CN116145722A - Construction method of station main body structure - Google Patents
Construction method of station main body structure Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000009739 binding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 58
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/04—Making large underground spaces, e.g. for underground plants, e.g. stations of underground railways; Construction or layout thereof
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
- E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/02—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against ground humidity or ground water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2250/00—Production methods
- E02D2250/0007—Production methods using a mold
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2250/00—Production methods
- E02D2250/0023—Cast, i.e. in situ or in a mold or other formwork
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method of a station main body structure, which comprises the following steps: constructing a structural bottom plate; the method specifically comprises the following steps: base surface treatment, cushion layer and waterproof construction, steel bar binding, template installation, concrete pouring, concrete form removal and maintenance; constructing a wall column structure; the method specifically comprises the following steps: roughening a construction joint, cleaning, waterproofing, binding reinforcing steel bars, installing a template, pouring concrete, removing a mould and maintaining the concrete; constructing a middle plate and a top plate structure; the method specifically comprises the following steps: setting up a template support, treating a construction joint, binding reinforcing steel bars, installing a plug template, pouring concrete, removing a concrete form, and maintaining. The method disclosed by the invention is simple and convenient to construct and fast in progress, solves the technical problems of construction defects and poor overall stability of the existing subway station, and greatly improves the construction quality and efficiency and the overall strength and stability of the main body structure of the station.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of construction of subway station engineering, in particular to a construction method of a station main body structure.
Background
When the existing subway station is built, prefabricated assembly type components are mostly adopted. The prefabricated parts are multiple in types, complex in outline and high in die cost; each ring has the width of 2m, the blocks are joggled and are tensioned by finish rolling screw steel, so that the whole stability is poor, and the method is not applicable to earthquake areas, mountain bias areas and areas with large foundation settlement; each component is a standard component, and the structural design of each station is required to be uniform, so that the diversification of the structural size of the station is not facilitated, and the urban adaptability to the complex construction environment is poor; the number of the peripheral joints of the station is too large, the requirements of the durability design of the underground engineering for 100 years are difficult to meet only through joint sealing facilities, and the phenomenon of insufficient integral strength of the structure is easy to occur.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a construction method of a station main body structure. The method disclosed by the invention is simple and convenient to construct and fast in progress, solves the technical problems of construction defects and poor overall stability of the existing subway station, and greatly improves the construction quality and efficiency and the overall strength and stability of the main body structure of the station.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a construction method of a station main body structure, comprising the steps of:
(1) Constructing a structural bottom plate; the method specifically comprises the following steps: base surface treatment, cushion layer and waterproof construction, steel bar binding, template installation, concrete pouring, concrete form removal and maintenance; the template of the structural bottom plate comprises bevel rib templates at two sides, the bevel rib templates are fixed through a steel bar framework of the structural bottom plate, the bottom of each bevel rib template is formed by spot welding of steel bars and the steel bars of the structural bottom plate to have three functions of blocking, pressing and supporting the template, the bottom feet of the template are ensured not to float upwards and not to move, and the upper part of the suspended bevel rib template uses the steel bars as diagonal braces to transfer side pressure to the steel bar framework of the bottom plate;
(2) Constructing a wall column structure; the method specifically comprises the following steps: roughening a construction joint, cleaning, waterproofing, binding reinforcing steel bars, installing a template, pouring concrete, removing a mould and maintaining the concrete; the main reinforcement is connected by adopting rolling straight threads when the reinforcement is bound, the reinforcement joint is screwed after the reinforcement wire heads to be connected are screwed into the connecting sleeves with the same specification, and the reinforcement joint is sequentially connected from one end to the other end when the reinforcement is connected;
(3) Constructing a middle plate and a top plate structure; the method specifically comprises the following steps: setting up a template support, treating a construction joint, binding reinforcing steel bars, installing a plug template, pouring concrete, removing a concrete form, and maintaining; the concrete pump pipe is put into a bin during concrete pouring, and the inclined plane is poured in layers; the exposed length of the inclined plane is 2-4m, the layering thickness is 400-600mm, and the vibrated concrete is subjected to secondary vibration before the initial setting of the concrete, so that water and gaps generated at the lower parts of coarse aggregate and horizontal ribs due to bleeding are removed, the bond between the concrete and the steel bars is improved, the compactness is enhanced, and the crack resistance is improved; the concrete at the node is subjected to a principle of 'high before low', namely, high-strength grade concrete is poured firstly, low-strength grade concrete is poured later, the concrete is conveyed to be in place by a bucket or a concrete pump, layered vibration is carried out, and meanwhile, the vibration is enhanced for a core area with dense node reinforcing steel bars.
