CN116073497B - Battery charging circuit and battery charging method - Google Patents
Battery charging circuit and battery charging method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116073497B CN116073497B CN202310287547.3A CN202310287547A CN116073497B CN 116073497 B CN116073497 B CN 116073497B CN 202310287547 A CN202310287547 A CN 202310287547A CN 116073497 B CN116073497 B CN 116073497B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- control unit
- resistor
- width modulation
- pulse width
- module
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
- H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
- H02J7/06—Regulation of charging current or voltage using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/0034—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using reverse polarity correcting or protecting circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/007188—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
- H02M1/327—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection against abnormal temperatures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/36—Means for starting or stopping converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
- H02M3/33523—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters with galvanic isolation between input and output of both the power stage and the feedback loop
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/06—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode
- H02M7/062—Avoiding or suppressing excessive transient voltages or currents
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a battery charging circuit and a battery charging method, and relates to the field of circuit design. The charging circuit comprises a pulse transformation module, a pulse width modulation module and a detection control module; the pulse transformation module is electrically connected with the detection control module and is used for reducing the high-voltage pulse into low-voltage pulse; the pulse width modulation module is electrically connected with the detection control module and is used for converting the input direct current into high-frequency pulsating direct current; the detection control module comprises a constant current control unit and a power-off control unit; the constant current control unit is used for adjusting the output duty ratio of the pulse width modulation chip and controlling the cooling fan; the power-off control unit is electrically connected with the constant current control unit and is used for controlling the indicator lamp and timing power-off. The utility model provides a function of timing automatic power off by detecting current through the micro control unit, and the preset time length of the timing automatic power off function can be controlled through programming so as to meet the diversified demands of users.
Description
Technical Field
The present utility model relates to the field of circuit design, and in particular, to a battery charging circuit and a battery charging method.
Background
The storage battery is widely applied to people in daily life everywhere, but the potential safety hazard is not lacked. The news of the fire caused by charging the articles is frequent, and the hidden trouble time can influence the personal and property safety. Therefore, the safety problem of battery charging requires additional attention.
As shown in fig. 1, the utility model patent with publication number CN204391868U proposes a self-powered-off charging circuit, which comprises a pulse transformer and a full-bridge rectifying circuit, wherein the commercial power is rectified by the full-bridge rectifying circuit and then sent to the pulse transformer, and the circuit further comprises a push button switch, a capacitor, a first diode, a second diode, a first relay, a second relay and first to third triodes.
The charging circuit is started by the first relay, the first relay and the second relay are ensured to be normally maintained to continuously charge the electric vehicle after the second relay is electrified, and when the electric vehicle is charged, the indicator lamp is on, the first relay is controlled to be powered down by the third triode, and the power supply is cut off. The charging circuit realizes the automatic power-off function, but cannot control the time of automatic power-off. The principle of automatic power-off is based on micro-current detection, so that when the trickle charging stage is entered in the charging process, the circuit can be directly and automatically powered off, so that a battery cannot be fully charged, the charging circuit is single in function, the protection of the circuit is lacking, the service life of a product is easily shortened, and higher potential safety hazards exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The present utility model is directed to a battery charging circuit and a battery charging method for solving the above-mentioned problems.
The aim of the utility model is achieved by the following technical scheme:
a battery charging circuit comprises a pulse transformation module, a pulse width modulation module and a detection control module;
the pulse transformation module is electrically connected with the detection control module and is used for reducing the high-voltage pulse into low-voltage pulse;
the pulse width modulation module is electrically connected with the detection control module and is used for converting the input direct current into high-frequency pulsating direct current;
the detection control module comprises a constant current control unit and a power-off control unit; the constant current control unit is used for adjusting the output duty ratio of the pulse width modulation chip and controlling the cooling fan; the power-off control unit is electrically connected with the constant current control unit and is used for controlling the indicator lamp and timing power off; the power-off control unit comprises a micro control unit U2, wherein the micro control unit U2 comprises a programmable memory and a timer;
the power-off control unit comprises a photoelectric coupler U6 and a unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier SCR1; the micro control unit U2 is used for monitoring the turning of the indicator lamp and outputting a high level to the photoelectric coupler U6 after a preset time; the photoelectric coupler U6 is used for controlling the conduction of the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier SCR1.
