CN116058773A - Imaging system applied to endoscope and endoscope equipment - Google Patents
Imaging system applied to endoscope and endoscope equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN116058773A CN116058773A CN202111277390.3A CN202111277390A CN116058773A CN 116058773 A CN116058773 A CN 116058773A CN 202111277390 A CN202111277390 A CN 202111277390A CN 116058773 A CN116058773 A CN 116058773A
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- A61B1/00002—Operational features of endoscopes
- A61B1/00004—Operational features of endoscopes characterised by electronic signal processing
- A61B1/00009—Operational features of endoscopes characterised by electronic signal processing of image signals during a use of endoscope
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- A61B1/00002—Operational features of endoscopes
- A61B1/00057—Operational features of endoscopes provided with means for testing or calibration
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/04—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances
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Abstract
The invention discloses an imaging system applied to an endoscope, wherein a first sub-optical system and a second sub-optical system are respectively used for collecting light rays of different wave bands of object side light rays and imaging based on the collected light rays, a front lens group of the first sub-optical system and a front lens group of the second sub-optical system are the same lens group, the ratio of the image height imaged by the first sub-optical system to the focal length and the ratio of the image height imaged by the second sub-optical system to the focal length are in a linear relation. In the invention, the first sub-optical system and the second sub-optical system share the front lens group, and the visual field axes of images formed by the two sub-optical systems are the same; when the focal lengths of the two sub-optical systems are known, the image height relation of the images formed by the two sub-optical systems can be obtained according to the linear relation between the image heights of the two sub-optical systems and the focal length ratio, and the two images can be registered more accurately according to the image height relation of the images formed by the two sub-optical systems. Therefore, the accuracy of registering each obtained image can be improved by using the imaging system. The invention also discloses an endoscope device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of imaging optics, in particular to an imaging system applied to an endoscope. The invention also relates to an endoscopic device.
Background
When using an endoscope to diagnose certain diseases, the acquired white light image needs to be fused with other wave band images so as to improve diagnosis efficiency and accuracy.
Fusing the images requires registering the white light image with the other band images. In the existing endoscope system, two partial images are respectively imaged onto corresponding imaging sensors by two groups of parallel objective lenses. Because the optical axis distance exists between the two groups of objective lenses, certain dislocation can be caused in the far-near view, and especially the near view is more prominent, so that accurate registration is difficult to realize during image fusion.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an imaging system applied to an endoscope, which can improve the accuracy of registering acquired images. The invention also provides an endoscope device.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the imaging system comprises a first sub-optical system and a second sub-optical system, wherein the first sub-optical system and the second sub-optical system are respectively used for collecting light rays of different wave bands of object space light rays and imaging based on the collected light rays, a front lens group of the first sub-optical system and a front lens group of the second sub-optical system are the same lens group, the ratio of the image height to the focal length imaged by the first sub-optical system and the ratio of the image height to the focal length imaged by the second sub-optical system are in a linear relation.
Optionally, the ratio of the image height to the focal length imaged by the first sub-optical system and the ratio of the image height to the focal length imaged by the second sub-optical system are expressed as:
y 1 、y 2 respectively representing the image height imaged by the first sub-optical system and the image height imaged by the second sub-optical system, f 1 、f 2 And k represents a constant coefficient, and represents a focal length of the first sub-optical system and a focal length of the second sub-optical system, respectively.
Alternatively, the process may be carried out in a single-stage,
optionally, the system further comprises a processing device respectively connected with the first sub-optical system and the second sub-optical system, and the processing device is used for:
obtaining the relationship of the image heights imaged by the two sub-optical systems according to the focal length of the first sub-optical system, the focal length of the second sub-optical system and the linear relationship which is satisfied by the ratio of the image height imaged by the first sub-optical system to the focal length and the ratio of the image height imaged by the second sub-optical system to the focal length;
and registering the images imaged by the two sub-optical systems according to the relation of the image heights imaged by the two sub-optical systems.
Optionally, the processing device is configured to register the two sub-optical systems according to the relationship of the image heights imaged by the two sub-optical systems, including: and registering the imaging of the two sub-optical systems according to the relation of the imaging heights of the two sub-optical systems and the resolution or the pixel size of the imaging surfaces of the two sub-optical systems.
Optionally, the imaging system further includes a light splitting element, where the light splitting element splits a first band of light from the object light entering through the front lens group and enters the rear lens group of the first sub-optical system, so that the first sub-optical system images the first band of light, and splits a second band of light from the object light entering through the front lens group and enters the rear lens group of the second sub-optical system, so that the second sub-optical system images the second band of light.
