CN116145841A - High-damping multidimensional shock isolation and absorption device with anti-swing function and shock isolation and absorption method thereof - Google Patents
High-damping multidimensional shock isolation and absorption device with anti-swing function and shock isolation and absorption method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/98—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against vibrations or shocks; against mechanical destruction, e.g. by air-raids
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- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
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- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
- E04H9/0215—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings involving active or passive dynamic mass damping systems
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- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
- E04H9/022—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings and comprising laminated structures of alternating elastomeric and rigid layers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
- E04H9/0237—Structural braces with damping devices
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high damping multidimensional shock isolation and absorption device with an anti-swing function and a shock isolation and absorption method thereof, wherein the device comprises an upper steel plate, a middle steel plate and a lower steel plate which are arranged in parallel in the height direction; a vertical shock isolation and absorption unit is arranged between the upper steel plate and the middle steel plate; a horizontal shock isolation and absorption unit is arranged between the middle steel plate and the lower steel plate; and an anti-swing unit is further arranged between the upper steel plate and the middle steel plate and arranged at the periphery of the vertical shock isolation unit, so that only vertical translation is generated between the upper steel plate and the middle steel plate without relative rotation deformation, and swing response of the structure is restrained. The horizontal shock isolation and absorption unit and the vertical shock isolation and absorption unit are not interfered with each other during working, and the shock isolation and absorption efficiency and the working stability of the device are obviously improved. The problem of the response of structure sways because of vertical rigidity is little is solved, and the device atress process is clear and definite, easy processing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-damping multidimensional shock isolation and absorption device with an anti-swing function and a shock isolation and absorption method thereof.
Background
Earthquake is a serious natural disaster, and the serious earthquake action seriously threatens the service life of a building, and causes immeasurable loss of life and property of people. In order to reduce the disaster response of a structure under the action of earthquake, vibration isolation and reduction technology is widely applied to the vibration response control of the structure. The vibration isolation and reduction technology prolongs the self-vibration period of the structure by arranging the vibration isolation and reduction device between the bottom of the structure and the foundation, thereby reducing the response of the upper structure under the action of earthquake, and particularly for buildings in high-intensity areas, the vibration isolation and reduction technology is very necessary.
At present, the shock isolation and absorption technology is widely applied to large-span structures, large-span bridges and lifeline engineering, but recent seismic events show that the control direction is single (only aiming at the seismic action of a single direction) and the energy consumption capability is weak, and the main problem to be solved by the shock isolation and absorption technology still remains. In fact, the seismic excitation to which a building may be subjected during service tends to be multi-directional, and the seismic input energy is also greatly increased over that in unidirectional earthquakes, so that conventional seismic isolation devices may not be suitable for structural response control in multi-directional earthquakes.
In order to solve the problems, the multidimensional shock isolation and absorption device is innovated from the construction level, and the effective isolation of multidirectional earthquake motion is comprehensively realized by utilizing different combinations of the horizontal shock isolation and absorption units and the vertical shock isolation and absorption units, so that the disaster resistance toughness of a building is improved. The existing multidimensional shock isolation and absorption device is designed by assuming that the horizontal shock isolation and absorption units and the vertical shock isolation and absorption units respectively work independently, ignoring the swinging response of the structure, and further selecting proper shock isolation and absorption elements according to corresponding design levels.
