CN116072663B - Power module and electronic equipment with same - Google Patents
Power module and electronic equipment with same Download PDFInfo
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- CN116072663B CN116072663B CN202310188427.8A CN202310188427A CN116072663B CN 116072663 B CN116072663 B CN 116072663B CN 202310188427 A CN202310188427 A CN 202310188427A CN 116072663 B CN116072663 B CN 116072663B
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- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
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- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
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- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012858 packaging process Methods 0.000 description 4
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L25/00—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof
- H01L25/16—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof the devices being of types provided for in two or more different main groups of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. forming hybrid circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/34—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements
- H01L23/36—Selection of materials, or shaping, to facilitate cooling or heating, e.g. heatsinks
- H01L23/367—Cooling facilitated by shape of device
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/48—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor
- H01L23/488—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor consisting of soldered or bonded constructions
- H01L23/495—Lead-frames or other flat leads
- H01L23/49517—Additional leads
- H01L23/4952—Additional leads the additional leads being a bump or a wire
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a power module and electronic equipment with the same. The plurality of driving chips comprise a low-voltage driving chip and a high-voltage driving chip, the high-voltage driving chip is integrated with a bootstrap boosting module, the plurality of control side pins are respectively electrically connected with the low-voltage driving chip and the high-voltage driving chip and extend out of the plastic package body from the control side, and the plurality of power side pins are respectively electrically connected with the low-voltage power chip and the high-voltage power chip and extend out of the plastic package body from the power side. Wherein, a plurality of control side pins include at least one high side suspension power supply pin, and high side suspension power supply pin is connected with high voltage driver chip electricity respectively, and in the plane of perpendicular to plastic envelope body thickness direction, the orthographic projection' S of at least one high side suspension power supply pin area is S, and wherein, S satisfies: 1.8mm 2 ≤S≤3mm 2 . The power module provided by the invention saves the space of the frame, thereby improving the heat dissipation performance and the reliability of the power module.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of electronic devices, and in particular, to a power module and an electronic device having the same.
Background
In the related art, the bootstrap boost chip of the power module is generally independently arranged, and needs to occupy a larger width of the power module, and the heat dissipation performance of the power module is limited, so that the reliability of the power module is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a power module, which saves the space of the frame, thereby improving the heat dissipation performance and reliability of the power module.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an electronic device employing the above power module.
According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, a power module includes: the plastic package body is provided with a control side and a power side at two opposite sides respectively; the power chips are arranged in the plastic package body and comprise a low-voltage power chip and a high-voltage power chip; a frame including a control side lead frame having a low voltage die pad, a high voltage die pad, and a plurality of control side pins, and a power side lead frame having a plurality of power side pins; the driving chips comprise a low-voltage driving chip and a high-voltage driving chip, the low-voltage driving chip is arranged on the low-voltage chip bonding pad, the high-voltage driving chip is arranged on the high-voltage chip bonding pad, the high-voltage driving chip is integrated with a bootstrap boosting module, the low-voltage driving chip is electrically connected with the low-voltage power chip, the high-voltage driving chip is electrically connected with the high-voltage power chip, a plurality of control side pins are respectively electrically connected with the low-voltage driving chip and the high-voltage driving chip and extend out of the plastic package body from the control side, and a plurality of power side pins are respectively electrically connected with the low-voltage power chip and the high-voltage power chip and extend out of the plastic package body from the power side; the control side pins comprise at least one high-side suspension power supply pin, the high-side suspension power supply pins are respectively electrically connected with the high-voltage driving chip, the area of orthographic projection of at least one high-side suspension power supply pin is S in a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the plastic package body, and the S satisfies: 1.8mm 2 ≤S≤3mm 2 。
According to the power module provided by the embodiment of the invention, the bootstrap boosting module is integrated on the high-voltage driving chip, so that the space occupied by the bootstrap boosting module on the plastic package body is reduced, the space of the lead frame at the control side is saved, and the heat dissipation performance and the reliability of the power module are improved. In addition, high-voltage drive circuit, low-voltage drive circuit, and power device (e.g., power chip) electricThe connection between the paths is simpler, and the packaging process of the power module is simplified. In addition, the area S of the orthographic projection of at least one high-side suspension power supply pin is set to be 1.8mm 2 ≤S≤3mm 2 The space occupied by the high-side suspension power supply pin on the plastic package body is smaller, and the heat dissipation of the power module is facilitated.
According to some embodiments of the invention, there is only a gap between the high side floating supply pin and the high voltage chip pad.