Optionally, the light splitting element splits light of a first band of light transmission and a second band of light reflection in the object light entering through the front lens group, or the light splitting element splits light of a first band of light reflection and a second band of light transmission in the object light entering through the front lens group.
Optionally, the imaging system further includes a reflective element that reflects the second band light split by the light splitting element to make the second band light incident on the rear lens group of the second sub-optical system.
Optionally, the light splitting element includes a first prism, the first prism is provided with an interface transmitting the first band light and reflecting the second band light, the light reflecting element includes a second prism, and the second prism is provided with an interface reflecting the second band light.
Optionally, a third prism is included, where the third prism is provided with a first interface that transmits the first band of light and reflects the second band of light to form the light splitting element, and a second interface that reflects the second band of light to form the light reflecting element.
Optionally, the front lens group of the first sub-optical system and the second sub-optical system has negative optical power, the rear lens group of the first sub-optical system has positive optical power, and the rear lens group of the second sub-optical system has positive optical power.
Optionally, the rear lens group of the first sub-optical system includes a second lens, a third lens and a fourth lens, an object-side surface of the second lens is a plane, an image-side surface of the second lens is a convex surface at a paraxial region, an object-side surface of the third lens is a convex surface at a paraxial region, an image-side surface of the fourth lens is a convex surface at a paraxial region, and the third lens and the fourth lens are glued together.
Optionally, the rear lens group of the second sub-optical system includes a fifth lens, a sixth lens and a seventh lens, an object-side surface of the fifth lens is a plane, an image-side surface of the fifth lens is a convex surface at a paraxial region, an object-side surface of the sixth lens is a convex surface at a paraxial region, an image-side surface of the seventh lens is a concave surface at a paraxial region, and the sixth lens and the seventh lens are glued together.
Optionally, the front lens group of the first sub-optical system and the second sub-optical system includes a first lens, an object side surface of the first lens is a plane, and an image side surface of the first lens is a concave surface at a paraxial region.
An endoscope apparatus comprising the imaging system described above for use in an endoscope.
According to the technical scheme, the imaging system applied to the endoscope is provided, the first sub-optical system and the second sub-optical system are respectively used for collecting light rays of different wave bands of object side light rays and imaging based on the collected light rays, wherein the front lens group of the first sub-optical system and the front lens group of the second sub-optical system are the same lens group, and the ratio of the image height imaged by the first sub-optical system to the focal length and the ratio of the image height imaged by the second sub-optical system to the focal length are in a linear relation.
The invention is applied to the imaging system of the endoscope, wherein the front lens group of the first sub-optical system and the front lens group of the second sub-optical system are the same lens group, namely the front lens group is shared by the front lens group and the front lens group, so that the visual field axes of images formed by the front lens group and the front lens group are the same; the ratio of the image height to the focal length imaged by the first sub-optical system and the ratio of the image height to the focal length imaged by the second sub-optical system are in a linear relationship, so that when the focal length of the two sub-optical systems is known, the image height relationship of the images formed by the two sub-optical systems can be obtained according to the linear relationship which is satisfied by the ratio of the image heights to the focal length, and the two images can be registered more accurately according to the image height relationship of the images formed by the two sub-optical systems. Compared with the prior art, the imaging system can improve the accuracy of registering each obtained image.
The endoscope equipment provided by the invention can achieve the beneficial effects.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art dual modality endoscopic imaging system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an imaging system for an endoscope according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an imaging system for an endoscope according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a third prism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of an imaging system for an endoscope according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional dual-mode endoscope imaging system, two images are imaged onto corresponding imaging sensors by an objective lens 1 and an objective lens 2 which are arranged in parallel, and because the objective lens 1 and the objective lens 2 have an optical axis distance, only parts of the images obtained by the objective lens 1 and the objective lens 2 are identical, and only a part of the images are different, so that precise registration is difficult to realize when the images are fused.
In view of this, the present embodiment provides an imaging system applied to an endoscope, the imaging system includes a first sub-optical system and a second sub-optical system, the first sub-optical system and the second sub-optical system are respectively configured to collect light rays of different wavelength bands of object side light rays and perform imaging based on the collected light rays, wherein a front lens group of the first sub-optical system and a front lens group of the second sub-optical system are the same lens group, a ratio of an image height to a focal length imaged by the first sub-optical system, and a ratio of the image height to the focal length imaged by the second sub-optical system are in a linear relationship.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an imaging system applied to an endoscope according to the present embodiment, and as shown in the drawing, the imaging system includes a first sub-optical system and a second sub-optical system, wherein the first sub-optical system includes a front lens group 10 and a first rear lens group 12, and the second sub-optical system includes a front lens group 10 and a second rear lens group 13.
