CN116167907B - Pixel filling rate testing method based on progressive approximation - Google Patents
Pixel filling rate testing method based on progressive approximation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116167907B CN116167907B CN202310430747.XA CN202310430747A CN116167907B CN 116167907 B CN116167907 B CN 116167907B CN 202310430747 A CN202310430747 A CN 202310430747A CN 116167907 B CN116167907 B CN 116167907B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- window
- patterns
- pixel
- graph
- frame rate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T1/00—General purpose image data processing
- G06T1/20—Processor architectures; Processor configuration, e.g. pipelining
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T1/00—General purpose image data processing
- G06T1/60—Memory management
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D10/00—Energy efficient computing, e.g. low power processors, power management or thermal management
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Image Generation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a pixel filling rate testing method based on progressive approximation, which is characterized in that a rendering operation is executed by using a GPU to be tested in a constructed testing scene, the testing scene and the frame rate in the execution process are obtained, the data volume of the testing scene is gradually increased to gradually approximate the limit value of the rendering performance of the GPU to be tested, the actual maximum value of the pixel filling rate of the GPU to be tested is further measured, and the accuracy of the pixel filling rate testing result is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of graph testing, and particularly relates to a pixel filling rate testing method based on progressive approximation.
Background
The pixel fill rate, which refers to the number of pixels rendered by the graphics processing unit per second, is MPixel/S (mega pixels per second), or GPixel/S (billions pixels per second), is the most common indicator used to measure the pixel processing performance of current graphics cards. The rendering pipeline of the graphics card is an important component of the display core, which is a set of specialized channels in the display core that are responsible for color assignment to graphics. The more the rendering pipelines are, the higher the working frequency of each group of pipelines is, the higher the filling rate of the drawn display card is, and the higher the performance of the display card is, so that the performance of the display card can be roughly judged from the pixel filling rate of the display card.
The existing pixel filling rate test generally adopts a calculation mode, and mainly comprises the following two types, wherein one type is that a pixel filling rate theoretical value formula is adopted for calculation, namely, the pixel filling rate is obtained by carrying out product operation on a grating processing unit (Raster Operations Units, ROP) and a GPU main frequency, the method has the problems that the number of the grating processing units is a nominal value which cannot be measured and obtained through software, and in addition, the GPU main frequency is required to be obtained through machine test; the other is to use software to measure the classical formula of the pixel filling rate for calculation, that is, the pixel filling rate is obtained by multiplying complex test scenes, frame rate and correction coefficient, the method has the problems that the complex shadow effect introduced by the test scenes has different degrees of influence on the pixel filling effect under different parameters, and the correction coefficient is changed along with the test environment.
In summary, the conventional method for testing the pixel filling rate mainly has the following problems: firstly, the problem that the test result is unreliable due to the fact that the test process depends on the machine test or the nominal value, and secondly, the problem that the test result is inaccurate due to the fact that the test environment greatly interferes with the test result.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a pixel filling rate testing method based on progressive approximation, which realizes the testing of the pixel filling rate of the GPU based on software.
The invention provides a pixel filling rate testing method based on progressive approximation, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, a measurement window is established on a measured platform, and the measurement window is set to be in a full-screen mode, so that the window size of the measurement window at the moment is obtained; constructing plane patterns, wherein the number of the plane patterns covering the whole window of the measurement window is the number of patterns; determining the number of window pixels of a measurement window display window;
step 2, taking a calculation result with 2 as a bottom and the number of the graphics as an index as a first number of the plane graphics to be drawn by the current wheel, drawing the plane graphics with the first number of the graphics into a measurement window, and obtaining the frame rate in the drawing process as a first frame rate of the current wheel; calculating the product of the first graph number, the window pixel number and the first frame rate as a first pixel filling rate measured by the current wheel;
step 3, monitoring the CPU occupancy rate of the tested platform, if the deviation value of the current CPU occupancy rate and the average CPU occupancy rate is larger than the performance threshold value, recording the first graph number of the current wheel as the extreme value graph number, and executing the step 4, otherwise, executing the step 2 by taking the first graph number of the current wheel as the graph number;
step 4, taking the number of patterns corresponding to the maximum value of the first pixel filling rate as the reference pattern number, taking the difference value between the extreme value pattern number and the reference pattern number as the offset, and determining the change range of the pattern number as the interval from the difference between the reference pattern number and the offset to the sum of the reference pattern number and the offset; traversing the set step length in a variation range to determine the number of the second patterns, drawing the plane patterns of the number of the second patterns into a measurement window, obtaining the frame rate in the drawing process as a second frame rate, and calculating the product of the number of the second patterns, the number of pixels of the window and the second frame rate as a second pixel filling rate; and outputting the maximum value of the second frame rate as a test result, and ending the flow.