According to some embodiments of the invention, in a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the plastic package, a distance between an edge of the orthographic projection of the high-side suspension power supply pin facing away from the control side and an orthographic projection of the edge of the control side of the plastic package is L 1 Wherein the L 1 The method meets the following conditions: l is less than or equal to 1.4mm 1 ≤2.05mm。
According to some embodiments of the invention, in a plane perpendicular to a thickness direction of the plastic package, a distance between an edge of the orthographic projection of the high-voltage chip pad facing the control side and an orthographic projection of the edge of the control side of the plastic package is L 2 Wherein the L 2 The method meets the following conditions: l is less than or equal to 1.8mm 2 ≤2.45mm。
According to some embodiments of the invention, the plurality of control side pins further comprises a power pin and an input pin, the power pin and the input pin are respectively electrically connected with the high voltage driving chip, and the power pin is located between the input pin and the high side floating power pin.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the high-side floating power pins are at least two; in a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the plastic package body, orthographic projections of at least two high-side suspension power supply pins are opposite to edges, facing the control side, of orthographic projections of the high-voltage chip bonding pads.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the plurality of control side pins further includes a power pin and an input pin, the power pin and the input pin being electrically connected to the high voltage driver chip, respectively, the input pin being located between the power pin and the high side floating power pin.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the high voltage driving chip has a power supply end and a high side floating power supply end, the positive end of the bootstrap boost module is connected with the power supply end, and the negative end of the bootstrap boost module is connected with the high side floating power supply end.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the power module further comprises: and the substrate is at least partially encapsulated in the plastic package, and the low-voltage power chip and the high-voltage power chip are arranged on the substrate.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the low voltage power chips are three, and the high voltage power chips are three; the substrate is provided with three low-voltage conductive areas and one high-voltage conductive area which are spaced from each other, the three low-voltage power chips are arranged in the three low-voltage conductive areas in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the three high-voltage power chips are arranged in the high-voltage conductive areas, and the three low-voltage conductive areas and the three high-voltage conductive areas are respectively connected with the corresponding power side pins.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the substrate, the control side lead frame, and the power side lead frame are constructed from a unitary frame, the substrate being encapsulated within the plastic package.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the power module further comprises: the insulating sheet is arranged on one side of the substrate, which is opposite to the low-voltage power chip and the high-voltage power chip; and the radiating fin is arranged on one side of the insulating sheet, which is opposite to the substrate, and is exposed from the plastic package body.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the control side lead frame and the power side lead frame are constructed from a unitary frame, the power side lead frame being connected to the substrate; the substrate comprises a conducting layer, an insulating layer and a heat dissipation layer, wherein the conducting layer and the heat dissipation layer are respectively arranged on the surfaces of two sides of the insulating layer, the low-voltage power chip and the high-voltage power chip are arranged on the conducting layer, and the heat dissipation layer is exposed from the plastic package body.
An electronic device according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention comprises a power module according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent and may be better understood from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power module according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a power module according to another embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a power module according to yet another embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a power module according to another embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a power module according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a power module according to another embodiment of the invention;
fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a power module according to yet another embodiment of the invention;
fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a power module according to yet another embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals:
100. a power module;
1. a plastic package body; 11. a control side; 12. a power side;
2. a power chip; 21. a low voltage power chip; 22. a high voltage power chip; 23. cutting the channel;
3. a frame; 31. A control side lead frame;
311. a low voltage chip pad; 312. A high voltage chip pad; 313. A control side pin;
3131. a high-side suspension power supply pin; 3132. a power supply pin; 3133. an input pin;
32. a power side lead frame; 321. A power side pin;
4. a driving chip; 41. A low voltage driving chip;
42. a high voltage driving chip; 421. a bootstrap boost module;
5. a substrate; 51. A low voltage conductive region; 52. A high voltage conductive region;
53. a conductive layer; 54. An insulating layer; 55. A heat dissipation layer;
6. an insulating sheet; 7. a heat sink.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
A power module 100 according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1-8. The power module 100 may be a smart power module (abbreviation of IPM, intelligent Power Module). But is not limited thereto.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a power module 100 according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention includes a plastic package 1, a plurality of power chips 2, a frame 3, and a plurality of driving chips 4. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more.
Specifically, the control side 11 and the power side 12 are respectively located on opposite sides of the plastic package body 1, and the plurality of power chips 2 are disposed in the plastic package body 1, and the plurality of power chips 2 include a low-voltage power chip 21 and a high-voltage power chip 22. For example, in the example of fig. 1 to 4, the upper side of the plastic package body 1 is the control side 11, the lower side of the plastic package body 1 is the power side 12, the plurality of power chips 2 are located between the control side 11 and the power side 12 of the plastic package body 1, and the plurality of power chips 2 include a low voltage power chip 21 located at the left part of the plastic package body 1 and a high voltage power chip 22 located at the right part of the plastic package body 1. So set up, plastic envelope 1 can provide physics and electrical protection to a plurality of power chips 2 to prevent that external environment from striking power chip 2, thereby can prolong power chip 2's life.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the frame 3 includes a control side lead frame 31 and a power side lead frame 32, the control side lead frame 31 having a low voltage chip pad 311, a high voltage chip pad 312, and a plurality of control side pins 313, the power side lead frame 32 having a plurality of power side pins 321. The plurality of driving chips 4 includes a low-voltage driving chip 41 and a high-voltage driving chip 42, the low-voltage driving chip 41 is disposed on the low-voltage chip pad 311, the high-voltage driving chip 42 is disposed on the high-voltage chip pad 312, and the high-voltage driving chip 42 is integrated with the bootstrap boost module 421.
