CN116154227B - Drainage control method for fuel cell for vehicle and vehicle - Google Patents

Drainage control method for fuel cell for vehicle and vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116154227B
CN116154227B CN202310424467.8A CN202310424467A CN116154227B CN 116154227 B CN116154227 B CN 116154227B CN 202310424467 A CN202310424467 A CN 202310424467A CN 116154227 B CN116154227 B CN 116154227B
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fuel cell
cathode
water content
vehicle
flow
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CN116154227A (en
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张宇洲
邵恒
唐厚闻
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Shanghai H Rise New Energy Technology Co Ltd
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Shanghai H Rise New Energy Technology Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
    • H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
    • H01M8/04179—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal by purging or increasing flow or pressure of reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
    • H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/04492—Humidity; Ambient humidity; Water content
    • H01M8/04507—Humidity; Ambient humidity; Water content of cathode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
    • H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
    • H01M8/04768—Pressure; Flow of the coolant
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
    • H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

The application provides a drainage control method of a fuel cell for a vehicle and the vehicle. A fuel cell and a power cell connected to the fuel cell are provided in a vehicle, the method comprising determining the actual water content of a cathode in the fuel cell; judging whether the actual water content is smaller than a water content threshold value or not; purging and draining the cathode of the fuel cell when the actual water content is greater than or equal to a water content threshold and the state of charge of the power cell is less than a state of charge threshold; or, in the case where the actual water content is greater than or equal to a water content threshold value and the state of charge of the power cell is greater than or equal to a state of charge threshold value, heating and draining are performed on the cathode of the fuel cell. Therefore, by the method, when the actual water content is greater than or equal to the water content threshold, different drainage modes are selected according to the charge state of the power battery of the vehicle, and drainage of the fuel battery can be achieved.

Description

Drainage control method for fuel cell for vehicle and vehicle
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and more particularly, to a drainage control method for a fuel cell for a vehicle and a vehicle.
Background
Fuel cells are capable of reacting fuel and oxygen electrochemically to produce water and other products, where chemical energy in the fuel is converted to electrical energy during the electrochemical reaction. Fuel cells are often used as power plants for vehicles because of their low pollution and high power generation efficiency.
In the electrochemical reaction process of the fuel cell, the oxygen at the cathode is catalyzed by the catalyst to undergo a reduction reaction and combine with hydrogen ions to produce water, and the accumulation of water at the cathode generally affects the performance of the fuel cell.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of an embodiment of the present application is to provide a drainage control method of a fuel cell for a vehicle and a vehicle for solving the problems of the prior art.
A first aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a water discharge control method of a fuel cell for a vehicle in which a fuel cell and a power cell connected to the fuel cell are provided, the method including:
determining the actual water content of a cathode in the fuel cell;
judging whether the actual water content is smaller than a water content threshold value or not;
purging and draining the cathode of the fuel cell when the actual water content is greater than or equal to a water content threshold and the state of charge of the power cell is less than a state of charge threshold; or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,
and when the actual water content is greater than or equal to a water content threshold value and the state of charge of the power battery is greater than or equal to a state of charge threshold value, heating and draining the cathode of the fuel battery.
In one embodiment, purging and draining the cathode of the fuel cell specifically includes:
increasing the flow rate of the intake air flow of the cathode;
the cathode is purged by the inlet air flow after increasing the flow.
In one embodiment, the cathode is purged by increasing the flow of the inlet air, specifically comprising:
the cathode is purged by increasing the flow of inlet air in a pulsed manner.
In one embodiment, increasing the flow rate of the intake air flow of the cathode specifically includes:
determining a flooding severity coefficient according to the deviation of the actual water content relative to the water content threshold;
determining the target flow of the intake air flow according to the flooding severity coefficient;
and increasing the inlet air flow of the cathode to the target flow rate.
In one embodiment, the heating and draining of the cathode of the fuel cell specifically includes:
the temperature of the cathode of the fuel cell is raised by reducing the flow rate of cooling water in the fuel cell for warming and draining the cathode of the fuel cell.
