CN116119656A - Low-energy-consumption graphitizing furnace and graphitizing process for graphite cathode material of lithium ion battery - Google Patents
Low-energy-consumption graphitizing furnace and graphitizing process for graphite cathode material of lithium ion battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN116119656A CN116119656A CN202310231148.5A CN202310231148A CN116119656A CN 116119656 A CN116119656 A CN 116119656A CN 202310231148 A CN202310231148 A CN 202310231148A CN 116119656 A CN116119656 A CN 116119656A
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 142
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000005087 graphitization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011329 calcined coke Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002008 calcined petroleum coke Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B17/00—Furnaces of a kind not covered by any preceding group
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/05—Preparation or purification of carbon not covered by groups C01B32/15, C01B32/20, C01B32/25, C01B32/30
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/20—Graphite
- C01B32/205—Preparation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D11/00—Arrangement of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces
- F27D11/08—Heating by electric discharge, e.g. arc discharge
- F27D11/10—Disposition of electrodes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-energy consumption graphitizing furnace for a graphite cathode material of a lithium ion battery, which comprises a furnace body and a conductive electrode, wherein the furnace body is provided with a graphite cathode; the furnace body is internally provided with a containing cavity; the conductive electrode is arranged on the furnace body; the front and rear inner walls of the accommodating cavity are sequentially provided with a first coke powder layer, a first graphite block layer, a second coke powder layer and a second graphite block layer from outside to inside; the upper and lower inner walls of the accommodating cavity are sequentially provided with an insulating layer and a carbon fiber felt layer from outside to inside. Through being provided with the charcoal piece core that generates heat in the holding intracavity, the charcoal piece core that generates heat of again cooperates is a plurality of that vertically and horizontally staggered interval was arranged for its when generating heat, the temperature in the holding intracavity more even, and the product quality of preparing is more stable, and at the early stage of graphitization, charcoal piece core that generates heat alone is served as the core that generates heat, and in step by step heating process, charcoal piece core that generates heat can scatter the pulverization to with negative pole graphite powder together as the core that generates heat in the middle-late stage of graphitization, the resistance is bigger, and the calorific capacity is bigger.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a low-energy-consumption graphitizing furnace and graphitizing process for a graphite cathode material of a lithium ion battery.
Background
With the wide application and rapid development of various portable electronic devices and electric automobiles, the requirements and performance requirements of people on various electric product power supplies are also higher and higher, and the lithium ion battery has been successfully and widely applied to the field of mobile electronic terminal equipment in recent ten years by virtue of the superior comprehensive performances such as charge and discharge performance, long cycle performance and the like. The improvement in performance of lithium ion batteries depends primarily on the properties of the electrode materials. At present, commercial lithium ion batteries mainly adopt graphite negative electrode materials, wherein the artificial graphite negative electrode has wider application due to the advantages of long circulation and high multiplying power. However, all artificial graphite anode materials are subjected to a graphitization process with high energy consumption, and the mainstream graphitization furnaces in the market are acheson furnaces, which are classified into crucible furnaces and box furnaces. In the early stage of crucible furnaces, graphite powder is filled in a graphite crucible, a plurality of crucibles are buried in parallel and vertically in resistance materials of the Acheson furnace, and the resistance materials around the crucible are electrified in the length direction of a furnace body to heat the crucible indirectly and finally the graphite powder in the crucible is heated indirectly. In the furnace type, 70% of heat energy is used for heating resistor materials, heat preservation materials, furnace heads and furnace tail brickworks during the electrified heating period, the electrified time is long, the heat loss is large, the heat efficiency of the furnace body is only about 30%, so that the heat efficiency is difficult to fully utilize, and the graphitization finished product has high power consumption, but has the advantages of stable quality and high yield.
