CN116035036B - Application of neoseiulus neoseius in prevention and treatment of leguminous plants, namely, bean thistle and horse - Google Patents
Application of neoseiulus neoseius in prevention and treatment of leguminous plants, namely, bean thistle and horse Download PDFInfo
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- CN116035036B CN116035036B CN202310304695.1A CN202310304695A CN116035036B CN 116035036 B CN116035036 B CN 116035036B CN 202310304695 A CN202310304695 A CN 202310304695A CN 116035036 B CN116035036 B CN 116035036B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
The invention relates to application of neoseiulus neoseius in prevention and treatment of leguminous plants, namely, bean thistle and horse, and belongs to the technical field of biological prevention and treatment. When the neoseiulus is applied to prevention and treatment of the horsebean, the neoseiulus is released into leguminous plants according to a certain proportion. The method for preventing and controlling the soybean thrips on the cowpea is safer than a chemical pesticide preventing and controlling method, and the obtained cowpea is longer in length. The method not only provides a new way for preventing and controlling the soybean thrips, but also provides a new direction for the application of neoseiulus neoseius.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biological control, in particular to application of neoseiulus in controlling leguminous plants, namely, field thistle.
Background
The soybean thrips are the first large pests on flowers and vegetables in Hainan and southeast Asian countries, and are particularly serious on leguminous crops. The overstock of cowpea chemical pesticides is basically caused by controlling the soybean thrips, so that the search of a biological control method capable of replacing chemical pesticides to control the soybean thrips is urgent, predatory natural enemies are the most important ways for controlling the soybean thrips, individuals can actively enter flowers to feed the thrips nymphs, and the natural control effect is obvious.
There are many reports on predatory natural enemies which can be used for preventing and controlling soybean thrips in temperate regions, but after the predatory natural enemies are released and applied to tropical subtropical regions, the predatory natural enemies are found to be poor in heat resistance and cannot survive and colonize in tropical subtropical regions, so that predatory natural enemies which can effectively prevent and control soybean thrips must be excavated in the subtropical regions to replace chemical pesticides for preventing and controlling effects.
The present invention has been made based on this.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide application of neoseiulus neoseiulis in preventing and controlling leguminous plants, namely, field thistle.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides application of neoseiulus neoseiulis in preventing and treating leguminous plants, namely, bean thistle.
Preferably, the method for preventing and controlling the bean thrips of the leguminous plant by the neoseiulus comprises the following steps: neoseiulus neoseius is released in leguminous plants.
Preferably, the quantity ratio of neoseiulus neoseius to soybean thrips during release is 1:4.5-29.5.
Preferably, the release is carried out at any time of legumes.
Preferably, the release is performed just after the legume has entered the seedling stage and/or just after the legume has entered the pod stage.
Preferably, the release frequency is that release is performed every 8-12 d.
Preferably, the release timing is: releasing at 3-5 pm points in sunny days;
released at any time during the cloudy day.
Preferably, the leguminous plant is cowpea.
The invention provides application of neoseiulus neoseiulis in preventing and treating leguminous plants, namely, bean thistle. The method can well prevent and treat the damage of cowpea thrips, can replace the prevention and treatment of chemical pesticides, is safe, has a length longer than that of cowpea obtained by the chemical pesticides, is at least 6cm long, and can improve the yield of cowpea. Provides a new way for preventing and controlling soybean thrips and also provides a new direction for the application of neoseiulus neoseius.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the comparison of the feeding capacity of different predatory mites on soybean thrips in Hainan region.
Fig. 2 shows the control effect of different predatory mites on soybean thrips.
FIG. 3 shows the predatory functional response of neoseiulus neoseius to soybean thrips.
Fig. 4 is a ratio relationship of soybean thrips and flower thrips in the field.
Fig. 5 is a relationship between thrips sojae atricolor and cowpea waiting period.
Fig. 6 shows the daily occurrence of soybean thrips.
Fig. 7 is a comparison of the control effect of releasing predatory mites against soybean thrips with the application of chemical pesticides.
Fig. 8 is the difference between cowpea using chemical pesticide and pod using predatory mites (left panel is cowpea using chemical pesticide, right panel is cowpea using predatory mites).