In one embodiment, increasing the temperature of the cathode of the fuel cell by reducing the flow of cooling water in the fuel cell specifically includes:
determining a flooding severity coefficient according to the deviation of the actual water content relative to the water content threshold;
determining a target temperature or a temperature increment according to the flooding severity coefficient;
the temperature of the cathode is increased from the current temperature to the target temperature or from the current temperature to the sum of the current temperature and the temperature increase by decreasing the flow rate of cooling water in the fuel cell.
In one embodiment, the fuel cell is formed by combining a plurality of battery cells in a serial and/or parallel manner; the method comprises the steps of,
determining the actual water content of the cathode in the fuel cell, specifically comprises:
acquiring an actual impedance value of a target battery monomer in the fuel cell under the condition that the flow rate of the inlet air flow of the cathode is monitored to be smaller than a preset flow rate;
and determining the actual water content of the cathode of the fuel cell by using the corresponding relation between the impedance and the water content and the actual impedance value.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises:
and under the condition that the vehicle is in an idle state, monitoring whether the flow of the inlet air flow of the cathode is smaller than a preset flow.
In one embodiment, obtaining the actual impedance value of the target cell in the fuel cell specifically includes:
and measuring the actual impedance value of the target battery cell in the fuel cell by the CVM of the fuel cell inspection in the vehicle.
A second aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle, including: a fuel cell and a power cell connected with the fuel cell are arranged in the vehicle; and the vehicle drains water by the water drainage control method provided by the embodiment of the application.
By adopting the drainage control method of the vehicle fuel cell provided by the embodiment of the application, the actual water content of the cathode in the fuel cell is firstly determined, then whether the actual water content is smaller than a water content threshold value is judged, and whether the state of charge of the power cell of the vehicle is smaller than the state of charge threshold value is further judged under the condition that the actual water content is larger than or equal to the water content threshold value, if so, the cathode of the fuel cell is purged and drained, and if not, the cathode of the fuel cell is heated and drained. Therefore, by the method, when the actual water content is greater than or equal to the water content threshold, different drainage modes are selected according to the charge state of the power battery of the vehicle, and drainage of the fuel battery can be achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a drainage control method of a fuel cell for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a drainage control method of a fuel cell for a vehicle according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a specific structure of a drainage control device for a fuel cell for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. In the description of the present application, terms such as "first," "second," "third," and the like are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or order.
As previously mentioned, during the electrochemical reaction of a fuel cell, water is produced at the cathode and accumulation of water at the cathode generally affects the performance of the cathode. For example, a significant accumulation of water at the cathode may diffuse to the catalyst at the cathode, thereby affecting the activity of the catalyst and thus the performance of the fuel cell.
Based on this, the embodiment of the application provides a drainage control method of a fuel cell for a vehicle, which can be used for draining the fuel cell for the vehicle, wherein the fuel cell and a power cell are provided in the vehicle, and the fuel cell and the power cell are connected. In this way, the electric energy generated by the fuel cell can be supplied to the vehicle to support the running of the vehicle or the like, and can be supplied to the power cell as a backup battery, so that the power cell can be used to supply electric power to the vehicle when the fuel of the fuel cell is insufficient or other difficult-to-run conditions occur. The power battery may be a lithium ion battery or other type of secondary battery.
In addition, the fuel cell may include a plurality of fuel cell units (hereinafter referred to as battery units) that may be combined in series and/or parallel to form the fuel cell, for example, the respective battery units are sequentially connected in series to form the fuel cell; of course, the power battery may comprise a plurality of power battery cells, which may also be combined in series and/or parallel.
As shown in fig. 1, which is a specific flow chart of the drainage control method of the fuel cell for a vehicle, the method includes the following steps:
step S11: the actual water content of the cathode in the fuel cell is determined.