Preferably, the concrete steps of the reinforcement binding are as follows: respectively establishing three-dimensional models of a structural bottom plate, a wall column structure, a middle plate and a top plate structure, and generating and exporting a steel bar construction image; positioning and paying off the main reinforcements in all directions of each structure according to the reinforcement construction image, and installing the main reinforcements; according to the dimensional change conditions of the structural bottom plate, the wall column structure, the middle plate and the top plate structure, the setting direction and the mounting quantity of the main ribs are adjusted in real time; hooping is sleeved at proper positions of the main reinforcements in all directions; the stirrups are arranged according to the intervals of the stirrups, and are fixed with the corresponding main stirrups; and (5) binding the encrypted ribs at the node positions of the main ribs.
In any of the above schemes, concrete pouring is preferably performed along the length directions of the bottom plate, the wall column structure, the middle plate and the top plate, and the structures are continuously poured; a plurality of pouring pipes are uniformly and alternately arranged along the length direction of the structure, the pouring pipes are pushed from one end to the other end along the length direction during pouring, the pouring pipes are used for pouring simultaneously, and concrete is simultaneously conveyed to the pouring pipes by a concrete pump.
In any of the above schemes, it is preferable that the pouring pipes are connected into a whole through a connecting piece, and the plurality of pouring pipes are uniformly controlled to translate or lift at the same time through a driving device so as to reach a target position; and the control device is used for controlling the casting pipes to sequentially cast the same concrete.
In any of the above schemes, it is preferable that the side wall templates are reinforced by a single-side bracket without fixing the templates by a split bolt because of the waterproof requirement of the side wall, and the side wall templates are customized by a steel die with the thickness of 0.6mx1.5m; the unilateral support comprises two parts of a buried part system and a frame body, the buried part system comprises an anchor bolt, a connecting nut, an inner connecting rod, an outer nut and a pressing beam, the anchor bolt is embedded in a foundation, the upper end of the anchor bolt is connected with one end of the inner connecting rod through the connecting nut, the other end of the inner connecting rod penetrates through the pressing beam and is connected with the outer connecting rod through the outer nut, the pressing beam is propped against the back of the side wall template, and the connecting nut simultaneously fixes the inner connecting rod and the pressing beam.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, when the concrete is poured, for the construction joint concrete construction, a water stop belt is firstly arranged, the joint is lapped, and the lapping length is 10cm; before concrete is poured, cement mortar with the same label as that of the poured concrete is firstly laid on the base surface by 25-30mm in the horizontal construction joint, and the mold entering point is controlled to have a certain distance from the base surface by the circumferential or vertical construction joint.
In any of the above schemes, it is preferable that the concrete form removal should follow the principle of first supporting and then removing, then supporting and first removing; firstly, detaching a template which is not bearing, and then detaching a template of a bearing part; from top to bottom, the bracket is firstly disassembled to laterally support, and then the vertical support is disassembled; dismantling the wall column template when the strength of the concrete reaches 1.5 MPa; after the middle plate and the top plate template are removed, a certain number of top support structures are reserved to play a supporting role.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the method disclosed by the invention is simple and convenient to construct and fast in progress, solves the technical problems of construction defects and poor overall stability of the existing subway station, and greatly improves the construction quality and efficiency and the overall strength and stability of the main body structure of the station.
2. The station structure constructed by the method is simple and safer in stress, does not need system conversion, and is more favorable in earthquake resistance; the construction process saves labor force, can accelerate the construction period, and is environment-friendly and energy-saving; the template has high installation efficiency and stable quality, and well ensures the engineering quality.
3. The invention solves the problem of difficult binding of stirrups caused by dense reinforcement of large engineering quantity, and ensures accurate in-place installation of the reinforcement bars and quality overstretch; the waste of manpower and materials is reduced, the installation difficulty is effectively reduced, the construction period cost is saved, and the installation quality is ensured.
