CN116098092A - Synergistic silver carp culture method - Google Patents
Synergistic silver carp culture method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116098092A CN116098092A CN202310181523.XA CN202310181523A CN116098092A CN 116098092 A CN116098092 A CN 116098092A CN 202310181523 A CN202310181523 A CN 202310181523A CN 116098092 A CN116098092 A CN 116098092A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
- A01K61/13—Prevention or treatment of fish diseases
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a synergistic silver carp breeding method, which comprises the steps of placing carp and silver carp fries into a pond; the method comprises the steps of establishing a carp feeding area and a spotted silver carp feeding area for carrying out regional feeding, wherein the distance between the carp feeding area and the spotted silver carp feeding area is larger than a set distance, and firstly feeding carps in the carp feeding area and then feeding spotted silver carps in the spotted silver carp feeding area when feeding each time; continuously feeding the spotted silver carps through a feeding and discharging device, and replacing the preset spotted silver carps with spotted silver carps puffing materials when feeding every day until the spotted silver carps are completely replaced with the spotted silver carps puffing materials; after the spotted silver carps are fed for a preset number of days according to the fixed feeding rate, the feeding amount of the spotted silver carps is adjusted according to the feed digestion utilization rate of the spotted silver carps; when the wheel worm peak period occurs, the wheel worm disease of the fish pond is prevented and treated; according to the scheme, the mixed culture mode of carp and spotted silver carp is adopted, the fish pond resource is fully utilized, the culture cost is controlled on the premise that the growth of fish is not affected, the fish culture density is increased, and the synergistic culture of spotted silver carp is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of spotted silver carp culture, in particular to a synergistic silver carp culture method.
Background
The spotted silver carp is a freshwater fish, is a bighead carp with a academic name, is rich in phospholipids and has high pituitary posterior elements for improving memory, particularly has high brain marrow content, can warm stomach, dispel head glare, benefit intelligence quotient, help memory and delay aging after being eaten frequently, can moisten skin, belongs to fish with high protein, low fat and low cholesterol, has the function of protecting cardiovascular systems, plays the role of treating tinnitus and dizziness, can be matched with other foods to treat nasosinusitis and gingival swelling and pain, has high practicability, and is one of the choices of aquaculture.
The current culture mode is generally a mixed culture mode with freshwater fish as a main culture fish and spotted silver carp as a subsidiary culture fish, and when the carp is used as the main culture fish and the spotted silver carp are mixed culture, the following defects exist:
(1) The freshwater fish such as carps continuously slide downwards in the aquaculture, so that the phenomenon of supply and demand is caused, and the economic benefits of the aquaculture are influenced;
(2) The annual increase of pond rents, the yield of aquaculture is not increased fast without the lease of pond rents, and the economic burden of aquaculture personnel is increased;
(3) The price of the feed raw material rises and the price of the animal protection product almost doubles, which clearly increases the culture cost of aquaculture;
(4) Although the spotted silver carp has better market conditions, the density of the spotted silver carp bred in the pond of the farmer is smaller, and the yield of the spotted silver carp cannot be improved as the density is only about 50 spotted silver carp per mu;
(5) The spotted silver carp is not fed with special materials, so that the spotted silver carp is low in length speed and specification, and the price of the spotted silver carp is low.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a synergistic silver carp breeding method, which solves the problems of slow silver carp growth and low silver carp yield in a mixed breeding mode.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the synergistic silver carp culturing process includes the following steps:
s1: after dredging and airing the fishpond, sprinkling a disinfectant for disinfection, and after storing clear water with a set depth, sprinkling a probiotic diluent for maintaining the bottom mud of the fishpond; filling the fishpond with water and sprinkling organic fertilizer;
s2: placing carp and silver carp fries into a pond, and carrying out medicated bath on the fries with saline water before placing the fries into the pond;
s3: the method comprises the steps of establishing a carp feeding area and a spotted silver carp feeding area for carrying out regional feeding, wherein the distance between the carp feeding area and the spotted silver carp feeding area is larger than a set distance, and firstly feeding carps in the carp feeding area and then feeding spotted silver carps in the spotted silver carp feeding area when feeding each time;
s4: continuously feeding the spotted silver carps through a feeding and discharging device, and replacing the preset spotted silver carps with spotted silver carps puffing materials when feeding every day until the spotted silver carps are completely replaced with the spotted silver carps puffing materials;
s5: after the spotted silver carps are fed for a preset number of days according to the fixed feeding rate, the feeding amount of the spotted silver carps is adjusted according to the feed digestion utilization rate of the spotted silver carps;
in the cultivation process of the step S1-the step S5, when the peak period of the wheel worm appears, the wheel worm disease of the fish pond is prevented and treated.