In order to reduce energy consumption, patent CN 105036125B is based on an acheson graphitizing furnace, a carbon plate box body is arranged in the furnace, a heat insulation layer is filled between the carbon plate box body and a furnace wall body, a carbon block heating core arranged in the carbon plate box body is utilized for heating, so that energy consumption is greatly reduced, productivity is improved, but due to the problem of heating body distribution, heating temperature is often uneven, quality is unstable, and the risk of foreign matter rise due to the fact that a material is mixed in a broken state after heating for many times is generated by a heating body, so that the graphitizing furnace with lower energy consumption and uniform graphite cathode material is developed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims at overcoming the defects of the prior art, and its main purpose is to provide a low-energy consumption graphitizing furnace and graphitizing process for a graphite negative electrode material of a lithium ion battery, which can effectively solve the problem that the heating temperature of the low-energy consumption graphitizing furnace and graphitizing process for the graphite negative electrode material of the lithium ion battery is often uneven, resulting in unstable quality.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a low-energy graphitizing furnace for a graphite cathode material of a lithium ion battery comprises a furnace body and a conductive electrode; the furnace body is internally provided with a containing cavity for containing negative graphite powder; the conductive electrode is arranged on the furnace body, one end of the conductive electrode extends into the accommodating cavity, and the other end of the conductive electrode extends out of the furnace body; the front and rear inner walls of the accommodating cavity are sequentially provided with a first coke powder layer, a first graphite block layer, a second coke powder layer and a second graphite block layer from outside to inside; the upper and lower inner walls of the accommodating cavity are sequentially provided with an insulating layer and a carbon fiber felt layer from outside to inside; and the accommodating cavity is internally provided with a carbon block heating core, the carbon block heating core is formed by superposing a plurality of strip-shaped negative electrode blocks, the size of the carbon block heating core is 1000mm multiplied by 100mm multiplied by 500mm, and the carbon block heating cores are a plurality of the carbon block heating cores which are distributed in a crisscross way at intervals.
As a preferable scheme, a plurality of steel casting upright posts are convexly arranged on the outer side of the furnace body.
As a preferable scheme, the furnace body is made of refractory bricks, so that the physical property and chemical property of the furnace body are still stable at high temperature.
As a preferable scheme, the heat preservation layer is made of superfine low-ash coal powder, low-cost superfine low-ash coal powder is used as the heat preservation layer, the heat preservation effect is good, the resistance is high, the electricity consumption is enabled to act on the negative electrode graphite powder, and the produced product is high in quality and small in loss.
As a preferable scheme, the first coke powder layer and the second coke powder layer are made of graphitized calcined coke powder, and the particle size of the graphitized calcined coke powder is 0-2mm.
As a preferable scheme, the conductive electrode is provided with a cooling water hole, and water can be injected into the conductive electrode to cool down in the working process of the graphitization furnace, so that the conductive electrode is prevented from overheating.
The graphitization process is characterized in that the graphitization process is carried out on negative electrode graphite powder by using the low-energy graphitization furnace for the lithium ion battery graphite negative electrode material, and comprises the following steps:
step (1)
Carbon fiber felt layers are arranged on the upper and lower inner walls of a containing cavity of a graphitizing furnace, a gap of 600-700mm is reserved between the carbon fiber felt layers and the upper and lower inner walls of the containing cavity, superfine low-ash coal dust is filled in the gap to form a heat preservation layer, two graphite walls are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends of the containing cavity at intervals to form a first graphite block layer and a second graphite block layer, the gap between the first graphite block layer and the inner wall of the containing cavity and the gap between the first graphite block layer and the second graphite block layer are 200mm, graphitized calcined coke powder with the particle size of 0-2mm is filled in the two gaps to form a first coke powder layer and a second coke powder layer, and then a conductive electrode is arranged on the graphitizing furnace;
step (2)