4. The concrete pouring mode of the invention can not generate layering of the poured concrete, radically eliminates the problem of cracking at layered connection positions, and provides technical guidance for setting integral concrete pouring; the casting process is continuous and reliable, and the segregation phenomenon of concrete is prevented; meanwhile, the reinforced template concrete pouring process is safe and reliable, and the pouring efficiency is high.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided for the understanding of the present invention and the features of the examples may be combined with each other and the present invention may be practiced in a variety of different ways as defined and covered by the claims.
Example 1
The construction method of the station main body structure comprises the following steps:
(1) Constructing a structural bottom plate; the method specifically comprises the following steps: base surface treatment, cushion layer and waterproof construction, steel bar binding, template installation, concrete pouring, concrete form removal and maintenance; the template of the structural bottom plate comprises bevel rib templates at two sides, the bevel rib templates are fixed through a steel bar framework of the structural bottom plate, the bottom of each bevel rib template is formed by spot welding of steel bars and the steel bars of the structural bottom plate to have three functions of blocking, pressing and supporting the template, the bottom feet of the template are ensured not to float upwards and not to move, and the upper part of the suspended bevel rib template uses the steel bars as diagonal braces to transfer side pressure to the steel bar framework of the bottom plate;
(2) Constructing a wall column structure; the method specifically comprises the following steps: roughening a construction joint, cleaning, waterproofing, binding reinforcing steel bars, installing a template, pouring concrete, removing a mould and maintaining the concrete; the main reinforcement is connected by adopting rolling straight threads when the reinforcement is bound, the reinforcement joint is screwed after the reinforcement wire heads to be connected are screwed into the connecting sleeves with the same specification, and the reinforcement joint is sequentially connected from one end to the other end when the reinforcement is connected;
(3) Constructing a middle plate and a top plate structure; the method specifically comprises the following steps: setting up a template support, treating a construction joint, binding reinforcing steel bars, installing a plug template, pouring concrete, removing a concrete form, and maintaining; the concrete pump pipe is put into a bin during concrete pouring, and the inclined plane is poured in layers; the exposed length of the inclined plane is 2m, the layering thickness is 600mm, and the vibrated concrete is subjected to secondary vibration before the initial setting of the concrete, so that water and gaps generated at the lower parts of coarse aggregate and horizontal ribs due to bleeding are removed, the bond strength between the concrete and the steel bars is improved, the compactness is enhanced, and the crack resistance is improved; the concrete at the node is subjected to a principle of 'high before low', namely, high-strength grade concrete is poured firstly, low-strength grade concrete is poured later, the concrete is conveyed to be in place by a bucket or a concrete pump, layered vibration is carried out, and meanwhile, the vibration is enhanced for a core area with dense node reinforcing steel bars.
The concrete steps of the steel bar binding are as follows: respectively establishing three-dimensional models of a structural bottom plate, a wall column structure, a middle plate and a top plate structure, and generating and exporting a steel bar construction image; positioning and paying off the main reinforcements in all directions of each structure according to the reinforcement construction image, and installing the main reinforcements; according to the dimensional change conditions of the structural bottom plate, the wall column structure, the middle plate and the top plate structure, the setting direction and the mounting quantity of the main ribs are adjusted in real time; hooping is sleeved at proper positions of the main reinforcements in all directions; the stirrups are arranged according to the intervals of the stirrups, and are fixed with the corresponding main stirrups; and (5) binding the encrypted ribs at the node positions of the main ribs.
Concrete pouring is carried out along the length directions of the bottom plate, the wall column structure, the middle plate and the top plate, and the structures are continuously poured; a plurality of pouring pipes are uniformly and alternately arranged along the length direction of the structure, the pouring pipes are pushed from one end to the other end along the length direction during pouring, the pouring pipes are used for pouring simultaneously, and concrete is simultaneously conveyed to the pouring pipes by a concrete pump.
The pouring pipes are connected into a whole through a connecting piece, and the driving device uniformly controls the pouring pipes to translate or lift at the same time so as to reach a target position; and the control device is used for controlling the casting pipes to sequentially cast the same concrete.