Preferably, the photocoupler U6 includes an input end U6a and an output end U6b; the input end U6a adopts a light emitting diode, and the output end adopts a phototriode.
As a preferable scheme, the pulse width modulation module comprises a pulse width modulation chip U1 and a field effect switch tube VT1; and an output pin of the pulse width modulation chip is electrically connected with a base electrode of the field effect switch tube VT1.
As a preferable scheme, the input end of the photoelectric coupler U6 is electrically connected with the output pin of the micro control unit U2; the output end of the photoelectric coupler U6 is electrically connected with the control electrode of the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier SCR1; the anode of the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier SCR1 is connected with the positive pin of the power supply of the pulse width modulation chip U1, and the cathode of the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier SCR1 is grounded.
As a preferable scheme, the constant current control unit comprises a voltage comparator U3, a voltage comparator U4, a photoelectric coupler U5 and a cooling FAN FAN; the output end of the voltage comparator U4 is electrically connected with the input end of the photoelectric coupler U5; the output end of the photoelectric coupler U5 is electrically connected with the pulse width modulation chip U1; the voltage comparator U3 is electrically connected with the cooling FAN FAN.
Preferably, the battery charging circuit further comprises a rectifying and filtering module; the rectification filter module is electrically connected with the pulse width modulation module and used for rectification and filtering.
Preferably, the detection control module further comprises a voltage control unit for limiting the output voltage of the charging circuit.
As a preferable scheme, the detection control module further comprises an anti-reverse connection unit; the reverse connection preventing unit is used for preventing a user from reversely connecting the anode and the cathode of the battery.
The utility model also provides a battery charging method, which comprises the following steps:
providing a battery charging circuit, wherein the battery charging circuit comprises a micro-control unit, and the micro-control unit comprises a programmable memory and a timer;
programming and setting preset power-off time of the micro control unit;
the battery starts to charge, and the micro control unit monitors the charging state of the charging circuit during charging; when the charging circuit starts trickle charging, the timer starts to count;
and the timer counts the preset power-off time, and the micro control unit controls the circuit to be disconnected to stop charging.
Further, the battery charging circuit also comprises a photoelectric coupler, a unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier and a pulse width modulation unit; the high-level output pin of the micro control unit is connected with the input end of the photoelectric coupler; the control electrode of the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier is connected with the output end of the photoelectric coupler, the cathode of the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier is grounded, and the anode of the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier is connected with the positive electrode pin of the power supply of the pulse width modulation chip.
The miniature control unit controls the circuit to be disconnected, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the pin of the micro control unit connected with the photoelectric coupler outputs high level, so that a luminous tube in the input end of the photoelectric coupler emits light, and the output end of the photoelectric coupler is conducted;
the output end of the photoelectric coupler U6 is conducted to enable the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier SCR1 to be conducted, namely, the positive electrode pin of the power supply of the pulse width modulation chip is grounded, and the charging circuit stops working.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
1. the micro control unit is used for detecting current and providing a function of timing automatic power off;
2. the preset time length of the timing automatic power-off function can be controlled through programming so as to meet the diversified requirements of users;
3. through circuit protection designs such as anti-reverse connection unit and voltage control unit, extension product life reduces the potential safety hazard of product.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art self-powered charging circuit;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a battery charging circuit according to the present utility model;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a battery charging circuit according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in connection with the embodiments, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present utility model and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
Referring to fig. 2, the utility model provides a battery charging circuit, which comprises a rectifying and filtering module, a pulse transformation module, a pulse width modulation module and a detection control module.
The rectifying and filtering module is used for rectifying and filtering.
The pulse transformation module is used for reducing the high-voltage pulse into low-voltage pulse.
The pulse width modulation module is used for converting the input direct current into high-frequency pulsating direct current.