For example, in the example of fig. 1 to 4, the portion of the frame 3 located at the upper side of the molding body 1 is the control side lead frame 31, the portion of the frame 3 located at the lower side of the molding body 1 is the power side lead frame 32, the low voltage chip pad 311 is located at the left side of the high voltage chip pad 312, and the low voltage chip pad 311 is adjacent to the low voltage power chip 21, the high voltage chip pad 312 is adjacent to the high voltage power chip 22, and the bootstrap-boost module 421 is integrated on the high voltage driving chip 42. Thus, compared with the bootstrap boost chip independent arrangement in the prior art, since the bootstrap boost module 421 is integrated on the high-voltage driving chip 42, the number of power chips of the power module 100 can be reduced, the space occupied by the bootstrap boost module 421 on the plastic package 1 is reduced, the space of the control side lead frame 31 is saved, and the dimension of the control side lead frame 31 in the up-down direction (for example, the direction indicated by the arrow a) is reduced. When the power chip 2 works to generate heat, heat exchange is performed between the power module 100 and other heat dissipation components to realize heat dissipation of the power module 100. Therefore, the contact area between the power module 100 and other heat dissipation components can be relatively increased, and the heat dissipation performance and reliability of the power module 100 are further improved.
In addition, the power module in the prior art mainly includes four circuits, namely, a bootstrap boost module circuit, a high-voltage driving circuit, a low-voltage driving circuit and a power device (e.g. a power chip) circuit, and in this application, by integrating the bootstrap boost module 421 on the high-voltage driving chip 42, the power module 100 includes three circuits, namely, a high-voltage driving circuit, a low-voltage driving circuit and a power device (e.g. a power chip 2) circuit, so that the connection between the circuits is relatively simpler.
In addition, when the power module 100 includes three bootstrap and boost modules 421, by integrating the bootstrap and boost modules 421 on the high-voltage driving chip 42, the number of chips of the power module 100 is reduced by three, and correspondingly, the use of bonding wires for connecting the bootstrap and boost modules 421 and the high-voltage driving chip 42 is omitted, the number of chips on the power module 100 is reduced by about 17%, the number of bonding wires is reduced by about 7%, and the packaging process of the power module 100 is simplified.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the low voltage driving chip 41 is electrically connected to the low voltage power chip 21, the high voltage driving chip 42 is electrically connected to the high voltage power chip 22, the plurality of control side pins 313 are electrically connected to the low voltage driving chip 41 and the high voltage driving chip 42, respectively, and extend from the control side 11 to the molding body 1, and the plurality of power side pins 321 are electrically connected to the low voltage power chip 21 and the high voltage power chip 22, respectively, and extend from the power side 12 to the molding body 1. For example, in the example of fig. 1 to 4, a part of the control side pins 313 among the plurality of control side pins 313 are electrically connected to the low voltage driving chip 41 in the up-down direction, the low voltage driving chip 41 is electrically connected to the low voltage power chip 21, and the low voltage power chip 21 may be electrically connected to a part of the power side pins 321 at the lower side of the plastic package 1. When the power module 100 works, the plurality of control side pins 313 and the plurality of power side pins 321 can be connected with an external controller, so that the internal circuit on the power module 100 is electrically connected with the external circuit to form an electrical loop, and normal use of the power module 100 is facilitated.
The plurality of control side pins 313 include at least one high side floating power supply pin 3131, the high side floating power supply pin 3131 is electrically connected to the high voltage driving chip 42, and in a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the plastic package body 1 (i.e., a plane shown in fig. 1), an orthographic projection area of the at least one high side floating power supply pin 3131 is S, where S satisfies: 1.8mm 2 ≤S≤3mm 2 . For example, in the example of fig. 1-4, the high side floating power pin 3131 is located above the high voltage die pad 312, and the high voltage die pad 312 is located above the high side floating power pin 3131 and the high voltage power coreBetween the sheets 22. When the area of the orthographic projection of the at least one high-side floating power pin 3131 is less than 1.8mm 2 In this case, the space occupied by the high-side suspension power supply pin 3131 on the plastic package body 1 is small, which is not beneficial to the normal use of the high-side suspension power supply pin 3131. When the area of the orthographic projection of the high-side suspension power supply pin 3131 is larger than 3mm 2 In this case, the space occupied by the high-side suspension power supply pin 3131 on the plastic package body 1 is larger, and the contact area between the power module 100 and other heat dissipation components is reduced, which affects the heat dissipation performance of the power module 100. Therefore, by providing an area S of orthographic projection of at least one high side floating power pin 3131: 1.8mm 2 ≤S≤3mm 2 The space occupied by the high-side suspension power supply pin 3131 on the plastic package body 1 is smaller, so that the distance between the high-side suspension power supply pin 3131 and the high-voltage chip bonding pad 312 can be reduced, the contact area between the power module 100 and other heat dissipation components is further increased, heat dissipation of the power module 100 is facilitated, and the reliability of the power module 100 is further improved.