Because of the waterproof requirement of the side wall, the side wall template does not adopt a split bolt to fix the template, a single-side bracket is adopted to reinforce the side wall template, and a custom-made 0.6mx1.5msteel mould is adopted for the side wall template; the unilateral support comprises two parts of a buried part system and a frame body, the buried part system comprises an anchor bolt, a connecting nut, an inner connecting rod, an outer nut and a pressing beam, the anchor bolt is embedded in a foundation, the upper end of the anchor bolt is connected with one end of the inner connecting rod through the connecting nut, the other end of the inner connecting rod penetrates through the pressing beam and is connected with the outer connecting rod through the outer nut, the pressing beam is propped against the back of the side wall template, and the connecting nut simultaneously fixes the inner connecting rod and the pressing beam.
When the concrete is poured, a water stop belt is firstly arranged for the concrete construction of the construction joint, and the joint is lapped, wherein the lapping length is 10cm; before concrete is poured, cement mortar with the same label as that of the poured concrete is firstly laid on the base surface by 25mm in the horizontal construction joint, and the mold entering point is controlled to have a certain distance from the base surface in the circumferential direction or the vertical construction joint.
The concrete form removal should follow the principle of first supporting and then removing, and then supporting and first removing; firstly, detaching a template which is not bearing, and then detaching a template of a bearing part; from top to bottom, the bracket is firstly disassembled to laterally support, and then the vertical support is disassembled; dismantling the wall column template when the strength of the concrete reaches 1.5 MPa; after the middle plate and the top plate template are removed, a certain number of top support structures are reserved to play a supporting role.
Example 2
The construction method of the station main body structure comprises the following steps:
(1) Constructing a structural bottom plate; the method specifically comprises the following steps: base surface treatment, cushion layer and waterproof construction, steel bar binding, template installation, concrete pouring, concrete form removal and maintenance; the template of the structural bottom plate comprises bevel rib templates at two sides, the bevel rib templates are fixed through a steel bar framework of the structural bottom plate, the bottom of each bevel rib template is formed by spot welding of steel bars and the steel bars of the structural bottom plate to have three functions of blocking, pressing and supporting the template, the bottom feet of the template are ensured not to float upwards and not to move, and the upper part of the suspended bevel rib template uses the steel bars as diagonal braces to transfer side pressure to the steel bar framework of the bottom plate;
(2) Constructing a wall column structure; the method specifically comprises the following steps: roughening a construction joint, cleaning, waterproofing, binding reinforcing steel bars, installing a template, pouring concrete, removing a mould and maintaining the concrete; the main reinforcement is connected by adopting rolling straight threads when the reinforcement is bound, the reinforcement joint is screwed after the reinforcement wire heads to be connected are screwed into the connecting sleeves with the same specification, and the reinforcement joint is sequentially connected from one end to the other end when the reinforcement is connected;
(3) Constructing a middle plate and a top plate structure; the method specifically comprises the following steps: setting up a template support, treating a construction joint, binding reinforcing steel bars, installing a plug template, pouring concrete, removing a concrete form, and maintaining; the concrete pump pipe is put into a bin during concrete pouring, and the inclined plane is poured in layers; the exposed length of the inclined plane is 4m, the layering thickness is 400mm, and the vibrated concrete is subjected to secondary vibration before the initial setting of the concrete, so that water and gaps generated at the lower parts of coarse aggregate and horizontal ribs due to bleeding are removed, the bond strength between the concrete and the steel bars is improved, the compactness is enhanced, and the crack resistance is improved; the concrete at the node is subjected to a principle of 'high before low', namely, high-strength grade concrete is poured firstly, low-strength grade concrete is poured later, the concrete is conveyed to be in place by a bucket or a concrete pump, layered vibration is carried out, and meanwhile, the vibration is enhanced for a core area with dense node reinforcing steel bars.
The concrete steps of the steel bar binding are as follows: respectively establishing three-dimensional models of a structural bottom plate, a wall column structure, a middle plate and a top plate structure, and generating and exporting a steel bar construction image; positioning and paying off the main reinforcements in all directions of each structure according to the reinforcement construction image, and installing the main reinforcements; according to the dimensional change conditions of the structural bottom plate, the wall column structure, the middle plate and the top plate structure, the setting direction and the mounting quantity of the main ribs are adjusted in real time; hooping is sleeved at proper positions of the main reinforcements in all directions; the stirrups are arranged according to the intervals of the stirrups, and are fixed with the corresponding main stirrups; and (5) binding the encrypted ribs at the node positions of the main ribs.
