CN116046580A - Rock mass cuttability in-situ monitoring device and method based on hole wall sounding - Google Patents
Rock mass cuttability in-situ monitoring device and method based on hole wall sounding Download PDFInfo
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rock mass cuttability in-situ monitoring device based on hole wall sounding, which comprises a conical head, a front airbag cabin, a tube body, a scratch mechanism, a power cabin, a rear airbag cabin, an air charging pipeline and a cable pipeline, wherein a threaded transmission shaft is arranged in the tube body of the device, the linear motion of the scratch mechanism is realized through the threaded transmission, the scratch mechanism realizes the accurate control of the normal force of scratches through a servo electric cylinder, the accurate measurement of the scratch depth is realized through a laser ranging sensor, and in-situ test of rock mass cuttability parameters is realized by recording and outputting scratch test data through a transmission control module. Based on the device, the invention also provides a rock mass cuttability in-situ monitoring method based on hole wall sounding, and the rock mass cuttability in-situ monitoring device based on hole wall sounding is utilized to realize quantitative evaluation and three-dimensional visual characterization of the rock mass cuttability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical rock breaking, in particular to a rock mass cuttability in-situ monitoring device and method based on hole wall sounding.
Background
The traditional drilling and blasting method construction has wide application in the field of underground engineering, but a series of defects caused by the drilling and blasting method construction are increasingly prominent. For example, the drilling and blasting method construction can cause severe disturbance of rock mass, easily induce dynamic disasters of rock mass such as rock blasting and the like, and bring high-concentration dust, thereby being unfavorable for the healthy operation of workers. Compared with the traditional drilling and blasting method, the non-blasting mechanical rock breaking technology based on the mechanical cutter rock breaking has the advantages of small disturbance, high safety, environmental protection and the like, and is an important development direction of excavation and tunneling of the future rock mass engineering.
The rock mass cuttability is a key index for measuring the difficulty of rock mass mechanical cutting, and the in-situ accurate perception of the rock mass cuttability is a basis for optimizing the model number of a development machine, regulating and controlling rock breaking parameters of the development machine and identifying areas difficult to excavate. Under the natural state, various structural surfaces exist in the rock body, so that the rock body has the characteristics of non-continuity, anisotropy and non-uniformity, the temporal and spatial variation of the cuttability of the rock body is large, and the advanced sensing equipment and technology of the cuttability of the rock body are not available at present, so that the real-time fine regulation and control of tunneling parameters (propelling force, torque and the like) of a tunneling machine are difficult to realize. In addition, the hard rock has high strength, high abrasion and poor cutting performance, so that the loss of a tunneling machine tool is large, the tunneling efficiency is low, and the cutting performance of the rock mass is difficult to evaluate in situ, so that the cutting performance of the hard rock presplitting and lifting cannot be accurately implemented, and the large-scale application of the non-explosive mechanical rock breaking is severely restricted. Therefore, the in-situ accurate perception of the cuttability of the rock mass is realized, and the method is a precondition for guaranteeing the mechanized and intelligent tunneling of the rock mass engineering.
Currently, scholars at home and abroad propose various indexes for evaluating the cuttability of rock mass (stone), such as broken rock peak load, peak indentation depth, broken rock specific energy and the like, but the parameters generally need to be sampled on site and obtained through indoor tests, and have the following obvious defects: (1) Sampling and indoor testing often require a great deal of manpower, material resources and time costs; (2) Only a small amount of regional rock information at the sampling position can be provided, and the three-dimensional space change rule of the rock mass cuttability can not be obtained through continuous sampling; (3) The in situ environment of the rock (water, ground stress, temperature, osmotic pressure, etc.) has been destroyed upon sampling, so that the results of the indoor test do not accurately reflect the cuttability of the rock mass in situ. In recent years, with the development of in-situ test technology of mechanical properties of various rock and soil bodies, in-situ evaluation of mechanical parameters such as rock and soil body strength, cohesion, friction angle and the like is realized, and the in-situ perception of rock and soil body cuttability is brought with dawn.