In the imaging system applied to the endoscope of the embodiment, the front lens group 10 of the first sub-optical system and the front lens group 10 of the second sub-optical system are the same lens group, namely, the two lens groups share the front lens group, so that the view axes of images formed by the two lens groups are the same, and the two sub-optical systems can obtain the images matched in the whole depth of field range; the ratio of the image height to the focal length imaged by the first sub-optical system and the ratio of the image height to the focal length imaged by the second sub-optical system are in a linear relation, so that when the focal length of the two sub-optical systems is known, the image height relation of the images formed by the two sub-optical systems can be obtained according to the linear relation which is satisfied by the ratio of the image heights to the focal length, and the registration of the two images in the whole depth of field range can be accurately realized according to the image height relation of the images formed by the two sub-optical systems. Compared with the prior art, the imaging system can improve the accuracy of registering each obtained image.
The front lens group 10, the first rear lens group 12, and the second rear lens group 13 include, but are not limited to, any one or a combination of any plurality of convex lenses, concave lenses, cemented lenses, spherical lenses, or aspherical lenses. The optical design of each lens group can be carried out according to the actual needs.
Specific optical data of the first sub-optical system and the second sub-optical system are shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1
| First sub-optical system | Second sub-optical system | |
| Half angle of view | θ 1 | θ 2 |
| Focal length | f 1 | f 2 |
| Image height | y 1 | y 2 |
| Wave band | Band 1 | Band 2 |
Wherein the image height y 1 、y 2 The value of (2) is related to the display pixel and pixel size of the imaging surface of the optical system, and the focal length f 1 、f 2 The values of (2) are related to the number of lenses, the lens surface shape, the lens material and the spacing of the lenses included in the optical system, the first sub-optical system and the second sub-optical system can be respectively subjected to optical design, the number of lenses, the lens surface shape, the lens material, the spacing of the lenses, the display pixels of the imaging surface, the pixel size and the like which are respectively contained in the sub-optical systems are arranged, so that the image height y imaged by the first sub-optical system 1 And focal length f 1 And the image height y imaged by the second sub-optical system 2 And focal length f 2 The ratio of (2) satisfies the corresponding linear relationship.
Optionally, the ratio of the image height to the focal length imaged by the first sub-optical system and the ratio of the image height to the focal length imaged by the second sub-optical system are in a direct proportional relationship, which can be expressed as:
wherein y is 1 、y 2 Respectively representing the image height imaged by the first sub-optical system and the image height imaged by the second sub-optical system, f 1 、f 2 And k represents a constant coefficient, and represents a focal length of the first sub-optical system and a focal length of the second sub-optical system, respectively.
The first sub-optical system and the second sub-optical system have the same view field axis, and the image height y imaged by the first sub-optical system 1 And focal length f 1 And the image height y imaged by the second sub-optical system 2 And focal length f 2 The imaging areas of the first and second sub-optical systems may be involved and involved when the ratio of the ratios satisfies the respective linear relationship, for example: the imaging areas of the first sub-optical system and the second sub-optical system are rectangular frames with coincident centers and different sizes, and the imaging area of the second sub-optical system is larger than the imaging area of the first sub-optical system. At this time, the registration of the images may be performed in a smaller imaging area (i.e., the imaging area of the first sub-optical system), and the portion of the imaging area of the second sub-optical system larger than the imaging area of the first sub-optical system may be discarded. Of course, the imaging areas of the first sub-optical system and the second sub-optical system pair may also be completely coincident.
The imaging principle of the optical system is as follows:
wherein θ 1 、θ 2 The half angle of view of the first sub-optical system and the half angle of view of the second sub-optical system are respectively represented. Thus, when->
When tan theta 1 ＝tanθ 2 Further, θ can be obtained 1 ＝θ 2 。
Therefore, in practical application, the first designThe number of lenses, the lens surface shape, the lens materials, the spacing of each lens, the pixel size and the like of the imaging surface are respectively contained in the one sub-optical system and the second sub-optical system, so that the ratio of the image height to the focal length imaged by the two sub-optical systems meets the following conditions:
the angles of view of the two sub-optical systems can be made the same. Under the condition that the view field axes and the view field angles of the two sub-optical systems are the same, the imaging areas of the two sub-optical systems are completely overlapped, and the centers and the boundaries of the formed images are the same, so that the accuracy of image registration can be further improved.
Further, the imaging system applied to an endoscope of the present embodiment further includes a processing device respectively connected to the first sub-optical system and the second sub-optical system, where the processing device is configured to obtain a relationship between the image heights imaged by the two sub-optical systems according to the focal length of the first sub-optical system, the focal length of the second sub-optical system, and a linear relationship satisfied by a ratio of the image height imaged by the first sub-optical system to the focal length and a ratio of the image height imaged by the second sub-optical system to the focal length, and register the images imaged by the two sub-optical systems according to the relationship between the image heights imaged by the two sub-optical systems.
After the first sub-optical system and the second sub-optical system are designed, the focal length of the two sub-optical systems is determined, and the linear relation between the image height imaged by the two sub-optical systems and the focal length is determined, so that the relation between the image heights imaged by the two sub-optical systems can be obtained according to the focal length of the two sub-optical systems and the linear relation between the image height imaged by the two sub-optical systems and the focal length. After the imaging system is used for imaging, the front lens group is shared by the two sub-optical systems, so that the visual field axes of the two images obtained by the two sub-optical systems are the same, and the images obtained by the two sub-optical systems can be registered according to the relation of the imaging heights of the two sub-optical systems.
Optionally, the processing means is configured to register the two sub-optical systems imaged according to a relationship of image heights imaged by the two sub-optical systems, including: and registering the imaging of the two sub-optical systems according to the relation of the imaging heights of the two sub-optical systems and the resolution or the pixel size of the imaging surfaces of the two sub-optical systems.
Optionally, in the imaging system of the present embodiment, the processing device may register the imaging of the two sub-optical systems according to a relationship between the imaging heights of the two sub-optical systems and the resolution of the imaging surfaces of the two sub-optical systems. Because the visual field axes of the images obtained by the two sub-optical systems are the same, the two sub-optical systems can obtain the images which are matched in the whole depth of field range, and the accurate registration can be realized in the whole depth of field range. The imaging image height is related to the display pixel and the pixel size, and by combining the relationship of the imaging image heights of the two sub-optical systems and the resolution of the imaging surfaces of the two sub-optical systems, the two images formed by the two sub-optical systems can be completely matched in the image size, and meanwhile, each pixel can also correspond, for example, a first pixel of a first sub-optical system corresponds to a first pixel of a second sub-optical system, a second pixel of the first sub-optical system corresponds to a second pixel of the second sub-optical system, and when the two sub-optical systems are matched, all corresponding pixels can be respectively registered, so that the registration of the pixel levels of the two images is realized.
Alternatively, the processing device may image the two sub-optical systems in registration according to the relationship of the image heights imaged by the two sub-optical systems and the pixel sizes of the imaging surfaces of the two sub-optical systems. Because the visual field axes of the images obtained by the two sub-optical systems are the same, accurate registration can be realized in the whole depth of field range. The imaging image height is related to the display pixel and the pixel size, and by combining the relationship of the imaging image heights of the two sub-optical systems and the pixel size of the imaging surface of the two sub-optical systems, the two images formed by the two sub-optical systems can be completely matched in the image size, and meanwhile, each pixel can also correspond, for example, a first pixel of the first sub-optical system corresponds to a first pixel of the second sub-optical system, a second pixel of the first sub-optical system corresponds to a second pixel of the second sub-optical system, and when the two sub-optical systems are matched, all corresponding pixels can be respectively registered, so that the registration of the pixel levels of the two images is realized.
The imaging optical system applied to the endoscope of the embodiment comprises the first sub-optical system and the second sub-optical system which share the front lens group, can obtain two wave band images with the same view field axis from a near view to a far view in a panoramic depth range, and can improve the accuracy of registering each obtained image by combining the linear relation that the ratio of the image height to the focal length of the images imaged by the two sub-optical systems is satisfied, thereby being beneficial to image registration and fusion and reducing the volume of the system.