In practical applications, the increase of the cathode water content of the fuel cell is generally related to the decrease of the flow rate of the inlet air flow of the cathode due to its own characteristics, for example, when the output power of the fuel cell is reduced, the output current is also reduced, which results in the increase of the overall voltage, so that the cathode is at a high potential, and the high potential of the cathode voltage easily causes oxidation, deposition, etc. of the catalyst, so in order to reduce the oxidation and deposition of the catalyst, it is necessary to reduce the flow rate of the inlet air flow of the cathode, thereby reducing the oxygen content of the cathode, making the cathode of the fuel cell in a "starved state", and thus depressing the potential of the cathode. However, this approach, in conjunction with a decrease in cathode inlet airflow, can lead to rapid accumulation of liquid water by the cathode, which in turn can lead to an increase in cathode water content. It should be noted that, the water content mentioned herein refers to the content of liquid water, for example, the cathode water content refers to the content of liquid water in the cathode; the actual water content means the actual content of liquid water and the like.
In this way, the fuel cell generally increases the cathode water content when the flow rate of the intake air flow of the cathode decreases due to its own characteristics. Accordingly, for the above step S11, an implementation manner may be to monitor whether the flow of the intake air flow of the cathode is smaller than a preset flow, where the preset flow generally reflects a certain pre-warning value of the cathode water content, and the magnitude of the preset flow may be generally determined according to practical experience, where, when it is monitored that the flow of the intake air flow of the cathode is smaller than the preset flow, it is indicated that the actual water content of the cathode may be greater than the pre-warning value, so as to determine the actual water content of the cathode in the fuel cell for performing the subsequent drainage.
As mentioned above, the decrease in the output power of the fuel cell may cause the flow rate of the intake air flow of the cathode to decrease, and in the case where the flow rate of the intake air flow of the cathode decreases, there is generally a concomitant increase in the cathode water content, and in the case where the vehicle is in an idle state (where the motor of the vehicle is operating in neutral state), the power required by the vehicle itself decreases, so that the output power of the fuel cell also decreases, and thus the flow rate of the intake air flow of the cathode decreases, so that it is possible to monitor whether the flow rate of the intake air flow of the cathode is smaller than the preset flow rate in the case where the vehicle is in an idle state, and it is possible to not monitor whether the flow rate of the intake air flow of the cathode is smaller than the preset flow rate in the case where the vehicle is not in an idle state.
Under the condition that the flow rate of the inlet air flow of the cathode is monitored to be smaller than the preset flow rate, for a specific mode of determining the actual water content of the cathode in the fuel cell, the actual impedance value of the target battery cell in the fuel cell can be obtained first, and then the actual water content of the cathode of the fuel cell is determined by further utilizing the corresponding relation between the impedance and the water content and the actual impedance value.
Wherein the target cell may be any cell of the fuel cell; or a specific battery cell, for example, the target battery cell may be designated as the battery cell with the lowest voltage; the actual impedance value may be a high-frequency actual impedance value, a low-frequency actual impedance value, or a high-frequency actual impedance value and a low-frequency actual impedance value, wherein the measurement range of the high-frequency actual impedance value is 500-2000 hz, and the measurement range of the low-frequency actual impedance value is 1-50 hz.
As a way to obtain the actual impedance value of the target cell in the fuel cell, the actual impedance value of the target cell in the fuel cell may be measured by a fuel cell inspection (CVM), for example, the actual impedance value of the cell with the lowest voltage at a high frequency and the actual impedance value of the cell with a low frequency in the fuel cell are measured by the CVM.
The corresponding relation between the impedance and the water content can be determined in advance, for example, the data of the impedance value and the corresponding water content are obtained by measuring through a plurality of experiments in advance, and then an empirical formula reflecting the corresponding relation is deduced through the data, or a graph or a table reflecting the corresponding relation is drawn.