The detection control module comprises an anti-reverse connection unit, a constant current control unit and a power-off control unit. The reverse connection preventing unit is used for preventing misoperation from reversely connecting the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the power supply; the constant current control unit is used for adjusting the output duty ratio of the pulse width modulation chip and controlling the cooling fan; the power-off control unit is connected with the constant current control unit and used for controlling the indicator lamp and controlling automatic power-off.
The charging circuit further includes an ac input and a charging output coupled to the battery. The alternating current input end is used for inputting current after being connected with an external power supply; the charging output end is used for outputting charging current.
The rectification filter module is respectively connected with the alternating current input end, the pulse width modulation module and the pulse transformation module; the pulse width modulation module is also connected with the pulse transformation module and the detection control module; the pulse transformation module is also connected with the detection control module and the charging output end.
In order to solve the problem that the power failure can not be timed in the prior art, the power failure control unit comprises a micro control unit, and the micro control unit comprises a programmable memory and a timer. From the above, the micro control unit has at least the functions of outputting an electrical signal at a timing and setting a timing duration by programming.
In the implementation process of the charging circuit, the input current of the alternating current input end is transmitted to the pulse transformation module through rectification and filtering of the rectification and filtering module and conversion of the pulse width modulation module, and the pulse transformation module transmits the current to the detection control module for sampling processing and then is output by the charging output end. In the process, the detection control module can adjust the output duty ratio of the pulse width modulation module according to the sampling voltage or current, start the cooling fan, control the indicator lamp and control automatic power-off.
The specific structure of the battery charging circuit described above will be described in detail with reference to fig. 3.
Referring to fig. 3, the rectifying and filtering module includes a resistor R1, a thermistor R2, a bridge rectifier (not numbered), and a capacitor C2. One end of the resistor R1 is connected with the ac input end L, one end of the thermistor R2 is connected with the other end of the resistor R1, and the other end of the thermistor R2 is connected with the first pin of the bridge rectifier. The second pin of the bridge rectifier is connected with the alternating current input end N, and the third pin and the fourth pin of the bridge rectifier are connected with the capacitor C2 in parallel.
The bridge rectifier in the rectifying and filtering module is used for converting alternating current into direct current; the capacitor C2 is used for filtering and suppressing interference; the thermistor R2 adopts a negative temperature coefficient thermistor, and according to the characteristic that the resistance value of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor is higher in a normal temperature state, the thermistor R2 is used for limiting surge current caused by the capacitor C2 in a circuit.
In one embodiment, the pwm module includes a pwm chip U1 and a field effect transistor VT1. The output pin of the pulse width modulation chip is electrically connected with the base electrode of the field effect switch tube VT1. The pulse width modulation chip U1 is used for controlling the on and off of the field effect transistor VT1, and the pulse width modulation module is used for converting the input current into high-frequency pulsating direct current.
Based on the above embodiment, the pwm module further includes a capacitor C4, and the pwm chip U1 may be a KA3842 chip. The pin 1 of the pulse width modulation chip U1 is respectively connected with the output end of the photoelectric coupler U5, the capacitor C7 and one end of the resistor R12, wherein the pin 1 is a power supply anode pin; the No. 2 pin and the No. 5 pin of the pulse width modulation chip U1 are grounded. The capacitor C4 is connected with the pin 7 of the pulse width modulation chip U1. When the charging circuit begins to energize, the voltage across capacitor C4 rises rapidly. The pwm chip U1 is activated when the voltage across the capacitor C4 exceeds the operating voltage of the pwm module. The pulse width modulation chip U1 in operation outputs a switching signal with a certain frequency through a pin No. 6 to drive the field effect switch tube VT1 so as to enable the pulse transformation module to work.