Concrete pouring is carried out along the length directions of the bottom plate, the wall column structure, the middle plate and the top plate, and the structures are continuously poured; a plurality of pouring pipes are uniformly and alternately arranged along the length direction of the structure, the pouring pipes are pushed from one end to the other end along the length direction during pouring, the pouring pipes are used for pouring simultaneously, and concrete is simultaneously conveyed to the pouring pipes by a concrete pump.
The pouring pipes are connected into a whole through a connecting piece, and the driving device uniformly controls the pouring pipes to translate or lift at the same time so as to reach a target position; and the control device is used for controlling the casting pipes to sequentially cast the same concrete.
Because of the waterproof requirement of the side wall, the side wall template does not adopt a split bolt to fix the template, a single-side bracket is adopted to reinforce the side wall template, and a custom-made 0.6mx1.5msteel mould is adopted for the side wall template; the unilateral support comprises two parts of a buried part system and a frame body, the buried part system comprises an anchor bolt, a connecting nut, an inner connecting rod, an outer nut and a pressing beam, the anchor bolt is embedded in a foundation, the upper end of the anchor bolt is connected with one end of the inner connecting rod through the connecting nut, the other end of the inner connecting rod penetrates through the pressing beam and is connected with the outer connecting rod through the outer nut, the pressing beam is propped against the back of the side wall template, and the connecting nut simultaneously fixes the inner connecting rod and the pressing beam.
When the concrete is poured, a water stop belt is firstly arranged for the concrete construction of the construction joint, and the joint is lapped, wherein the lapping length is 10cm; before concrete is poured, cement mortar with the same label as that of the poured concrete is firstly laid on the base surface by 30mm in the horizontal construction joint, and the mold entering point is controlled to have a certain distance from the base surface by the annular or vertical construction joint.
The concrete form removal should follow the principle of first supporting and then removing, and then supporting and first removing; firstly, detaching a template which is not bearing, and then detaching a template of a bearing part; from top to bottom, the bracket is firstly disassembled to laterally support, and then the vertical support is disassembled; dismantling the wall column template when the strength of the concrete reaches 1.5 MPa; after the middle plate and the top plate template are removed, a certain number of top support structures are reserved to play a supporting role.
In order to further improve the technical effect of the present invention, in this embodiment, when the column template is mounted:
A. after the column reinforcement cage is bound, three arc-shaped templates are placed on the periphery of the column reinforcement cage and are encircled to form a complete cylinder.
The both sides of every arc template extend have with template equal high-pass long concave-convex shape connecting seat, adjacent when encircleing into complete cylinder concave-convex shape connecting seat can be as an organic whole through concave-convex structure joint, and the even interval is provided with the through-hole in the direction of height on the concave-convex shape connecting seat.
B. The outside joint of the template that surrounds into complete cylinder is a plurality of double-fitting rand, every rand is the semicircle form, and the tip of rand is provided with the clamp structure, is provided with the perforation bolt on the clamp structure.
The clamping rings matched in pairs can be encircled to form a complete ring, the clamping rings are clamped on the outer side of the template, a perforation bolt on the clamp structure penetrates through the through hole and is locked, and then the clamp structure is matched to clamp the concave-convex connecting seat; the ring formed by surrounding the clamping rings in a two-by-two matching mode is provided with multiple layers up and down, and the setting position of each layer is consistent with the position of the through hole.
In the embodiment, the arc-shaped templates are surrounded into a whole, and the arc-shaped templates are fixed by utilizing the relative structures such as the concave-convex connecting seat, the clamping ring and the like, so that the vertical dislocation and the left-right separation are avoided, the mounting and dismounting processes of the column templates can be simplified, and the labor intensity of constructors is reduced; the connection strength and the connection density are improved, so that the stability of the template structure is improved, and the durability of the template is improved.