Further, the step 1 further includes: cutting the measurement window display window into square when the display card supports the pixel shielding function, and determining the number of window pixels of the measurement window display window.
Further, the plane pattern in the step 1 is a parallelogram.
Further, the parallelogram is composed of two triangles constructed by a triangle strip drawing function.
Further, the step 2 further includes: pixels having the same display position in adjacent frame data of the first pattern number of planar patterns are set to different colors.
Further, the step 3 further includes: and (3) calculating the product of the first graph number of the current wheel and the pixel number of the window, if the product is larger than a storage threshold, marking the first graph number of the current wheel as the extreme graph number, and executing the step (4), otherwise, executing the step (2) by taking the first graph number of the current wheel as the graph number, wherein the storage threshold is one fourth of the sum of the memory and the video memory capacity.
Further, the step size in the step 4 is 1.
Advantageous effects
According to the invention, the rendering operation is executed by using the GPU to be tested in the construction of the test scene, the test scene and the frame rate in the execution process are obtained, the data volume of the test scene is gradually increased to gradually approach the limit value of the rendering performance of the GPU to be tested, so that the actual maximum value of the pixel filling rate of the GPU to be tested is measured, and the accuracy of the pixel filling rate test result is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a pixel filling rate testing method based on a step-by-step approximation according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a pixel filling rate testing method based on progressive approximation, which has the following core ideas: and constructing a test scene, enabling the GPU to be tested to execute rendering operation in the test scene, obtaining the test scene and the frame rate in the test, performing product operation on the test scene and the frame rate to obtain the pixel filling rate, gradually increasing the data volume of the test scene to gradually approach the limit value of the rendering performance of the GPU to be tested, and thus measuring the actual maximum value of the pixel filling rate of the GPU to be tested.
The invention provides a pixel filling rate testing method based on progressive approximation, which has a flow shown in a figure 1 and specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, a measurement window is established on a tested platform, and is set to be operated in a full-screen mode, so that the window size of the measurement window in the full-screen mode is obtained; constructing plane patterns, and drawing a plurality of plane patterns to cover the whole window of the measurement window, wherein the number of the plane patterns is the number of the patterns; according to the projective transformation relation, the coverage area of the drawn plurality of plane patterns is exactly the same as the screen resolution, so that the number of pixels required to be filled for rendering the coverage area is also the same as the screen resolution, thereby determining the number of window pixels for measuring the window display window. The tested platform is a computer system carrying the GPU to be tested.
The frame rate refers to the number of pictures refreshed per second and is also understood to mean the number of times the graphics processor can refresh per second, or the inverse of the time it takes to refresh a frame. In the actual window refreshing process, the window refreshing time is equal to the sum of the time for the CPU to maintain the window and the time for the GPU to render the content displayed in the window, and the pixel filling rate is directly related to the time for the GPU to render the content displayed in the window. As the window increases, the amount of data displayed in the window increases, so the amount of computation required by the GPU to render increases, and the time for the CPU to maintain the window remains unchanged, so the time for the GPU to render the content displayed in the window in this process will gradually become an advantage item affecting the window refresh time, and the effect will far exceed the time for the CPU to maintain the window, so it can be known that the frame rate is positively related to the rendering speed. From the above analysis the present invention has determined that it is necessary to make measurements with as large a frame as possible, i.e. with as much resolution as possible.
The window size in full screen mode can be determined by querying the resolution supported by the system and selecting the largest window.
In order to further improve the test efficiency, the measurement window may not be operated in full screen mode when the display card supports the pixel shielding function, but the measurement window display window is cut into a square shape by using the pixel shielding function, and the number of window pixels of the measurement window display window is determined. Because the display window is square, projections in the row direction are the same, redundant calculation caused by processing deformation is avoided, and the testing efficiency is further improved. Whether the display card supports the pixel shielding function can be known by judging the pixel shielding API of the display card drive.
To further improve the test performance, a parallelogram is used as a planar pattern, and since the parallelogram can cover the whole window of the measurement window, the shader can fill in whole rows and columns, which cannot be realized by other patterns, the extra calculation overhead caused by avoiding the uncovered area can be avoided. Specifically, a parallelogram composed of two triangles may be constructed as a plane figure using a triangle strip drawing function provided by DirectX, openGL, openGL ES, vulkan, metal, etc.; parallelogram drawing functions can also be used to directly construct a parallelogram as a planar figure.
On the basis of adopting a parallelogram as a plane graph, in order to minimize the influence of other display elements on a measurement result, the invention adopts an OpenGL API to create a measurement window, and the OpenGL function directly draws data into a device context provided by the window, so that the influence of other factors can be reduced.
Step 2, taking a calculation result with 2 as a bottom and the number of the graphics as an index as a first number of the plane graphics to be drawn by the current wheel, drawing the plane graphics with the first number of the graphics into a measurement window, and obtaining the frame rate in the drawing process as a first frame rate of the current wheel; and calculating the product of the first graph number, the window pixel number and the first frame rate, wherein the product result is the first pixel filling rate measured by the current wheel.
In addition, the invention adopts a mode of setting the pixel points with the same display position in adjacent frame data to be different colors, so as to avoid the problem that the compiler optimization function takes a value which does not change in the cycle as a redundancy quantity to clear, and the rendering unit cannot be called to render the pixel points.
Further, the invention avoids the problem that the number of rendering is not increased because the blocked plane graphics caused by the blanking function are not rendered by closing the blanking function.
In order to further improve the accuracy of the obtained current wheel frame rate, a mode of obtaining the frame rate for a plurality of times in the drawing process and averaging the frame rate is adopted as the current wheel frame rate.
And 3, monitoring the CPU occupancy rate of the tested platform, calculating the deviation value of the current CPU occupancy rate and the average CPU occupancy rate, recording the first graph number of the current wheel as the extreme graph number when the deviation value is larger than the performance threshold value, and executing the step 4, otherwise, executing the step 2 to finish the increase of the coarse-granularity graph number by taking the first graph number of the current wheel as the graph number.
The invention also provides the following modes: and (3) calculating the product of the first graph number of the current wheel and the pixel number of the window, if the product is larger than a storage threshold value, recording the first graph number of the current wheel as the extreme graph number, and executing the step (4), otherwise, executing the step (2) by taking the first graph number of the current wheel as the graph number. Ideally, the storage threshold may be set to one quarter of the sum of memory and video memory capacity.
Step 4, selecting the maximum value in the first pixel filling rates of all the wheels obtained in the step 2, and taking the number of patterns corresponding to the maximum value as the number of reference patterns; taking the difference value between the number of extreme figures and the number of reference figures as an offset, and determining the change range of the number of figures of the fine granularity test as the sum of the difference between the number of reference figures and the offset and the sum of the number of reference figures and the offset; traversing the set change step length of the number of the patterns in a change range to determine the number of the second patterns to be used, drawing the plane patterns of the number of the second patterns into a measurement window, obtaining the corresponding frame rate in the drawing process as a second frame rate, and calculating the product of the number of the second patterns, the number of pixels of the window and the second frame rate as a second pixel filling rate; and selecting the maximum value in all the obtained second frame rates as a test result to output, and ending the flow.
Examples
The pixel filling rate testing method based on progressive approximation provided by the invention is adopted in the embodiment, the interface provided by OpenGL is used for realizing the testing process of the GPU pixel filling rate based on software, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, creating a measurement window on a tested platform, setting the measurement window to run in a full-screen mode, and acquiring the window size of the measurement window in the full-screen mode.
S2, constructing a parallelogram composed of two triangles by adopting a triangle strip drawing function of OpenGL to serve as a plane graph, drawing a plurality of plane graphs to cover the whole window of the measurement window, and determining the number of graphs and the number of window pixels of the display window of the measurement window.
The specific process is to define the triangle data by using an OpenGL API:
float vertices[] = {
// positions // colors
1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, // top right
1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, // bottom right
-1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, // bottom left
-1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, // top left
};
binding data to the video memory:
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, VBOs);
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(vertices), vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
drawing of the triangle strips is realized:
glBindVertexArray(VBOs);
glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, 6, GL_UNSIGNED_INT, 0);
s3, modifying the random quantity introduced from the outside in the fragment shader code, so that the random quantity takes different values when the shader is executed each time, and directly acting the random quantity on pixel color output to realize different colors of pixel points at the same position in different frames.
The implementation code is as follows:
"#version 330 core\n"
"uniform vec4 deltaColor;\n"
"out vec4 FragColor;\n"
"in vec4 vertexColor;\n"
"void main(void)\n"
"{\n"
" FragColor = vertexColor+deltaColor;\n"
"}\n\0";
s4, closing a blanking function by adopting a glDisable (GL_CULL_FACE) method of OpenGL.
S5, taking a calculation result with 2 as a bottom and the number of the graphics as an index as a first number of the plane graphics to be drawn by the current wheel, drawing the plane graphics with the first number of the graphics into a measurement window, and acquiring the frame rate in the drawing process as a first frame rate of the current wheel; and calculating the product of the first graph number, the window pixel number and the first frame rate, wherein the product result is the first pixel filling rate measured by the current wheel.
S6, monitoring the CPU occupancy rate of the tested platform, calculating the deviation value of the current CPU occupancy rate and the average CPU occupancy rate, recording the first graph number of the current wheel as the extreme graph number when the deviation value is larger than the performance threshold value, and executing S7, otherwise, executing S5 by taking the first graph number of the current wheel as the graph number to finish the increase of the coarse-granularity graph number.
S7, selecting the maximum value in the first pixel filling rates of all the wheels obtained in the S5, and taking the number of patterns corresponding to the maximum value as the number of reference patterns; taking the difference value between the number of extreme figures and the number of reference figures as an offset, and determining the change range of the number of figures of the fine granularity test as the sum of the difference between the number of reference figures and the offset and the sum of the number of reference figures and the offset; selecting the corresponding number of patterns as a second number of patterns in a mode of gradually increasing or decreasing by 1 in a changing range by taking the number of patterns as 1, drawing the plane patterns of the second number of patterns into a measuring window, acquiring the corresponding frame rate in the drawing process as a second frame rate, and calculating the product of the second number of patterns, the number of pixels of the window and the second frame rate as a second pixel filling rate; and selecting the maximum value in all the obtained second frame rates as a test result to output, and ending the flow.
In summary, the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The pixel filling rate testing method based on progressive approximation is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, a measurement window is established on a measured platform, and the measurement window is set to be in a full-screen mode, so that the window size of the measurement window at the moment is obtained; constructing plane patterns, wherein the number of the plane patterns covering the whole window of the measurement window is the number of patterns; determining the number of window pixels of a measurement window display window;
step 2, taking a calculation result with 2 as a bottom and the number of the graphics as an index as a first number of the plane graphics to be drawn by the current wheel, drawing the plane graphics with the first number of the graphics into a measurement window, and obtaining the frame rate in the drawing process as a first frame rate of the current wheel; calculating the product of the first graph number, the window pixel number and the first frame rate as a first pixel filling rate measured by the current wheel;
step 3, monitoring the CPU occupancy rate of the tested platform, if the deviation value of the current CPU occupancy rate and the average CPU occupancy rate is larger than the performance threshold value, recording the first graph number of the current wheel as the extreme value graph number, and executing the step 4, otherwise, executing the step 2 by taking the first graph number of the current wheel as the graph number;
step 4, taking the number of patterns corresponding to the maximum value of the first pixel filling rate as the reference pattern number, taking the difference value between the extreme value pattern number and the reference pattern number as the offset, and determining the change range of the pattern number as the interval from the difference between the reference pattern number and the offset to the sum of the reference pattern number and the offset; traversing the set step length in a variation range to determine the number of the second patterns, drawing the plane patterns of the number of the second patterns into a measurement window, obtaining the frame rate in the drawing process as a second frame rate, and calculating the product of the number of the second patterns, the number of pixels of the window and the second frame rate as a second pixel filling rate; and outputting the maximum value of the second frame rate as a test result, and ending the flow.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step 1 further comprises: cutting the measurement window display window into square when the display card supports the pixel shielding function, and determining the number of window pixels of the measurement window display window.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the planar pattern in the step 1 is a parallelogram.