Based on the above embodiment, the pulse transforming module includes a resistor R3, a resistor R14, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C9, a capacitor C10, a capacitor C13, a diode D2, a diode D10, a diode D13, a transformer T1, and a transformer T2. One end of a resistor R3 and a capacitor C1 which are connected in parallel is connected with one end of the primary side of the transformer T1, the other end of the resistor R3 and the capacitor C1 which are connected in parallel is connected with one end of a diode D2, the other end of the diode D2 is connected with a field effect switch tube VT1, the other end of the primary side of the transformer T1 and one end of the primary side of the transformer T2, and the other end of the primary side of the transformer T2 is grounded. One end of the secondary side of the transformer T1 is connected to one end of the diode D13 and one end of the resistor R14, the other end of the resistor R14 is connected to one end of the capacitor C9, the other end of the capacitor C9 is connected to the other end of the diode D13 and one end of the capacitor C10, and the other end of the capacitor C10 is connected to the other end of the secondary side of the transformer T1 and grounded. One end of the secondary side of the transformer T2 is connected with one end of the diode D10, and the other end of the secondary side of the transformer T2 is connected with one end of the capacitor C13 and grounded; the analog signal power supply VCC is connected to the other ends of the diode D10 and the capacitor C13, respectively.
The voltage output by the transformer T1 is connected with the positive pole OUT+ of the charging output end after rectification and filtering. The transformer T2 is used for supplying power to the pulse width modulation chip U1 in the working state. When the field effect switch tube VT1 is conducted, the transformer T1 does not provide power output for the load, and the primary side of the transformer T1 stores energy; when the field effect switch VT1 is off, the transformer T1 provides a power output to the load. In addition, a capacitor C9 and a resistor R14 connected in series across the diode D13 are used to absorb the reverse peak voltage generated when the diode D13 is turned off.
Further, the detection control module further comprises a voltage control unit for limiting the voltage of the charging output terminal of the charging circuit. The voltage control unit includes a resistor R19, a resistor R24, a resistor R25, a capacitor C11, a capacitor C12, a zener diode D4, and a photo coupler U5. Preferably, zener diode D4 is model TL 431. The voltage of the charging output end is divided and input into the reference end of the zener diode D4 through the resistor R19 and the resistor R25, when the input voltage exceeds the reference voltage value of the zener diode D4, the zener diode D4 is conducted to conduct the output end U5b of the photoelectric coupler U5, so that the pulse width modulation chip U1 stops working, and the duty ratio of the output of the pulse width modulation chip U1 is controlled.
With continued reference to fig. 3, the constant current control unit includes a resistor R27, a resistor R28, a resistor R29, a resistor R30, a resistor R36, a resistor R37, a resistor R38, a resistor R39, a transistor Q2, a voltage comparator U4, a capacitor C17, a diode D9, a voltage comparator U3, and a cooling FAN. The output end of the voltage comparator U4 is electrically connected with the input end of the photoelectric coupler U5; the output end of the photoelectric coupler U5 is electrically connected with the pulse width modulation chip U1; the voltage comparator U3 is electrically connected to the cooling FAN. The voltage comparator U4, the voltage comparator U3 and the cooling FAN are powered by a transformer T2. When the voltage of the reverse input end of the voltage comparator U4 is larger than the voltage of the same-direction input end, namely, the current flowing through the resistor R23 is higher, the voltage comparator U4 outputs a low level, the zener diode D4 is conducted, and the pulse width modulation chip U1 stops working by conducting the output end of the photoelectric coupler so as to control the duty ratio output by the pulse width modulation chip U1. When the voltage of the same-direction input end of the voltage comparator U3 is larger than that of the reverse input end, namely, the current flowing through the resistor R23 is higher, the voltage comparator U3 outputs a high level, so that the cooling FAN FAN works, and the heat dissipation effect is achieved. The voltage comparator U3 is also used to control the indicator lamp by being connected to the power-off control unit.
Based on the above embodiment, the anti-reverse connection unit includes a resistor R20, a resistor R21, a resistor R22, a triac SCR2, a DIAC, and a transistor Q1. If the battery is connected with the charging output end accurately, the base electrode of the triode Q1 is low level, the emitting electrode is high level, the triode Q1 is conducted, current is supplied to the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier SCR2 through the PNP triode Q1 and the bidirectional trigger diode DIAC, so that the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier SCR2 is conducted, and the battery is charged normally. If the battery is connected with the charging output end in error, the triode Q1 is cut off, so that the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier SCR2 is cut off, and the charging output end cannot provide current output. Therefore, the charging circuit of the embodiment provides a reverse connection preventing function, and circuit damage caused by misoperation of a user is prevented.