Further, the feeding and discharging device comprises a storage tank, a discharge hole is formed in the bottom of the storage tank, a partition plate is arranged in the storage tank, the storage tank is divided into a first storage cavity and a second storage cavity by the partition plate, the discharge hole is divided into a first discharge hole communicated with the first storage cavity and a second discharge hole communicated with the second storage cavity by the partition plate, the first discharge hole and the second discharge hole are semicircular, electric switch valves are arranged on the first discharge hole and the second discharge hole, and an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the opening of the first discharge hole and the opening of the second discharge hole is arranged at a port of the discharge hole.
Further, the adjusting mechanism comprises a turntable, a through hole is formed in the center of the turntable, a rotating shaft is arranged in the middle of the partition plate, the rotating shaft penetrates through the through hole, and an abutting block for limiting the turntable is arranged at the end part of the rotating shaft; the turntable can rotate along the rotating shaft, and the abutting block can prevent the turntable from falling.
Further, be provided with the semicircle opening that matches with first discharge gate and second discharge gate and fit on the carousel, be provided with a plurality of teeth of a cogwheel in the circumference of carousel outer edge, the teeth of a cogwheel meshes with drive gear mutually, and drive gear sets up in step motor's pivot, and step motor and electric switch valve all are connected with the controller electricity.
The beneficial effects of adopting above-mentioned technical scheme are: the feeding and discharging device can gradually convert spotted silver carp powder into spotted silver carp puffed material, the total feeding amount is unchanged, the duty ratio of the spotted silver carp powder to the spotted silver carp puffed material is adjusted accurately, a period gradually adapting to the spotted silver carp puffed material is provided for spotted silver carp, and the feed conversion is prevented from affecting the growth of spotted silver carp.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the fish pond is enhanced and improved by the disinfectant and the probiotics diluent, so that a good disinfection effect is achieved, the micro-ecological environment of the fish pond is maintained, the natural fertility of the fish pond is improved, the feeding of artificial feed can be reduced, the improvement of the cultivation yield is facilitated, and meanwhile, the cultivated fish is delicious compared with the fish cultivated by the pure artificial feed.
2. According to the mixed culture mode of carp and spotted silver carp, spotted silver carp powder is fed into a fish pond to be led to a material platform, and then the spotted silver carp powder is gradually converted into spotted silver carp puffed material to feed spotted silver carp, so that the spotted silver carp can be completely adapted to the spotted silver carp puffed material, the yield of spotted silver carp in the fish pond can be increased, and the benefit of aquaculture is greatly improved.
3. The fishes of different varieties and different sizes are put in one fishpond, the fishes of different varieties have different living environment requirements and growth characteristics, and the variety of the fishes can fully utilize the resources in the fishpond, thereby being beneficial to the yield increase of the fishes.
4. The high-protein low-fat small-particle-size spotted silver carp puffed material meets the growth requirement of spotted silver carps, wherein the protein raw materials are animal protein raw materials and high-quality plant protein raw materials, the animal protein raw materials are fish meal, the plant protein raw materials are soybean meal, and the digestion and absorption efficiency, the growth speed and the specification of the spotted silver carps can be improved.
5. The spotted silver carp is filter-feeding fish, and is fed through zooplankton, humus and feed in the water body of the fish pond, so that the feeding amount of the spotted silver carp can be adjusted according to the feeding condition of the spotted silver carp, the feeding condition of the spotted silver carp can be known and analyzed by sampling and dissecting the spotted silver carp, and the feed digestion utilization rate of the spotted silver carp is mapped, so that the feeding amount of the spotted silver carp feed is adjusted, the waste of the feed is avoided, and the cultivation cost is saved.