According to the power module 100 of the embodiment of the invention, the bootstrap boost module 421 is integrated on the high-voltage driving chip 42, so that the space occupied by the bootstrap boost module 421 on the plastic package body 1 is reduced, the space of the control side lead frame 31 is saved, and the heat dissipation performance and the reliability of the power module 100 are improved. In addition, the connections between the high voltage drive circuit, the low voltage drive circuit, and the power device (e.g., power chip 2) circuit are simpler, simplifying the packaging process of the power module 100. In addition, the area S of the orthographic projection of at least one high-side suspension power supply pin 3131 is set to be 1.8mm 2 ≤S≤3mm 2 The space occupied by the high-side suspension power supply pin 3131 on the plastic package body 1 is smaller, which is more beneficial to heat dissipation of the power module 100.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 1-4, there is only a gap between the high side floating power pin 3131 and the high voltage chip pad 312. The high side floating power pin 3131 is separated from the high voltage chip pad 312 only by a gap, and no other components. Therefore, the distance between the high-side suspension power supply pin 3131 and the high-voltage chip pad 312 is further reduced, the dimension of the control-side lead frame 31 in the up-down direction (for example, the direction indicated by the arrow a) is further reduced, the contact area between the power module 100 and other heat dissipation components is further increased, heat dissipation of the power module 100 is facilitated, and the service performance of the power module 100 is further improved. It should be noted that the size of the gap may be specifically set according to actual requirements, so as to better satisfy practical applications.
Optionally, in combination with fig. 1, in a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the plastic package 1, the distance between the edge of the orthographic projection of the high-side suspension power supply pin 3131 facing away from the control side 11 and the orthographic projection of the edge of the control side 11 of the plastic package 1 is L 1 Wherein L is 1 The method meets the following conditions: l is less than or equal to 1.4mm 1 Less than or equal to 2.05mm. For example, in the example of fig. 1, "the edge of the front projection of the high-side floating power supply pin 3131 facing away from the control side 11" refers to the lower edge of the front projection of the high-side floating power supply pin 3131, and "the edge of the control side 11 of the plastic package 1" refers to the upper edge of the plastic package 1. That is, "L 1 "refers to the distance between the front projected lower edge of the high side floating power pin 3131 and the upper edge of the plastic package 1. Thus, by making L 1 The method meets the following conditions: l is less than or equal to 1.4mm 1 The distance between the lower edge of the orthographic projection of the high-side suspension power supply pin 3131 and the upper edge of the plastic package body 1 is smaller, the material cost of the high-side suspension power supply pin 3131 can be reduced while the occupied area of the high-side suspension power supply pin 3131 on the plastic package body 1 is reduced, and the structural strength of the high-side suspension power supply pin 3131 is ensured.
Further, in combination with fig. 2, in a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the plastic package 1, a distance between an edge of the orthographic projection of the high-voltage chip pad 312 facing the control side 11 and an orthographic projection of the edge of the control side 11 of the plastic package 1 is L 2 Wherein L is 2 The method meets the following conditions: l is less than or equal to 1.8mm 2 Less than or equal to 2.45mm. For example, in the example of fig. 1, "the edge of the orthographic projection of the high-voltage chip pad 312 toward the control side 11" refers to the upper edge of the orthographic projection of the high-voltage chip pad 312, and "the edge of the control side 11 of the plastic package 1" refers to the upper edge of the plastic package 1. That is, "L 2 "refer toIs the distance between the orthographic projected upper edge of the high voltage die pad 312 and the upper edge of the plastic package 1. Thus, by setting so that L2 satisfies: l is less than or equal to 1.8mm 2 The distance between the upper edge of the orthographic projection of the high-voltage chip bonding pad 312 and the upper edge of the plastic package body 1 is smaller, so that the interval between the high-voltage chip bonding pad and the power side pin 321 is larger under the condition that the size of the power module 100 is not changed, and the heat dissipation of the power module 100 is more facilitated.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the plurality of control side pins 313 further includes a power pin 3132 and an input pin 3133, for example, in the examples of fig. 1-4, the power pin 3132 is a VP1 pin and the input pin 3133 includes a WP pin, a VP pin, and an UP pin. The power supply pin 3132 and the input pin 3133 are electrically connected to the high voltage driver chip 42, respectively, and the power supply pin 3132 is located between the input pin 3133 and the high side floating power supply pin 3131 (not shown).