Thus, for example, after the actual impedance value of the target cell in the fuel cell is measured by the fuel cell inspection (CVM), and the empirical formula, map or table of the correspondence is obtained, the actual water content of the cathode of the fuel cell can be calculated by substituting the actual impedance value into the empirical formula, or the map or table can be queried using the actual impedance value, thereby obtaining the actual water content of the cathode of the fuel cell.
Step S12: and judging whether the actual water content is smaller than a water content threshold, if so, executing the step S11, and if not, executing the step S13.
Step S13: and judging whether the state of charge of the power battery is smaller than a state of charge threshold, if so, executing the step S14, and if not, executing the step S15.
Step S14: the cathode of the fuel cell is purged and drained.
Step S15: the cathode of the fuel cell is warmed and drained.
The above steps S12 to S15 can be collectively described here.
In the step S12, it is first determined whether the actual water content is less than the water content threshold, and if the actual water content is less than the water content threshold, it is indicated that the situation that "flooding" or flooding does not occur in the fuel cell is not serious, and at this time, drainage may not be performed, that is, the following steps S13 to S15 may not be performed; of course, the above step S11 may be executed again or after a certain period of time, to obtain a new actual water content, and then the step S12 is executed again, so as to determine whether the new actual water content is less than the water content threshold, so that the steps S11 and S12 are executed in a circulating manner to realize the control of water discharge and prevent the flooding of the fuel cell.
In the case where it is judged that the actual water content is greater than or equal to the water content threshold, it is indicated that flooding or flooding is occurring in the fuel cell at this time or is serious, and drainage is required at this time, so that step S13 is performed. Of course, in the fuel cell, an external humidification system is generally provided, which is capable of introducing water into the electric pile of the fuel cell, so that in the case where it is determined that the actual water content is greater than or equal to the water content threshold value, the external humidification system may stop introducing water into the electric pile of the fuel cell.
In this step S13, it is further determined whether the State of charge (SOC) of the power battery is smaller than the State of charge threshold, and a different drainage method is selected according to the determination result, wherein the method of purging and draining is selected when the State of charge of the power battery is smaller than the State of charge threshold, the cathode of the fuel battery is purged and drained, and the method of warming and draining is selected when the State of charge of the power battery is greater than or equal to the State of charge threshold.
In step S13, it is determined whether the state of charge of the power battery is smaller than the state of charge threshold, if so, it is indicated that the SOC of the power battery is low, and the power battery can be charged, so that the output power of the fuel battery can be rapidly increased by increasing the flow rate of the intake air flow of the cathode, thereby charging the power battery; under the condition that the state of charge is greater than or equal to the state of charge threshold value, the power battery can be not charged at the moment, so that a heating and draining mode is adopted, the mode can not cause the rapid increase of the output power of the fuel battery, and further, the excessive additional power output by the fuel battery can not be caused, and the fuel consumption can be reduced.
In the working process of the fuel cell, fuel such as hydrogen is usually introduced into the anode, oxygen or air is usually introduced into the cathode, and heat is released by electrochemical reflection of the fuel and the oxygen, so that in order to prevent the stack from overheating and affecting the normal working of the fuel cell, a cooling system is usually arranged in the fuel cell, the cooling system cools the stack through cooling water, wherein the temperature rise and fall of the stack can be regulated and controlled by controlling the flow of the cooling water, for example, when the flow of the cooling water is increased, the heat carried away by the cooling water is increased, the temperature of the stack is relatively reduced, and when the flow of the cooling water is reduced, the heat carried away by the cooling water is reduced, and the temperature of the stack is relatively increased. Therefore, as for the specific mode of warming and draining the cathode of the fuel cell mentioned above, it is possible to raise the temperature of the cathode of the fuel cell by reducing the flow rate of the cooling water in the fuel cell, thereby serving to warm and drain the cathode of the fuel cell. In this case, the temperature of the cathode of the fuel cell is raised, the evaporation rate of water in the cathode can be increased, and the temperature raising and water draining can be realized by this means.