Different from an indoor rock breaking test, the rock scratch test is a nondestructive test, has the characteristics of small applied load, small disturbance and the like, and is more suitable for in-situ monitoring. Therefore, if in-situ scratch parameters of the rock mass can be obtained, the monitoring and evaluation of the cuttability of the rock mass can be further realized by establishing the connection between the scratch parameters and the cuttability, and the series of defects exposed by the traditional parameter evaluation method can be solved. In order to solve the problems, in-situ monitoring and visual characterization of rock mass cuttability are realized, key theoretical support is provided for optimization of a development machine, fine regulation and control of rock breaking parameters and accurate improvement of rock mass cuttability in difficult-to-excavate areas, and further safe and efficient breaking and development of the rock mass are guaranteed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a rock mass cuttability in-situ monitoring device and method based on hole wall sounding, which aim to realize visual characterization of in-situ rock mass cuttability through the rock mass cuttability in-situ monitoring device, guide rock mass engineering on-site construction to accurately grasp the cuttability change of a front rock mass, accurately position a difficult-to-excavate area, realize targeted modification of the rock mass in the difficult-to-excavate area, promote application of a mechanical rock breaking technology and improve mechanical rock breaking efficiency.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a rock mass cuttability normal position monitoring devices based on pore wall feelings, its characterized in that includes conical head, preceding gasbag cabin, body, mar mechanism, power cabin, back gasbag cabin and inflation line and cable pipeline, conical head, preceding gasbag cabin, body, power cabin, back gasbag cabin are connected gradually, the body is hollow shape, and the inside space of body evenly divide into four parts through setting up cross seal baffle, four adjacent slotted holes that are 90 each other have been seted up to corresponding four part space department on the body outer wall, seal baffle and adjacent slotted hole each other are 45 each other, have all installed a screw thread transmission shaft in each part independent space, have still laid a slide wire on the seal baffle in each part independent space, the mar mechanism is provided with four, and respectively through four slotted holes outside the pipe to do rectilinear motion respectively along the pipe, the cross seal baffle center runs through along the inflation line on the body central line.
Further, the front airbag cabin consists of a front inflation chamber and a front annular airbag, the rear airbag cabin consists of a rear inflation chamber and a rear annular airbag, the annular airbag is arranged outside the inflation chamber, and an air injection hole is formed between the annular airbag and the inflation chamber.
Further, the scratch mechanism comprises a sector driver, a servo electric cylinder, a sensing adapting member and a cutting head, wherein the servo electric cylinder, the sensing adapting member and the cutting head are arranged on the sector driver, the cross section shape of the sector driver is matched with the cross section shape of each independent space inside a pipe body, a threaded hole which is matched with a threaded transmission shaft is formed in the center of the sector driver, one end of the threaded transmission shaft penetrates through the sector driver and then is connected with a micro motor in a power cabin, the other end of the threaded transmission shaft is movably connected with a wall plate of a front air bag cabin plenum chamber, a through hole for a trolley wire to pass through is further formed in the sector driver, and electric energy generated by the trolley wire can be transmitted to the servo electric cylinder through a transmission line inside the sector driver, and the servo electric cylinder is connected with the center of the radial surface of the sector driver.
Further, the sensing adaptation component comprises component cabin, cutting head adapter, wall screw thread is all offered at both ends about the component cabin, built-in transmission control module, power module, laser rangefinder sensor, each part separates through the baffle, wire guide has all been offered in the middle of the baffle, interconnection is realized through the wire guide between transmission control module, power module, the laser rangefinder sensor, has offered the laser hole at sensing adaptation component surface, laser rangefinder sensor ray end is aimed at servo cylinder upper surface through the laser hole, wall screw thread is also offered at cutting head adapter upper and lower both ends, and upper portion is the cylindrical recess that the inside has the screw thread, and the recess can with different cutting head looks adaptations, lower part and component cabin upper end threaded connection, the screw hole is opened at the lead screw tip to the servo cylinder, and component cabin lower extreme and lead screw tip threaded connection.