So set up, power pin 3132 is closer to high voltage driver chip 42, is favorable to the electrical connection between power pin 3132 and the high voltage driver chip 42, and the connection is simple. The high voltage chip pad and the relatively short length of the power pin 3132 reduces the material cost of the power pin 3132. Meanwhile, the occupied space of the power supply pin 3132 between the high-side suspension power supply pin 3131 and the high-voltage chip bonding pad is saved, the gaps between the high-voltage chip bonding pad 312 and the VP1 pin and between the VP1 pin and the bonding pad of the bootstrap boost module 421 can be saved, the areas of the high-voltage chip bonding pad 312 and the low-voltage chip bonding pad 311 can be synchronously moved upwards, and the size of the control side lead frame 31 in the upper and lower directions of the plastic package body 1 is reduced, so that the heat dissipation of the power module 100 is facilitated. In addition, the packaging process among the components of the power module 100 is simpler, the packaging period of the power module 100 is shortened, and the production efficiency of the power module 100 is improved.
Optionally, there are at least two high-side suspension power supply pins 3131, and in a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the plastic package body 1, the orthographic projection of at least two high-side suspension power supply pins 3131 is opposite to the edge of the orthographic projection of the high-voltage chip pad 312 facing the control side 11. For example, in the example of fig. 1, there are three high-side floating power supply pins 3131, which are the Vwfb pin, the Vvfb pin, and the Vufb pin, respectively, and the three high-side floating power supply pins 3131 are all electrically connected to the high-voltage driving chip 42, and the three high-side floating power supply pins 3131 are arranged at intervals from left to right, where the front projection of two high-side floating power supply pins 3131 is opposite to the upper side edge of the front projection of the high-voltage chip pad 312. Thereby, the electrical connection between the high-side levitation power supply pins 3131 and the high-voltage driving chip 42 is facilitated, and the occupation area of at least two high-side levitation power supply pins 3131 in the up-down direction is reduced. It should be noted that the number of high-side floating power pins 3131 may be the same as the number of high-voltage power chips 22.
According to further embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 1-4, input pin 3133 is located between power pin 3132 and high side floating power pin 3131. For example, in the examples of FIGS. 1-4, the WP pin, the VP pin, and the UP pin are located between the VP1 pin and the Vwfb pin. That is, the power pin 3132 is located on the leftmost side of all high side floating power pins 3131. So set up, on the one hand, saved the occupation space of power pin 3132 between high side suspension power pin 3131 and high voltage chip pad, reduced the size of frame 3 in the upper and lower direction of plastic envelope 1 to be favorable to the heat dissipation to power module 100. On the other hand, the length of the power pin 3132 is relatively reduced, the material cost of the power pin 3132 is reduced, and the connection between the power pin 3132 and other components is also simpler. In addition, the wire length of the bonding pad connecting the high-voltage chip bonding pad 312 and the bootstrap boost module 421 can be shortened from 3.8mm to 3.2mm from the longest wire in the prior art, and the wire length is shortened by 15.7%. The minimum distance between the pad of the bootstrap and boost module 421 and the high-voltage chip pad 312 is reduced from 1.2mm to 0.4mm, and the pad area of the bootstrap and boost module 421 is reduced from 3.7mm in the prior art 2 Reduced to a minimum of 0.95mm 2 。
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the high voltage driver chip 42 has a power supply terminal and a high side floating power supply terminal, the positive terminal of the bootstrap boost module 421 is connected to the power supply terminal, and the negative terminal of the bootstrap boost module 421 is connected to the high side floating power supply terminal. So set up, can realize bootstrapping the electric connection of the positive negative pole of boost module 421, when power module 100 uses, only need be connected power end and high side suspension power supply end with external electrical component, just can realize bootstrapping the electric connection of boost module 421 to can realize bootstrapping the bootstrapping function of boost module 421, thereby guarantee power module 100 bridge IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor ) can normally open, be favorable to power module 100's normal use, and the dismouting of power module 100 of being convenient for.
Further, referring to fig. 1-4, the power module 100 further includes a substrate 5, at least a portion of the substrate 5 is encapsulated in the plastic package 1, and the low voltage power chip 21 and the high voltage power chip 22 are disposed on the substrate 5. For example, in the example of fig. 1-4, the substrate 5 is located between the control side 11 and the power side 12 of the plastic package 1. Therefore, the substrate 5 is used for carrying the low-voltage power chip 21 and the high-voltage power chip 22, and the control side lead frame 31 connects the low-voltage driving chip 41 and the high-voltage driving chip 42 with external electrical components through the control side pins 313, so that the plurality of control side pins 313 can be synchronously assembled and disassembled, and the assembling and disassembling difficulty of the power module 100 is reduced. In addition, in the invention, by reducing the space occupied by the control side lead frame 31 on the plastic package body 1, the maximum increase of the substrate 5 in the up-down direction can be 1.9mm, thereby facilitating the heat exchange between the power chip 2 and the outside through the substrate 5, enhancing the heat dissipation performance of the power module 100, reducing the temperature rise of the power module 100, and improving the reliability of the power module 100.