With continued reference to fig. 3, the power-off control unit includes a resistor R31, a resistor R32, a resistor R33, a micro control unit U2, an indicator LED1 and an indicator LED2. In an embodiment of the present utility model, the micro control unit U2 is a single chip microcomputer with a programmable memory and a timer, specifically an FMD FT60E21X single chip microcomputer. The pin 5 of the micro control unit U2 is connected with the reverse input end of the voltage comparator U3 and is used for sampling a voltage reference; the pin No. 2 of miniature control unit U2 is connected with pilot lamp LED2, and analog signal power VCC is connected with resistance R32 and resistance R31's one end, and miniature control unit U2's pin No. 1 is connected to resistance R31's the other end, and pilot lamp LED 1's one end is connected to resistance R32's the other end, and pilot lamp LED 1's the other end is connected with resistance R33's one end and pilot lamp LED 2's the other end, and resistance R33's the other end ground connection.
From the above, the indicator light LED1 can be regarded as being powered by the power supply voltage VCC. The LED2 of the indicator lamp is connected with the No. 2 pin of the micro control unit U2 to be a high-level pin. The indicator light LED1 and the indicator light LED2 respectively represent a green indicator light and a red indicator light and are used for reminding a user of the current working state of the charging circuit. In the charging circuit of the embodiment, the turn light control is realized by the difference of the internal voltage drops of the indicator lights. The indicator light LED1 and the indicator light LED2 may be regarded as being connected in parallel, and the parallel circuit is grounded via a resistor R33. Therefore, only the indicator lamp with a lower voltage drop out of the indicator lamp LED1 and the indicator lamp LED2 emits light by the voltage division by the resistor R33. The internal pressure drop of the indicator light LED1 selected in the embodiment is larger than the internal pressure drop of the indicator light LED2, and when the indicator light LED2 emits light, the indicator light LED1 is turned off; when the indicator lamp LED2 is turned off, the indicator lamp LED1 emits light.
Further, the outage control unit further comprises a resistor R9, a resistor R10, a resistor R34, a resistor R35, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C16, a photoelectric coupler U6 and a unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier SCR1. The photoelectric coupler U6 comprises an input end U6a and an output end U6b; the input end U6a adopts a light emitting diode, and the output end U6b adopts a phototriode. The pin 3 of the micro control unit U2 is connected with one end of a resistor R34, and the other end of the resistor R34 is connected with a capacitor C16 and an input end U6a of the photoelectric coupler U6. One end of the resistor R35 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R35 is connected with the capacitor C16 and the No. 4 pin of the micro control unit U2, and the No. 4 pin of the micro control unit U2 is also connected with the output end of the voltage comparator U3.
Specifically, the micro control unit U2 monitors the output of the voltage comparator U3 through pin No. 4, and accordingly determines the light emitting states of the indicator light LED1 and the indicator light LED2. When the output of the voltage comparator U3 is at a high level, the indicator light LED2 starts to emit light, the micro control unit U2 starts an internal timer, and when the internal timer reaches a certain preset time, the pin 3 connected with the photoelectric coupler U6 outputs the high level, so that a luminous tube in the input end U6a of the photoelectric coupler U6 emits light, and the output end of the photoelectric coupler U6 is conducted. With continued reference to fig. 3, an output end of the photo coupler U6 is connected to a control electrode of the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier SCR1, an anode of the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier SCR1 is connected to a power supply positive pin of the pulse width modulation chip U1, and a cathode of the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier SCR1 is grounded. Therefore, the output end of the photo coupler U6 is conducted to conduct the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier SCR1, namely, the positive electrode pin of the power supply of the pulse width modulation chip U1 is grounded. The unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier can maintain the conduction state by only passing a current larger than the minimum maintaining current after being triggered and conducted in the direct current circuit, and the charging circuit stops working.
As can be seen from the above description, the charging circuit of the present utility model realizes the function of timing automatic power-off by introducing the micro control unit, and can control the preset time length of the timing automatic power-off function by programming.