Example 3
The construction method of the station main body structure comprises the following steps:
(1) Constructing a structural bottom plate; the method specifically comprises the following steps: base surface treatment, cushion layer and waterproof construction, steel bar binding, template installation, concrete pouring, concrete form removal and maintenance; the template of the structural bottom plate comprises bevel rib templates at two sides, the bevel rib templates are fixed through a steel bar framework of the structural bottom plate, the bottom of each bevel rib template is formed by spot welding of steel bars and the steel bars of the structural bottom plate to have three functions of blocking, pressing and supporting the template, the bottom feet of the template are ensured not to float upwards and not to move, and the upper part of the suspended bevel rib template uses the steel bars as diagonal braces to transfer side pressure to the steel bar framework of the bottom plate;
(2) Constructing a wall column structure; the method specifically comprises the following steps: roughening a construction joint, cleaning, waterproofing, binding reinforcing steel bars, installing a template, pouring concrete, removing a mould and maintaining the concrete; the main reinforcement is connected by adopting rolling straight threads when the reinforcement is bound, the reinforcement joint is screwed after the reinforcement wire heads to be connected are screwed into the connecting sleeves with the same specification, and the reinforcement joint is sequentially connected from one end to the other end when the reinforcement is connected;
(3) Constructing a middle plate and a top plate structure; the method specifically comprises the following steps: setting up a template support, treating a construction joint, binding reinforcing steel bars, installing a plug template, pouring concrete, removing a concrete form, and maintaining; the concrete pump pipe is put into a bin during concrete pouring, and the inclined plane is poured in layers; the exposure length of the inclined plane is 3m, the layering thickness is 500mm, and the vibrated concrete is subjected to secondary vibration before the initial setting of the concrete, so that water and gaps generated at the lower parts of coarse aggregate and horizontal ribs due to bleeding are removed, the bond strength between the concrete and the steel bars is improved, the compactness is enhanced, and the crack resistance is improved; the concrete at the node is subjected to a principle of 'high before low', namely, high-strength grade concrete is poured firstly, low-strength grade concrete is poured later, the concrete is conveyed to be in place by a bucket or a concrete pump, layered vibration is carried out, and meanwhile, the vibration is enhanced for a core area with dense node reinforcing steel bars.
The concrete steps of the steel bar binding are as follows: respectively establishing three-dimensional models of a structural bottom plate, a wall column structure, a middle plate and a top plate structure, and generating and exporting a steel bar construction image; positioning and paying off the main reinforcements in all directions of each structure according to the reinforcement construction image, and installing the main reinforcements; according to the dimensional change conditions of the structural bottom plate, the wall column structure, the middle plate and the top plate structure, the setting direction and the mounting quantity of the main ribs are adjusted in real time; hooping is sleeved at proper positions of the main reinforcements in all directions; the stirrups are arranged according to the intervals of the stirrups, and are fixed with the corresponding main stirrups; and (5) binding the encrypted ribs at the node positions of the main ribs.
Concrete pouring is carried out along the length directions of the bottom plate, the wall column structure, the middle plate and the top plate, and the structures are continuously poured; a plurality of pouring pipes are uniformly and alternately arranged along the length direction of the structure, the pouring pipes are pushed from one end to the other end along the length direction during pouring, the pouring pipes are used for pouring simultaneously, and concrete is simultaneously conveyed to the pouring pipes by a concrete pump.
The pouring pipes are connected into a whole through a connecting piece, and the driving device uniformly controls the pouring pipes to translate or lift at the same time so as to reach a target position; and the control device is used for controlling the casting pipes to sequentially cast the same concrete.
Because of the waterproof requirement of the side wall, the side wall template does not adopt a split bolt to fix the template, a single-side bracket is adopted to reinforce the side wall template, and a custom-made 0.6mx1.5msteel mould is adopted for the side wall template; the unilateral support comprises two parts of a buried part system and a frame body, the buried part system comprises an anchor bolt, a connecting nut, an inner connecting rod, an outer nut and a pressing beam, the anchor bolt is embedded in a foundation, the upper end of the anchor bolt is connected with one end of the inner connecting rod through the connecting nut, the other end of the inner connecting rod penetrates through the pressing beam and is connected with the outer connecting rod through the outer nut, the pressing beam is propped against the back of the side wall template, and the connecting nut simultaneously fixes the inner connecting rod and the pressing beam.