Arranging a plurality of carbon block heating cores in a containing cavity, wherein the carbon block heating cores are arranged in the containing cavity at intervals in a crisscross manner, adding negative graphite powder into the containing cavity by using an overhead travelling crane, spreading and compacting by using a tool after filling, leaking out the upper end of the carbon block heating cores, and obtaining the carbon block heating cores through hot isostatic pressing of the negative graphite powder, wherein the hot isostatic pressing treatment temperature is 300-600 ℃, the pressure is 30-50Mpa, and the time is 1-2h;
step (3)
Two breather holes with the diameter of 300mm are formed in each carbon fiber felt layer at intervals of 1-2m, wherein the distance between the centers of the two breather holes at two ends of the carbon fiber felt layer and the front and rear inner walls of the accommodating cavity is 1.2m, and calcined petroleum coke with the particle size of 5-16mm is added into the breather holes for discharging volatile components;
step (4)
After charging, the conductive electrode is connected with a power supply to prepare power transmission, the temperature is raised to 1000 ℃ at the heating rate of 10-20 ℃/h in the early stage of graphitization, the temperature is raised to 2000 ℃ at the heating rate of 30-50 ℃/h in the middle stage of graphitization, and the temperature is raised to 3000 ℃ at the heating rate of 80-100 ℃/h in the later stage of graphitization; when the temperature in the furnace reaches 3000 ℃, preserving heat for 2-10h, and ending power transmission;
step (5)
After power transmission is finished, cooling by adopting a natural normal temperature cooling method until the power can be discharged;
step (6)
When the furnace is discharged, after the upper heat-insulating layer and the ventilation layer are removed, the carbon fiber felt layer can be removed when the temperature of the carbon fiber felt layer is lower than 80 ℃, and a negative pressure system with cooling is used for pumping materials and packaging the materials into ton bags, wherein a carbon block heating core is thermally dispersed in the graphitization process, and a coarse crusher is arranged at an inlet of the negative pressure system to be changed into powder, and the powder is pumped into the ton bags to be used as graphitized negative electrode graphite powder.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has obvious advantages and beneficial effects, and in particular, the technical scheme can be as follows:
through being provided with the charcoal piece core that generates heat in the holding intracavity, the charcoal piece core that generates heat of then cooperating is a plurality of that vertically and horizontally staggered interval was arranged for its when generating heat, the temperature in the holding intracavity is more even, the product quality of preparing is more stable, in the early stage of graphitization, the charcoal piece core that generates heat alone is served as the core that generates heat, in the gradual heating process, the charcoal piece core that generates heat can scatter the pulverization, and together regard as the core that generates heat in the middle-late stage of graphitization and negative pole graphite powder, the resistance is bigger, the calorific capacity is bigger, simultaneously, adopt the carbon fiber felt layer as ventilative layer, guarantee the gas permeability on the basis of cutting off, easily volatilize impurity such as magnetic substance, and the abundant space of carbon fiber felt does benefit to the furthest pressure release, guarantee the security, effectively avoid safety accident ground emergence such as spouting the stove. Finally, the carbon block heating core and the negative electrode graphite powder in the furnace belong to the same substance, and the materials can be discharged and mixed together to serve as a negative electrode material after graphitization, so that foreign matters do not need to be mixed, the production is carried out by the graphitization furnace under the process of the invention, the productivity can be greatly improved, the production cost is reduced, and the product quality is more reliable.
In order to more clearly illustrate the structural features and efficacy of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the receiving chamber in a preferred embodiment of the invention.
The attached drawings are used for identifying and describing:
10. furnace body 101, accommodation chamber
102. Cast steel upright 11, first coke powder layer
12. First graphite block layer 13 and second coke powder layer
14. Second graphite block layer 15 and heat insulation layer
16. Carbon fiber felt layer 17 and carbon block heating core
171. Strip-shaped negative electrode block 20 and conductive electrode
21. Cooling water holes.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, a specific structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown, which includes a furnace body 10 and a conductive electrode 20.