Further, one end of the inflation pipeline is communicated with the inflation chamber of the front air bag cabin, the other end of the inflation pipeline is communicated with the outside through the centers of the inflation chambers of the power cabin and the rear air bag cabin to serve as an inflation interface, and a branch pipeline connected with the inflation pipeline is arranged in the inflation chamber of the rear air bag cabin.
Further, a hole through which four threaded transmission shafts and sliding wires pass is formed in a bulkhead on one side, connected with the pipe body, of the power cabin, after the threaded transmission shafts and the sliding wires pass through the hole, four micro motors are correspondingly arranged in the power cabin respectively at the ends of the threaded transmission shafts, a cable pipeline extends from the power cabin to the outside of the device along the central line of the pipe body after passing through a plenum chamber of the rear airbag cabin, wires for supplying alternating current to the motors and the sliding wires are arranged in the cable pipeline, and a section of pipeline of the inflation pipeline in the power cabin and the rear inflation chamber is arranged in the cable pipeline.
Further, the rock mass cuttability in-situ monitoring device can realize leveling and positioning in a drilling hole through front and rear annular air bags during operation, and smoothness and stability of the scratch process of the device are ensured. The device realizes the linear motion of scratch mechanism through screw drive, and the scratch mechanism realizes the accurate control to scratch normal force through servo electric jar, realizes the accurate measurement to the scratch degree of depth through laser rangefinder sensor to utilize transmission control module record, output scratch test data, realize the normal position test to rock mass cuttability parameter.
Further, when measuring and fixing the scratch depth, the cutting head touches the hole wall rock mass, the force sensor in the servo electric cylinder starts to generate data, and the laser ranging sensor starts to record the expansion and contraction amount of the screw rod of the servo electric cylinder, wherein the expansion and contraction amount is the scratch depth.
The invention also provides a rock mass cuttability in-situ monitoring method based on hole wall sounding, which adopts the rock mass cuttability in-situ monitoring device and comprises the following steps:
1) Drilling holes on a rock mass to be tested, arranging a hole array, cleaning residual rock fragments in the holes in advance, and ensuring the cleanliness of the hole walls so as to avoid the influence of the rock fragments on a test result;
2) Selecting a corresponding cutting head according to the mechanical rock breaking characteristics to complete the assembly and replacement of the rock mass cuttability in-situ monitoring device;
3) Pushing the rock mass cuttability in-situ monitoring device into the hole, and inflating the front and rear air bags through the inflation pipeline and the inflation chamber until the air bags abut against the hole wall;
4) Electrifying the device, setting a device sensing mode, and carrying out scratch penetration test on the hole wall through a scratch mechanism;
5) And obtaining in-situ scratch data of the rock mass, and sending the in-situ scratch data to a data processing platform for drawing a rock mass cuttability cloud picture.
Further, the device cutting head is selected according to the rock breaking characteristics of the construction machine: for point contact rock breaking represented by pickaxe teeth, a pick cutting head is preferred; for line-contact rock breaking represented by a high-frequency breaking hammer, a bucket tooth cutting head is preferred; for rolling rock breaking typified by TMB, a disc cutter cutting head is preferable.
Further, there are two modes of rock mass cuttability in situ monitoring device perception: 1) Setting the scratch depth unchanged, and monitoring the change of the normal force of the scratch in the scratch sounding process of the hole wall; 2) Setting the normal force of the scratch unchanged, and monitoring the change of the scratch depth in the pore wall scratch sounding process.
Further, the rock mass hole arrays are arranged in a staggered mode, and the four-way scratch mechanism keeps an angle of 45 degrees with a horizontal line in the working process of the rock mass cuttability in-situ monitoring device in the holes.