The utility model also provides a battery charging method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, providing a battery charging circuit, wherein the battery charging circuit comprises a micro control unit, and the micro control unit comprises a programmable memory and a timer;
s2, programming and setting preset power-off time of the micro control unit;
s3, starting charging of the battery, and monitoring the charging state of the charging circuit by the micro control unit during charging; when the charging circuit starts trickle charging, the timer starts to count;
and S4, the timer counts to reach the preset power-off time, and the micro control unit controls the circuit to be disconnected to stop charging.
Further, the battery charging circuit also comprises a photoelectric coupler, a unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier and a pulse width modulation unit; the high-level output pin of the micro control unit is connected with the input end of the photoelectric coupler. The control electrode of the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier is connected with the output end of the photoelectric coupler, the cathode of the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier is grounded, and the anode is connected with the power supply positive pin of the pulse width modulation chip.
The micro control unit controls the circuit to be disconnected specifically comprises:
the pin of the micro control unit connected with the photoelectric coupler outputs high level, so that a luminous tube in the input end of the photoelectric coupler emits light, and the output end of the photoelectric coupler is conducted;
the output end of the photoelectric coupler U6 is conducted to enable the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier SCR1 to be conducted, namely, the positive electrode pin of the power supply of the pulse width modulation chip is grounded, and the charging circuit stops working.
The foregoing is merely illustrative and explanatory of the utility model, as it is well within the scope of the utility model as claimed, as it relates to various modifications, additions and substitutions for those skilled in the art, without departing from the inventive concept and without departing from the scope of the utility model as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (8)
1. A battery charging circuit, characterized by: the device comprises a pulse transformation module, a pulse width modulation module and a detection control module;
the pulse transformation module is electrically connected with the detection control module and is used for reducing the high-voltage pulse into low-voltage pulse;
the pulse width modulation module is electrically connected with the detection control module and is used for converting the input direct current into high-frequency pulsating direct current; the pulse width modulation module comprises a pulse width modulation chip U1;
the detection control module comprises a constant current control unit and a power-off control unit; the constant current control unit is used for adjusting the output duty ratio of the pulse width modulation chip U1 and controlling the cooling fan; the power-off control unit is electrically connected with the constant current control unit and is used for controlling the indicator lamp and timing power off; the power-off control unit comprises a micro control unit U2, wherein the micro control unit U2 comprises a programmable memory and a timer;
the constant current control unit comprises a voltage comparator U3 and a cooling FAN FAN; the voltage comparator U3 is electrically connected with the cooling FAN FAN;
the power-off control unit further comprises an analog signal power supply VCC, a resistor R31, a resistor R32, a resistor R33, a resistor R34, a resistor R35, a capacitor C16, a photoelectric coupler U6, a unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier SCR1, an indicator light LED1 and an indicator light LED2;
the micro control unit U2 is connected with the reverse input end of the voltage comparator U3 and is used for sampling a voltage reference; the high-level pin of the micro control unit U2 is connected with the indicator light LED2, the analog signal power supply VCC is connected with one end of the resistor R32 and one end of the resistor R31, the other end of the resistor R31 is connected with the micro control unit U2, the other end of the resistor R32 is connected with one end of the indicator light LED1, the other end of the indicator light LED1 is connected with one end of the resistor R33 and the other end of the indicator light LED2, and the other end of the resistor R33 is grounded; the internal pressure drop of the indicator light LED1 is larger than the internal pressure drop of the indicator light LED2;
the photoelectric coupler U6 comprises an input end U6a and an output end U6b; the first I/O pin of the micro control unit U2 is connected with one end of a resistor R34, and the other end of the resistor R34 is connected with a capacitor C16 and an input end U6a of a photoelectric coupler U6; one end of the resistor R35 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R35 is connected with the capacitor C16 and a second I/O pin of the micro control unit U2, and the second I/O pin of the micro control unit U2 is also connected with the output end of the voltage comparator U3; the output end of the photoelectric coupler U6 is connected with the control electrode of the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier SCR1, the anode of the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier SCR1 is connected with the positive pin of the power supply of the pulse width modulation chip U1, and the cathode of the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier SCR1 is grounded;
the micro control unit U2 monitors the output of the voltage comparator U3 through a second I/O pin; when the voltage comparator U3 outputs a high level, the micro control unit U2 starts an internal timer; when the internal timer times for a certain preset time, the first I/O pin outputs a high level, the output end of the photoelectric coupler U6 is conducted to enable the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier SCR1 to be conducted, and the charging circuit stops working.