The furnace body 10 is internally provided with a containing cavity 101 for containing negative graphite powder; the front and rear inner walls of the accommodating cavity 101 are sequentially provided with a first coke powder layer 11, a first graphite block layer 12, a second coke powder layer 13 and a second graphite block layer 14 from outside to inside; the upper and lower inner walls of the accommodating cavity 101 are sequentially provided with an insulating layer 15 and a carbon fiber felt layer 16 from outside to inside; the accommodating cavity 101 is internally provided with carbon block heating cores 17, and the carbon block heating cores 17 are arranged in a plurality of crisscross intervals; in this embodiment, the carbon block heating core 17 is formed by stacking a plurality of strip-shaped negative electrode blocks 171, and the strip-shaped negative electrode blocks 171 are formed into the carbon block heating core 17 in a continuous pressing manner, so that the structure of the carbon block heating core 17 is more compact, the electrical conductivity and the thermal conductivity of the carbon block heating core 17 are improved, the performance of the generated negative electrode graphite material is better, and the size of the carbon block heating core 17 is 1000mm×100mm×500mm; a plurality of steel casting columns 102 are arranged on the outer side of the furnace body 10 in a protruding mode; the furnace body 10 is made of refractory bricks, so that the physical property and chemical property of the furnace body 10 are still stable at high temperature; in addition, the heat preservation layer 15 is made of superfine low-ash coal powder, the heat preservation layer 15 is made of low-cost superfine low-ash coal powder, the heat preservation effect is good, the resistance is high, the electricity consumption is enabled to act on the negative electrode graphite powder, and the produced product is high in quality and small in loss; and the first coke powder layer 11 and the second coke powder layer 13 are made of graphitized calcined coke powder, and the particle size of the graphitized calcined coke powder is 0-2mm.
The conductive electrode 20 is arranged on the furnace body 10, one end of the conductive electrode 20 extends into the accommodating cavity 101, and the other end of the conductive electrode 20 extends out of the furnace body 10. In this embodiment, the conductive electrode 20 is provided with a cooling water hole 21, so that water can be injected into the conductive electrode 20 to cool down during the operation of the graphitization furnace, thereby preventing the conductive electrode 20 from overheating.
The invention also discloses a graphitization process, which graphitizes negative electrode graphite powder by the low-energy graphitization furnace for the lithium ion battery graphite negative electrode material, and comprises the following steps:
step (1)
Carbon fiber felt layers are arranged on the upper and lower inner walls of a containing cavity of a graphitizing furnace, a gap of 600-700mm is reserved between the carbon fiber felt layers and the upper and lower inner walls of the containing cavity, superfine low-ash coal dust is filled in the gap to form a heat preservation layer, two graphite walls are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends of the containing cavity at intervals to form a first graphite block layer and a second graphite block layer, the gap between the first graphite block layer and the inner wall of the containing cavity and the gap between the first graphite block layer and the second graphite block layer are 200mm, graphitized calcined coke powder with the particle size of 0-2mm is filled in the two gaps to form a first coke powder layer and a second coke powder layer, and then a conductive electrode is arranged on the graphitizing furnace;
step (2)
Arranging a plurality of carbon block heating cores in a containing cavity, wherein the carbon block heating cores are arranged in the containing cavity at intervals in a crisscross manner, adding negative graphite powder into the containing cavity by using an overhead travelling crane, spreading and compacting by using a tool after filling, leaking out the upper end of the carbon block heating cores, and obtaining the carbon block heating cores through hot isostatic pressing of the negative graphite powder, wherein the hot isostatic pressing treatment temperature is 300-600 ℃, the pressure is 30-50Mpa, and the time is 1-2h;
step (3)
Two breather holes with the diameter of 300mm are formed in each carbon fiber felt layer at intervals of 1-2m, wherein the distance between the centers of the two breather holes at two ends of the carbon fiber felt layer and the front and rear inner walls of the accommodating cavity is 1.2m, and calcined petroleum coke with the particle size of 5-16mm is added into the breather holes for discharging volatile components;
step (4)
After charging, the conductive electrode is connected with a power supply to prepare power transmission, the temperature is raised to 1000 ℃ at the heating rate of 10-20 ℃/h in the early stage of graphitization, the temperature is raised to 2000 ℃ at the heating rate of 30-50 ℃/h in the middle stage of graphitization, and the temperature is raised to 3000 ℃ at the heating rate of 80-100 ℃/h in the later stage of graphitization; when the temperature in the furnace reaches 3000 ℃, preserving heat for 2-10h, and ending power transmission;
step (5)
After power transmission is finished, cooling by adopting a natural normal temperature cooling method until the power can be discharged;
step (6)
When the furnace is discharged, after the upper heat-insulating layer and the ventilation layer are removed, the carbon fiber felt layer can be removed when the temperature of the carbon fiber felt layer is lower than 80 ℃, and a negative pressure system with cooling is used for pumping materials and packaging the materials into ton bags, wherein a carbon block heating core is thermally dispersed in the graphitization process, and a coarse crusher is arranged at an inlet of the negative pressure system to be changed into powder, and the powder is pumped into the ton bags to be used as graphitized negative electrode graphite powder.