Alternatively, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the number of low-voltage power chips 21 is three, the number of high-voltage power chips 22 is three, the substrate 5 has three low-voltage conductive areas 51 and one high-voltage conductive area 52 spaced from each other, the three low-voltage power chips 21 are disposed in the three low-voltage conductive areas 51 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the three high-voltage power chips 22 are disposed in the high-voltage conductive areas 52, and the three low-voltage conductive areas 51 and the high-voltage conductive areas 52 are respectively connected to the corresponding power side pins 321. For example, in the example of fig. 1 and 2, three low voltage conductive areas 51 and one high voltage conductive area 52 are sequentially arranged along the left-right direction of the substrate 5, and the low voltage power chip 21 and the high voltage power chip 22 are close to the upper side of the substrate 5, and the lower side of the substrate 5 overlaps the power side pins 321. In addition, each low-voltage power chip 21 and each high-voltage power chip 22 are integrated in pairs, and for example, the power chip 2 may be a MOS chip or an RC-IGBT chip. By the arrangement, the power chips 2 integrated in pairs can realize the same function of the power module 100 (when the power chips 2 are not integrated), and the number of chips on the power module 100 can be further reduced. For example, the minimum number of chips of the power module 100 is two driving chips 4 and six power chips 2.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 6, the substrate 5, the control side lead frame 31, and the power side lead frame 32 are constructed of the unitary frame 3, and the substrate 5 is encapsulated within the plastic package 1. So configured, on the one hand, the substrate 5, the control-side lead frame 31, and the power-side lead frame 32 are integrally constructed, facilitating packaging of the integral frame 3 with other components, thereby improving assembly efficiency of the power module 100. On the other hand, the overall structural strength of the substrate 5, the control side lead frame 31, and the power side lead frame 32 is improved, thereby prolonging the service life of the power module 100.
Further, referring to fig. 7, the power module 100 further includes an insulating sheet 6 and a heat sink 7, the insulating sheet 6 is disposed on a side of the substrate 5 facing away from the low-voltage power chip 21 and the high-voltage power chip 22, and the heat sink 7 is disposed on a side of the insulating sheet 6 facing away from the substrate 5 and is exposed from the plastic package 1. For example, in the example of fig. 7, the insulating sheet 6 is located between the substrate 5 and the heat sink 7. Thus, by disposing the insulating sheet 6 between the substrate 5 and the heat sink 7 to space the substrate 5 and the heat sink 7 apart, the substrate 5 and the heat sink 7 are prevented from being electrically connected. When the power chip 2 works to generate heat, the heat can be transferred to the heat sink 7 through the substrate 5 and the insulating sheet 6, and the heat sink 7 exchanges heat with the outside to realize heat dissipation of the power module 100. Alternatively, the heat sink 7 may be a copper sheet. But is not limited thereto.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 8, the control side lead frame 31 and the power side lead frame 32 are constructed of the integral frame 3, the power side lead frame 32 is connected to the substrate 5, the substrate 5 includes a conductive layer 53, an insulating layer 54, and a heat dissipation layer 55, the conductive layer 53 and the heat dissipation layer 55 are respectively provided on both side surfaces of the insulating layer 54, the low voltage power chip 21 and the high voltage power chip 22 are provided on the conductive layer 53, and the heat dissipation layer 55 is exposed from the plastic package 1. For example, in the example of fig. 8, the substrate 5 includes a conductive layer 53, an insulating layer 54, and a heat dissipation layer 55 arranged in the thickness direction, the power chip 2 and the power side pins 321 are connected to the conductive layer 53, and a surface of the insulating layer 54 on a side away from the power chip 2 is flush with the bottom surface of the plastic package 1 and exposed outside the plastic package 1. When the power chip 2 works to generate heat, the heat can be transferred to the heat dissipation layer 55 through the conductive layer 53 and the insulating layer 54, and the heat dissipation layer 55 exchanges heat with the outside to realize heat dissipation of the power module 100.
Alternatively, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the three high-voltage power chips 22 are not scribed during scribing, the three high-voltage power chips 22 are separated by the scribe lines 23, functions between two adjacent high-voltage power chips 22 are independent, when the high-voltage power chips 22 are installed, the three high-voltage power chips 22 can be installed at one time, the installation efficiency of the power chips 2 is reduced from six times of taking and placing the power chips 2 to four times of taking and placing the power chips 2, and the packaging efficiency of the power chips 2 is improved. In addition, since there is no gap between the three high-voltage power chips 22, the three high-voltage power chips 22 can be placed in the middle of the substrate 5, and the size of the substrate 5 in the left-right direction can be further reduced. For example, the reduction in size is about 1.0mm to 1.6mm, saving material for the substrate 5. At the same time, the length of the gold wires for connecting the driving chip 4 and the frame 3 can be shortened, for example, from 4.65mm to 4.02mm, the use cost of the gold wires is saved, and the risk of punching wires is reduced.