Detailed Description
The invention provides application of neoseiulus neoseiulis in preventing and treating leguminous plants, namely, bean thistle.
In the invention, the method for preventing and controlling the bean thrips of leguminous plants by the neoseiulus comprises the following steps: neoseiulus neoseius is released in leguminous plants. In the invention, the neoseiulus is neoseiulus carrying a matrix; the substrate is bran; the ratio of neoseiulus neoseius to bran is any ratio.
In the invention, the quantity ratio of neoseiulus to soybean thrips during release is 1:4.5-29.5, preferably 10-24, more preferably 14-20, and even more preferably 17.
In the present invention, the release is performed at an arbitrary period of legumes.
In the present invention, it is preferable that the release is performed immediately after the leguminous plant enters the seedling stage; further preferably, the release is carried out just after the legume has entered the pod stage; more preferably, it is released just after the leguminous plant enters the seedling stage and just after the pod stage.
In the invention, the release frequency is that release is carried out every 8-12 d, preferably every 10 d.
In the invention, the release time is as follows: in sunny days, release is carried out at 3-5 pm, preferably at 4 pm; released at any time during the cloudy day.
In the invention, the release mode is unmanned aerial vehicle release or manual release; the release is preferably the release of neoseiulus neoseius onto leaves and/or flowers of leguminous plants.
In the present invention, the leguminous plant is cowpea.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The predatory mites and the soybean thrips in the embodiment of the invention are collected in an orchard, vegetable field and woodland in the state area (18 DEG 25 'N-108 DEG 39' E) of the three-city, cliff, hainan province.
The neoseiulus, neoseiulus barkeri, neoseiulus cucumeris, adjacent Qian Suiman, amblyseius oophorus, amblyseius alkii, amblyseius hainanensis, amblyseius longus, amblyseius tseius stramineus and amblyseius lagogius described in the examples are dominant predatory mite species in the Hainan region found through long-term study.
Predatory mites were housed in plastic boxes (35X 25X 10 cm) and placed in incubators (PRX-1000B, BAIDIAN) and raised at a temperature of 25.+ -. 1 ℃, a relative humidity of 60.+ -. 5%, and an illumination of 16L: 8D. Thrips sojae were bred under the above conditions using kidney bean horn as a food and spawning base. Mated female predatory mites (9-14 d years old) were used as test predatory mites. The newly hatched thrips of 1 age (less than 7 hours old) are used as prey.
Example 1
The aggressiveness tester consists of three acrylic plates (5X 4X 0.3 cm). The top of the plate had no holes and the other two had a circular hole with a diameter of 2.5 cm. A piece of kidney bean leaf (4X 4 cm) was placed in each chamber and laminated onto filter paper (4X 5 cm) and placed between the middle and bottom slides. Three slides were tightly held with two metal clips to form a closed chamber. The functional response and predation measurement space were of the same size, 3.5X12X0.2 cm. The tray with the tester was placed in a climatic chamber at 25.+ -. 1 ℃ with a relative humidity of 60.+ -. 5% and a photoperiod of 16L: 8D.
Diet capture experiment 1 predatory mites and 10 bean thrips 1-age nymphs were placed in the tester, the number of each predatory mite predatory bean thrips was observed every 24 hours, and after recording, 10 bean thrips 1-age nymphs were added again, and each test was repeated 15 times for 7 days. The predatory capacity of different predatory mite species on soybean thrips was compared. The results are shown in FIG. 1.
Figure 1 shows that neoseiulus neoseius predatory effect on soybean thrips is significantly higher than other predatory mites. The predatory amount of neoseiulus is at most 7.84±0.22 heads/day, and is significantly different from neoseiulus (LSD: P < 0.001), the neoseiulus barkeri is 7.04±0.16 heads/day, and the difference is significant compared with the neoseiulus barkeri (LSD: P < 0.001), but the predatory quantity of neoseiulus barkeri is not as high as that of neoseiulus barkeri. Therefore, the neoseiulus neoseiuli has wide prospect in the prevention and treatment of soybean thrips.