6. According to the scheme, the rotifer can be effectively prevented and treated, salt water is used for carrying out medicated bath on fish fries for 15min before the fish fries are put into the pond, the fish fries entering the pond are guaranteed not to carry pathogens, quick lime and water extract of a traditional Chinese medicine composition are sprayed into the fish pond in the peak period of the rotifer, the survival rate of the pathogens is effectively reduced, meanwhile, chinaberry roots in the traditional Chinese medicine composition have the effects of killing insects and resisting bacteria, rhizome of the calamus has the effects of inducing resuscitation, regulating vital energy, activating blood, dispelling wind and removing dampness, betaine can maintain intestinal functions and has food calling activity, and the adaptability to ecological environment changes such as cold, hot, disease processes and the like can be improved, so that the survival rate of spotted silver carps is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the synergistic silver carp culturing method.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the feeding and discharging device.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the turntable.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the discharge port.
Wherein, 1, a storage tank, 2, a baffle, 3, a first storage cavity, 4, a second storage cavity, 5, a first discharge port, 6, a second discharge port, 7, an electric switch valve, 8, a turntable, 9, a through hole, 10, a rotating shaft, 11, an abutting block, 12, a semicircular opening, 13, gear teeth, 14, a transmission gear, 15 and a stepping motor.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and all the inventions which make use of the inventive concept are protected by the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and defined in the appended claims to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, the synergistic silver carp culturing method of the scheme comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing a fish pond, removing 10-20 cm of silt and sundries at the bottom of the fish pond, insolating the fish pond for 4-8 days by sunlight, and spraying disinfectant for disinfection after dredging and insolating the fish pond; then, after the clear water with the set depth is stored, the probiotic diluent is sprayed to carry out bottom mud maintenance on the fish pond; filling the fishpond with water and sprinkling organic fertilizer; the fish pond is enhanced and improved by the disinfectant and the probiotics diluent, so that a good disinfection effect is achieved, the micro-ecological environment of the fish pond is maintained, the natural fertility of the fish pond is improved, the feeding of artificial feed can be reduced, the improvement of the cultivation yield is facilitated, and meanwhile, the taste of the cultivated fish is delicious compared with that of the fish cultivated by the pure artificial feed.
S2: at the beginning of the year, the carp and spotted silver carp fries are put into a pond, and the fries are subjected to medicated bath for 15 minutes by using saline water before being put into the pond, so that the fishes entering the pond are ensured not to carry pathogen; about 200 spotted silver carp fries are put in each mu of fish pond; the spotted silver carp fries are divided into two batches, wherein one batch is about half jin of spotted silver carp fries, and the other batch is about one jin of spotted silver carp fries; a small amount of silver carp fries and spotted silver carp fries can be put in for polyculture, and at most 30 silver carp fries are put in each mu of fishpond; the fishes of different varieties and different sizes are put in one fish pond, the fishes of different varieties have different living environment requirements and growth characteristics, the diversity of the fishes can make full use of the resources in the fish pond, and the production increase of the fishes is facilitated.
S3: the method comprises the steps of establishing a carp feeding area and a spotted silver carp feeding area for carrying out regional feeding, wherein the distance between the carp feeding area and the spotted silver carp feeding area is larger than 20 meters, when feeding, firstly feeding carps in the carp feeding area, and then feeding spotted silver carps in the spotted silver carp feeding area, so that the carp is prevented from robbing spotted silver carps to puff materials; it comprises the following steps:
a1: throwing silver carp powder onto the water surface near the material table through a powder machine, attracting silver carp fries for seven days continuously, and leading most silver carp fries to the vicinity of the material table;
a2: square floating frames are built near the material table, the square floating frames are made of PVC pipes made of suspended materials, the specifications of the square floating frames can be generally set to be 4m multiplied by 4m, the diameter of the pipe is 120-200cm, and the number of the floating frames is 2-3 according to the density of silver carps.
S4: continuously feeding the spotted silver carps through a feeding and discharging device, and replacing the preset spotted silver carps with spotted silver carps puffing materials when feeding every day until the spotted silver carps are completely replaced with the spotted silver carps puffing materials; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
continuously feeding the spotted silver carps for a plurality of days, and feeding the spotted silver carps with powder all at the first day; when feeding the silver carp in the next day, the feeding amount is unchanged, the set amount of silver carp powder is reduced, the set amount of silver carp puffing material is increased for feeding, and the like until all silver carp powder is replaced by silver carp puffing material, so that silver carp can be gradually adapted to silver carp puffing material; the silver carp puffed material is a high-protein low-fat pellet feed, the protein content of the silver carp puffed material is 36%, the fat content of the silver carp puffed material is 6%, and the particle size of the silver carp puffed material is 1.0mm; the puffed spotted silver carp material meets the nutritional requirements of the growth of the spotted silver carp, wherein the protein raw material is an animal protein raw material and a high-quality plant protein raw material, the animal protein raw material is fish meal, the plant protein raw material is soybean meal, the puffed spotted silver carp raw material is subjected to superfine grinding, and after puffing, the digestion and absorption efficiency, the growth speed and the specification of the spotted silver carp can be improved; the low fat of the spotted silver carp puffed material ensures the body shape of the spotted silver carp, prevents the spotted silver carp from having the body shape of small head and large belly, thereby influencing the price; the puffed silver carp feed has small particle size, meets the filter feeding characteristics of silver carp, and reduces the snatch of main-cultured carp.