In practice, however, the rocking response of the structure is related to the vertical stiffness of the device, and the lower the vertical stiffness of the multi-dimensional shock isolation device is, the greater the rocking response of the structure is, which would pose a significant threat to the safety of the structure if the rocking response of the structure is controlled without considering the anti-rocking device during the design phase: firstly, the swing response increases the interlayer displacement angle of the upper structure, aggravates the damage of the structure and reduces the comfort level of the building; secondly, the excessive swing angle increases the possibility of building overturning, severely reducing the overall stability of the structure. Therefore, aiming at the defects of poor structure swinging response inhibition effect and low multidirectional earthquake response isolation efficiency of the existing shock isolation device, the design of the high-damping multidimensional shock isolation device with the anti-swinging function so as to decouple the horizontal and vertical earthquake responses of the structure is a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a high-damping multidimensional shock isolation device with an anti-swing function, which can effectively control the structural response under multidirectional earthquake and solve the problem of structural swing response caused by small vertical rigidity. In addition, the device simple structure, stability is good, facilitate promotion and application.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical means:
a high damping multi-dimensional shock isolation device with anti-sway function, comprising:
upper, middle and lower steel plates arranged in parallel up and down in the height direction; the vertical shock isolation and absorption unit is arranged between the upper steel plate and the middle steel plate, and the vertical shock isolation and absorption unit is provided with:
the elastic support piece is used for providing vertical bearing capacity and vibration isolation;
a first high damping high dissipation viscoelastic cushion to provide vertical damping dissipation vibrational energy;
a horizontal shock isolation and absorption unit is arranged between the middle steel plate and the lower steel plate and comprises a plurality of steel plates and a viscoelastic material layer arranged between every two steel plates, the upper end of the horizontal shock isolation and absorption unit is fixedly connected with the middle steel plate, and the lower end of the horizontal shock isolation and absorption unit is fixedly connected with the lower steel plate;
the anti-swing unit is arranged between the upper steel plate and the middle steel plate and is arranged at the periphery of the vertical shock isolation unit, so that only vertical translation is generated between the upper steel plate and the middle steel plate without relative rotation deformation, and swing response of the structure is restrained, and the anti-swing unit comprises:
the upper steel cylinder is opened at the lower end and closed at the upper end, and the upper end of the upper steel cylinder is fixedly connected or welded with the upper steel plate through bolts;
the lower steel cylinder is coaxially sleeved with the upper steel cylinder, the lower end of the lower steel cylinder is closed, the lower steel cylinder is fixedly connected or welded with the middle steel plate through a bolt, and the upper end of the lower steel cylinder is provided with a round hole and extends into the inner cavity of the upper steel cylinder;
the upper end of the round rod penetrates through a round hole at the upper end of the lower steel cylinder to extend into the inner cavity of the upper steel cylinder and is fixedly connected or welded with the upper end of the upper steel cylinder through a bolt;
the second high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic damping pad is arranged in the inner cavity of the lower steel cylinder and is connected with the lower end of the lower steel cylinder through an adhesive;
the third high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic damping pad is arranged in the inner cavity of the lower steel cylinder, sleeved on the round rod in a ring manner and positioned between the enlarged head at the lower end of the round rod and the upper end of the lower steel cylinder;
gaps are reserved between the second high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic damping pad and the inner wall of the lower steel cylinder and between the third high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic damping pad and the inner wall of the lower steel cylinder respectively;
the outer diameter of the lower steel cylinder is equal to the inner diameter of the upper steel cylinder, and only relative vertical translation can be generated between the lower steel cylinder and the upper steel cylinder; the clear distance between the upper end of the lower steel cylinder and the upper end of the upper steel cylinder meets the deformation requirement of the vertical shock isolation and absorption unit under the action of gravity load and earthquake;
the diameter of the upper end of the round rod is equal to the diameter of the opening at the upper end of the lower steel cylinder;
the diameter of the enlarged head at the lower end of the round rod is equal to the inner diameter of the lower steel cylinder.
The vertical shock isolation and absorption units comprise four groups, the four groups of the vertical shock isolation and absorption units are uniformly and symmetrically arranged on a plane, and each group of the vertical shock isolation and absorption units have the same structure and comprise:
the lower end of the guide cylinder is closed, the upper end of the guide cylinder is open, and the lower end of the guide cylinder is fixedly connected or welded with the middle steel plate through a bolt;
the disc springs comprise a plurality of disc springs which are coaxially sleeved outside the guide cylinder after being combined, and the inner diameter of each disc spring is larger than the outer diameter of the guide cylinder;
the first high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic damping pad is arranged in the guide cylinder, and the lower end of the first high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic damping pad is connected with the lower end of the guide cylinder through an adhesive; and a gap is reserved between the first high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic damping pad and the inner wall of the guide cylinder, and the height of the first high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic damping pad is larger than that of the guide cylinder.
The anti-swing units comprise four groups, and the four groups of anti-swing units are uniformly and symmetrically distributed on the peripheries of the four groups of vertical shock isolation and absorption units. The vertical vibration isolation unit and the anti-swing unit are also provided with an annular high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic vibration pad, the annular high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic vibration pad is connected with the middle steel plate through an adhesive, and the upper end of the annular high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic vibration pad is 1-5 mm lower than the lower surface of the upper steel plate.
The inner diameter of the belleville spring is 0.4-3.2 mm larger than the outer diameter of the guide cylinder;
the diameter of the first high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic shock pad is 5-10 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the guide cylinder;
the upper end of the first high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic shock pad is 1-5 mm lower than the lower surface of the upper steel plate;
the net distance between the upper end of the guide cylinder and the lower surface of the upper steel plate meets the deformation requirement of the vertical shock isolation and absorption unit under the action of gravity load and earthquake.
The diameters of the second high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic shock pad and the third high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic shock pad are 5-10 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the lower steel cylinder;
the upper end of the second high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic shock pad is 1-5 mm lower than the enlarged head at the lower end of the round rod.
The upper end of the annular high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic shock pad is 1-5 mm lower than the lower surface of the upper steel plate.
The invention further discloses a shock isolation and absorption method based on the high-damping multidimensional shock isolation and absorption device with the anti-swing function, wherein the upper steel plate is used for supporting a building and is fixedly connected with the building, and the lower steel plate is fixed on a foundation;
when the self-weight load of the upper building acts on the multidimensional shock isolation and absorption device, the upper steel plate moves vertically downwards to compress the first high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic shock pad and deform vertically, and the device is in an initial compression state;
when the multidimensional vibration isolation and reduction device is subjected to vertical earthquake action, the upper steel plate and the middle steel plate move vertically relatively, the vertical vibration isolation and reduction unit is subjected to reciprocating compression deformation, and at the moment, the multidimensional vibration isolation and reduction device forms a relative rigidity weak layer in the vertical direction compared with the main body structure, so that the effect of vertical vibration isolation is achieved, and meanwhile, the first high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic vibration reduction pad in a pressed state rapidly dissipates vertical vibration energy through compression deformation, so that the effect of energy dissipation and reduction is achieved; in addition, under the vertical earthquake, only vertical translation is generated between the upper steel plate and the middle steel plate without relative rotation deformation through the anti-swing units arranged on the periphery of the vertical vibration isolation and reduction unit, so that the swing response of the structure is restrained, the movement of the anti-swing units is accompanied with the compression energy consumption of the second high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic vibration reduction pad and the third high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic vibration reduction pad, and the vertical vibration isolation and reduction efficiency of the device is remarkably improved;
when the multidimensional vibration isolation and reduction device is pulled under the action of vertical earthquake, the upper steel cylinder moves vertically upwards to drive the expansion head at the lower end of the round rod to extrude the third high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic vibration absorption pad, so that a certain tensile pulling force is provided for the vertical vibration isolation and reduction unit of the device;
when the multi-dimensional shock isolation and absorption device is subjected to horizontal earthquake action, the lower steel plate and the middle steel plate move horizontally relatively, the horizontal shock isolation and absorption unit is subjected to shearing deformation, and earthquake energy is dissipated, and at the moment, the multi-dimensional shock isolation and absorption device forms a relative rigidity weak layer in the horizontal direction compared with a main body structure, so that the effect of horizontal shock isolation and absorption is achieved; in addition, as the device has larger anti-swing rigidity, the upper steel plate and the middle steel plate of the device do not have relative rotation deformation under the action of earthquake, so that the horizontal earthquake action does not influence the vertical shock isolation unit of the device to play a role, thereby inhibiting the swing response of the structure;
along with the end of the earthquake action, the horizontal shock isolation and absorption unit, the vertical shock isolation and absorption unit and the anti-swing unit are restored to the initial balance positions, the high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic shock pad is restored to the initial compression state under the action of gravity, and the multi-dimensional shock isolation and absorption device is self-reset.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the device can realize effective isolation and weakening of multidirectional earthquake motion. The horizontal shock isolation and absorption unit of the device isolates the horizontal earthquake action through shear deformation, the vertical shock isolation and absorption unit isolates the vertical earthquake action through spring compression deformation, and the high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic shock absorption pad isolates the dissipation vibration energy, so that the defect of single control direction of the traditional shock isolation and absorption device is overcome.
2. The device can effectively restrain the swinging response of the structure. Under the multidirectional earthquake action, the anti-swing unit provides larger anti-swing rigidity for the device, so that only vertical translation is generated between the upper steel plate and the middle steel plate without relative rotation deformation, and the swing response of the structure is restrained, therefore, the horizontal earthquake action can not influence the vertical shock isolation and absorption units of the device to play a role, the independent work of the horizontal shock isolation and absorption units and the vertical shock isolation and absorption units is ensured, and the shock isolation and absorption efficiency of the device is improved.
3. The device has higher energy consumption capability. The viscoelastic damping pad in the device is in an initial compression state under the gravity load, so that the deformation energy consumption can be temporarily and rapidly compressed under the action of vertical earthquake, and the plurality of high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic damping pads arranged in the device can rapidly absorb and dissipate the earthquake input energy, so that the energy dissipation and damping capacity of the device is improved.
4. The device has better stability and certain drawing resistance. The anti-swing unit ensures that the device only translates under the action of a multidirectional earthquake, so that the interlayer displacement angle of the upper structure and the possibility of overturning are greatly reduced; when the device is pulled, the high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic shock pad provides vertical tensile rigidity and damping for the device through compression deformation, and the vertical shock isolation and absorption unit is prevented from being pulled to be damaged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a detailed construction view of a multi-dimensional shock isolation device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional view of the multi-dimensional shock isolation device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of an anti-sway unit of the multi-dimensional shock isolation device of the present invention;
wherein, 1, a steel plate is arranged; 2. a middle steel plate; 3. a lower steel plate; 4. a horizontal shock-absorbing unit; 4-1, a high damping high dissipation viscoelastic material layer; 4-2, laminating steel plates; 4-3, sealing plates; 4-4, connecting bolts of the sealing plates; 5. a vertical shock isolation and absorption unit; 5-1, a belleville spring; 5-2, a first high damping high dissipation viscoelastic cushion; 5-3, a guide cylinder; 5-4, connecting bolts of the guide cylinder; 6. an anti-sway unit; 6-1, feeding a steel cylinder; 6-2, lower steel cylinder; 6-3, a round rod; 6-4, enlarging the head of the round rod; 6-5, a second high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic shock pad; 6-6, a third high damping high dissipation viscoelastic cushion; 6-7, a steel cylinder connecting bolt; 7. annular high damping high dissipation viscoelastic damping pad.
Detailed Description
The invention will be better understood from the following examples. However, it will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the description of the embodiments is provided for illustration only and should not limit the invention as described in detail in the claims.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention relates to a high-damping multi-dimensional shock isolation device with an anti-swing function. The multidimensional vibration isolation and reduction device consists of an upper steel plate 1, a middle steel plate 2, a lower steel plate 3, a horizontal vibration isolation and reduction unit, a vertical vibration isolation and reduction unit, an anti-swing unit and an annular high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic vibration reduction pad 7. The upper steel plate 1 is fixedly connected with a building structure to support a building, and the lower steel plate 3 is fixed on a foundation.
Example 1
In the embodiment, the upper steel plate 1, the middle steel plate 2 and the lower steel plate 3 are horizontally arranged in parallel, a horizontal shock isolation and absorption unit is arranged between the lower steel plate 3 and the middle steel plate 2, and a vertical shock isolation and absorption unit, an anti-swing unit and an annular high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic shock absorption pad 7 are arranged between the upper steel plate 1 and the middle steel plate 2.
The horizontal shock isolation unit is a high-damping viscoelastic core support, and is formed by vulcanizing a high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic material layer 4-1 and a plurality of steel plates 4-2 after being alternately overlapped at high temperature and high pressure; the uppermost steel plate 4-3 and the lowermost steel plate 4-3 of the horizontal shock isolation and absorption unit are provided with a plurality of threaded holes, the connecting bolts 4-4 are fixedly connected with the middle steel plate 2 and the lower steel plate 3 through sealing plate connecting bolts 4-4, and the connecting bolts 4-4 are uniformly and symmetrically arranged around the center of the horizontal shock isolation and absorption unit 4.