When the concrete is poured, a water stop belt is firstly arranged for the concrete construction of the construction joint, and the joint is lapped, wherein the lapping length is 10cm; before concrete is poured, cement mortar with the same mark as that of the poured concrete is firstly laid on a base surface by 28mm in the horizontal construction joint, and a certain distance is reserved between a mould entering point and the base surface in the circumferential or vertical construction joint.
The concrete form removal should follow the principle of first supporting and then removing, and then supporting and first removing; firstly, detaching a template which is not bearing, and then detaching a template of a bearing part; from top to bottom, the bracket is firstly disassembled to laterally support, and then the vertical support is disassembled; dismantling the wall column template when the strength of the concrete reaches 1.5 MPa; after the middle plate and the top plate template are removed, a certain number of top support structures are reserved to play a supporting role.
In addition, in order to further improve the technical effect of the invention, in the embodiment, the equipment used for curing the concrete comprises a curing bracket, wherein a plurality of layers of horizontal water spraying pipes are arranged on the curing bracket along the height direction, a plurality of nozzles are arranged on each layer of horizontal water spraying pipes, and the horizontal water spraying pipes are fixedly connected with a water inlet pipe. Be provided with drive arrangement on the maintenance support, this drive arrangement can drive the horizontal spray pipe of multilayer and wholly go up and down simultaneously, also can adjust the height of every layer of horizontal spray pipe alone, can carry out the position adjustment according to the area and the volume of the concrete structure of needs maintenance from this, can guarantee the water spray position and the water spray effect when maintenance more accurately, guarantee the maintenance effect greatly.
The horizontal water spraying pipe is provided with the temperature sensor and the flow control valve, the temperature sensor can monitor the temperature of the concrete structure, automatically judge whether water spraying maintenance is needed, and control the flow control valve to adjust the water spraying amount according to the specific temperature, so that the maintenance effect is controlled more accurately, and the waste of water is avoided.
When the concrete structure needs to be subjected to water spraying maintenance, the maintenance equipment and the mode in the embodiment are used for spraying water on the concrete structure, so that the water spraying position and the water spraying amount can be changed and adjusted, automatic water spraying maintenance is facilitated, the water spraying efficiency is improved, and labor force and water resources are saved.
According to the embodiment, the method disclosed by the invention is simple and convenient to construct and fast in progress, solves the technical problems of construction defects and poor overall stability of the existing subway station, and greatly improves the construction quality and efficiency and the overall strength and stability of the main body structure of the station.
The station structure constructed by the method is simple and safer in stress, does not need system conversion, and is more favorable in earthquake resistance; the construction process saves labor force, can accelerate the construction period, and is environment-friendly and energy-saving; the template has high installation efficiency and stable quality, and well ensures the engineering quality.
The invention solves the problem of difficult binding of stirrups caused by dense reinforcement of large engineering quantity, and ensures accurate in-place installation of the reinforcement bars and quality overstretch; the waste of manpower and materials is reduced, the installation difficulty is effectively reduced, the construction period cost is saved, and the installation quality is ensured.
The concrete pouring mode of the invention can not generate layering of the poured concrete, radically eliminates the problem of cracking at layered connection positions, and provides technical guidance for setting integral concrete pouring; the casting process is continuous and reliable, and the segregation phenomenon of concrete is prevented; meanwhile, the reinforced template concrete pouring process is safe and reliable, and the pouring efficiency is high.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention in any way, and any person skilled in the art may make modifications or alterations to the disclosed technical content to the equivalent embodiments. However, any simple modification, equivalent variation and variation of the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The construction method of the station main body structure is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Constructing a structural bottom plate; the method specifically comprises the following steps: base surface treatment, cushion layer and waterproof construction, steel bar binding, template installation, concrete pouring, concrete form removal and maintenance; the template of the structural bottom plate comprises bevel rib templates at two sides, the bevel rib templates are fixed through a steel bar framework of the structural bottom plate, the bottom of each bevel rib template is welded with the steel bars of the structural bottom plate by using the steel bars, and the upper part of each suspended bevel rib template is used as an inclined strut by using the steel bars;
(2) Constructing a wall column structure; the method specifically comprises the following steps: roughening a construction joint, cleaning, waterproofing, binding reinforcing steel bars, installing a template, pouring concrete, removing a mould and maintaining the concrete; the main reinforcement is connected by adopting rolling straight threads when the reinforcement is bound, the reinforcement joint is screwed after the reinforcement wire heads to be connected are screwed into the connecting sleeves with the same specification, and the reinforcement joint is sequentially connected from one end to the other end when the reinforcement is connected;
(3) Constructing a middle plate and a top plate structure; the method specifically comprises the following steps: setting up a template support, treating a construction joint, binding reinforcing steel bars, installing a plug template, pouring concrete, removing a concrete form, and maintaining; the concrete pump pipe is put into a bin during concrete pouring, and the inclined plane is poured in layers; the exposed length of the inclined plane is 2-4m, the layering thickness is 400-600mm, and the vibrated concrete is subjected to secondary vibration before the initial setting of the concrete; the node is firstly poured with high-strength grade concrete, then poured with low-strength grade concrete, the concrete is conveyed to be in place by a bucket or a concrete pump, and the node is vibrated in a layered manner, and meanwhile, the vibration is enhanced for the core area with dense node reinforcing steel bars.