As shown in fig. 2, the imaging system of the present embodiment may further include a light splitting element 11, where the light splitting element 11 splits a first wavelength band light ray of the object light rays entering through the front lens group 10 and makes the first wavelength band light ray enter the rear lens group 12 of the first sub-optical system, so as to image the first wavelength band light ray by the first sub-optical system, and splits a second wavelength band light ray of the object light rays entering through the front lens group 10 and makes the second wavelength band light ray enter the rear lens group 13 of the second sub-optical system, so as to image the second wavelength band light ray by the second sub-optical system. The object side light enters through the front lens group 10, the light splitting element 11 splits the first band light in the entering light to make the light incident on the first rear lens group 12 of the first sub-optical system, and splits the second band light in the entering light to make the light incident on the second rear lens group 13 of the second sub-optical system. The first band light and the second band light are light having a certain wavelength range, respectively, and the wavelength ranges of the first band light and the second band light are different.
As shown with reference to fig. 2, the spectroscopic element 11 is disposed on the optical path between the front lens group 10 and the first rear lens group 12, and on the optical path between the front lens group 10 and the second rear lens group 12.
The separation of the light of the first wavelength band and the light of the second wavelength band entering the light splitting element 11 may specifically be: the light-splitting element 11 splits the first-band light transmitted and the second-band light reflected from the object light entering through the front lens 10, or the light-splitting element 11 splits the first-band light reflected and the second-band light transmitted from the object light entering through the front lens group 10. Referring to fig. 2 for exemplary purposes, in the imaging system shown in fig. 2, the light splitting element 11 transmits the first band of light entering the front lens assembly 10, so that the first band of light is incident on the first rear lens assembly 12, and reflects the second band of light entering the front lens assembly 10, so that the second band of light is incident on the second rear lens assembly 13.
The transmission or reflection effect of light of different wave bands can be achieved by plating an optical medium film on the light-splitting element 11 and utilizing the transmission, refraction, reflection or interference effect of the optical medium film on light of different wave bands.
Further alternatively, the imaging system applied to an endoscope may further include a light reflecting element that reflects the second band light split by the light splitting element to make the second band light incident on the rear lens group of the second sub-optical system. Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic view of an imaging system applied to an endoscope according to still another embodiment, and a reflecting element 14 is disposed on an optical path between a spectroscopic element 11 and a second rear lens group 13. By arranging the reflecting element 14, the first rear lens group 12 and the second rear lens group 13 can be juxtaposed, which is advantageous in making the imaging system compact, reducing the volume, and helping to reduce the volume of the endoscope head end.
Alternatively, the light splitting element may comprise a first prism provided with an interface transmitting light of the first wavelength band and reflecting light of the second wavelength band, and the light reflecting element comprises a second prism provided with an interface reflecting light of the second wavelength band. Referring to fig. 3, the light splitting element 11 includes a first prism 15, the light reflecting element 14 includes a second prism, and the light entering through the front lens assembly 10 is incident on the interface of the first prism 15, wherein the light of the first wavelength band is transmitted through the interface, and the light of the second wavelength band is reflected. The second-band light reflected by the first prism 15 is incident on the second prism 14, and reflected at the interface of the second prism 14 so that the second-band light is incident on the second rear lens group 13. Alternatively, the transmission or reflection of light in different wavelength bands may be achieved by plating an optical dielectric film on the interface of the first prism 15 and an optical dielectric film on the interface of the second prism 14.
Optionally, the imaging system of this embodiment may include a third prism, where the third prism is provided with a first interface that transmits the first band of light and reflects the second band of light to form the light splitting element, and is provided with a second interface that reflects the second band of light to form the light reflecting element. Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a third prism according to the present embodiment, in which incident light enters from the light incident surface 200 of the third prism 16, and passes through the first interface 201, and the light of the first wavelength band is reflected to the second interface 202, and the second interface 202 reflects the light of the second wavelength band.
The prism is adopted to form the light splitting element and the reflecting element, so that the imaging system is compact in structure, and the light energy loss is reduced. It should be noted that the prism structure shown in fig. 3 or fig. 4 is only an alternative embodiment of the present invention, and is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, the light splitting element or the light reflecting element may be formed by using prisms with other structures.
Alternatively, a first diaphragm may be provided between the spectroscopic element 11 and the first rear lens group 12, through which stray light can be blocked and the luminous flux entering the first sub-optical system rear lens group 12 can be adjusted to adjust the brightness of the obtained image. A second stop may be provided between the spectroscopic element 11 and the second rear lens group 13. The brightness of the image obtained by the second sub-optical system can be adjusted by blocking stray light by the second diaphragm and adjusting the light flux entering the second sub-optical system rear lens group 13.