And (3) putting the 1-head predatory mites and the 1-head soybean thrips into a tester, observing for 6 hours, recording predatory conditions every 5 minutes, and recording predatory conditions every 20 minutes after 30 minutes. Until the prey is eaten or the test is completed. Each test was repeated 15 times to investigate the control effect of different predatory mites on soybean thrips. The results are shown in FIG. 2.
FIG. 2 shows that 13 groups of neoseiulus neoseius predatory bean thrips early-age nymphs in 6 hours, accounting for 86.67% of the total; and 12 groups of neoseiulus barkeri and adjacent Qian Suiman prey on the primary-age nymphs of the soybean thrips in 6 hours, which occupy about 80% of the total number, and the predatory effect of other predatory mites on the soybean thrips nymphs is below 80%, so that the continuous prevention and treatment effect of neoseiulus barkeri on the soybean thrips is remarkable, and the large-scale application potential is realized.
Example 2
The protocol of example 2 was set up using the functional response determinator of example 1, and 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 thrips beatifolia 1-year nymphs were placed in each cell as prey densities, and the food-intake of neoseiulus was observed at different prey densities. The process was repeated 10 times, and the food-catching amount after 24 hours was recorded.
The results are shown in Table 1 and FIG. 3.
TABLE 1 influence of neoseiulus neoseius on the food catching amount of primary nymphs of soybean thrips of different densities
| Prey density (head) | Food catching capacity |
| 5 | 4.50±0.22 |
| 10 | 9.50±0.22c |
| 15 | 14.00±0.42b |
| 20 | 19.20±0.25a |
| 25 | 19.80±0.42a |
| 30 | 20.00±0.33a |
Table 1 and FIG. 3 show that neoseiulus neoseius predation increases significantly (P < 0.05) with increasing prey density; when the prey density is more than 20, the predatory mites gradually tend to be stable in predatory quantity; when the density of the prey is maximum, the food catching capacity can reach 20.0 heads. When the initial density of the prey is low, the predatory rate of neoseiulus on the primary-age nymphs of the soybean thrips is relatively high. The prey density is the density of the soybean thrips.
Two logistic regression coefficients were established from the curve of fig. 3. The specific data are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 logistic regression coefficient estimation of functional response of neoseiulus neoseius to primary thrips beancurdi nymphs
| Type of functional reaction | Parameters (parameters) | Parameter value | Standard error | χ2 | P value |
| Type | Parameters | Estimate | SE | χ2 | Pvalue |
| Ⅲ | Intercept (P0) | 0.5136 | 1.3756 | 0.14 | 0.7089 |
| Linear (P1) | 0.4692 | 0.2748 | 2.91 | 0.0878 | |
| Quadratic(P2) | -0.0263 | 0.0158 | 2.76 | 0.0967 | |
| Cubic (P3) | 0.000360 | 0.000274 | 1.73 | 0.1887 |
According to Table 2, P1 has an evaluation of 0.4692, which results in greater than 0, and P2 has an evaluation of-0.0263, which results in less than 0, so that neoseiulus neoseius predatory bean thrips primary nymphs appear to be functionally responsive type III, i.e., predatory mites have a lower predatory capacity due to their low predatory efficiency or lack of "search images" when bean thrips have a low density, and the predatory efficiency increases with increasing bean thrips density, and thereafter the ingestion rate gradually decreases due to saturation level until equilibrium is reached.
Na=ae according to Holling-iii type functional response improvement model -b/N Wherein N is prey density and Na is preyAnd the quantity a is the maximum predation quantity, b is the optimal searching density, and the functional response parameters are obtained through analysis. Namely, the highest predatory quantity of neoseiulus on the primary-age nymphs of the soybean thrips is 29.48+/-0.81; whereas the best found prey density was 10.38.+ -. 0.50 head in the experimental space range (35X 20X 3 mm). The minimum food catching amount of neoseiulus on the primary-age nymphs of soybean thrips is 4.5. The predatory amount of neoseiulus to the primary-age nymphs of the soybean thrips is 4.5-29.5.
Example 3
Law of soybean thrips
For many years, the soybean thrips in tropical subtropical areas are investigated, and the result shows that the thrips on cowpea are mainly harmfulMegalurothrips usitatusSecondly, flower thripsFrankliniella intonsaWherein the soybean thrips is a dominant population in the field. As shown in particular in fig. 4.
And (5) investigating the damage condition of the soybean thrips at different periods and different time points of cowpea, and manufacturing a population dynamic monitoring graph of the soybean thrips. Specifically, the method is shown in fig. 5-6.
Fig. 4 shows that soybean thrips is a dominant population in the field.
FIG. 5 shows that soybean thrips can damage the growth points of the tips of the cowpea during the seedling stage, and cause blackness and necrosis of the cowpea, and cause blackheads to die during the seedling stage; in the full bloom stage, the high outbreak period of the soybean thrips is realized, the number of adults in each flower is 30 at most, and the black head and black tail of the pod are caused when the flower juice nectar is sucked, so that the cowpea quality is endangered.
Fig. 6 shows that 3 bean thrips in the afternoon start to enter the active period and reach the highest peak at 5 pm.
Therefore, the active period and the active time point of the soybean thrips are selected to control the soybean thrips during control, and the damage of the soybean thrips can be effectively controlled. Can also be used for preventing and controlling in the whole period of cowpea.
Application example 1
According to the method, when cowpea just enters the seedling stage, the occurrence density of bean thrips in cowpea is 2-5 heads/plant, the average of the occurrence density of bean thrips in cowpea is 3.5 heads/plant, the ratio of neoseiulus to bean thrips is 1:10, neoseiulus is sprayed, and spraying is carried out at 3 pm. Fig. 5 also shows that when cowpea just enters the full bloom stage, the occurrence density of soybean thrips is 6-10 heads/plant, the average of 8 heads/plant, the ratio of neoseiulus neoseius to soybean thrips is 1:10, the release time is 3 pm, the release is repeated every 10d, and the full bloom stage is released 3 times. The control effect of neoseiulus on soybean thrips is observed, and cowpea is sprayed with 6% spinetoram suspension serving as a chemical pesticide as a control. Comparing the prevention and treatment effects of neoseiulus neoseius and chemical agents on soybean thrips. The spraying time of the chemical pesticide is consistent with that of releasing neoseiulus. The specific control effect results are shown in fig. 7-8.
Fig. 7 shows that the repeated use of the chemical pesticide has no significant difference in the occurrence and control effect of soybean thrips compared with the field for releasing neoseiulus neotame to control soybean thrips (ANOVA LSD:df=1，p=0.08）。
figure 8 shows that cowpea length produced by using the field of neoseiulus neoseii for controlling soybean thrips is on average about 15cm, which is significantly higher than 9cm of the average length of the chemical control field, and cowpea yield and quality are significantly improved.
From the above examples, the present invention provides the use of neoseiulus in controlling leguminous plants, namely, thistle. The method can well prevent and treat the damage of cowpea thrips, can replace the prevention and treatment of chemical pesticides, is safe, has a length longer than that of cowpea obtained by the chemical pesticides, is at least 6cm long, and can improve the yield of cowpea. Provides a new way for preventing and controlling soybean thrips and also provides a new direction for the application of neoseiulus neoseius.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. Application of neoseiulus neoseiulis in preventing and treating leguminous plants, namely, radix seu herba seu radix Cirsii Japonici.
2. The use according to claim 1, wherein said neoseiulus is used for controlling soybean thrips of leguminous plants by the method comprising: neoseiulus neoseius is released in leguminous plants.
3. The use according to claim 2, characterized in that the quantity ratio of neoseiulus neoseius to soybean thrips upon release is 1:4.5-29.5.
4. Use according to claim 3, characterized in that the release is carried out at any time of legumes.
5. The use according to claim 4, wherein the release is carried out immediately after the legume has entered the seedling stage and/or immediately after the legume has entered the pod stage.
6. The use according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the release is performed at intervals of 8 to 12 d.
7. The use according to claim 6, wherein the release is timed to: releasing at 3-5 pm points in sunny days;
released at any time during the cloudy day.
8. The use according to claim 1, wherein the leguminous plant is cowpea.
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