The following describes in detail the experimental parameters of examples and comparative examples shown in table 1 and the results of performance tests shown in table 2, wherein comparative example 1 uses a general acheson furnace and comparative example 2 uses a general box furnace.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
As can be seen from Table 2, the graphitization furnace and the graphitization process used in the invention have low energy consumption, good quality uniformity and high graphitization degree.
The design focus of the invention is that: through being provided with the charcoal piece core that generates heat in the holding intracavity, the charcoal piece core that generates heat of then cooperating is a plurality of that vertically and horizontally staggered interval was arranged for its when generating heat, the temperature in the holding intracavity is more even, the product quality of preparing is more stable, in the early stage of graphitization, the charcoal piece core that generates heat alone is served as the core that generates heat, in the gradual heating process, the charcoal piece core that generates heat can scatter the pulverization, and together regard as the core that generates heat in the middle-late stage of graphitization and negative pole graphite powder, the resistance is bigger, the calorific capacity is bigger, simultaneously, adopt the carbon fiber felt layer as ventilative layer, guarantee the gas permeability on the basis of cutting off, easily volatilize impurity such as magnetic substance, and the abundant space of carbon fiber felt does benefit to the furthest pressure release, guarantee the security, effectively avoid safety accident ground emergence such as spouting the stove. Finally, the carbon block heating core and the negative electrode graphite powder in the furnace belong to the same substance, and the materials can be discharged and mixed together to serve as a negative electrode material after graphitization, so that foreign matters do not need to be mixed, the production is carried out by the graphitization furnace under the process of the invention, the productivity can be greatly improved, the production cost is reduced, and the product quality is more reliable.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention, so any minor modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical principles of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A low-energy graphitizing furnace for a graphite cathode material of a lithium ion battery comprises a furnace body and a conductive electrode; the furnace body is internally provided with a containing cavity for containing negative graphite powder; the conductive electrode is arranged on the furnace body, one end of the conductive electrode extends into the accommodating cavity, and the other end of the conductive electrode extends out of the furnace body; the method is characterized in that: the front and rear inner walls of the accommodating cavity are sequentially provided with a first coke powder layer, a first graphite block layer, a second coke powder layer and a second graphite block layer from outside to inside; the upper and lower inner walls of the accommodating cavity are sequentially provided with an insulating layer and a carbon fiber felt layer from outside to inside; and the accommodating cavity is internally provided with a carbon block heating core, the carbon block heating core is formed by superposing a plurality of strip-shaped negative electrode blocks, the size of the carbon block heating core is 1000mm multiplied by 100mm multiplied by 500mm, and the carbon block heating cores are a plurality of the carbon block heating cores which are distributed in a crisscross way at intervals.
2. The low-energy graphitization furnace for the lithium ion battery graphite anode material according to claim 1, wherein: and a plurality of steel casting upright posts are convexly arranged on the outer side of the furnace body.
3. The low-energy graphitization furnace for the lithium ion battery graphite anode material according to claim 1, wherein: the furnace body is made of refractory bricks.
4. The low-energy graphitization furnace for the lithium ion battery graphite anode material according to claim 1, wherein: the heat preservation layer is made of superfine low-ash coal powder.
5. The low-energy graphitization furnace for the lithium ion battery graphite anode material according to claim 1, wherein: the first coke powder layer and the second coke powder layer are made of graphitized calcined coke powder, and the particle size of the graphitized calcined coke powder is 0-2mm.