2. The battery charging circuit of claim 1, wherein: the input end U6a adopts a light emitting diode, and the output end U6b adopts a phototriode.
3. The battery charging circuit of claim 1, wherein: the pulse width modulation module further comprises a field effect switch tube VT1; and an output pin of the pulse width modulation chip U1 is electrically connected with a base electrode of the field effect switch tube VT1.
4. The battery charging circuit of claim 1, wherein: the constant current control unit further comprises a voltage comparator U4 and a photoelectric coupler U5; the output end of the voltage comparator U4 is electrically connected with the input end of the photoelectric coupler U5; the output end of the photoelectric coupler U5 is electrically connected with the pulse width modulation chip U1.
5. The battery charging circuit of claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a rectifying and filtering module; the rectification filter module is electrically connected with the pulse width modulation module and used for rectification and filtering.
6. The battery charging circuit of claim 1, wherein: the detection control module further comprises a voltage control unit for limiting the output voltage of the charging circuit.
7. The battery charging circuit of claim 1, wherein: the detection control module further comprises an anti-reverse connection unit; the reverse connection preventing unit is used for preventing a user from reversely connecting the anode and the cathode of the battery.
8. A method of charging a battery, characterized by: battery charging circuit for use in any of claims 1-7, comprising the steps of:
programming and setting preset power-off time of the micro control unit U2;
the battery starts to charge, and the micro control unit U2 monitors the charging state of the charging circuit during charging; when the charging circuit starts trickle charging, the timer starts to count;
the timer counts the time to reach the preset power-off time, and the micro control unit U2 controls the circuit to be disconnected to stop charging;
the micro control unit U2 controls the circuit to be disconnected, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the pin of the micro control unit U2 connected with the photoelectric coupler U6 outputs high level, so that a luminous tube in the input end of the photoelectric coupler U6 emits light, and the output end of the photoelectric coupler U6 is conducted;
the output end of the photoelectric coupler U6 is conducted to enable the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier SCR1 to be conducted, namely, the positive electrode pin of the power supply of the pulse width modulation chip is grounded, and the charging circuit stops working.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310287547.3A CN116073497B (en) | 2023-03-23 | 2023-03-23 | Battery charging circuit and battery charging method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310287547.3A CN116073497B (en) | 2023-03-23 | 2023-03-23 | Battery charging circuit and battery charging method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116073497A CN116073497A (en) | 2023-05-05 |
| CN116073497B true CN116073497B (en) | 2023-10-20 |
Family
ID=86183939
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310287547.3A Active CN116073497B (en) | 2023-03-23 | 2023-03-23 | Battery charging circuit and battery charging method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116073497B (en) |
Citations (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0327733A (en) * | 1989-06-20 | 1991-02-06 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Charging displaying circuit |
| CN2190366Y (en) * | 1994-06-16 | 1995-02-22 | 辜海青 | Full-automatic emergency power supply |
| JPH10290534A (en) * | 1997-04-14 | 1998-10-27 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Battery charger |
| CN1564421A (en) * | 2004-03-17 | 2005-01-12 | 毛锦铭 | Charger for lithium cell |
| CN105244981A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-01-13 | 深圳市祝你快乐科技有限公司 | Energy saving charger capable of automatic power cutoff |
| WO2017152456A1 (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2017-09-14 | 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 | Alternating current-to-direct current power supply output system |
| CN207218340U (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2018-04-10 | 河北大学 | A kind of switching mode constant current constant voltage lithium battery charger |
| CN109962509A (en) * | 2017-12-23 | 2019-07-02 | 桑逸轩 | A kind of electric vehicle Automatic- power off charger circuit |
| CN110011377A (en) * | 2019-04-20 | 2019-07-12 | 河南品志高新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of lead-acid batteries intelligent charger |