The feeding and discharging device comprises a storage tank 1, a discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the storage tank 1, a partition board 2 is arranged in the storage tank 1, the partition board 2 divides the storage tank 1 into a first storage cavity 3 and a second storage cavity 4, the partition board 2 divides the discharge port into a first discharge port 5 communicated with the first storage cavity 3 and a second discharge port 6 communicated with the second storage cavity 4, the first discharge port 5 and the second discharge port 6 are semicircular, electric switch valves 7 are arranged on the first discharge port 5 and the second discharge port 6, an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the opening of the first discharge port 5 and the second discharge port 6 is arranged at the port of the discharge port, the adjusting mechanism comprises a rotary table 8, a through hole 9 is arranged at the center of the rotary table 8, a rotary shaft 10 is arranged in the middle of the partition board 2, the rotary shaft 10 penetrates through the through hole 9, and an abutting block 11 for limiting the rotary table 8 is arranged at the end part of the rotary shaft 10; the turntable 8 can rotate along the rotation shaft 10, and the abutting block 11 can prevent the turntable 8 from falling; the turntable 8 is provided with a semicircular opening 12 matched with the first discharge hole 5 and the second discharge hole 6, a plurality of gear teeth 13 are arranged on the periphery of the outer edge of the turntable 8, the gear teeth 13 are meshed with a transmission gear 14, the transmission gear 14 is arranged on the rotating shaft of a stepping motor 15, and the stepping motor 15 and the electric switch valve 7 are electrically connected with a controller.
The feeding and discharging device can gradually convert spotted silver carp powder into spotted silver carp puffed material, the total feeding amount is unchanged, the duty ratio of the spotted silver carp powder to the spotted silver carp puffed material is adjusted accurately, a period gradually adapting to the spotted silver carp puffed material is provided for spotted silver carp, and the feed conversion is prevented from affecting the growth of spotted silver carp.
In specific implementation, the first material storage cavity 3 and the second material storage cavity 4 are used for respectively storing silver carp powder and silver carp puffing material, when the silver carp powder is fed on the first day, the semicircular opening 12 is adjusted to coincide with the first discharge port 5, at the moment, the second discharge port 6 is completely closed by the rotary table 8, and the electric switch valve 7 is driven by the controller to synchronously open the first discharge port 5 and the second discharge port 6 for a set period of time, so that silver carp powder feeding can be realized; when feeding is performed in the next day, the stepping motor 15 is driven by the controller to drive the turntable 8 to rotate by a fixed angle, so that the opening of the first discharge port 5 is reduced, the opening of the second discharge port 6 is increased, the increase of the opening of the second discharge port 6 is the decrease of the opening of the first discharge port 5, the total feeding amount is unchanged, the first discharge port 5 and the second discharge port 6 are synchronously opened for a set period of time, and feeding mainly made of spotted silver carp powder and assisted by spotted silver carp puffing materials can be realized, wherein the rotation angle of the stepping motor 15 can be precisely controlled by a pulse signal of the controller, and the rotation angle of the turntable 8 is 180 degrees divided by the number of days of continuous feeding; and the like, until a plurality of days later, the rotary table 8 rotates 180 degrees, the semicircular opening 12 is overlapped with the second discharge hole 6, the first discharge hole 5 is closed by the rotary table 8, and the first discharge hole 5 and the second discharge hole 6 are synchronously opened for a set period of time at the moment, so that the silver carp puffed material feeding can be realized.