According to some alternative embodiments of the present invention, when the high voltage power chips 22 are at least two, each high voltage power chip 22 includes a drift layer (not shown), and the drift layers of at least two adjacent high voltage power chips 22 are configured as one piece so that the at least two adjacent high voltage power chips 22 are abutted against and integrated with each other. Therefore, the number of the power chips 2 of the power module 100 is further reduced, the packaging efficiency is improved, and the distance between the two high-voltage power chips 22 can be reduced by 1.0mm-1.6mm compared with the prior art because at least two high-voltage power chips 22 have no gap, so that the size of the power module 100 can be further reduced, the cost is further reduced, meanwhile, the length of a wire connected with the high-voltage power chips 22 can be shortened to 4.02mm from 4.65mm in the prior art, and the wire punching risk is reduced while the length of the wire is saved. In addition, since the drift layers of at least two adjacent high-voltage power chips 22 are constructed as one piece, dicing is not required during processing of the adjacent high-voltage power chips 22, the production process is reduced, and the production efficiency is further improved.
Thus, the power module 100 according to the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of small size, low cost, less production process, high production efficiency and the like.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 3 and 4, at least two adjacent high voltage power chips 22 are abutted against and integrated with each other by a drift layer therebetween without dicing. In this way, compared with the prior art in which adjacent high-voltage power chips are connected through a connecting piece, the power module 100 in the embodiment of the invention directly clings to each other between the adjacent high-voltage power chips 22 through the drift layer, so that the distance between the adjacent high-voltage power chips 22 can be reduced more effectively, the arrangement of the high-voltage power chips 22 is more compact, the size of the power module 100 is reduced, the cost is reduced, the wire bonding length between the adjacent high-voltage power chips 22 can be further shortened, the wire bonding length is saved, the wire punching risk is reduced, the production process is reduced, and the effective efficiency is higher.
Alternatively, the low voltage driving chip 41 and the high voltage driving chip 42 may be adhered to the control side lead frame 31 by a silver paste or other adhesive material, the control side lead frame 31 and the power side lead frame 32 may be pre-fixed with the substrate 5 by solder paste printing or laser welding, and the low voltage power chip 21 and the high voltage power chip 22 may be connected with the substrate 5 by solder paste printing.
In this way, by the arrangement of the plastic package body 1, at least one part of the low-voltage driving chip 41, the high-voltage driving chip 42, the low-voltage power chip 21, the high-voltage power chip 22 and the substrate 5 can be packaged, so that damage to the low-voltage driving chip 41, the high-voltage driving chip 42, the low-voltage power chip 21, the high-voltage power chip 22 and the substrate 5 can be avoided, and direct electrical conduction between the low-voltage driving chip 41, the high-voltage driving chip 42, the low-voltage power chip 21 and the high-voltage power chip 22 and the outside can be prevented, thereby improving the circuit safety. In addition, the power side pins 321 connect the low-voltage power chip 21 and the high-voltage power chip 22 with external electrical components, and the power side pins 321 can be synchronously assembled and disassembled, so that the assembling and disassembling difficulty of the power module 100 is further reduced.
Alternatively, the plurality of control side pins 313 and the plurality of power side pins 321 may be made of metallic copper or copper alloy. The plastic package body 1 may be made of an epoxy resin material. Therefore, the manufactured plastic package body 1 has certain compressive strength and insulativity, the structural strength of the plastic package body 1 is increased, the service life of the plastic package body 1 is prolonged, and the epoxy resin material can provide physical and electrical protection to prevent the chip from being impacted by the external environment.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, at least one of the low voltage power chip 21 and the high voltage power chip 22 is a reverse-conducting insulated gate bipolar transistor (RC-IGBT), that is, the low voltage power chip 21 is solely a reverse-conducting insulated gate bipolar transistor (RC-IGBT), or the high voltage power chip 22 is solely a reverse-conducting insulated gate bipolar transistor (RC-IGBT), or both the low voltage power chip 21 and the high voltage power chip 22 are reverse-conducting insulated gate bipolar transistors (RC-IGBT).
Or, at least one of the low voltage power chip 21 and the high voltage power chip 22 is a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor type insulated gate bipolar transistor (MOSFET), that is, the low voltage power chip 21 is solely a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor type insulated gate bipolar transistor (MOSFET), the high voltage power chip 22 is solely a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor type insulated gate bipolar transistor (MOSFET), and both the low voltage power chip 21 and the high voltage power chip 22 are metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor type insulated gate bipolar transistors (MOSFET).
In this way, the types of the low-voltage power chip 21 and the high-voltage power chip 22 can be selected according to the usage scenario of the power module 100, the structure of the power module 100 is more varied, and the applicable scenario of the power module 100 is more.
An electronic device (not shown) according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention comprises a power module 100 according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention described above.
According to the electronic equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention, the power module 100 is adopted, so that the heat dissipation of the electronic equipment is facilitated, the service performance of the electronic equipment is improved, and the service life of the electronic equipment is prolonged.
