CN116163138A - 一种上染率高的强力超细纯棉平布加工工艺 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种上染率高的强力超细纯棉平布的加工工艺，包括下列步骤：S1:取纯棉纱线进行预处理，织造得纯棉坯布；S2:对纯棉坯布进行于整理液中浸渍，定型，染色，清洗，得一次纯棉平布；S3:将一次纯棉平布于固色液中浸渍，烘干，高温定型，即得纯棉平布。一种上染率高的强力超细纯棉平布加工工艺，所得纯棉布上染率高，色牢度好且性能优异。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织技术领域，具体涉及一种上染率高的强力超细纯棉平布加工工艺。
背景技术
现有全棉面料从棉纱纺纱到成品布过程中，对棉纱或坯布在染色前都需要做前处理(煮练、漂白)，通过烧碱和双氧水在高温条件下处理，目的是去除棉纤维上的各种杂质(包括果胶、蜡、灰分、色素、棉籽壳等)，提高纱线的白度、润湿性，以便后续的染色加工。在此过程中需要耗费大量的水电汽能源，而且容易对棉纤维造成损伤。为了保证面料的强度，普通全棉面料通常制备染色全棉面料时，所需染色时间久且染料消耗大。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的目的在于提供一种上染率高的强力超细纯棉平布加工工艺，所得纯棉布上染率高，色牢度好且性能优异。
为了达到上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种上染率高的强力超细纯棉平布的加工工艺，包括下列步骤：
S1:取纯棉纱线进行预处理，织造得纯棉坯布；
S2:对纯棉坯布进行于整理液中浸渍，定型，染色，清洗，得一次纯棉平布；
S3:将一次纯棉平布于固色液中浸渍，烘干，高温定型，即得纯棉平布。
优选的，所述步骤S1中纯棉纱线进行预处理具体包括：
将纯棉纱线、二氯亚砜、二甲基甲酰胺和体积分数50％的硫酸溶液混合，于60-80℃下加热反应24-36h，取出纯棉纱线，烘干，即可。
优选的，所述纯棉纱线、二氯亚砜、二甲基甲酰胺和硫酸溶液的重量份比为1:1:1:3。
优选的，所述步骤S2中整理液的制备方法具体为：
将聚苯乙烯、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、浓氨水和体积分数75％的乙醇溶液混合搅拌4-6h，加入正硅酸乙酯继续搅拌24-48h，即得整理液。兙俥
优选的，所述聚苯乙烯、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、浓氨水、乙醇溶液和正硅酸乙酯的重量份比为1:1:2:2:1。
优选的，步骤S3中的固色液的制备方法包括如下步骤：
将海藻酸钠溶液、硅烷偶联剂和固色剂混合，搅拌1-2h，得所述固色液。
优选的，所述海藻酸钠溶液、硅烷偶联剂和固色剂的重量份比为1:1:1。
优选的，所述固色剂为季铵盐固色剂。
优选的，步骤S2和S3中浸渍的温度为40-50℃，浸渍的时间为12-24h。
优选的，步骤S3中高温定型的温度为100-120℃，时间为25-40min。
本发明通过对纯棉纱线进行预处理，以提高纤维素纤维的渗透性和匀染性，进一步通过整理液纳米壳层的沉积，进而提高纱线的强度，通过对纱线表面的改性从而填充纱线的缝隙，使得纱线更加的紧致、致密，提高纱线的紧实度，固色液中海藻酸钠电离形成大量的﹣COO-形成聚阴离子电解质溶液，增加了固色剂的渗透性后，提高了纱线的染色上染率。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。另，特别说明，本发明原料和设备均可从市售所得，比如季铵盐固色剂(爱博尔公司的Eccofix FD-3)等组分原料，不再一一列举。
实施例一
一种上染率高的强力超细纯棉平布的加工工艺，包括下列步骤：
S1:取纯棉纱线进行预处理：将纯棉纱线、二氯亚砜、二甲基甲酰胺和体积分数50％的硫酸溶液按照重量份比为1:1:1:3的比例混合，于80℃下加热反应36h，取出纯棉纱线，烘干，即可；将预处理后的纯棉纱线织造得纯棉坯布；
S2:对纯棉坯布进行于整理液中50℃浸渍24h，定型，染色，清洗，得一次纯棉平布；
S3:将一次纯棉平布于固色液中50℃浸渍24h，烘干，120℃高温定型40min，即得纯棉平布。
其中，所述步骤S2中整理液的制备方法具体为：
将聚苯乙烯、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、浓氨水和体积分数75％的乙醇溶液混合搅拌6h，加入正硅酸乙酯继续搅拌48h，即得整理液，其中，聚苯乙烯、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、浓氨水、乙醇溶液和正硅酸乙酯的重量份比为1:1:2:2:1。兙俥
其中，步骤S3中的固色液的制备方法包括如下步骤：
将海藻酸钠溶液、硅烷偶联剂和季铵盐固色剂按照重量份比为1:1:1的比例混合，搅拌2h，得固色液。
实施例二
一种上染率高的强力超细纯棉平布的加工工艺，包括下列步骤：
S1:取纯棉纱线进行预处理：将纯棉纱线、二氯亚砜、二甲基甲酰胺和体积分数50％的硫酸溶液按照重量份比为1:1:1:3的比例混合，于60℃下加热反应24h，取出纯棉纱线，烘干，即可；将预处理后的纯棉纱线织造得纯棉坯布；
S2:对纯棉坯布进行于整理液中40℃浸渍12h，定型，染色，清洗，得一次纯棉平布；
S3:将一次纯棉平布于固色液中40℃浸渍12h，烘干，100℃高温定型25min，即得纯棉平布。
其中，所述步骤S2中整理液的制备方法具体为：
将聚苯乙烯、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、浓氨水和体积分数75％的乙醇溶液混合搅拌4h，加入正硅酸乙酯继续搅拌24h，即得整理液，其中，聚苯乙烯、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、浓氨水、乙醇溶液和正硅酸乙酯的重量份比为1:1:2:2:1。兙俥
其中，步骤S3中的固色液的制备方法包括如下步骤：
将海藻酸钠溶液、硅烷偶联剂和季铵盐固色剂按照重量份比为1:1:1的比例混合，搅拌1h，得固色液。
实施例三
一种上染率高的强力超细纯棉平布的加工工艺，包括下列步骤：
S1:取纯棉纱线进行预处理：将纯棉纱线、二氯亚砜、二甲基甲酰胺和体积分数50％的硫酸溶液按照重量份比为1:1:1:3的比例混合，于70℃下加热反应30h，取出纯棉纱线，烘干，即可；将预处理后的纯棉纱线织造得纯棉坯布；
S2:对纯棉坯布进行于整理液中45℃浸渍18h，定型，染色，清洗，得一次纯棉平布；
S3:将一次纯棉平布于固色液中45℃浸渍18h，烘干，110℃高温定型30min，即得纯棉平布。
其中，所述步骤S2中整理液的制备方法具体为：
将聚苯乙烯、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、浓氨水和体积分数75％的乙醇溶液混合搅拌5h，加入正硅酸乙酯继续搅拌36h，即得整理液，其中，聚苯乙烯、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、浓氨水、乙醇溶液和正硅酸乙酯的重量份比为1:1:2:2:1。兙俥
其中，步骤S3中的固色液的制备方法包括如下步骤：
将海藻酸钠溶液、硅烷偶联剂和季铵盐固色剂按照重量份比为1:1:1的比例混合，搅拌1.5h，得固色液。
对比例1
对比例1与实施例1的组分重量份和加工工艺基本相同，不同的是，不进行预处理和整理液浸泡，具体为：
一种上染率高的强力超细纯棉平布的加工工艺，包括下列步骤：
S1:将纯棉纱线织造得纯棉坯布；
S2:对纯棉坯布进行定型，染色，清洗，得一次纯棉平布；
S3:将一次纯棉平布于固色液中50℃浸渍24h，烘干，120℃高温定型40min，即得纯棉平布。
其中，步骤S3中的固色液的制备方法包括如下步骤：
将海藻酸钠溶液、硅烷偶联剂和季铵盐固色剂按照重量份比为1:1:1的比例混合，搅拌2h，得固色液。
对实施例1-3、东莞市双宇纺织有限公司和对比例1所得纯棉平布进行性能检测试验。
耐摩擦色牢度：依照GB/T3920-2008《纺织品色牢度试验耐摩擦色牢度》进行检测。
耐皂洗色牢度：依照GB/T3921-2008《纺织品色牢度试验耐皂洗色牢度》进行检测。
上染率的测定：取100ml染液，再对棉布进行染色时，通过染料量来进行上染率测定，上染百分率＝100％-染色残液中的染料量。
断裂强度：参照GB/T 3916-1997《纺织品、卷装纱、单根纱线断裂强力和断裂伸长率的测定》进行检测。
结果如表1所示。
表1
| 测试项目 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 市售棉布 | 对比例1 |
| 干摩擦色牢度 | 5级 | 5级 | 5级 | 5级 | 4级 |
| 湿摩擦色牢度 | 5级 | 5级 | 5级 | 5级 | 4级 |
| 皂洗牢度 | 5级 | 5级 | 5级 | 5级 | 3级 |
| 上染率 | 97.6 | 97.5 | 96.9 | 86.7 | 64.5 |
| 断裂强度MPa | 362 | 352 | 328 | 312 | 205 |
从上表可以看出，实施例1-3的棉布上染率较市售棉布和对比例1均有所提高，且具有良好的断裂强度、色牢度和皂洗牢度。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种上染率高的强力超细纯棉平布的加工工艺，其特征在于，包括下列步骤：
S1:取纯棉纱线进行预处理，织造得纯棉坯布；
S2:对纯棉坯布进行于整理液中浸渍，定型，染色，清洗，得一次纯棉平布；
S3:将一次纯棉平布于固色液中浸渍，烘干，高温定型，即得纯棉平布。
2.如权利要求1所述的上染率高的强力超细纯棉平布的加工工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤S1中纯棉纱线进行预处理具体包括：
将纯棉纱线、二氯亚砜、二甲基甲酰胺和体积分数50%的硫酸溶液混合，于60-80℃下加热反应24-36h，取出纯棉纱线，烘干，即可。
3.如权利要求2所述的上染率高的强力超细纯棉平布的加工工艺，其特征在于，所述纯棉纱线、二氯亚砜、二甲基甲酰胺和硫酸溶液的重量份比为1:1:1:3。
4.如权利要求1所述的上染率高的强力超细纯棉平布的加工工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤S2中整理液的制备方法具体为：
将聚苯乙烯、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、浓氨水和体积分数75%的乙醇溶液混合搅拌4-6h，加入正硅酸乙酯继续搅拌24-48h，即得整理液。
5.如权利要求1所述的上染率高的强力超细纯棉平布的加工工艺，其特征在于，所述聚苯乙烯、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、浓氨水、乙醇溶液和正硅酸乙酯的重量份比为1:1:2:2:1。
6.如权利要求1所述的上染率高的强力超细纯棉平布的加工工艺，其特征在于，步骤S3中的固色液的制备方法包括如下步骤：
将海藻酸钠溶液、硅烷偶联剂和固色剂混合，搅拌1-2h，得所述固色液。
7.如权利要求6所述的上染率高的强力超细纯棉平布的加工工艺，其特征在于，所述海藻酸钠溶液、硅烷偶联剂和固色剂的重量份比为1:1:1。
8.如权利要求7所述的上染率高的强力超细纯棉平布的加工工艺，其特征在于，所述固色剂为季铵盐固色剂。
9.如权利要求1所述的上染率高的强力超细纯棉平布的加工工艺，其特征在于，步骤S2和S3中浸渍的温度为40-50℃，浸渍的时间为12-24h。
10.如权利要求1所述的上染率高的强力超细纯棉平布的加工工艺，其特征在于，步骤S3中高温定型的温度为100-120℃，时间为25-40min。
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