The step of raising the temperature of the cathode of the fuel cell by reducing the flow rate of the cooling water in the fuel cell may specifically include determining a flooding severity coefficient according to a deviation of the actual water content relative to the water content threshold, where the flooding severity coefficient is used to measure the severity of flooding inside the fuel cell; then, a target temperature or temperature increase is determined based on the flooding severity coefficient, and then the temperature of the cathode is increased from the current temperature to the target temperature, or from the current temperature to the sum of the current temperature and the temperature increase, by reducing the flow of cooling water in the fuel cell.
That is, the flooding severity factor may be determined first, for example, the flooding severity factor may be determined based on a deviation of the actual water content from the water content threshold, which may be a difference between the actual water content and the water content threshold, or may be an actual water content to the water content threshold, wherein the greater the deviation of the actual water content from the water content threshold, the greater the flooding severity factor is indicated, and vice versa, the lesser the deviation of the actual water content from the water content threshold, the less the flooding is indicated, and the flooding severity factor is indicated.
Of course, the flooding severity coefficient may also be determined based on the location at which flooding occurs and the deviation of the actual water content from the water content threshold. For example, a first parameter may be set to measure the position of flooding, where the greater the first parameter, the closer the position of flooding is to the air inlet end of the cathode of the fuel cell, and where the smaller the first parameter, the farther the position of flooding is to the air inlet end of the cathode of the fuel cell; and then, carrying out weighted summation on the first parameter and the deviation, thereby calculating the flooding severity coefficient.
After determining the flooding severity coefficient, a target temperature or temperature increase is further determined based on the flooding severity coefficient, and then the temperature of the cathode is increased from the current temperature to the target temperature, or from the current temperature to the sum of the current temperature and the temperature increase, by reducing the flow of cooling water in the fuel cell.
For example, one way is to determine a target temperature based on the flooding severity coefficient, and then increase the temperature of the cathode from the current temperature to the target temperature by reducing the flow of cooling water in the fuel cell, e.g., the current temperature is T0, the target temperature is T1, and then from T0 to T1; alternatively, the temperature increase is determined based on the flooding severity coefficient and then increased from the current temperature to the sum of the current temperature and the temperature increase, e.g., T0 for the current temperature and P for the temperature increase, from T0 to t0+p, by reducing the flow of cooling water in the fuel cell.
Naturally, in the process of raising the current temperature T0 to the above-described T1 or t0+p by reducing the flow rate of the cooling water in the fuel cell, the target flow rate of the cooling water may be determined according to an empirical formula of the flow rate of the cooling water and the stack temperature, and the flow rate of the cooling water may be adjusted according to the target flow rate. The empirical formula of the flow of the cooling water and the temperature of the pile can be calculated in advance through data measured through multiple experiments.
Wherein, considering the temperature requirement of the electric pile in the fuel cell when the electric pile works normally, the target temperature is usually required to be lower than a preset temperature threshold value, and the sum of the current temperature and the temperature increment is also required to be lower than the preset temperature threshold value, wherein, the electric pile can work normally under the condition of being lower than the preset temperature threshold value, and the performance of the electric pile is influenced under the condition of being higher than the preset temperature threshold value. In addition, in practical applications, the temperature increment may be 2 to 5 degrees celsius, for example, the temperature increment is 2 degrees celsius, 2.5 degrees celsius, 3 degrees celsius, 3.5 degrees celsius, 4 degrees celsius, 4.5 degrees celsius, 5 degrees celsius, or other temperatures between 2 to 5 degrees celsius.
It should be further noted that, since oxygen or air is typically introduced into the cathode of the fuel cell, and the introduced oxygen or air will purge the cathode, the fuel cell can be used to purge and drain the cathode when the flow rate of the introduced oxygen or air reaches a certain level. Thus, as mentioned above, the specific way to purge and drain the cathode of the fuel cell may be to increase the flow rate of the intake air flow of the cathode, and then purge the cathode by the intake air flow after increasing the flow rate, thereby purging and draining the cathode.
In addition, for a specific way to increase the flow rate of the intake air flow of the cathode, the flooding severity coefficient may be determined first according to the position where flooding occurs and/or the deviation of the actual water content relative to the water content threshold, where the determining of the flooding severity coefficient may be the same as the above-mentioned way to determine the flooding severity coefficient, which is not described here. After determining the flooding severity coefficient, a target flow rate of the intake air flow may be determined based on the flooding severity coefficient, and then the intake air flow of the cathode may be increased to the target flow rate. For example, the target flow rate of the intake air flow may be calculated by the following formula one.
Q=k×λ formula one
In the formula one, Q is a target flow rate of the intake air flow; k is the coefficient of severity of flooding; lambda is the current flow of the intake air flow.
After the intake air flow of the cathode is increased to the target flow, the cathode may be purged in a pulse manner; thus, purging the cathode with the increased flow of inlet air may be in a pulsed manner, purging the cathode with the increased flow of inlet air. Of course, the frequency of the pulse can also be determined according to the flooding severity coefficient, for example, a piecewise function is set, different function values of the piecewise function correspond to different pulse frequencies, at this time, the corresponding function value can be determined according to the numerical range to which the flooding severity coefficient belongs, and then the corresponding pulse frequency is determined, and the purging is performed according to the pulse frequency.
By adopting the drainage control method of the vehicle fuel cell provided by the embodiment of the application, the actual water content of the cathode in the fuel cell is firstly determined, then whether the actual water content is smaller than a water content threshold value is judged, and whether the state of charge of the power cell of the vehicle is smaller than the state of charge threshold value is further judged under the condition that the actual water content is larger than or equal to the water content threshold value, if so, the cathode of the fuel cell is purged and drained, and if not, the cathode of the fuel cell is heated and drained. Therefore, by the method, when the actual water content is greater than or equal to the water content threshold, different drainage modes are selected according to the charge state of the power battery of the vehicle, and drainage of the fuel battery can be achieved.
In addition, in the method provided by the embodiment of the application, under the condition that the actual water content is greater than or equal to the water content threshold, different drainage modes are selected according to the state of charge of the power battery of the vehicle, wherein the state of charge of the power battery is smaller than the state of charge threshold, and drainage is performed by purging the drainage mode, and the mode is usually realized by increasing the flow of the air inlet flow of the cathode, so that the output power of the fuel battery can be rapidly increased, and the power battery can be charged during drainage; under the condition that the state of charge is greater than or equal to the state of charge threshold value, the power battery can be not charged at the moment, so that a heating and draining mode is adopted, the mode can not cause the rapid increase of the output power of the fuel battery, and further, the excessive additional power output by the fuel battery can not be caused, and the fuel consumption can be reduced. Therefore, the method provided by the embodiment of the application combines the charge state of the power battery, so that two aspects of charging the power battery and reducing fuel consumption during drainage are comprehensively considered, and a corresponding drainage mode is selected.
It should be further noted that, during the process of heating and draining the cathode of the fuel cell in the step S15, since the draining rate of the heating and draining is relatively slow, in order to prevent further accumulation of water, for example, if the water generation rate is greater than the rate of the heating and draining, the method may further include monitoring the actual water content of the cathode in the fuel cell, where the monitoring may be the same as the step S11, continuously or periodically determining the actual water content of the cathode in the fuel cell, and if the trend of the change of the actual water content is continuously increasing or relatively stable, for example, it is monitored that the actual water content continuously increases in a preset period of time, the draining rate of the heating and draining is insufficient, at this time, the cathode of the fuel cell may be purged, and for the specific manner of the purging and draining, the step S14 may be referred to.
Of course, after the water draining of the fuel cell is completed, the method may further include sending a prompt message to the user side (including a central control screen of the vehicle, a mobile phone of the user, etc.), and generating a log.
The foregoing is a specific description of the drainage control method of the fuel cell for a vehicle provided in the embodiments of the present application, and for convenience of understanding, the method may be further described in connection with an actual application scenario. The application scenario is that the vehicle is in an idle state, at this time, the output power of the fuel cell is reduced, and the flow of the intake air flow of the cathode is reduced due to the self-characteristics of the fuel cell, so that the water content of the cathode may be increased. In this application scenario, the method provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown in fig. 2, and includes the following steps:
step S21: and monitoring whether the flow rate of the inlet air flow of the cathode of the fuel cell is smaller than a preset flow rate under the condition that the vehicle is in an idle state.
Step S22: and under the condition that the flow rate of the inlet air flow of the cathode of the fuel cell is monitored to be smaller than the preset flow rate, acquiring the actual impedance value of the target battery cell in the fuel cell.
Step S23: and determining the actual water content of the cathode of the fuel cell by using the corresponding relation between the impedance and the water content and the actual impedance value.
Step S24 judges whether the actual water content is less than the water content threshold, if yes, step S21 is executed, and if no, step S25 is executed.
Step S25: whether the state of charge of the power battery of the vehicle is smaller than the state of charge threshold is judged, if yes, step S26 is executed, and if not, step S27 is executed.
Step S26: the cathode of the fuel cell is purged and drained.
Step S27: the cathode of the fuel cell is warmed and drained.
In this application scenario, the method provided in the embodiment of the present application is obviously also capable of solving the problems in the prior art, which will not be described herein.
The embodiment of the present application also provides a drainage control device for a fuel cell for a vehicle, which adopts the same inventive concept as the drainage control method for a fuel cell for a vehicle provided in the embodiment of the present application, and for the specific description of the device, reference may be made to the corresponding matters in the method unless otherwise clear. As shown in fig. 3, which is a schematic structural diagram of the apparatus 30, the apparatus 30 includes: a determination unit 301, a judgment unit 302, a purge drain control unit 303, and a warming drain control unit 304, wherein:
a determination unit 301 for determining an actual water content of a cathode in the fuel cell;
a determining unit 302, configured to determine whether the actual water content is less than a water content threshold;
a purge drain control unit 303 configured to purge and drain the cathode of the fuel cell in a case where the actual water content is greater than or equal to a water content threshold value and the state of charge of the power cell is less than a state of charge threshold value; or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,
and a temperature-raising and water-draining control unit 304 configured to raise and drain the cathode of the fuel cell when the actual water content is greater than or equal to a water content threshold value and the state of charge of the power cell is greater than or equal to a state of charge threshold value.
With the device 30 provided in the embodiment of the present application, since the device 30 adopts the same inventive concept as the drainage control method of the fuel cell for a vehicle provided in the embodiment of the present application, on the premise that the method can solve the technical problem, the device 30 can also solve the technical problem, which is not described herein again.
In addition, in practical application, the technical effects obtained by combining the device 30 with specific hardware devices such as vehicles, cloud technology, etc. are also within the scope of protection of the present application, for example, different units in the device 30 are arranged in different nodes in a distributed cluster manner, or part of units are arranged in a cloud server, etc. so as to improve efficiency and reduce cost.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a storage medium, which comprises: a program which, when run on an electronic device on a vehicle, causes the electronic device to perform all or part of the flow of the method in the above-described embodiments. The storage medium may be a magnetic Disk, an optical Disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), a Flash Memory (Flash Memory), a Hard Disk (HDD), or a Solid State Drive (SSD), etc. The storage medium may also comprise a combination of memories of the kind described above.
The embodiment of the application also provides the vehicle electronic equipment. Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a specific structure of the electronic device 4. The electronic device 4 includes: at least one processor 41 and a memory 42, one processor being exemplified in fig. 4. The processor 41 and the memory 42 may be connected by a bus 40, the memory 42 storing instructions executable by the processor 41, the instructions being executable by the processor 41 to cause the electronic device 4 to perform all or part of the flow of the method in the embodiments of the present application. For example, the electronic device 4 is disposed on a vehicle, and then all or part of the flow of the method in the embodiment of the application is executed by the electronic device 4, so as to implement drainage control on the fuel cell disposed on the vehicle.
