 and the control samples 1 to 3 were each subjected to a tensile strength test, and the average value was recorded as the initial strength.
And then taking an aging test box, introducing a high-voltage lead into the aging test box, wherein a sleeve is arranged on the high-voltage lead, the tail part of the high-voltage lead is connected with a ground wire, and the ground wire is placed on an insulating bracket, so that an instrument capable of realizing electric heating combined aging can be obtained. Taking 10 standard samples of the test samples 1-24 and the control samples 1-3, and performing an accelerated aging test according to the standard GB/T11026.1-2016 at the voltage of 10kV and the temperature of 135 ℃ in the process, wherein the aging period is 30d. The above tensile strength measurement operation was repeated, and the average value was recorded as the aged strength.
Finally, the tensile strength loss rates of the test samples 1 to 24 and the control samples 1 to 3 were calculated correspondingly, and the tensile strength loss rate= (initial strength-aged strength)/initial strength was recorded in table 2. The integral test adopts the form simulation of electric and thermal aging, and the aging state of the intermediate joint material of the medium-voltage cable is represented by the tensile strength loss rate of mechanical properties.
TABLE 2 test results for test samples 1-24 and control samples 1-3
By combining examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 and combining Table 2, the application adopts specially prepared modified basalt fiber, so that the intermediate joint material of the medium voltage cable can show excellent ageing resistance under the combined action of electric heat, and the tensile strength loss rate obtained by the whole test is lower. And the quality of the modified basalt fiber is replaced by that of the unmodified basalt fiber, so that the excellent effect brought by the modified basalt fiber is far from being achieved. And by combining examples 4-8 and combining the basalt fibers in Table 2, when the weight ratio of the carbon nanotubes to the basalt fibers is 1:5, the obtained combination effect is excellent, so that the aging resistance brought by the application of the modified basalt fibers is optimal. By further combining examples 9 to 12 and combining those obtained in Table 2, the carbon nanotubes were 10 to 30nm in diameter and 1 to 3mm in length; the diameter of the basalt fiber is 10-20 mu m, and the length of the basalt fiber is 9-15mm; the method is more beneficial to ensuring that the obtained modified basalt fiber keeps excellent ageing resistance of the intermediate joint material of the medium-voltage cable under the combined action of electric heat when in application.
By combining the embodiment 1 and the embodiments 17-22 and combining the table 2, it can be seen that the ageing resistance of the intermediate joint material of the medium voltage cable under the combined action of electric heat can be greatly improved by using the functional auxiliary agent composed of polymethyl methacrylate and graphene according to a specific proportion, and the tensile strength loss rate obtained through experiments can be further reduced, wherein when the weight ratio of polymethyl methacrylate to graphene is 6:1, the improvement effect brought by the functional auxiliary agent is excellent. It can be seen from the combination of examples 23 to 24 and table 2 that when either polymethyl methacrylate or graphene is used alone as a functional auxiliary agent, the lifting effect is limited, and is far less than the excellent effect caused by compounding the polymethyl methacrylate and the graphene, the compounding of the polymethyl methacrylate and the graphene is not the superposition of simple effects, the technical effects of 1+1 > 2 can be brought between the polymethyl methacrylate and the graphene, and the overall progress effect is outstanding.
As can be seen by combining example 1, example 17, comparative example 2 and comparative example 3 and table 2, the modified basalt fiber and the functional auxiliary agent have excellent synergistic effect of complex configuration, and the test results show that the effect brought by singly using the modified basalt fiber or singly using the functional auxiliary agent is limited, and the lifting effect brought by the complex combination of the modified basalt fiber and the functional auxiliary agent is far greater than the lifting effect brought by singly using the modified basalt fiber and the functional auxiliary agent, which indicates that the mutual coordination between the modified basalt fiber and the functional auxiliary agent, so that the ageing resistance of the middle joint material of the cable under the electrothermal combination effect is remarkably improved.
The present embodiment is merely illustrative of the present application and is not intended to be limiting, and those skilled in the art, after having read the present specification, may make modifications to the present embodiment without creative contribution as required, but is protected by patent laws within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The intermediate joint material for the medium-voltage cable is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
60-80 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber;
10-20 parts of reinforcing resin;
10-15 parts of calcined clay;
3-6 parts of a cross-linking agent;
8-15 parts of flame retardant;
6-8 parts of lubricant;
4-10 parts of white carbon black;
6-12 parts of modified basalt fiber;
the modified basalt fiber is prepared by the following steps:
s1, taking an ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 30-50%, adding a silane coupling agent, uniformly mixing, adjusting the pH to 3-4 with acid, then adding basalt fiber, wherein the dosage of the silane coupling agent is 3-5% of the weight of the basalt fiber, standing for 40-60min, taking out, and heating for 1-2h at 100-200 ℃ after airing to obtain pretreated basalt fiber;
s2, mixing dopamine with saline to prepare 2-3g/L dopamine solution, adding carbon nano tubes into the dopamine solution, uniformly mixing to obtain 1.0-2.5g/L carbon nano tube modified liquid, adding pretreated basalt fibers, stirring and placing the mixture for 3-5h, taking out the mixture, washing the mixture with deionized water, and drying the mixture to obtain the modified basalt fibers, wherein the weight ratio of the carbon nano tubes to the basalt fibers is 1 (3.5-6.5).
2. The medium voltage cable intermediate joint material according to claim 1, wherein: the weight ratio of the carbon nano tube to the basalt fiber is 1:5.
3. The medium voltage cable intermediate joint material according to claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the carbon nano tube is 10-30nm, and the length is 1-3mm; the diameter of the basalt fiber is 10-20 mu m, and the length of the basalt fiber is 9-15mm.
4. The medium voltage cable intermediate joint material according to claim 1, wherein: the raw materials of the intermediate joint material of the medium-voltage cable are further added with 6-14 parts by weight of functional auxiliary agents, wherein the functional auxiliary agents consist of polymethyl methacrylate and graphene, and the weight ratio of the polymethyl methacrylate to the graphene is (3-8): 1.
5. The medium voltage cable intermediate joint material according to claim 4, wherein: the weight ratio of polymethyl methacrylate to graphene is 6:1.
6. The medium voltage cable intermediate joint material according to claim 1, wherein: the reinforced resin is one or a combination of more of polystyrene resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, polyamide resin, phenolic resin and polytetrafluoroethylene resin.
7. The medium voltage cable intermediate joint material according to claim 1, wherein: the cross-linking agent is one or a combination of more of dicumyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, dicumyl hydroperoxide and di-tert-butyl peroxide.
8. The medium voltage cable intermediate joint material according to claim 1, wherein: the flame retardant is one or a combination of a plurality of tributyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide and antimonous oxide.
9. The medium voltage cable intermediate joint material according to claim 1, wherein: the lubricant is one or a combination of more of polyethylene wax, butyl stearate, microcrystalline paraffin and stearate.
10. The method for preparing the intermediate joint material of the medium voltage cable according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Preparing raw materials comprising ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber, reinforcing resin, calcined clay, a cross-linking agent, a flame retardant, a lubricant, white carbon black and modified basalt fiber according to a proportion;
(2) Mixing the ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber and the reinforced resin in the step (1) for 10-15min, adding a cross-linking agent, a flame retardant and a lubricant, continuously mixing for 3-5min, adding white carbon black and modified basalt fiber, continuously mixing for 10-20min, wherein the whole mixing temperature is 130-150 ℃, and finally extruding and granulating to obtain the intermediate joint material of the medium-voltage cable.
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