Alternatively, the front lens group of the first sub-optical system has negative power and the rear lens group of the first sub-optical system has positive power, and then the first sub-optical system forms a reverse telephoto type structure. The front lens group 10 of the second sub-optical system has negative power, the rear lens group of the second sub-optical system has positive power, and the second sub-optical system forms a reverse telephoto type structure that facilitates obtaining a large observation field angle.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an imaging system applied to an endoscope according to another embodiment, where the front lens assembly 10 includes a first lens element 101, an object-side surface of the first lens element 101 is a plane, and an image-side surface of the first lens element 101 is a concave surface at a paraxial region.
The first rear lens group 12 includes a second lens element 102, a third lens element 103 and a fourth lens element 104, wherein an object-side surface of the second lens element 102 is a plane, an image-side surface thereof is convex at a paraxial region, an object-side surface of the third lens element 103 is convex at a paraxial region, an image-side surface thereof is convex at a paraxial region, an image-side surface of the fourth lens element 104 is convex at a paraxial region, and the third lens element 103 and the fourth lens element 104 are cemented. A first diaphragm O1 is provided between the third prism 16 and the second lens 102. The front lens group 10, the first stop O1, and the first rear lens group 12 are rotationally symmetrical about the optical axis L1.
The second rear lens group 13 includes a fifth lens element 105, a sixth lens element 106 and a seventh lens element 107, wherein an object-side surface of the fifth lens element 105 is planar, an image-side surface thereof is convex at a paraxial region, an object-side surface of the sixth lens element 106 is convex at a paraxial region, an image-side surface thereof is convex at a paraxial region, an image-side surface of the seventh lens element 107 is concave at a paraxial region, and the sixth lens element 106 and the seventh lens element 107 are cemented. A second diaphragm O2 is provided between the third prism 16 and the fifth lens 105. The front lens group 10, the second stop O2, and the second rear lens group 13 are rotationally symmetrical about the optical axis L2.
The first sub-optical system further comprises a first detector 108 for imaging the outgoing light of the first rear lens group 12, and the second sub-optical system further comprises a second detector 109 for imaging the outgoing light of the second rear lens group. The front faces of the first detector 108 and the second detector 109 face the object field, respectively, the sub-optical system composed of the front lens group 10 and the first rear lens group 12 is imaged to the first detector 108, and the sub-optical system composed of the front lens group 10 and the second rear lens group 13 is imaged to the second detector 109. In addition, each detector can be respectively provided with a cover plate for protecting the detector, and a glass cover plate can be adopted but is not limited to the detector.
For each lens arrangement in the optical system, when the object space is from left to right to the image space, the object side surface of the lens is convex, which means that any point on the object side surface of the lens is a tangential plane, the surface is always on the right of the tangential plane, the curvature radius of the surface is positive, and on the contrary, the object side surface is concave, and the curvature radius of the surface is negative. The convex image side surface of the lens means that any point on the image side surface of the lens is a tangential plane, the surface is always on the left side of the tangential plane, the curvature radius is negative, and the concave image side surface is positive. The above-described determination of the concavity and convexity at the paraxial region of the object side and image side of the lens is still applicable. Further, at the paraxial region means a region near the optical axis.
In the case where the specific surface and the subsequent surface of the optical system constituting each embodiment constitute the coaxial optical system, the surface interval is given, and the other surfaces are given a radius of curvature, a refractive index of the medium, and an abbe number according to a conventional method.
The optical data of the imaging system of the present exemplary embodiment is shown in table 2 below.
TABLE 2
Wherein f 1 Representing the focal length, y, of the first sub-optical system 1 The image height imaged by the first sub-optical system is indicated, and band 1 indicates the optical band imaged by the first sub-optical system. f (f) 2 Representing the focal length, y, of the second sub-optical system 2 Representing the image height imaged by the second sub-optical system, band 2 represents the optical band imaged by the second sub-optical system. The d-line wavelength is 587.56nm, the F-line wavelength is 486.13nm, and the C-line wavelength is 656.27nm.
The structural data of the first sub-optical system of this embodiment is shown in table 3 below, in which plane 0 represents the object plane, and planes 18, 19 and 20 represent the front surface of the cover plate, the rear surface of the cover plate, and the photosensitive surface of the first detector 108, respectively.