6. The low-energy graphitization furnace for the lithium ion battery graphite anode material according to claim 1, wherein: and cooling water holes are formed in the conductive electrodes.
7. A graphitization process, characterized by: graphitizing negative electrode graphite powder by the low energy consumption graphitizing furnace for lithium ion battery graphite negative electrode material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
step (1)
Carbon fiber felt layers are arranged on the upper and lower inner walls of a containing cavity of a graphitizing furnace, a gap of 600-700mm is reserved between the carbon fiber felt layers and the upper and lower inner walls of the containing cavity, superfine low-ash coal dust is filled in the gap to form a heat preservation layer, two graphite walls are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends of the containing cavity at intervals to form a first graphite block layer and a second graphite block layer, the gap between the first graphite block layer and the inner wall of the containing cavity and the gap between the first graphite block layer and the second graphite block layer are 200mm, graphitized calcined coke powder with the particle size of 0-2mm is filled in the two gaps to form a first coke powder layer and a second coke powder layer, and then a conductive electrode is arranged on the graphitizing furnace;
step (2)
Arranging a plurality of carbon block heating cores in a containing cavity, wherein the carbon block heating cores are arranged in the containing cavity at intervals in a crisscross manner, adding negative graphite powder into the containing cavity by using an overhead travelling crane, spreading and compacting by using a tool after filling, leaking out the upper end of the carbon block heating cores, and obtaining the carbon block heating cores through hot isostatic pressing of the negative graphite powder, wherein the hot isostatic pressing treatment temperature is 300-600 ℃, the pressure is 30-50Mpa, and the time is 1-2h;
step (3)
Two breather holes with the diameter of 300mm are formed in each carbon fiber felt layer at intervals of 1-2m, wherein the distance between the centers of the two breather holes at two ends of the carbon fiber felt layer and the front and rear inner walls of the accommodating cavity is 1.2m, and calcined petroleum coke with the particle size of 5-16mm is added into the breather holes for discharging volatile components;
step (4)
After charging, the conductive electrode is connected with a power supply to prepare power transmission, the temperature is raised to 1000 ℃ at the heating rate of 10-20 ℃/h in the early stage of graphitization, the temperature is raised to 2000 ℃ at the heating rate of 30-50 ℃/h in the middle stage of graphitization, and the temperature is raised to 3000 ℃ at the heating rate of 80-100 ℃/h in the later stage of graphitization; when the temperature in the furnace reaches 3000 ℃, preserving heat for 2-10h, and ending power transmission;
step (5)
After power transmission is finished, cooling by adopting a natural normal temperature cooling method until the power can be discharged;
step (6)
When the furnace is discharged, after the upper heat-insulating layer and the ventilation layer are removed, the carbon fiber felt layer can be removed when the temperature of the carbon fiber felt layer is lower than 80 ℃, and a negative pressure system with cooling is used for pumping materials and packaging the materials into ton bags, wherein a carbon block heating core is thermally dispersed in the graphitization process, and a coarse crusher is arranged at an inlet of the negative pressure system to be changed into powder, and the powder is pumped into the ton bags to be used as graphitized negative electrode graphite powder.
Priority Applications (1)
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| WO2022077550A1 (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2022-04-21 | 邓银常 | Carbonization treatment method for negative electrode material of lithium ion battery and carbonization furnace thereof |
| CN216668304U (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-06-03 | 胡广林 | Box furnace with good capping and air permeability |
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| JPH10338512A (en) * | 1997-06-05 | 1998-12-22 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Graphitization electric furnace |
| JP2002100359A (en) * | 2000-09-26 | 2002-04-05 | Petoca Ltd | Graphite material for negative electrode of lithium secondary battery, and its manufacturing method |
| CN105036125A (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2015-11-11 | 耿巨泉 | Lithium-battery negative electrode material graphitization furnace and graphitization technology |
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| WO2022077550A1 (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2022-04-21 | 邓银常 | Carbonization treatment method for negative electrode material of lithium ion battery and carbonization furnace thereof |
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