S5: feeding the spotted silver carps for a preset number of days according to a fixed feeding rate, and adjusting the feeding amount of the spotted silver carps according to the feed digestion utilization rate of the spotted silver carps after the spotted silver carps are fully adapted to the spotted silver carps puffing materials; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
sampling and dissecting the spotted silver carps before each feeding, extracting undigested feed, plankton and humus in the intestinal tracts of the spotted silver carps, calculating the digestion utilization rate of the feed, and increasing the feeding amount of the spotted silver carps according to a preset amount when the digestion utilization rate of the feed is greater than a set threshold value; when the feed digestion utilization rate is not greater than a set threshold value, reducing the feeding amount of the spotted silver carps according to a preset amount; the calculation formula of the feed digestion utilization rate is as follows:
wherein F is the feed digestion utilization rate, K is the weight of undigested feed in the intestinal tract of the spotted silver carp, X is the feeding rate in the early stage of feeding, and Y is the weight of the spotted silver carp.
The spotted silver carp is filter-feeding fish, and is fed through zooplankton, humus and feed in the water body of the fish pond, so that the feeding amount of the spotted silver carp can be adjusted according to the feeding condition of the spotted silver carp, the feeding condition of the spotted silver carp can be known and analyzed by sampling and dissecting the spotted silver carp, and the feed digestion utilization rate of the spotted silver carp is mapped, so that the feeding amount of the spotted silver carp feed is adjusted, the waste of the feed is avoided, and the cultivation cost is saved.
According to the scheme, the silver carps can be caught for 2-3 times a year, the time for catching for three times is 5-7 months, 10 months and the year end respectively, and the farmers can select 2-3 times to catch and sell according to market conditions.
In the cultivation process of the step S1-the step S5, when the peak period of the wheel animalcule appears, the wheel animalcule disease is prevented and treated in the fish pond; it comprises the following steps:
b1: quicklime is sprayed on the fishpond for 1-2 times every month, so that the survival rate of pathogens is effectively reduced;
b2: spraying the water extract of the traditional Chinese medicine composition for 1-2 times every week on the fishpond, wherein the traditional Chinese medicine composition comprises the following components: the root and rhizome of chinaberry tree, calamus rhizome, betaine, radix stemonae, radix scutellariae, cortex phellodendri and radix rehmanniae, and the ratio of the root and rhizome of chinaberry tree to the rhizome of calamus is 60 respectively: 10:5:10:10:5:18, sprinkling 2kg of water extract of the traditional Chinese medicine composition in each mu of fishpond; the root of the chinaberry tree has the effects of killing insects and resisting bacteria, the rhizome of the calamus has the effects of inducing resuscitation, regulating qi, activating blood, dispelling wind and removing dampness, and the betaine can maintain the intestinal tract function and has the feeding promoting activity, so that the adaptability to ecological environment changes such as cold, hot, disease process and the like can be improved, and the survival rate of the spotted silver carp is improved.
Claims (10)
1. The synergistic silver carp culturing method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: after dredging and airing the fishpond, sprinkling a disinfectant for disinfection, and after storing clear water with a set depth, sprinkling a probiotic diluent for maintaining the bottom mud of the fishpond; filling the fishpond with water and sprinkling organic fertilizer;
s2: placing carp and silver carp fries into a pond, and carrying out medicated bath on the fries with saline water before placing the fries into the pond;
s3: the method comprises the steps of establishing a carp feeding area and a spotted silver carp feeding area for carrying out regional feeding, wherein the distance between the carp feeding area and the spotted silver carp feeding area is larger than a set distance, and firstly feeding carps in the carp feeding area and then feeding spotted silver carps in the spotted silver carp feeding area when feeding each time;
s4: continuously feeding the spotted silver carps through a feeding and discharging device, and replacing the preset spotted silver carps with spotted silver carps puffing materials when feeding every day until the spotted silver carps are completely replaced with the spotted silver carps puffing materials;
s5: after the spotted silver carps are fed for a preset number of days according to the fixed feeding rate, the feeding amount of the spotted silver carps is adjusted according to the feed digestion utilization rate of the spotted silver carps;
in the cultivation process of the step S1-the step S5, when the peak period of the wheel worm appears, the wheel worm disease of the fish pond is prevented and treated.
2. The synergistic silver carp culture method according to claim 1, wherein the method for dredging and sunning the pond in the step S1 comprises the steps of removing 10-20 cm of silt and sundries at the bottom of the pond and exposing the pond to sunlight for 4-8 days.