4. A pixel fill-factor testing method according to claim 3, wherein said parallelogram is composed of two triangles constructed by a triangle strip drawing function.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the step 2 further comprises: pixels having the same display position in adjacent frame data of the first pattern number of planar patterns are set to different colors.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the step 3 further comprises: and (3) calculating the product of the first graph number of the current wheel and the pixel number of the window, if the product is larger than a storage threshold, marking the first graph number of the current wheel as the extreme graph number, and executing the step (4), otherwise, executing the step (2) by taking the first graph number of the current wheel as the graph number, wherein the storage threshold is one fourth of the sum of the memory and the video memory capacity.
7. The pixel fill-factor testing method according to claim 1, wherein the step size in the step 4 is 1.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202310430747.XA CN116167907B (en) | 2023-04-21 | 2023-04-21 | Pixel filling rate testing method based on progressive approximation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202310430747.XA CN116167907B (en) | 2023-04-21 | 2023-04-21 | Pixel filling rate testing method based on progressive approximation |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN116167907A CN116167907A (en) | 2023-05-26 |
CN116167907B true CN116167907B (en) | 2023-06-20 |
Family
ID=86422201
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202310430747.XA Active CN116167907B (en) | 2023-04-21 | 2023-04-21 | Pixel filling rate testing method based on progressive approximation |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN116167907B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN116883228B (en) * | 2023-09-08 | 2023-12-01 | 武汉凌久微电子有限公司 | GPU pixel filling rate measuring method |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6313838B1 (en) * | 1998-02-17 | 2001-11-06 | Sun Microsystems, Inc. | Estimating graphics system performance for polygons |
CN101558426A (en) * | 2006-12-15 | 2009-10-14 | 高通股份有限公司 | Post-render graphics scaling |
CN113393555A (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2021-09-14 | 福建天晴数码有限公司 | Screen filling rate statistical method and system based on shader |
-
2023
- 2023-04-21 CN CN202310430747.XA patent/CN116167907B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6313838B1 (en) * | 1998-02-17 | 2001-11-06 | Sun Microsystems, Inc. | Estimating graphics system performance for polygons |
CN101558426A (en) * | 2006-12-15 | 2009-10-14 | 高通股份有限公司 | Post-render graphics scaling |
CN113393555A (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2021-09-14 | 福建天晴数码有限公司 | Screen filling rate statistical method and system based on shader |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN116167907A (en) | 2023-05-26 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US20230053462A1 (en) | Image rendering method and apparatus, device, medium, and computer program product | |
US20180191371A1 (en) | Data compression and decompression method of demura table, and mura compensation method | |
US6323874B1 (en) | System and method for rendering an image | |
CN116167907B (en) | Pixel filling rate testing method based on progressive approximation | |
US8044971B2 (en) | Methods of and apparatus for processing computer graphics | |
US7425966B2 (en) | Pixel center position displacement | |
US6097397A (en) | Anisotropic texture mapping using silhouette/footprint analysis in a computer image generation system | |
CN102289823B (en) | Method and device for obtaining area of graph on display device | |
US8605088B2 (en) | Method for reconstructing geometry mapping | |
KR20160001641A (en) | Shading method and system via quad merging | |
CN113808121A (en) | Yarn sub-pixel level diameter measurement method and system | |
US9430818B2 (en) | Analytical motion blur rasterization with compression | |
TWI417808B (en) | Reconstructable geometry shadow mapping method | |
US20090322781A1 (en) | Anti-aliasing techniques for image processing | |
CN113393555B (en) | Screen filling rate statistical method and system based on shader | |
CN109410136B (en) | Color homogenizing method and processing device based on shortest transmission path | |
CN110827407B (en) | Method and system for automatically outputting meshing resource triangle fit degree | |
CN103403671B (en) | Stream for rasterisation compresses | |
US20030030646A1 (en) | Trilinear texture filtering method with proper texel selection | |
US12002183B2 (en) | Image scaling method and apparatus thereof | |
Almeida et al. | Evaluation of antialiasing techniques on mobile devices | |
CA2742663C (en) | Figure drawing device, anti-aliasing method, and storage medium | |
Beaudoin et al. | Compressed Multisampling for Efficient Hardware Edge Antialiasing. | |
TWI780853B (en) | Position-signal processing method for flat panel gamma imaging probe | |
CN117351110A (en) | Parallel interpolation method, system, medium and equipment based on WebGL |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |