CN116036826A - Carbon dioxide capturing system and method - Google Patents
Carbon dioxide capturing system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116036826A CN116036826A CN202310345460.7A CN202310345460A CN116036826A CN 116036826 A CN116036826 A CN 116036826A CN 202310345460 A CN202310345460 A CN 202310345460A CN 116036826 A CN116036826 A CN 116036826A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of carbon dioxide trapping, in particular to a carbon dioxide trapping system and a carbon dioxide trapping method. The system is connected between the wet dust collector and the chimney, and a desulfurizing device is connected to the upstream of the wet dust collector, and the system comprises: a pretreatment unit for pretreating the industrial flue gas discharged by the wet dust collector, wherein the pretreatment at least comprises the steps of further dust removal and desulfurization of the industrial flue gas; the carbon capture unit is connected with the pretreatment unit and is used for capturing carbon dioxide in the pretreated industrial flue gas to obtain decarburized flue gas and carbon dioxide product gas, and a main flue for refluxing the decarburized flue gas to the position between the wet dust collector and the chimney. The scheme provided by the invention can send the obtained decarburized flue gas back to the main flue between the wet dust collector and the chimney so as to be discharged through the original chimney.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of carbon dioxide trapping, in particular to a carbon dioxide trapping system and a carbon dioxide trapping method.
Background
The global warming problem is caused by a large amount of carbon dioxide discharged in the industrial and energy production processes, and the carbon dioxide trapping technology can rapidly reduce the carbon dioxide discharge of the concentrated discharge sources in the industrial production processes, and is one of the key technologies for global low-carbon development.
At present, most of carbon dioxide trapping technologies in the existing industrial field trap or separate carbon dioxide from flue gas, and inherit the original system to a high degree, and the technologies are relatively mature. However, little attention has been paid to the way in which decarbonized flue gas is utilized and discharged.
Therefore, there is a need to provide a carbon dioxide capturing system and method for solving the above-mentioned problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a carbon dioxide capturing system and a method, which can send the obtained decarbonized flue gas back to a main flue between a wet dust collector and a chimney so as to be discharged through the original chimney.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a carbon dioxide capture system connected between a wet scrubber and a chimney, wherein a desulfurization device is connected to an upstream of the wet scrubber, the system comprising:
a pretreatment unit for pretreating the industrial flue gas discharged by the wet dust collector, wherein the pretreatment at least comprises the steps of further dust removal and desulfurization of the industrial flue gas;
the carbon capture unit is connected with the pretreatment unit and is used for capturing carbon dioxide in the pretreated industrial flue gas to obtain decarburized flue gas and carbon dioxide product gas, and a main flue for refluxing the decarburized flue gas to the position between the wet dust collector and the chimney.
In a second aspect, the embodiment of the invention also provides a carbon dioxide capturing method, which is applied to a carbon dioxide capturing system, wherein the carbon dioxide capturing system is connected between a wet dust collector and a chimney, a desulfurization device is connected to the upstream of the wet dust collector, and the carbon dioxide capturing system comprises a pretreatment unit and a carbon capturing unit;
the method comprises the following steps:
the pretreatment unit is used for carrying out pretreatment on the industrial flue gas discharged by the wet dust collector, and the pretreatment at least comprises the steps of further dust removal and desulfurization on the industrial flue gas;
and capturing carbon dioxide in the pretreated industrial flue gas by utilizing the carbon capturing unit to obtain decarburized flue gas and carbon dioxide product gas, and refluxing the decarburized flue gas to a main flue between the wet dust collector and the chimney.
The embodiment of the invention provides a carbon dioxide capturing system and a method, which can firstly ensure that the carbon dioxide capturing system does not affect the operation stability and safety of an original power plant unit when in operation, and secondly ensure that decarburization flue gas generated by a carbon dioxide capturing unit can be sent to a proper position for utilization or discharge by arranging the carbon dioxide capturing system between a wet dust collector and a chimney, for example, the obtained decarburization flue gas can be returned to a main flue between the wet dust collector and the chimney for discharge through the original chimney, the existing facilities are utilized for discharging the decarburization flue gas, new equipment is not required to be added, the cost is saved, and the environmental benefit can be further improved through high chimney discharge.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a carbon dioxide capture system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a carbon dioxide capturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
10-a desulfurization device;
20-a wet dust collector;
30-chimney;
1-a pretreatment unit;
11-a fan;
111-a first electrically powered flapper door;
112-a second electrically powered flapper door;
12-a deep purification tower;
a 2-carbon capture unit;
21-a chemical absorption device;
211-a third electrically powered flapper door;
212-fourth motorized barrier door;
22-membrane separation device;
221-bypass flue;
222-a fifth electrically powered flapper door;
23-sixth electrically powered flapper door.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention, and all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making any inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a carbon dioxide capturing system connected between a wet scrubber 20 and a stack 30, a desulfurization apparatus 10 being connected upstream of the wet scrubber 20, the system comprising:
a pretreatment unit 1 for pretreating the industrial flue gas discharged from the wet dust collector 20, the pretreatment at least comprising further dust removal and desulfurization of the industrial flue gas;
the carbon capture unit 2 is connected with the pretreatment unit 1, and the carbon capture unit 2 is used for capturing carbon dioxide in the pretreated industrial flue gas to obtain decarburized flue gas and carbon dioxide product gas, and is used for refluxing the decarburized flue gas to the main flue between the wet dust collector 20 and the chimney 30.
In this embodiment, firstly, it can be ensured that the carbon dioxide capturing system does not affect the operation stability and safety of the original power plant unit during operation, and secondly, by arranging the carbon dioxide capturing system between the wet dust collector 20 and the chimney 30, the decarbonized flue gas generated by the carbon dioxide capturing unit 2 can be sent to a proper position for use or discharge, for example, the obtained decarbonized flue gas can be returned to the main flue between the wet dust collector 20 and the chimney 30 for discharge through the original chimney 30, the existing facilities are utilized for discharging the decarbonized flue gas, no new equipment is required to be added, the cost is saved, the decarbonized flue gas is discharged through the chimney 30, and the environmental benefit can be further improved.
In some embodiments, the industrial flue gas may be flue gas generated by emission sources of coal-fired units, gas-fired units, steel plants, cement kilns, and the like, and the embodiments of the present invention are not particularly limited herein.
In one embodiment of the invention, the pretreatment unit 1 comprises a fan 11 and a deep purification tower 12 which are sequentially connected along the flue gas flow direction, wherein the fan 11 is used for adjusting the flow of industrial flue gas so as to realize the adjustment of the flue gas, and the deep purification tower 12 is used for further dedusting and desulfurizing the industrial flue gas;
the system further comprises a control device (not shown in the figure), wherein the first electric baffle door 111 and the second electric baffle door 112 are respectively arranged on the flue at the front and the rear of the fan 11, and the control device is respectively and electrically connected with the first electric baffle door 111 and the second electric baffle door 112;
in response to the fan 11 starting to operate, the control device controls the first electric flapper door 111 to open;
in response to the end of the operation of the blower 11, the control device controls the first and second motorized barrier doors 111 and 112 to close at a first preset time after the end of the blower 11.
In the embodiment, the fan 11 is arranged in the pretreatment unit 1, so that the flue gas flow of the subsequent carbon capture unit 2 can be regulated; by setting the control device, various parameters (such as the opening and closing conditions of the electric baffle door) in the process can be monitored and automatically adjusted. In order to ensure the safety of the carbon dioxide capturing system after the fan 11 finishes running, for example, the pressure is not suppressed, the control device may control the first electric baffle door 111 and the second electric baffle door 112 to be closed at a first preset time after the fan 11 finishes running.
In some embodiments, the first preset time may be, for example, 2s, 3s, and 4s, where the embodiment of the present invention is not specifically limited.
In addition, the relevant principles and structures of the deep purification column 12 are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
In one embodiment of the invention, the carbon capture unit 2 comprises a chemical absorption device 21 and a membrane separation device 22, the chemical absorption device 21 and the membrane separation device 22 being connected to a main flue between the wet scrubber 20 and the stack 30, respectively;
the flue before and after the chemical absorption device 21 is respectively provided with a third electric baffle door 211 and a fourth electric baffle door 212, the membrane separation device 22 is provided with a bypass flue 221, the bypass flue 221 is connected between an inlet and an outlet of the membrane separation device 22 so that flue gas flows downstream through the bypass flue 221, the bypass flue 221 is provided with a fifth electric baffle door 222, the flue, in which the chemical absorption device 21 and the membrane separation device 22 are respectively connected with a main flue between the wet dust collector 20 and the chimney 30, is provided with a sixth electric baffle door 23, and the control device is respectively electrically connected with the third electric baffle door 211, the fourth electric baffle door 212, the fifth electric baffle door 222 and the sixth electric baffle door 23;
in response to the fan 11 starting to operate, the control device controls the third electric barrier door 211, the fourth electric barrier door 212, and the sixth electric barrier door 23 to open;
in response to the fan 11 ending operation, the control device controls the fourth electric barrier door 212 to close, and controls the third electric barrier door 211 and the sixth electric barrier door 23 to close at a second preset time after the fan 11 ends;
in response to the membrane separation device 22 beginning to operate, the control device controls the fifth motorized barrier door 222 to close;
in response to the end of the operation of the membrane separation device 22, the control device controls the fifth motorized barrier door 222 to open.
In the embodiment, the feedback of the decarburized flue gas can be safely and effectively realized and the mixed flue gas with the expected concentration can be obtained by carrying out reasonable logic control of the flue system. In order to ensure that most of the flue gas in the carbon dioxide capturing system after the fan 11 finishes running can be absorbed, the control device may control the fourth electric baffle door 212 to be closed when the fan 11 finishes running, and control the third electric baffle door 211 and the sixth electric baffle door 23 to be closed at a second preset time after the fan 11 finishes running.
In some embodiments, the second preset time may be, for example, 2s, 3s, and 4s, where the embodiment of the present invention is not specifically limited.
In some embodiments, the chemical absorption device 21 mainly uses the alkaline absorbent to react with carbon dioxide in the flue gas to generate unstable salts (such as carbonate, carbamate, etc.), and the generated salts can be reversely decomposed under certain conditions so as to realize separation and recovery of carbon dioxide and regeneration of the absorbent. For example, the absorption column, the lean hot liquid heat exchanger, the desorption column, the reboiler, the lean liquid pump, the rich liquid pump, the lean liquid cooler, etc. may be included, which are well known to those skilled in the art, and are not described herein.
In some embodiments, the membrane separation device 22 is composed of a multi-stage membrane module and a compressor, the carbon dioxide product gas concentrated at the outlet thereof flows back to the front end of the compressor at the inlet thereof, so as to obtain a higher concentration air intake condition (for example, the concentration of carbon dioxide is 15-50%), and the decarbonized flue gas flows back to the inlet of the fan 11 through a pipeline.
In the related art, the flue gas flow of different industrial emission sources and the concentration of carbon dioxide in the flue gas are different, so that the existing post-combustion trapping device is better matched with various industrial emission sources, and the decarburization performance of the carbon dioxide trapping device under various flue gas conditions needs to be tested.
However, existing carbon dioxide capture devices are generally directed to specific industrial emission sources, and the flue gas flow rate and the concentration of carbon dioxide in the flue gas cannot be changed, which can lead to the fact that the decarburization performance of the carbon dioxide capture device under different flue gas conditions cannot be measured. For example, patent publication number CN114768488A discloses a carbon dioxide capturing system suitable for flue gas of coal-fired units, capturing carbon dioxide by absorption; for another example, patent publication No. CN107824026a discloses a device for capturing and purifying flue gas carbon of a cement kiln, and carbon dioxide in the flue gas is absorbed by adopting a composite alkali liquor; for another example, CN113941247a discloses a system for capturing carbon dioxide in steel sintering flue gas, utilizing a higher content of calcium oxide in the fly ash to absorb carbon dioxide in the flue gas.
Therefore, a technical scheme for carbon dioxide capture of a carbon dioxide capture system needs to be developed, and the flow rate and the concentration of the flue gas are regulated to simulate carbon-containing flue gas with different emission sources, so that research on engineering scale can be carried out aiming at different industrial technology applications, and the compatibility of the carbon capture system is tested.
In order to solve the technical problem, in one embodiment of the present invention, the chemical absorption device 21 and the membrane separation device 22 are further connected to the inlet of the fan 11, respectively, and the chemical absorption device 21 and the membrane separation device 22 are both used for refluxing at least part of the carbon dioxide product gas to the inlet of the fan 11 so as to achieve tempering of the flue gas.
In this embodiment, the adjustment of the carbon dioxide concentration in the flue gas of the carbon capture unit 2 can be achieved by using the chemical absorption device 21 or the membrane separation device 22 to reflux at least part of the carbon dioxide product gas to the inlet of the blower 11 to simulate flue gas conditions of different industries. Therefore, the technical scheme can change the flue gas flow of the industrial emission source and the concentration of carbon dioxide in the flue gas so as to measure the decarburization performance of the carbon dioxide capturing device under different flue gas conditions.
It should be noted that the decarburization performance of the carbon dioxide capture device includes, but is not limited to: the removal rate of carbon dioxide, the consumption amount of the absorption liquid, the energy consumption of the capturing device, and the like are not particularly limited herein.
It will be appreciated that in order to accurately control the concentration of carbon dioxide in the flue gas entering the blower 11, a gas component analysis meter (not shown) may be further provided on each branch, so that the concentration of carbon dioxide in the flue gas entering the carbon capture unit 2 is controlled within a desired range.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the decarbonized flue gas is less than 1%, and when the chemical absorption device 21 or the membrane separation device 22 returns at least part of the decarbonized flue gas to the inlet of the fan 11, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the flue gas entering the fan 11 is 3-8%.
Typically, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the flue gas generated by the coal-fired unit is 12% and the concentration of carbon dioxide in the flue gas generated by the gas-fired unit is 6%, and if the concentration of carbon dioxide in the flue gas entering the carbon capture unit 2 is required to be relatively low, it is necessary to return at least part of the decarbonized flue gas to the inlet of the fan 11, i.e. the concentration of carbon dioxide in the flue gas entering the fan 11 is equal to the concentration of carbon dioxide in the flue gas entering the carbon capture unit 2.
In one embodiment of the invention, the fan 11 is provided with a variable frequency control device (not shown in the figure), and the amount of the flue gas is regulated by the fan 11 through the variable frequency control device, and the regulation range of the flue gas flow is 30-110%.
In this embodiment, by providing the variable frequency control device in the blower 11, the smoke amount adjustment can be realized more energy-effectively.
It is known that the frequency conversion control device is well known to those skilled in the art, and will not be described herein.
The specific workflow of the carbon dioxide capture system described above is described below.
After the industrial flue gas is purified by the desulfurization device 10 and the wet dust collector 20 in sequence, one part of the flue gas is discharged through the chimney 30, and the other part of the flue gas enters from the bottom of the deep purification tower 12 through the fan 11, is reversely contacted with cooling water sprayed on the upper part of the deep purification tower 12 for cooling, and is washed and purified (namely, further desulfurization and dust removal). After pretreatment, the flue gas enters the carbon capture unit 2, wherein the chemical absorption device 21 may comprise, for example, an absorption column, a lean hot liquid heat exchanger, a desorption column, a reboiler, a lean liquid pump, a rich liquid pump, a lean liquid cooler. The flue gas enters from the lower part of the absorption tower after pretreatment, and is reversely contacted with lean liquid sprayed from the tower top in the tower to be absorbed; the rich liquid is pumped into an absorption tower by a rich liquid pump, is subjected to heat exchange with the lean liquid in a lean-rich liquid heat exchanger, and is sent into a regeneration tower for desorption and regeneration, and carbon dioxide combined in the rich liquid is released under the action of heat; and under the action of a lean solution pump, the lean solution at the bottom of the regeneration tower is sprayed from the top of the absorption tower after being subjected to heat exchange by a lean-rich solution heat exchanger and cooled to a required temperature by a lean solution cooler, so that the circulation of the system is realized. The decarburization flue gas is discharged from the upper part of the absorption tower, and low-concentration decarburization flue gas flows back to the pretreatment unit 1 through a return pipeline, so that the lower-concentration carbon dioxide flue gas can be simulated, or the lower-concentration carbon dioxide flue gas flows back to a main flue system of a power plant and is discharged through an original chimney; while the high concentration carbon dioxide product gas produced by the carbon capture unit 2 may be sent to a downstream carbon dioxide compression unit.
In summary, by configuring the leading-in and returning-out schemes, the carbon dioxide capturing system provided by the embodiment of the invention can firstly ensure that the carbon dioxide capturing system has no influence on the operation stability and safety of the original power plant unit when in operation; secondly, the original flue connection and backflow logic control can realize full automation, and the control device is connected to monitor and automatically adjust various parameters in the process, so that the full automation is realized. And before the decarburization flue gas part generated by the carbon dioxide capturing system is returned to the capturing system, the decarburization flue gas part is used for simulating a carbon dioxide flue gas source with lower concentration (the carbon dioxide concentration is 3-8%), so that the effective utilization of the decarburization flue gas can be realized.
As shown in fig. 2, the embodiment of the invention provides a carbon dioxide capturing method, which is applied to a carbon dioxide capturing system, wherein the carbon dioxide capturing system is connected between a wet dust collector 20 and a chimney 30, a desulfurization device 10 is connected to the upstream of the wet dust collector 20, and the carbon dioxide capturing system comprises a pretreatment unit 1 and a carbon capturing unit 2;
the method comprises the following steps:
the pretreatment unit 1 is utilized to pretreat the industrial flue gas discharged by the wet dust collector 20, wherein the pretreatment at least comprises the steps of further dust collection and desulfurization of the industrial flue gas;
carbon dioxide in the pretreated industrial flue gas is captured by the carbon capture unit 2 to obtain decarbonized flue gas and carbon dioxide product gas, and a main flue for refluxing the decarbonized flue gas to the wet dust collector 20 and the chimney 30.
In one embodiment of the invention, the pretreatment unit 1 comprises a fan 11 and a deep purification tower 12 which are sequentially connected along the flue gas flow direction, the fan 11 is used for adjusting the flow of industrial flue gas so as to realize the adjustment of the flue gas, the deep purification tower 12 is used for further dedusting and desulfurizing the industrial flue gas, a first electric baffle door 111 and a second electric baffle door 112 are respectively arranged on the flue gas before and after the fan 11, and the carbon dioxide trapping system further comprises a control device;
the method further comprises the following steps:
in response to the fan 11 starting to operate, controlling the first electric flapper door 111 to open by the control device;
in response to the end of the operation of the blower 11, the first and second motorized barrier doors 111 and 112 are controlled to close at a first preset time after the end of the blower 11 by the control device.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the carbon capture unit 2 includes a chemical absorption device 21 and a membrane separation device 22, the flues before and after the chemical absorption device 21 are respectively provided with a third electric baffle door 211 and a fourth electric baffle door 212, the membrane separation device 22 is provided with a bypass flue 221, the bypass flue 221 is connected between an inlet and an outlet of the membrane separation device 22 so that flue gas flows downstream through the bypass flue 221, the bypass flue 221 is provided with a fifth electric baffle door 222, and the flues of the chemical absorption device 21 and the membrane separation device 22 respectively connected with a main flue between the wet dust collector 20 and the chimney 30 are provided with a sixth electric baffle door 23;
the method further comprises the following steps:
in response to the fan 11 starting to operate, the third electric flapper door 211, the fourth electric flapper door 212, and the sixth electric flapper door 23 are controlled to open by the control device;
in response to the end of the operation of the blower 11, controlling the fourth electric barrier door 212 to be closed by the control device, and controlling the third electric barrier door 211 and the sixth electric barrier door 23 to be closed at a second preset time after the end of the blower 11;
in response to the membrane separation device 22 beginning to operate, controlling the fifth electrically operated flapper door 222 to close with the control device;
in response to the end of the operation of the membrane separation device 22, the fifth electrically operated flapper door 222 is controlled to open by the control device.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the chemical absorption device 21 and the membrane separation device 22 are also connected to the inlet of the blower 11, respectively;
the method further comprises the following steps:
at least part of carbon dioxide product gas is returned to the inlet of the fan 11 by utilizing the chemical absorption device 21 or the membrane separation device 22 so as to realize conditioning of the flue gas; the concentration of carbon dioxide in the decarbonized flue gas is less than 1%, and the concentration of carbon dioxide in the flue gas entering the fan 11 is 3-8%.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the fan 11 is provided with a variable frequency control device, and the method further includes: the variable frequency control device is utilized to realize the adjustment of the fan 11 to the flue gas, and the adjustment range of the flue gas flow is 30-110%.
It can be understood that the carbon dioxide capturing method provided by this embodiment and the carbon dioxide capturing system provided by the foregoing embodiments are based on the same inventive concept, so that the two have the same beneficial effects, and will not be described herein.
It should be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention, and are not limited thereto; although embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A carbon dioxide capture system connected between a wet scrubber (20) and a stack (30), the wet scrubber (20) being connected upstream with a desulfurization device (10), the system comprising:
a pretreatment unit (1) for pretreating the industrial flue gas discharged by the wet dust collector (20), the pretreatment at least comprising further dust removal and desulfurization of the industrial flue gas;
the carbon trapping unit (2) is connected with the pretreatment unit (1), and the carbon trapping unit (2) is used for trapping carbon dioxide in the pretreated industrial flue gas to obtain decarburized flue gas and carbon dioxide product gas and is used for refluxing the decarburized flue gas to a main flue between the wet dust collector (20) and the chimney (30).
2. The carbon dioxide capturing system according to claim 1, wherein the pretreatment unit (1) comprises a fan (11) and a deep purification tower (12) which are sequentially connected along the flue gas flow direction, the fan (11) is used for adjusting the flow of the industrial flue gas so as to realize the adjustment of the flue gas, and the deep purification tower (12) is used for further dedusting and desulfurizing the industrial flue gas;
the air conditioner further comprises a control device, wherein a first electric baffle door (111) and a second electric baffle door (112) are respectively arranged in the flue at the front and the rear of the fan (11), and the control device is respectively and electrically connected with the first electric baffle door (111) and the second electric baffle door (112);
in response to the fan (11) starting to operate, the control device controls the first electric flapper door (111) to open;
in response to the fan (11) ending operation, the control device controls the first electric flapper door (111) and the second electric flapper door (112) to close at a first preset time after the fan (11) ends.
3. The carbon dioxide capturing system according to claim 2, wherein the carbon capturing unit (2) comprises a chemical absorption device (21) and a membrane separation device (22), the chemical absorption device (21) and the membrane separation device (22) being connected to a main flue between the wet scrubber (20) and the stack (30), respectively;
the flue around the chemical absorption device (21) is respectively provided with a third electric baffle door (211) and a fourth electric baffle door (212), the membrane separation device (22) is provided with a bypass flue (221), the bypass flue (221) is connected between an inlet and an outlet of the membrane separation device (22) so that flue gas flows to the downstream through the bypass flue (221), the bypass flue (221) is provided with a fifth electric baffle door (222), the flue connected with a main flue between the wet dust collector (20) and the chimney (30) by the chemical absorption device (21) and the membrane separation device (22) is respectively provided with a sixth electric baffle door (23), and the control device is respectively electrically connected with the third electric baffle door (211), the fourth electric baffle door (212), the fifth electric baffle door (222) and the sixth electric baffle door (23);
in response to the fan (11) starting to operate, the control device controls the third electric flapper door (211), the fourth electric flapper door (212), and the sixth electric flapper door (23) to open;
in response to the fan (11) ending operation, the control device controls the fourth electric flapper door (212) to be closed and controls the third electric flapper door (211) and the sixth electric flapper door (23) to be closed at a second preset time after the fan (11) ends;
in response to the membrane separation device (22) beginning to operate, the control device controls the fifth electrically operated flapper door (222) to close;
in response to the membrane separation device (22) ending operation, the control device controls the fifth electrically operated flapper door (222) to open.
4. A carbon dioxide capturing system according to claim 3, characterized in that the chemical absorption device (21) and the membrane separation device (22) are also connected to the inlet of the fan (11), respectively, the chemical absorption device (21) and the membrane separation device (22) being both adapted to return at least part of the carbon dioxide product gas to the inlet of the fan (11) for tempering of the flue gas.
5. The carbon dioxide capturing system according to claim 4, wherein the fan (11) is provided with a variable frequency control device, and the amount of flue gas is regulated by the fan (11) through the variable frequency control device, and the regulation range of the flue gas flow is 30-110%; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the concentration of carbon dioxide in the decarbonized flue gas is less than 1%, and when the chemical absorption device (21) or the membrane separation device (22) returns at least part of the decarbonized flue gas to the inlet of the fan (11), the concentration of carbon dioxide in the flue gas entering the fan (11) is 3-8%.
6. The carbon dioxide capturing method is characterized by being applied to a carbon dioxide capturing system, wherein the carbon dioxide capturing system is connected between a wet dust collector (20) and a chimney (30), a desulfurization device (10) is connected to the upstream of the wet dust collector (20), and the carbon dioxide capturing system comprises a pretreatment unit (1) and a carbon capturing unit (2);
the method comprises the following steps:
-pre-treating the industrial flue gas discharged by the wet scrubber (20) with the pre-treatment unit (1), the pre-treatment comprising at least further dust removal and desulphurisation of the industrial flue gas;
capturing carbon dioxide in the pretreated industrial flue gas by utilizing the carbon capturing unit (2) to obtain decarburized flue gas and carbon dioxide product gas, and refluxing the decarburized flue gas to a main flue between the wet dust collector (20) and the chimney (30).
7. The carbon dioxide capturing method according to claim 6, wherein the pretreatment unit (1) comprises a fan (11) and a deep purification tower (12) which are sequentially connected along the flue gas flow direction, the fan (11) is used for adjusting the flow of the industrial flue gas so as to realize the adjustment of the flue gas, the deep purification tower (12) is used for further dedusting and desulfurizing the industrial flue gas, a first electric baffle door (111) and a second electric baffle door (112) are respectively arranged in flues before and after the fan (11), and the carbon dioxide capturing system further comprises a control device;
the method further comprises the steps of:
controlling the first electric flapper door (111) to open with the control device in response to the blower (11) starting to operate;
in response to the fan (11) ending operation, the control device is used for controlling the first electric baffle door (111) and the second electric baffle door (112) to be closed at a first preset moment after the fan (11) ends.
8. The carbon dioxide capturing method according to claim 7, wherein the carbon capturing unit (2) comprises a chemical absorption device (21) and a membrane separation device (22), a third electric baffle door (211) and a fourth electric baffle door (212) are respectively arranged on flues before and after the chemical absorption device (21), the membrane separation device (22) is provided with a bypass flue (221), the bypass flue (221) is connected between an inlet and an outlet of the membrane separation device (22) so that flue gas flows downstream through the bypass flue (221), the bypass flue (221) is provided with a fifth electric baffle door (222), and flues, which are respectively connected with a main flue between the wet dust collector (20) and the chimney (30), are provided with a sixth electric baffle door (23).
The method further comprises the steps of:
controlling the third electric barrier door (211), the fourth electric barrier door (212) and the sixth electric barrier door (23) to be opened by the control means in response to the fan (11) starting to operate;
controlling the fourth electric flapper door (212) to be closed by the control device in response to the fan (11) ending operation, and controlling the third electric flapper door (211) and the sixth electric flapper door (23) to be closed at a second preset time after the fan (11) ends;
-controlling the closing of the fifth electrically operated flapper door (222) with the control device in response to the membrane separation device (22) starting operation;
in response to the membrane separation device (22) ending operation, the fifth electrically operated flapper door (222) is controlled to open by the control device.
9. The carbon dioxide capturing method according to claim 8, wherein the chemical absorption device (21) and the membrane separation device (22) are further connected to an inlet of the blower (11), respectively;
the method further comprises the steps of:
reflux at least part of the carbon dioxide product gas to the inlet of the fan (11) by using the chemical absorption device (21) or the membrane separation device (22) so as to realize conditioning of the flue gas; the concentration of carbon dioxide in the decarbonized flue gas is less than 1%, and the concentration of carbon dioxide in the flue gas entering the fan (11) is 3-8%.
10. The carbon dioxide capturing method according to claim 9, wherein the fan (11) is provided with a variable frequency control device, the method further comprising: and the variable frequency control device is utilized to realize the adjustment of the amount of the fan (11) to the smoke, and the adjustment range of the smoke flow is 30-110%.
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