The embodiment of the application also provides a vehicle, wherein the vehicle is provided with a fuel cell and a power cell connected with the fuel cell, and the vehicle drains water by the water drainage control method provided by the embodiment of the application.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been described in connection with the accompanying drawings, various modifications and variations may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations are within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A water discharge control method of a fuel cell for a vehicle, the vehicle being provided with a fuel cell and a power cell connected to the fuel cell, the method comprising:
determining the actual water content of a cathode in the fuel cell;
judging whether the actual water content is smaller than a water content threshold value or not;
and when the actual water content is greater than or equal to a water content threshold value and the state of charge of the power battery is less than the state of charge threshold value, purging and draining the cathode of the fuel battery, wherein the purging and draining the cathode of the fuel battery specifically comprises: increasing the flow rate of the inlet air flow of the cathode, and purging the cathode of the fuel cell through the inlet air flow after the flow rate is increased, so as to realize purging drainage and charging of the power cell; or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,
and under the condition that the actual water content is greater than or equal to a water content threshold value and the state of charge of the power battery is greater than or equal to a state of charge threshold value, heating and draining the cathode of the fuel battery, wherein the heating and draining the cathode of the fuel battery specifically comprises: the temperature of the cathode of the fuel cell is raised by reducing the flow rate of cooling water in the fuel cell to achieve warming and drainage.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the purging and draining of the cathode of the fuel cell is performed, in particular comprising:
increasing the flow rate of the intake air flow of the cathode;
the cathode is purged by the inlet air flow after increasing the flow.
3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the cathode is purged by an increased flow of inlet air flow, in particular comprising:
the cathode is purged by increasing the flow of inlet air in a pulsed manner.
4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that increasing the flow of the intake air flow of the cathode, in particular comprises:
determining a flooding severity coefficient according to the deviation of the actual water content relative to the water content threshold;
determining the target flow of the intake air flow according to the flooding severity coefficient;
and increasing the inlet air flow of the cathode to the target flow rate.
5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the cathode of the fuel cell is subjected to temperature rising and drainage, in particular comprising:
the temperature of the cathode of the fuel cell is raised by reducing the flow rate of cooling water in the fuel cell for warming and draining the cathode of the fuel cell.
6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the temperature of the cathode of the fuel cell is raised by reducing the flow of cooling water in the fuel cell, in particular comprising:
determining a flooding severity coefficient according to the deviation of the actual water content relative to the water content threshold;
determining a target temperature or a temperature increment according to the flooding severity coefficient;
the temperature of the cathode is increased from the current temperature to the target temperature or from the current temperature to the sum of the current temperature and the temperature increase by decreasing the flow rate of cooling water in the fuel cell.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the fuel cell is composed of a plurality of cells in series and/or parallel; the method comprises the steps of,
determining the actual water content of the cathode in the fuel cell, specifically comprises:
acquiring an actual impedance value of a target battery monomer in the fuel cell under the condition that the flow rate of the inlet air flow of the cathode is monitored to be smaller than a preset flow rate;
and determining the actual water content of the cathode of the fuel cell by using the corresponding relation between the impedance and the water content and the actual impedance value.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the method further comprises:
and under the condition that the vehicle is in an idle state, monitoring whether the flow of the inlet air flow of the cathode is smaller than a preset flow.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein obtaining an actual impedance value of a target cell in the fuel cell comprises:
and measuring the actual impedance value of the target battery cell in the fuel cell by the CVM of the fuel cell inspection in the vehicle.
10. A vehicle, characterized by comprising: a fuel cell and a power cell connected with the fuel cell are arranged in the vehicle; the method comprises the steps of,
the vehicle is drained by the drain control method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
CN202310424467.8A 2023-04-20 2023-04-20 Drainage control method for fuel cell for vehicle and vehicle Active CN116154227B (en)

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