Other constructions and operations of electronic devices according to embodiments of the present invention are known to those of ordinary skill in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "length", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description herein, reference to the term "particular embodiment," "particular example," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (14)
1. A power module, comprising:
the plastic package body is provided with a control side and a power side at two opposite sides respectively;
the power chips are arranged in the plastic package body and comprise a low-voltage power chip and a high-voltage power chip;
a frame including a control side lead frame having a low voltage die pad, a high voltage die pad, and a plurality of control side pins, and a power side lead frame having a plurality of power side pins;
the driving chips comprise a low-voltage driving chip and a high-voltage driving chip, the low-voltage driving chip is arranged on the low-voltage chip bonding pad, the high-voltage driving chip is arranged on the high-voltage chip bonding pad, the high-voltage driving chip is integrated with a bootstrap boosting module, the low-voltage driving chip is electrically connected with the low-voltage power chip, the high-voltage driving chip is electrically connected with the high-voltage power chip, a plurality of control side pins are respectively electrically connected with the low-voltage driving chip and the high-voltage driving chip and extend out of the plastic package body from the control side, and a plurality of power side pins are respectively electrically connected with the low-voltage power chip and the high-voltage power chip and extend out of the plastic package body from the power side;
the control side pins comprise at least one high-side suspension power supply pin, the high-side suspension power supply pin is electrically connected with the high-voltage driving chip, the area of orthographic projection of the at least one high-side suspension power supply pin is S in a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the plastic package body, and the S satisfies: 1.8mm 2 ≤S≤3mm 2 。
2. The power module of claim 1 wherein the high side floating supply pin has only a gap between the high voltage die pad.
3. The power module of claim 1, wherein a distance between an edge of the orthographic projection of the high-side floating power pin facing away from the control side and an orthographic projection of the edge of the control side of the plastic package is L in a plane perpendicular to a thickness direction of the plastic package 1 Wherein the L 1 The method meets the following conditions: l is less than or equal to 1.4mm 1 ≤2.05mm。
4. The power module according to claim 1, wherein a distance between an edge of the orthographic projection of the high-voltage chip pad facing the control side and an orthographic projection of the edge of the control side of the plastic package in a plane perpendicular to a thickness direction of the plastic package is L 2 Wherein the L 2 The method meets the following conditions: l is less than or equal to 1.8mm 2 ≤2.45mm。
5. The power module of claim 1, wherein the plurality of control side pins further comprises a power pin and an input pin, the power pin and the input pin being electrically connected to the high voltage driver chip, respectively, the power pin being located between the input pin and the high side floating power pin.
6. The power module of claim 5, wherein the high-side floating power pins are at least two;
in a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the plastic package body, orthographic projections of at least two high-side suspension power supply pins are opposite to edges, facing the control side, of orthographic projections of the high-voltage chip bonding pads.
7. The power module of claim 1, wherein the plurality of control side pins further comprises a power pin and an input pin, the power pin and the input pin being electrically connected to the high voltage driver chip, respectively, the input pin being located between the power pin and the high side floating power pin.
8. The power module of claim 1, wherein the high voltage driver chip has a power supply terminal and a high side levitation power supply terminal, the positive terminal of the bootstrap boost module is connected to the power supply terminal, and the negative terminal of the bootstrap boost module is connected to the high side levitation power supply terminal.
9. The power module of any one of claims 1-8, further comprising:
and the substrate is at least partially encapsulated in the plastic package, and the low-voltage power chip and the high-voltage power chip are arranged on the substrate.
10. The power module of claim 9, wherein the low voltage power chips are three and the high voltage power chips are three;
the substrate is provided with three low-voltage conductive areas and one high-voltage conductive area which are spaced from each other, the three low-voltage power chips are arranged in the three low-voltage conductive areas in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the three high-voltage power chips are arranged in the high-voltage conductive areas, and the three low-voltage conductive areas and the three high-voltage conductive areas are respectively connected with the corresponding power side pins.
11. The power module of claim 9, wherein the substrate, the control side lead frame, and the power side lead frame are constructed from a unitary frame, the substrate being encapsulated within the plastic package.
12. The power module of claim 9, further comprising:
the insulating sheet is arranged on one side of the substrate, which is opposite to the low-voltage power chip and the high-voltage power chip;
and the radiating fin is arranged on one side of the insulating sheet, which is opposite to the substrate, and is exposed from the plastic package body.
13. The power module of claim 9, wherein the control side lead frame and the power side lead frame are constructed from a unitary frame, the power side lead frame being connected to the substrate;
the substrate comprises a conducting layer, an insulating layer and a heat dissipation layer, wherein the conducting layer and the heat dissipation layer are respectively arranged on the surfaces of two sides of the insulating layer, the low-voltage power chip and the high-voltage power chip are arranged on the conducting layer, and the heat dissipation layer is exposed from the plastic package body.
14. An electronic device comprising a power module according to any of claims 1-13.
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| CN117673064B (en) * | 2023-11-30 | 2024-05-03 | 海信家电集团股份有限公司 | Intelligent power module and electronic equipment |
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