2. The construction method of a station main structure according to claim 1, wherein the concrete steps of the reinforcement binding are: respectively establishing three-dimensional models of a structural bottom plate, a wall column structure, a middle plate and a top plate structure, and generating and exporting a steel bar construction image; positioning and paying off the main reinforcements in all directions of each structure according to the reinforcement construction image, and installing the main reinforcements; according to the dimensional change conditions of the structural bottom plate, the wall column structure, the middle plate and the top plate structure, the setting direction and the mounting quantity of the main ribs are adjusted in real time; hooping is sleeved at proper positions of the main reinforcements in all directions; the stirrups are arranged according to the intervals of the stirrups, and are fixed with the corresponding main stirrups; and (5) binding the encrypted ribs at the node positions of the main ribs.
3. The construction method of the station main body structure according to claim 2, wherein concrete pouring is performed along the length directions of the bottom plate, the wall column structure, the middle plate and the top plate of the structure, and the structures are continuously poured; a plurality of pouring pipes are uniformly and alternately arranged along the length direction of the structure, the pouring pipes are pushed from one end to the other end in the length direction during pouring, the pouring pipes are used for pouring simultaneously, and concrete is simultaneously conveyed to the pouring pipes by a concrete pump.
4. A construction method of a station main structure according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the pouring pipes are connected as a whole by a connecting piece, and the simultaneous translation or lifting of the pouring pipes is uniformly controlled by a driving device so as to reach a target position; and the control device is used for controlling the casting pipes to sequentially cast the same concrete.
5. The method for constructing a station main structure according to claim 4, wherein the side wall templates are reinforced by single-side brackets, and customized 0.6mx1.5msteel forms are adopted for the side wall templates; the unilateral support comprises two parts of a buried part system and a frame body, the buried part system comprises an anchor bolt, a connecting nut, an inner connecting rod, an outer nut and a pressing beam, the anchor bolt is embedded in a foundation, the upper end of the anchor bolt is connected with one end of the inner connecting rod through the connecting nut, the other end of the inner connecting rod penetrates through the pressing beam and is connected with the outer connecting rod through the outer nut, the pressing beam is propped against the back of the side wall template, and the connecting nut simultaneously fixes the inner connecting rod and the pressing beam.
6. The construction method of the station main structure according to claim 5, wherein, when the concrete is poured, for the concrete construction of the construction joint, a water stop belt is firstly arranged, and the joint is lapped, and the lapping length is 10cm; before concrete is poured, cement mortar with the same label as that of the poured concrete is firstly laid on the base surface by 25-30mm in the horizontal construction joint, and the mold entering point is controlled to have a certain distance from the base surface by the circumferential or vertical construction joint.
7. The construction method of a station main structure according to claim 6, wherein the concrete form removal is performed according to a principle of first supporting and then removing, and then supporting and first removing; firstly, detaching a template which is not bearing, and then detaching a template of a bearing part; from top to bottom, the bracket is firstly disassembled to laterally support, and then the vertical support is disassembled; dismantling the wall column template when the strength of the concrete reaches 1.5 MPa; after the middle plate and the top plate template are removed, a certain number of top support structures are reserved to play a supporting role.
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