The vertical shock isolation and absorption units are uniformly and symmetrically arranged on a plane, and each group of vertical shock isolation and absorption units has the same structure and comprises a belleville spring 5-1, a first high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic shock pad 5-2, a guide cylinder 5-3 and a guide cylinder connecting bolt 5-4.
The belleville springs 5-1 are sleeved outside the guide cylinders 5-3, mainly provide vertical bearing capacity and vibration isolation, and the inner diameter of the belleville springs 5-1 is 0.4-3.2 mm larger than the outer diameter of the guide cylinders 5-3, and a gap between the belleville springs 5-1 and the guide cylinders meets relevant standard requirements.
The first high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic damping cushion 5-2 is arranged in the guide cylinder 5-3 and is used for providing vertical damping dissipation vibration energy, the diameter of the first high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic damping cushion 5-2 is 5-10 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the guide cylinder 5-3, and the upper end of the first high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic damping cushion 5-2 is 1-5 mm lower than the lower surface of the upper steel plate 1.
The upper end of the guide cylinder 5-3 is open, the lower end is closed, and the guide cylinder is fixedly connected with the middle steel plate 2 through the guide cylinder connecting bolt 5-4, and mainly provides a guide function for the movement of the belleville springs 5-1.
The anti-swing units are four groups, the four groups of anti-swing units are uniformly and symmetrically distributed on the peripheries of the four groups of vertical shock isolation units, and each group of anti-swing units has the same structure and comprises an upper steel cylinder 6-1, a lower steel cylinder 6-2, a round rod 6-3, a round rod expansion head 6-4, a second high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic shock pad 6-5, a third high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic shock pad 6-6 and a steel cylinder connecting bolt 6-7.
The lower end of the upper steel cylinder 6-1 is opened, the upper end is closed and is fixedly connected with the upper steel plate 1 through bolts 6-7; the lower end of the lower steel cylinder 6-2 is closed and fixedly connected with the middle steel plate 2 through bolts 6-7, and the upper end of the lower steel cylinder 6-2 is provided with a round hole and extends into the inner cavity of the upper steel cylinder 6-1; the outer diameter of the lower steel cylinder 6-2 is equal to the inner diameter of the upper steel cylinder 6-1, so that only vertical translation is ensured between the upper steel plate 1 and the middle steel plate 2 without relative rotation deformation, and the swinging response of the structure is restrained.
The upper end of the round rod 6-3 is welded with the upper end of the upper steel cylinder 6-1, and the lower end of the round rod 6-3 is connected with the expansion head 6-4 and is arranged in the inner cavity of the lower steel cylinder 6-2; the diameter of the upper end of the round rod 6-3 is equal to the diameter of an opening at the upper end of the lower steel cylinder 6-2, and the diameter of the enlarged head 6-4 at the lower end of the round rod is equal to the inner diameter of the lower steel cylinder 6-2; the second high damping high dissipation viscoelastic damping pad 6-5 is arranged in the inner cavity of the lower steel cylinder 6-2 and is connected with the lower end of the lower steel cylinder 6-2 through an adhesive, and the third high damping high dissipation viscoelastic damping pad 6-6 is arranged between the expanding head 6-4 at the lower end of the round rod and the upper end of the lower steel cylinder 6-2, so when the vertical vibration isolation damping unit 5 deforms, the round rod expanding head 6-4 in the anti-swing unit 6 extrudes the second high damping high dissipation viscoelastic damping pad 6-5 and the third high damping high dissipation viscoelastic damping pad 6-6 up and down, and further, the earthquake energy is dissipated. In addition, the diameters of the second high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic cushion 6-5 and the third high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic cushion 6-6 are 5-10 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the lower steel cylinder 6-2, and the upper end of the second high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic cushion 6-5 is 1-5 mm lower than the enlarged head 6-4 at the lower end of the round rod.