3. The synergistic spotted silver carp breeding method according to claim 1, wherein the method for feeding spotted silver carps and establishing a spotted silver carp feeding area in the step S3 comprises the following steps:
a1: throwing silver carp powder into the water surface within the set range of the material table through a powder machine, and attracting silver carp fries for a plurality of days until the silver carp fries are led into the set range of the material table;
a2: and building a square floating frame in a set range of the material table, wherein the square floating frame is formed by adopting PVC pipes made of suspended materials.
4. The synergistic silver carp breeding method according to claim 1, wherein step S4 specifically comprises: continuously feeding the spotted silver carps for a plurality of days through a feeding and discharging device, and feeding the spotted silver carps with powder all at the first day; when feeding the silver carp in the next day, the feeding amount is unchanged, the silver carp powder with a set amount is reduced, the silver carp puffing material with a set amount is added for feeding, and the like until all silver carp powder is replaced by the silver carp puffing material.
5. The synergistic silver carp breeding method according to claim 4, wherein the feeding and discharging device comprises a storage tank (1), a discharge hole is formed in the bottom of the storage tank (1), a partition plate (2) is arranged in the storage tank (1), the partition plate (2) divides the storage tank (1) into a first storage cavity (3) and a second storage cavity (4), the partition plate (2) divides the discharge hole into a first discharge hole (5) communicated with the first storage cavity (3) and a second discharge hole (6) communicated with the second storage cavity (4), the first discharge hole (5) and the second discharge hole (6) are semicircular, and electric switch valves (7) are arranged on the first discharge hole (5) and the second discharge hole (6), and an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the opening degree of the first discharge hole (5) and the second discharge hole (6) is arranged at the port of the discharge hole.
6. The synergistic spotted silver carp breeding method according to claim 5, wherein the adjusting mechanism comprises a rotary table (8), a through hole (9) is formed in the center of the rotary table (8), a rotary shaft (10) is arranged in the middle of the partition plate (2), the rotary shaft (10) penetrates through the through hole (9), and an abutting block (11) for limiting the rotary table (8) is arranged at the end of the rotary shaft (10).
7. The synergistic spotted silver carp breeding method according to claim 6, wherein a semicircular opening (12) matched with the first discharging hole (5) and the second discharging hole (6) is formed in the rotary table (8), a plurality of gear teeth (13) are formed in the circumferential direction of the outer edge of the rotary table (8), the gear teeth (13) are meshed with a transmission gear (14), the transmission gear (14) is arranged on a rotating shaft of a stepping motor (15), and the stepping motor (15) and the electric switch valve (7) are electrically connected with a controller.
8. The synergistic spotted silver carp cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the spotted silver carp puffed material is a high-protein low-fat pellet feed, the protein content of the spotted silver carp puffed material is 36%, the fat content of the spotted silver carp puffed material is 6%, and the particle size of the spotted silver carp puffed material is 1.0mm.
9. The synergistic spotted silver carp breeding method according to claim 1, wherein adjusting the feeding amount of spotted silver carps according to the feed digestion and utilization rate of spotted silver carps further comprises:
sampling and dissecting the spotted silver carps before each feeding, extracting undigested feed, plankton and humus in the intestinal tracts of the spotted silver carps, calculating the digestion utilization rate of the feed, and increasing the feeding amount of the spotted silver carps according to a preset amount when the digestion utilization rate of the feed is greater than a set threshold value; when the feed digestion utilization rate is smaller than or equal to a set threshold value, the feeding amount of the spotted silver carps is reduced according to a preset amount;
the calculation formula of the feed digestion utilization rate is as follows:
wherein F is the feed digestion utilization rate, K is the weight of undigested feed in the intestinal tract of the spotted silver carp, X is the feeding rate in the early stage of feeding, and Y is the weight of the spotted silver carp.
10. The synergistic spotted silver carp breeding method according to claim 1, wherein the method for preventing and treating the trichodiniasis comprises the following steps:
b1: spraying quicklime on the fishpond for 1-2 times every month;
b2: spraying the water extract of the traditional Chinese medicine composition for 1-2 times every week on the fishpond, wherein the traditional Chinese medicine composition comprises the following components: the root and rhizome of chinaberry tree, calamus rhizome, betaine, radix stemonae, radix scutellariae, cortex phellodendri and radix rehmanniae, and the ratio of the root and rhizome of chinaberry tree to the rhizome of calamus is 60 respectively: 10:5:10:10:5:18, 2kg of the water extract of the traditional Chinese medicine composition is sprayed every mu of the fishpond.
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