TABLE 3 Table 3
| Face number | Radius of curvature | Distance of | Refractive | Abbe number | |
| 0 | Infinity of infinity | 7.000 | |||
| S1 | Infinity of infinity | 0.433 | 1.754 | 45.9 | |
| S2 | 0.9334 | 0.315 | |||
| S3 | Infinity of infinity | 3.633 | 1.816 | 40.9 | |
| S4 | Infinity of infinity | 0.020 | |||
| S5 | Infinity of infinity | 0.020 | |||
| S6 | Infinity of infinity | 0.593 | 1.670 | 47.1 | |
| S7 | -2.7490 | 0.133 | |||
| S8 | 1.4729 | 1.701 | 1.488 | 70.4 | |
| S9 | -0.8739 | 0.430 | 1.755 | 27.6 | |
| S10 | -2.5747 | 1.484 | |||
| 18 | Infinity of infinity | 0.300 | 1.523 | 55.5 | |
| 19 | Infinity of infinity | 0.045 | |||
| 20 | Infinity of infinity | 0.000 |
The structural data of the second sub-optical system of this embodiment is shown in table 4 below, in which plane 0 represents the object plane, and planes 21, 22 and 23 represent the cover front surface, the cover rear surface and the light-sensitive surface of the second detector 109, respectively.
TABLE 4 Table 4
| Face number | Radius of curvature | Distance of | Refractive index | Abbe | Eccentric center | |
| 0 | Infinity of infinity | 7.000 | ||||
| S1 | Infinity of infinity | 0.433 | 1.754 | 45.9 | ||
| S2 | 0.9334 | 0.315 | ||||
| S3 | Infinity of infinity | 0.923 | 1.816 | 40.9 | ||
| S4 | Infinity of infinity | -2.118 | Reflection of | [1] | ||
| S11 | Infinity of infinity | 0.798 | Reflection of | [2] | ||
| S12 | Infinity of infinity | 0.020 | ||||
| O2 | Infinity of infinity | 0.020 | ||||
| S13 | Infinity of infinity | 1.540 | ||||
| S14 | -1.8632 | 0.674 | 1.770 | 47.1 | ||
| S15 | 1.8417 | 0.696 | ||||
| S16 | -1.9400 | 0.285 | 1.288 | 70.4 | ||
| S17 | 9.8823 | 3.219 | 1.755 | 27.6 | ||
| 21 | Infinity of infinity | 0.300 | ||||
| 22 | Infinity of infinity | 0.045 | 1.523 | 55.5 | ||
| 23 | Infinity of infinity | 0.000 |
Wherein the units of the curvature radius and the distance are mm. A radius of curvature of a face being infinite means that the face is planar. The refractive index and abbe number are those of the material with respect to d-line (wavelength 587.56 nm).
Referring to fig. 5, the eccentric system in this embodiment is defined as: the positive direction of the Z axis of the coordinate system of each surface is from left to right, the positive direction of the Y axis is from bottom to top, the positive direction of the X axis is vertical to the paper surface and inwards, the angles of the coordinate system of each surface relative to the rotation around the X axis, the Y axis and the Z axis are respectively alpha, beta and gamma, the clockwise rotation around the axis is positive, and the anticlockwise rotation is negative. For the eccentricities [1] and [2] in Table 4, the following is shown.
Eccentric [1]:
| X | 0 | Y | 0 | |
0 |
| α | 45° | |
0 | |
0 |
eccentric [2]:
| X | 0 | Y | 0 | |
0 |
| α | -45° | |
0 | |
0 |
referring to fig. 5, based on the setting of the eccentric system described above, the Z axis of the first sub-optical system is from left to right, and the coordinate axis of the second sub-optical system is deflected from S4, and the Z axis becomes from bottom to top. The setting mode can facilitate the simplification of coordinate axis data of the second sub-optical system and the comparison of the two sub-optical system data, so that the complexity of the image registration process is reduced, and the image registration efficiency is improved.
The present embodiment also provides an endoscope apparatus including the above-described imaging system applied to an endoscope.
In the imaging system adopted by the endoscope apparatus of the present embodiment, since the front lens group of the first sub-optical system and the front lens group of the second sub-optical system are the same lens group, that is, the front lens group is shared by both, the field axes of the images formed by both are the same; the ratio of the image height to the focal length imaged by the first sub-optical system and the ratio of the image height to the focal length imaged by the second sub-optical system are in a linear relationship, so that when the focal length of the two sub-optical systems is known, the image height relationship of the images formed by the two sub-optical systems can be obtained according to the linear relationship which is satisfied by the ratio of the image heights to the focal length, and the two images can be registered more accurately according to the image height relationship of the images formed by the two sub-optical systems. Compared with the prior art, the imaging system can improve the accuracy of registering each obtained image.
The imaging system and the endoscope apparatus for an endoscope provided by the present invention are described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to facilitate an understanding of the method of the present invention and its core ideas. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations of the invention can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these modifications and adaptations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
Claims (15)
1. The imaging system for the endoscope is characterized by comprising a first sub-optical system and a second sub-optical system, wherein the first sub-optical system and the second sub-optical system are respectively used for collecting light rays of different wave bands of object side light rays and imaging based on the collected light rays, a front lens group of the first sub-optical system and a front lens group of the second sub-optical system are the same lens group, and the ratio of the image height imaged by the first sub-optical system to the focal length and the ratio of the image height imaged by the second sub-optical system to the focal length are in a linear relation.
2. The imaging system for an endoscope according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the image height to the focal length imaged by the first sub-optical system and the ratio of the image height to the focal length imaged by the second sub-optical system are expressed in a linear relationship as:
y 1 、y 2 respectively representing the image height imaged by the first sub-optical system and the image height imaged by the second sub-optical system, f 1 、f 2 And k represents a constant coefficient, and represents a focal length of the first sub-optical system and a focal length of the second sub-optical system, respectively.
3. An imaging system for use with an endoscope as defined in claim 2, wherein,
4. the imaging system for an endoscope according to claim 1, further comprising processing means connected to the first sub-optical system and the second sub-optical system, respectively, the processing means being configured to:
obtaining the relationship of the image heights imaged by the two sub-optical systems according to the focal length of the first sub-optical system, the focal length of the second sub-optical system and the linear relationship which is satisfied by the ratio of the image height imaged by the first sub-optical system to the focal length and the ratio of the image height imaged by the second sub-optical system to the focal length;
and registering the images imaged by the two sub-optical systems according to the relation of the image heights imaged by the two sub-optical systems.
5. The imaging system for an endoscope according to claim 4, wherein the processing means for registering the two sub-optical systems imaged according to their image height relationship comprises:
and registering the imaging of the two sub-optical systems according to the relation of the imaging heights of the two sub-optical systems and the resolution or the pixel size of the imaging surfaces of the two sub-optical systems.
6. The imaging system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a spectroscopic element that splits a first band of light rays from among the object rays entering through the front lens group to enter a rear lens group of the first sub-optical system to image the first band of light rays by the first sub-optical system, and splits a second band of light rays from among the object rays entering through the front lens group to enter a rear lens group of the second sub-optical system to image the second band of light rays by the second sub-optical system.
7. The imaging system according to claim 6, wherein the spectroscopic element splits the first-band light transmission and the second-band light reflection of the object-side light entering through the front lens group, or the spectroscopic element splits the first-band light reflection and the second-band light transmission of the object-side light entering through the front lens group.
8. The imaging system of claim 6, further comprising a reflective element that reflects the second band of light split by the splitting element to cause the second band of light to be incident on a rear lens group of the second sub-optical system.
9. The imaging system of claim 8, wherein the light splitting element comprises a first prism having an interface that transmits light in a first wavelength band and reflects light in a second wavelength band, and wherein the light reflecting element comprises a second prism having an interface that reflects light in the second wavelength band.
10. The imaging system of claim 8, comprising a third prism provided with a first interface that transmits light in a first wavelength band and reflects light in a second wavelength band to form the light splitting element, and a second interface that reflects light in the second wavelength band to form the light reflecting element.
11. The imaging system for an endoscope of any of claims 1-5, wherein the front lens group of the first sub-optical system and the second sub-optical system has negative optical power, the rear lens group of the first sub-optical system has positive optical power, and the rear lens group of the second sub-optical system has positive optical power.
12. The imaging optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the rear lens group of the first sub-optical system includes a second lens, a third lens, and a fourth lens, an object side surface of the second lens is a plane, an image side surface of the second lens is a convex surface at a paraxial region, an object side surface of the third lens is a convex surface at a paraxial region, an image side surface of the fourth lens is a convex surface at a paraxial region, and the third lens and the fourth lens are cemented.
13. The imaging system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the rear lens group of the second sub-optical system includes a fifth lens, a sixth lens, and a seventh lens, an object side surface of the fifth lens is a plane, an image side surface of the fifth lens is a convex surface at a paraxial region, an object side surface of the sixth lens is a convex surface at a paraxial region, an image side surface of the seventh lens is a concave surface at a paraxial region, and the sixth lens and the seventh lens are cemented.
14. The imaging system of any of claims 1-5, wherein the front lens group of the first and second sub-optical systems comprises a first lens having a planar object-side surface and a concave image-side surface at a paraxial region.
15. An endoscope apparatus comprising the imaging system of any one of claims 1-14 applied to an endoscope.
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