The annular high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic damping pad 7 is annularly arranged between the four groups of vertical vibration isolating units and the four groups of anti-swing units, is connected with the middle steel plate 2 through an adhesive, and the upper end of the annular high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic damping pad 7 is 1-5 mm lower than the lower surface of the upper steel plate 1, so that the upper steel plate 1 is ensured to extrude the annular high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic damping pad 7 to deform and dissipate vibration energy under the action of vertical earthquake.
The working method of the high-damping multidimensional shock isolation device with the anti-swing function in the embodiment 1 of the invention is as follows:
the upper steel plate is used for supporting a building and is fixedly connected with the building, and the lower steel plate is fixed on a foundation;
when the self-weight load of the upper building acts on the multi-dimensional isolation damping device, the upper steel plate moves vertically downwards, the first high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic damping cushion, the second high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic damping cushion and the annular high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic damping cushion are compressed to deform vertically, and the device is in an initial compression state, so that all the viscoelastic damping cushions participate in energy dissipation under the action of vertical earthquake;
when the multidimensional vibration isolation and reduction device is subjected to vertical earthquake action, the upper steel plate and the middle steel plate move vertically relatively, the vertical vibration isolation and reduction unit is subjected to reciprocating compression deformation, and at the moment, the multidimensional vibration isolation and reduction device forms a relative rigidity weak layer compared with a main body structure vertically, so that the effect of vertical vibration isolation is achieved, and meanwhile, the first high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic vibration reduction pad and the annular high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic vibration reduction pad which are in a pressed state rapidly dissipate vertical vibration energy through compression deformation, so that the effect of energy dissipation and vibration reduction is achieved; in addition, under a vertical earthquake, the anti-swing unit has larger shearing bearing capacity and bending bearing capacity, and only relative vertical translation can be generated between the lower steel cylinder and the upper steel cylinder, so that the cooperative work between the vertical shock isolation and absorption units can only be generated, the movement of the anti-swing unit is accompanied with the compression energy consumption of the second high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic shock absorption pad and the third high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic shock absorption pad, and the vertical shock isolation and absorption efficiency of the device is obviously improved;
when the multidimensional vibration isolation and reduction device is pulled under the action of vertical earthquake, the upper steel cylinder moves vertically upwards to drive the expansion head at the lower end of the round rod to extrude the third high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic vibration absorption pad, so that a certain tensile pulling force is provided for the vertical vibration isolation and reduction unit of the device;
when the multi-dimensional shock isolation and absorption device is subjected to horizontal earthquake action, the lower steel plate and the middle steel plate move horizontally relatively, the horizontal shock isolation and absorption unit is subjected to shearing deformation, and earthquake energy is dissipated, and at the moment, the multi-dimensional shock isolation and absorption device forms a relative rigidity weak layer in the horizontal direction compared with a main body structure, so that the effect of horizontal shock isolation and absorption is achieved; in addition, as the device has larger anti-swing rigidity, the upper steel plate and the middle steel plate of the device do not have relative rotation deformation under the action of earthquake, so that the horizontal earthquake action does not influence the vertical shock isolation unit of the device to play a role, thereby inhibiting the swing response of the structure;
along with the end of the earthquake action, the horizontal shock isolation and absorption unit, the vertical shock isolation and absorption unit and the anti-swing unit are restored to the initial balance positions, the viscoelastic shock pad is restored to the initial compression state under the action of gravity, and the multidimensional shock isolation and absorption device is self-reset.
Claims (8)
1. A high damping multi-dimensional shock isolation device with anti-sway function, comprising:
upper, middle and lower steel plates arranged in parallel up and down in the height direction; the vertical shock isolation and absorption unit is arranged between the upper steel plate and the middle steel plate, and the vertical shock isolation and absorption unit is provided with:
the elastic support piece is used for providing vertical bearing capacity and vibration isolation;
a first high damping high dissipation viscoelastic cushion to provide vertical damping dissipation vibrational energy;
a horizontal shock isolation and absorption unit is arranged between the middle steel plate and the lower steel plate and comprises a plurality of steel plates and a viscoelastic material layer arranged between every two steel plates, the upper end of the horizontal shock isolation and absorption unit is fixedly connected with the middle steel plate, and the lower end of the horizontal shock isolation and absorption unit is fixedly connected with the lower steel plate;
the anti-swing unit is arranged between the upper steel plate and the middle steel plate and is arranged on the periphery of the vertical shock isolation unit, and is used for enabling only vertical translation to occur between the upper steel plate and the middle steel plate without relative rotation deformation, so that swing response of the structure is restrained, and the anti-swing unit comprises:
the upper steel cylinder is opened at the lower end and closed at the upper end, and the upper end of the upper steel cylinder is fixedly connected or welded with the upper steel plate through bolts;
the lower steel cylinder is coaxially sleeved with the upper steel cylinder, the lower end of the lower steel cylinder is closed, the lower steel cylinder is fixedly connected or welded with the middle steel plate through a bolt, and the upper end of the lower steel cylinder is provided with a round hole and extends into the inner cavity of the upper steel cylinder;
the upper end of the round rod penetrates through a round hole at the upper end of the lower steel cylinder to extend into the inner cavity of the upper steel cylinder and is fixedly connected or welded with the upper end of the upper steel cylinder through a bolt;
the second high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic damping pad is arranged in the inner cavity of the lower steel cylinder and is connected with the lower end of the lower steel cylinder through an adhesive;
the third high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic damping pad is arranged in the inner cavity of the lower steel cylinder, sleeved on the round rod in a ring manner and positioned between the enlarged head at the lower end of the round rod and the upper end of the lower steel cylinder;
gaps are reserved between the second high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic damping pad and the inner wall of the lower steel cylinder and between the third high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic damping pad and the inner wall of the lower steel cylinder respectively;
the outer diameter of the lower steel cylinder is equal to the inner diameter of the upper steel cylinder, and only relative vertical translation can be generated between the lower steel cylinder and the upper steel cylinder; the clear distance between the upper end of the lower steel cylinder and the upper end of the upper steel cylinder meets the deformation requirement of the vertical shock isolation and absorption unit under the action of gravity load and earthquake;
the diameter of the upper end of the round rod is equal to the diameter of the opening at the upper end of the lower steel cylinder;
the diameter of the enlarged head at the lower end of the round rod is equal to the inner diameter of the lower steel cylinder.
2. The high damping multidimensional shock isolation device with anti-sway function according to claim 1, wherein the vertical shock isolation units comprise four groups, the four groups of the vertical shock isolation units are uniformly and symmetrically arranged on a plane, and each group of the vertical shock isolation units have the same structure and each group of the vertical shock isolation units comprises:
the lower end of the guide cylinder is closed, the upper end of the guide cylinder is open, and the lower end of the guide cylinder is fixedly connected or welded with the middle steel plate through a bolt;
the disc springs comprise a plurality of disc springs which are coaxially sleeved outside the guide cylinder after being combined, and the inner diameter of each disc spring is larger than the outer diameter of the guide cylinder;
the first high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic damping pad is arranged in the guide cylinder, and the lower end of the first high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic damping pad is connected with the lower end of the guide cylinder through an adhesive; and a gap is reserved between the first high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic damping pad and the inner wall of the guide cylinder, and the height of the first high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic damping pad is larger than that of the guide cylinder.
3. The high damping multidimensional shock isolating device with the anti-swing function according to claim 1, wherein the anti-swing units comprise four groups, and the four groups of the anti-swing units are uniformly and symmetrically distributed on the periphery of the four groups of the vertical shock isolating units.
4. The high-damping multidimensional vibration isolating device with the anti-swing function according to claim 1, wherein an annular high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic vibration isolating pad is further arranged between the vertical vibration isolating unit and the anti-swing unit, the annular high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic vibration isolating pad is connected with the middle steel plate through an adhesive, and the upper end of the annular high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic vibration isolating pad is 1-5 mm lower than the lower surface of the upper steel plate.
5. The high damping multidimensional shock isolation device with the anti-swing function according to claim 2, wherein the inner diameter of the belleville spring is 0.4-3.2 mm larger than the outer diameter of the guide cylinder;
the diameter of the first high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic shock pad is 5-10 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the guide cylinder;
the upper end of the first high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic shock pad is 1-5 mm lower than the lower surface of the upper steel plate;
the net distance between the upper end of the guide cylinder and the lower surface of the upper steel plate meets the deformation requirement of the vertical shock isolation and absorption unit under the action of gravity load and earthquake.
6. The high damping multidimensional damping device with anti-sway function according to claim 1, wherein the diameters of the second high damping high dissipation viscoelastic damping pad and the third high damping high dissipation viscoelastic damping pad are 5-10 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the lower steel cylinder;
the upper end of the second high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic shock pad is 1-5 mm lower than the enlarged head at the lower end of the round rod.
7. The high damping multidimensional shock isolating device with the anti-swing function according to claim 4, wherein the upper end of the annular high damping high dissipation viscoelastic shock absorbing pad is 1-5 mm lower than the lower surface of the upper steel plate.
8. A vibration isolation and reduction method based on the high damping multidimensional vibration isolation and reduction device with the anti-swing function according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized in that an upper steel plate is used for supporting a building and is fixedly connected with the building, and a lower steel plate is fixed on a foundation;
when the self-weight load of the upper building acts on the multidimensional shock isolation and absorption device, the upper steel plate moves vertically downwards to compress the first high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic shock pad and deform vertically, and the device is in an initial compression state;
when the multidimensional vibration isolation and reduction device is subjected to vertical earthquake action, the upper steel plate and the middle steel plate move vertically relatively, the vertical vibration isolation and reduction unit is subjected to reciprocating compression deformation, and at the moment, the multidimensional vibration isolation and reduction device forms a relative rigidity weak layer in the vertical direction compared with the main body structure, so that the effect of vertical vibration isolation is achieved, and meanwhile, the first high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic vibration reduction pad in a pressed state rapidly dissipates vertical vibration energy through compression deformation, so that the effect of energy dissipation and reduction is achieved; in addition, under the vertical earthquake, only vertical translation is generated between the upper steel plate and the middle steel plate without relative rotation deformation through the anti-swing units arranged on the periphery of the vertical vibration isolation and reduction unit, so that the swing response of the structure is restrained, the movement of the anti-swing units is accompanied with the compression energy consumption of the second high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic vibration reduction pad and the third high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic vibration reduction pad, and the vertical vibration isolation and reduction efficiency of the device is remarkably improved;
when the multidimensional vibration isolation and reduction device is pulled under the action of vertical earthquake, the upper steel cylinder moves vertically upwards to drive the expansion head at the lower end of the round rod to extrude the third high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic vibration absorption pad, so that a certain tensile pulling force is provided for the vertical vibration isolation and reduction unit of the device;
when the multi-dimensional shock isolation and absorption device is subjected to horizontal earthquake action, the lower steel plate and the middle steel plate move horizontally relatively, the horizontal shock isolation and absorption unit is subjected to shearing deformation, and earthquake energy is dissipated, and at the moment, the multi-dimensional shock isolation and absorption device forms a relative rigidity weak layer in the horizontal direction compared with a main body structure, so that the effect of horizontal shock isolation and absorption is achieved; in addition, as the device has larger anti-swing rigidity, the upper steel plate and the middle steel plate of the device do not have relative rotation deformation under the action of earthquake, so that the horizontal earthquake action does not influence the vertical shock isolation unit of the device to play a role, thereby inhibiting the swing response of the structure;
along with the end of the earthquake action, the horizontal shock isolation and absorption unit, the vertical shock isolation and absorption unit and the anti-swing unit are restored to the initial balance positions, the high-damping high-dissipation viscoelastic shock pad is restored to the initial compression state under the action of gravity, and the multi-dimensional shock isolation and absorption device is self-reset.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211715923.6A CN116145841A (en) | 2022-12-30 | 2022-12-30 | High-damping multidimensional shock isolation and absorption device with anti-swing function and shock isolation and absorption method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211715923.6A CN116145841A (en) | 2022-12-30 | 2022-12-30 | High-damping multidimensional shock isolation and absorption device with anti-swing function and shock isolation and absorption method thereof |
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