Advantageous effects
The rock mass cuttability in-situ monitoring device and method provided by the invention have the main outstanding advantages that:
(1) The scheme provided by the invention realizes the cutting performance monitoring of the rock mass space in front under the construction in-situ condition, solves the problems that the rock mass cutting performance parameter is obtained through an indoor test and is not in situ, the rock characteristics of the whole space are difficult to feed back by a small sample, the timeliness is poor, the sample quality requirement is high, the cost is high and the like, and can more conveniently and accurately guide the practice of the field mechanical rock breaking technology;
(2) According to different construction scenes, a proper cutting head and a sensing mode can be selected according to the characteristics of the on-site rock breaking machine or the rock breaking carrier, so that the pertinence representation of the rock mass cuttability in the specific construction scene is realized;
(3) The cuttability characterization of the large-scale rock mass can be realized by arranging the hole array, and the design of the four-way scratch mechanism of the rock mass cuttability in-situ monitoring device is more beneficial to realizing the cuttability perception of the multi-angle rock mass at the same position, thereby being beneficial to drawing the accurate rock mass cuttability characterization cloud picture.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the appearance of an in-situ monitoring device for rock mass cuttability according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the internal core structure of a rock mass cuttability in-situ monitoring device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view showing the internal core structure of the in situ monitoring device for rock mass cuttability according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an in situ monitoring device for rock mass cuttability according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a sensor adapting member of the rock mass cuttability in-situ monitoring device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a cutting head of an apparatus for in situ monitoring of rock mass cuttability according to example 2 of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional application scenario of a device for in-situ monitoring of rock mass cuttability according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a cuttability cloud mapping of the in situ monitoring method for rock mass cuttability according to example 2 of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a three-dimensional application scenario of the rock mass cuttability in-situ monitoring device according to embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention, and a rock mass cuttability characterization cloud image obtained by the rock mass cuttability in-situ monitoring method.
The marks and corresponding names in the drawings are as follows:
1. a conical head; 2. a front plenum; 3. a front annular air bag; 4. a tube body; 41. a slot hole; 5. a threaded drive shaft; 6. a servo electric cylinder; 7. a sensing adaptation member; 71. a component compartment; 711. a transmission control module; 712. a power module; 713. a laser ranging sensor; 72. a cutting head adapter; 8. a cutting head; 81. pick-type cutting pick cutting head; 82. bucket tooth cutting heads; 83. a disc cutter cutting head; 9. a power cabin; 10. a rear plenum; 11. a rear annular air bag; 12. a cable line; 13. an inflation line; 14. a cross-shaped sealing plate; 15. a trolley line; 16. a sector drive; 17. a miniature motor; 18. a rock mass; 181. the area which is extremely difficult to excavate; 182. a difficult-to-excavate area; 183. an easy-to-excavate area; 19. drilling holes; 20. rock mass cuttability in-situ monitoring device; 21. a threshold point; 22. a cuttability partition; A. a scoring mechanism.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
In this case, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention by unnecessary details, only the structures and processing steps closely related to the aspects of the present invention are shown in the drawings, and other details not greatly related to the present invention are omitted.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a rock mass cuttability in-situ monitoring device based on hole wall sounding, which comprises a conical head 1, a front airbag chamber, a tube body 4, a scoring mechanism, a power chamber 9, a rear airbag chamber, an inflation pipeline 13 and a cable pipeline 12, wherein the conical head 1, the front airbag chamber, the tube body 4, the power chamber 9 and the rear airbag chamber are sequentially connected, the tube body 4 is in a hollow shape, the interior space of the tube body 4 is uniformly divided into four parts by arranging a cross sealing plate 14, four slots 41 which are adjacent to each other and are 90 degrees are formed in the corresponding four-part space on the outer wall of the tube body 4, a threaded transmission shaft 5 is respectively arranged in each part of the sealing plate and adjacent slots, a sliding contact line 15 is also paved on the sealing plate 14 in each part of the independent space, the scoring mechanism is provided with four sliding contact lines respectively extending out of the tube body through the four slots 41 and respectively making linear movement along the slots 41, and the center line of the cross sealing plate 14 penetrates an inflation pipeline 13.
Further, the front airbag compartment consists of a front inflation chamber 2 and a front annular airbag 3, the rear airbag compartment consists of a rear inflation chamber 10 and a rear annular airbag 11, the annular airbag is arranged outside the inflation chamber, and an air injection hole is formed between the annular airbag and the inflation chamber.
Further, the scratch mechanism is composed of a sector driver 16, a servo electric cylinder 6, a sensing adapting member 7 and a cutting head 8, wherein the servo electric cylinder 6, the sensing adapting member 7 and the cutting head 8 are arranged on the sector driver 16, the cross section shape of the sector driver 16 is matched with the cross section shape of each independent space inside a pipe body, a threaded hole matched with a threaded transmission shaft 5 is formed in the center of the sector driver 16, one end of the threaded transmission shaft 5 penetrates through the sector driver 16 and then is connected with a micro motor 17 in a power cabin, the other end of the threaded transmission shaft is movably connected with a wall plate of a front airbag cabin plenum chamber, a through hole for a trolley wire 15 to pass through is further formed in the sector driver 16, electric energy generated by the trolley wire 15 can be transmitted to the servo electric cylinder 6 through a transmission line inside the sector driver 16, and the servo electric cylinder 6 is connected to the center of the radial surface of the sector driver 16.
The threaded drive shaft 5 is movably connected to, but does not pass through, the wall of the front air chamber inflation chamber to avoid air leakage from the front air chamber. In this embodiment, an outward groove matched with the threaded transmission shaft 5 is formed on one side of the wall plate of the front air bag chamber close to the inside of the pipe body 4, so that the end part of the threaded transmission shaft 5 is placed in the groove, and movable connection is achieved. Of course, not limited to this way, other ways of achieving the movable connection are also within the scope of the present solution.
The sensing adapting member 7 is composed of an element cabin 71 and a cutting head adapter 72, the upper end and the lower end of the element cabin 71 are respectively provided with wall threads, a transmission control module 711, a power module 712 and a laser ranging sensor 713 are arranged in the element cabin, the parts are separated by a partition, wire guide holes are respectively formed in the middle of the partition, the transmission control module 711, the power module 712 and the laser ranging sensor 713 are interconnected by the wire guide holes, laser holes are formed in the surface of the sensing adapting member 7, the ray ends of the laser ranging sensor 713 are aligned with the upper surface of a servo electric cylinder 6 through the laser holes, the upper end and the lower end of the cutting head adapter 72 are respectively provided with wall threads, the upper part of the cutting head adapter is provided with a cylindrical groove with threads, the groove can be matched with different cutting heads 8, the lower part of the groove is in threaded connection with the upper end of the element cabin 71, the servo electric cylinder 6 is provided with a threaded hole at the end of a screw rod, and the lower end of the element cabin 71 is in threaded connection with the screw rod end.
Further, one end of the inflation pipeline 13 is communicated with the inflation chamber of the front airbag module, the other end of the inflation pipeline is communicated with the outside through the centers of the inflation chambers of the power module 9 and the rear airbag module to serve as an inflation interface, and a branch pipeline connected with the inflation pipeline 13 is arranged in the inflation chamber of the rear airbag module.
Further, a hole through which the four threaded transmission shafts 5 and the sliding wires 15 pass is formed in a bulkhead on one side, connected with the pipe body 4, of the power cabin 9, after the threaded transmission shafts 5 and the sliding wires 15 pass through the hole, four micro motors 17 are correspondingly arranged at the end parts of the threaded transmission shafts 5 in the power cabin 9 respectively, a cable pipeline 12 extends from the inside of the power cabin along the central line of the pipe body 4 to the outside of the device after passing through a plenum chamber of the rear airbag cabin, wires for supplying alternating current to the micro motors 17 and the sliding wires 15 are arranged in the cable pipeline 12, and a section of pipeline of the inflation pipeline 13 in the power cabin and the rear plenum chamber 10 is arranged in the cable pipeline 12.
Specifically, the rock mass cuttability normal position monitoring devices can realize leveling and positioning in the drilling holes through the front annular air bags 3 and the rear annular air bags 11 in operation, and the smoothness and stability of the scratch process of the devices are ensured. The device realizes the linear motion of scratch mechanism A through screw drive, and scratch mechanism A realizes the accurate control to scratch normal force through servo electric jar 6, realizes the accurate measurement to the scratch degree of depth through laser rangefinder sensor 713 to utilize transmission control module 711 record, output scratch test data, realize the normal position test to rock mass cuttability parameter.
When the scratch depth is measured and fixed, the cutting head 8 touches the hole wall rock mass 18, the force sensor in the servo electric cylinder 6 starts to generate data, and the laser ranging sensor 713 starts to record the expansion and contraction amount of the screw rod of the servo electric cylinder 6, namely the scratch depth.
Example two
The embodiment 2 of the invention provides a rock mass cuttability in-situ monitoring method based on hole wall sounding, which is realized by adopting the rock mass cuttability in-situ monitoring device in the embodiment 1 as shown in fig. 6 to 9, and comprises the following steps:
1) Drilling holes on the rock mass 18 to be tested, arranging a hole array, cleaning residual rock fragments in the holes in advance, and ensuring the neatness of the hole walls so as to avoid the influence of the rock fragments on the test result;
2) Selecting a corresponding cutting head 8 according to the mechanical rock breaking characteristics to complete the assembly and replacement of the rock mass cuttability in-situ monitoring device 20;
3) Pushing the rock mass cuttability in-situ monitoring device 20 into the hole 19, and inflating the front and rear airbags 3 and 11 through the inflation pipeline 13 and the front and rear inflation chambers 2 and 10 until the front and rear airbags 3 and 11 abut against the hole wall;
4) Electrifying the device, setting a device sensing mode, and carrying out scratch penetration test on the hole wall through a scratch mechanism A;
5) Obtaining in-situ scratch data of the rock mass 18, and sending the in-situ scratch data to a data processing platform for drawing a rock mass cuttability cloud picture;
further, the device cutting head 8 is selected according to the rock breaking characteristics of the construction machine: for point contact rock breaking typified by pick teeth, pick cutting head 81 is preferred; for line-contact rock breaking typified by a high-frequency breaking hammer, a bucket tooth cutting head 82 is preferable; for rolling rock breaking typified by TMB, the disc cutter cutting head 83 is preferable.
Further, there are two modes of perception of the rock mass cuttability in situ monitoring device 20: 1) Setting the scratch depth unchanged, and monitoring the change of the normal force of the scratch in the scratch sounding process of the hole wall; 2) Setting the normal force of the scratch unchanged, and monitoring the change of the scratch depth in the pore wall scratch sounding process.
As shown in fig. 8, the rock mass hole arrays are staggered, and the four-way scratching mechanism a keeps an angle of 45 degrees with the horizontal line during the operation of the rock mass cuttability in-situ monitoring device 20 in the hole 19.
Further, the method for drawing the rock mass cuttability cloud picture comprises the following steps: taking the drawing of a two-dimensional planar cloud image as an example (a three-dimensional cloud image can be obtained by superimposing a two-dimensional cloud image along the drilling direction). After scratch penetration test data are obtained, four scratch points are marked at corresponding scratch positions of each drilling hole 19 on a rock mass hole array layout plane diagram (four-way scratch mechanisms are arranged in the application, so that four-way scratch data are obtained), the scratch points are taken as endpoints, diagonal lines of all drilling holes 19 on the hole array layout plane diagram are connected (wherein, four diagonal lines are arranged in drilling holes positioned in the inner area of the hole array layout plane diagram, two diagonal lines are arranged in drilling holes positioned on four sides of the hole array layout plane diagram, and the directions of the diagonal lines are consistent with those of the four-way scratch mechanisms), after connection is completed, test data of scratch points at two ends of the diagonal lines between the two drilling holes are taken as interval values (four-way scratch data are arranged in the drilling holes, and the intra-hole scratch data in the corresponding directions are selected according to the directions of the diagonal lines), and whether the cutting-difficult-cutting rock mass cuttability partition threshold value falls in the interval is judged. If so, indicating that a threshold point 21 exists on the diagonal, and finding the threshold point 21 on the diagonal according to the principle that the length of the diagonal is equal to the interval difference (interval length); if not, the rock mass cuttability of the area is single. The rock mass cuttability partition threshold values of easy cutting, difficult cutting and difficult cutting can be obtained through indoor rock scratch test or engineering practice after the device is applied to the field. And connecting the nearest and same threshold points 21 to construct a rock mass cuttability partition 22, and marking each region by different colors to obtain a rock mass cuttability cloud picture.
As shown in fig. 9, the rock mass cuttability cloud image is further obtained by the data measured by the rock mass cuttability in-situ monitoring device 20, and the distribution of the area 181 which is extremely difficult to excavate, the area 182 which is difficult to excavate and the area 183 which is easy to excavate are shown in the figure. In addition, the color depth calibration of the corresponding cloud image can be performed according to the data value change in the same characterization interval, so that the more visual and detailed three-dimensional rock mass cuttability characterization cloud image can be obtained. According to the distribution and change conditions of the cuttability of the rock mass in the three-dimensional space fed back by the cloud picture, a scientific and proper rock mass modification method is selected for different areas, and mechanical rock breaking is realized.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, but not for limiting, and all equivalent structures or equivalent transformations made by the descriptions and the drawings of the present invention or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a rock mass cuttability normal position monitoring devices based on pore wall feelings, its characterized in that includes conical head, preceding gasbag cabin, body, mar mechanism, power cabin, back gasbag cabin and inflation line and cable pipeline, conical head, preceding gasbag cabin, body, power cabin, back gasbag cabin are connected gradually, the body is hollow shape, and the inside space of body evenly divide into four parts through setting up cross seal baffle, four adjacent slotted holes that are 90 each other have been seted up to corresponding four part space department on the body outer wall, seal baffle and adjacent slotted hole each other are 45 each other, have all installed a screw thread transmission shaft in each part independent space, have still laid a slide wire on the seal baffle in each part independent space, the mar mechanism is provided with four, and respectively through four slotted holes outside the pipe to do rectilinear motion respectively along the pipe, the cross seal baffle center runs through along the inflation line on the body central line.
2. The rock mass cuttability in-situ monitoring device based on hole wall sounding according to claim 1, wherein the front airbag chamber consists of a front inflation chamber and a front annular airbag, the rear airbag chamber consists of a rear inflation chamber and a rear annular airbag, the annular airbag is arranged outside the inflation chamber, and a gas injection hole is formed between the annular airbag and the inflation chamber.
3. The rock mass cuttability in-situ monitoring device based on hole wall sounding according to claim 2, wherein the scratching mechanism consists of a sector driver, a servo electric cylinder, a sensing adapting member and a cutting head, wherein the servo electric cylinder, the sensing adapting member and the cutting head are arranged on the sector driver, the section shape of the sector driver is matched with the section shape of each independent space in the pipe body, a threaded hole matched with a threaded transmission shaft is formed in the center of the sector driver, one end of the threaded transmission shaft penetrates through the sector driver and then is connected with a micro motor in a power cabin, the other end of the threaded transmission shaft is movably connected with a wall plate of a front air bag cabin plenum chamber, a through hole for a trolley wire to pass through is further formed in the sector driver, and electric energy generated by the trolley wire can be transmitted to the servo electric cylinder through a transmission line in the sector driver, and the servo electric cylinder is connected with the center of the radial surface of the sector driver.
4. The rock mass cuttability in-situ monitoring device based on hole wall sounding according to claim 3, wherein the sensing adapting member is composed of an element cabin and a cutting head adapter, wall threads are formed at the upper end and the lower end of the element cabin, a transmission control module, a power module and a laser ranging sensor are arranged in the element cabin, the transmission control module, the power module and the laser ranging sensor are separated by a partition plate, a wire guide is formed in the middle of the partition plate, interconnection is realized among the transmission control module, the power module and the laser ranging sensor through the wire guide, a laser hole is formed in the surface of the sensing adapting member, a ray end of the laser ranging sensor is aligned to the upper surface of a servo electric cylinder through the laser hole, wall threads are formed at the upper end and the lower end of the cutting head adapter, cylindrical grooves with threads are formed in the upper portion, the grooves can be matched with different cutting heads, the lower portion is connected with the upper end of the element cabin through threads, a threaded hole is formed at the end of a screw rod, and the lower end of the element cabin is connected with the screw rod through threads.
5. The rock mass cuttability in-situ monitoring device based on hole wall sounding according to claim 1, wherein one end of the inflation pipeline is communicated with a plenum chamber of the front air bag cabin, one end of the inflation pipeline is communicated with the outside through the centers of the plenum chambers of the power cabin and the rear air bag cabin to serve as an inflation interface, and a branch pipeline connected with the inflation pipeline is arranged in the inflation chamber of the rear air bag cabin.
6. The rock mass cuttability in-situ monitoring device based on hole wall sounding according to claim 3, wherein a hole through which four threaded transmission shafts and sliding wires pass is formed in a bulkhead on one side, connected with the pipe body, of the power cabin, after the threaded transmission shafts and the sliding wires pass through the hole, four micro motors are correspondingly arranged in the power cabin at the end parts of the threaded transmission shafts respectively, a cable pipeline extends from the power cabin to the outside of the device along the central line of the pipe body after passing through a plenum chamber of the rear airbag cabin, wires for supplying alternating current to the motors and the sliding wires are arranged in the cable pipeline, and a section of pipeline of the inflation pipeline in the power cabin and the rear inflation chamber is arranged in the cable pipeline.
7. A rock mass cuttability in-situ monitoring method based on hole wall sounding, which is realized by adopting the rock mass cuttability in-situ monitoring device based on hole wall sounding according to any one of claims 1-6, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Drilling holes on a rock mass to be tested, arranging a hole array, cleaning residual rock fragments in the holes in advance, and ensuring the cleanliness of the hole walls so as to avoid the influence of the rock fragments on a test result;
2) Selecting a corresponding cutting head according to the mechanical rock breaking characteristics to complete the assembly and replacement of the rock mass cuttability in-situ monitoring device;
3) Pushing the rock mass cuttability in-situ monitoring device into the hole, and inflating the front and rear air bags through the inflation pipeline and the inflation chamber until the air bags abut against the hole wall;
4) Electrifying the device, setting a device sensing mode, and carrying out scratch penetration test on the hole wall through a scratch mechanism;
5) And obtaining in-situ scratch data of the rock mass, and sending the in-situ scratch data to a data processing platform for drawing a rock mass cuttability cloud picture.
8. The method for in-situ monitoring of rock mass cuttability based on hole wall sounding according to claim 7, wherein the device cutting head is selected according to the mechanical rock breaking characteristics: for point contact rock breaking represented by pickaxe teeth, a pick cutting head is preferred; for line-contact rock breaking represented by a high-frequency breaking hammer, a bucket tooth cutting head is preferred; for rolling rock breaking typified by TMB, a disc cutter cutting head is preferable.
9. The in-situ monitoring method for rock mass cuttability based on hole wall sounding according to claim 7, wherein the rock mass cuttability in-situ monitoring device has two sensing modes: 1) The scratch depth is set unchanged, and the change of the normal force of scratches in the pore wall scratch sounding process is monitored. 2) Setting the normal force of the scratch unchanged, and monitoring the change of the scratch depth in the pore wall scratch sounding process.
10. The in-situ monitoring method for rock mass cuttability based on hole wall sounding according to claim 7, wherein the rock mass hole arrays are arranged in a staggered mode, and the four-way scratch mechanism keeps an angle of 45 degrees with a horizontal line in the working process of the rock mass cuttability in-situ monitoring device in the hole.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117007434A (en) * | 2023-10-07 | 2023-11-07 | 四川省华地建设工程有限责任公司 | Pre-drilling type deep rock mechanical deformation tester and parameter calculation method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117007434A (en) * | 2023-10-07 | 2023-11-07 | 四川省华地建设工程有限责任公司 | Pre-drilling type deep rock mechanical deformation tester and parameter calculation method |
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