| CN209738834U (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2019-12-06 | 湖南汽车工程职业学院 | Protection display type electric motor car intelligent charging ware |
| CN211183497U (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-08-04 | 杭州明坤电器有限公司 | Full-automatic power-off charger |
| CN211456742U (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2020-09-08 | 杭州明坤电器有限公司 | Multiple protection lithium ion battery charger |
| CN212447151U (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2021-02-02 | 惠州市英盟科技有限公司 | Anti-bulging charging control circuit and charger |
-
2023
- 2023-03-23 CN CN202310287547.3A patent/CN116073497B/en active Active
Patent Citations (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0327733A (en) * | 1989-06-20 | 1991-02-06 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Charging displaying circuit |
| CN2190366Y (en) * | 1994-06-16 | 1995-02-22 | 辜海青 | Full-automatic emergency power supply |
| JPH10290534A (en) * | 1997-04-14 | 1998-10-27 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Battery charger |
| CN1564421A (en) * | 2004-03-17 | 2005-01-12 | 毛锦铭 | Charger for lithium cell |
| CN105244981A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-01-13 | 深圳市祝你快乐科技有限公司 | Energy saving charger capable of automatic power cutoff |
| WO2017152456A1 (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2017-09-14 | 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 | Alternating current-to-direct current power supply output system |
| CN207218340U (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2018-04-10 | 河北大学 | A kind of switching mode constant current constant voltage lithium battery charger |
| CN109962509A (en) * | 2017-12-23 | 2019-07-02 | 桑逸轩 | A kind of electric vehicle Automatic- power off charger circuit |
| CN110011377A (en) * | 2019-04-20 | 2019-07-12 | 河南品志高新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of lead-acid batteries intelligent charger |
| CN209738834U (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2019-12-06 | 湖南汽车工程职业学院 | Protection display type electric motor car intelligent charging ware |
| CN211456742U (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2020-09-08 | 杭州明坤电器有限公司 | Multiple protection lithium ion battery charger |
| CN211183497U (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-08-04 | 杭州明坤电器有限公司 | Full-automatic power-off charger |
| CN212447151U (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2021-02-02 | 惠州市英盟科技有限公司 | Anti-bulging charging control circuit and charger |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN116073497A (en) | 2023-05-05 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN211240188U (en) | DOB integration LED constant current road | |
| CN111629485A (en) | Low standby power consumption lighting circuit and lighting lamp | |
| CN204069443U (en) | A kind of electronic switch | |
| CN104703358A (en) | Wide-voltage-range LED (light emitting diode) lamp switching and dimming driving circuit and LED lamp dimming control system | |
| CN203788516U (en) | Intelligent dimming efficient constant-current LED driving chip | |
| CN116073497B (en) | Battery charging circuit and battery charging method | |
| CN212211460U (en) | Low standby power consumption lighting circuit and lighting lamp | |
| CN212013128U (en) | LED light source drive control system | |
| CN217904711U (en) | Intelligent street lamp controller | |
| CN209233112U (en) | A kind of digital camera power supply adaptor | |
| CN219124395U (en) | Anti-surge and non-afterglow LED driving circuit, luminous component and LED lamp | |
| CN204539556U (en) | The switch dimming drive circuit of Width funtion LED and LED dimming control system | |
| CN212115181U (en) | Ultra-fast starting power supply | |
| CN109246892B (en) | Linear voltage stabilizing circuit and voltage stabilizing power supply system | |
| CN216795332U (en) | Power supply controller of intelligent sphygmomanometer | |
| CN211267181U (en) | LED lamp circuit with emergency lighting function | |
| CN220911554U (en) | Electric heater control circuit | |
| CN204362355U (en) | A kind of LED drive circuit with overheat protective function | |
| CN216390486U (en) | Alternating current transmission circuit and power strip | |
| CN216121782U (en) | Alternating current transmission circuit and power strip | |
| CN111542150A (en) | Human body induction LED lamp circuit with fire-fighting emergency lighting function | |
| CN214223428U (en) | Safe temperature automatic control water heater | |
| CN214381506U (en) | Protection circuit of current source ripple suppression circuit | |
| CN217087786U (en) | LED power supply circuit | |
| CN213638293U (en) | LED drive protection circuit |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |