CN116030782A - Ultra-thin acoustic super-surface with simple structure and adjustable and controllable underwater sound wave reflection angle - Google Patents
Ultra-thin acoustic super-surface with simple structure and adjustable and controllable underwater sound wave reflection angle Download PDFInfo
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- CN116030782A CN116030782A CN202211663602.6A CN202211663602A CN116030782A CN 116030782 A CN116030782 A CN 116030782A CN 202211663602 A CN202211663602 A CN 202211663602A CN 116030782 A CN116030782 A CN 116030782A
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Abstract
An ultra-thin acoustic super-surface with a simple structure and adjustable reflection angle of underwater sound waves belongs to the technical field of acoustic super-surfaces, and solves the technical problems that the unit structure of the traditional acoustic super-surface is complex, the size is large, and the low-frequency sound waves in water are difficult to adjust and control; the device designs the super surface by changing the height of the medium, and has simple structure. The angle of the reflected wave is adjusted by adjusting the relation between the period width d and the wavelength lambda, and the variation parameters are few. The device effectively reduces the size of the super surface and has smaller thickness. The device can realize abnormal reflection phenomenon at any incident angle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of acoustic super surfaces, and particularly relates to an ultrathin acoustic super surface with a simple structure and capable of regulating and controlling an underwater sound wave reflection angle.
Background
Artificial microstructured metamaterials have been attracting attention as a novel material design concept for more and more students. The appearance of the material can lead people to manually obtain a new material with very different supernormal physical properties from the material in the nature without violating basic physical laws. In recent years, phononic crystals and acoustic metamaterials have been rapidly developed. Similar to photonic crystals and electromagnetic metamaterials, phononic crystals and acoustic metamaterials can greatly expand the regulation and control means of people on sound waves, such as abnormal reflection/transmission phenomena, focusing and imaging, special sound beam generation, and stealth, absorption, camouflage and the like of sound waves. However, for the common metamaterial, a certain number of periodic arrangements are needed to realize the special functions, and the metamaterial has the defects of large volume, high cost, narrow bandwidth, large loss and the like and is difficult to integrate. This makes a lightweight and slim design of metamaterials an urgent need. The proposal of the acoustic super surface is the product of the wave control function structure pursuing the light and thin design, and is the research branch of the acoustic super material in the last years. Unlike the regulation mechanism of traditional artificial refractive index changing material, the essence is that a micro-structure acoustic phased array with sub-wavelength size regulates the wave front of sound wave. The acoustic super-surface has the advantages of flexible design, rich physical connotation and the like, thereby becoming a research hotspot for acoustic wave regulation. Most of the acoustic super-surfaces are only suitable for the air nowadays, and because the wavelength in water under the same frequency is 5 times of the wavelength in the air, the super-surface size manufactured in the water is large, so that the low-frequency sound waves in the water are difficult to regulate and control, and the unit structure of the traditional acoustic super-surface is complex and difficult to actually manufacture, the invention designs the acoustic super-surface which is light and thin in structure and simple to manufacture, and can realize regulation and control of the underwater reflected sound waves.
Disclosure of Invention
To solve the problems set forth in the background art. The invention provides an ultrathin acoustic super-surface with a simple structure and capable of adjusting and controlling the reflection angle of underwater sound waves, and solves the technical problems that the unit structure of the traditional acoustic super-surface is complex, the size is large, and the underwater low-frequency sound waves are difficult to adjust and control.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
an ultrathin acoustic super-surface with a simple structure and capable of regulating and controlling the reflection angle of underwater sound waves comprises a first uniform medium, a second uniform medium, a third uniform medium, a fourth uniform medium, a fifth uniform medium, a sixth uniform medium, a seventh uniform medium, an eighth uniform medium, a partition plate and a bottom plate; the first uniform medium, the second uniform medium, the third uniform medium, the fourth uniform medium, the fifth uniform medium, the sixth uniform medium, the seventh uniform medium and the eighth uniform medium are arranged periodically; the first uniform medium, the third uniform medium, the fifth uniform medium and the seventh uniform medium are respectively positioned above the second uniform medium, the fourth uniform medium, the sixth uniform medium and the eighth uniform medium and form a unit, every two units are separated by a partition board, and bottom boards are attached to the bottoms of the second uniform medium, the fourth uniform medium, the sixth uniform medium, the eighth uniform medium and the partition board.
Preferably, the first uniform medium and the second uniform medium form a unit, the third uniform medium and the fourth uniform medium form a unit, the fifth uniform medium and the sixth uniform medium form a unit, and the seventh uniform medium and the eighth uniform medium form a unit; the four units are horizontally arranged, the upper surfaces of the four units are on the same horizontal plane, and the lower surfaces of the four units are on the same horizontal plane.
Preferably, the first uniform medium, the second uniform medium, the third uniform medium, the fourth uniform medium, the fifth uniform medium, the sixth uniform medium, the seventh uniform medium and the eighth uniform medium have different heights, other geometric parameters are the same, and the width range w of all the uniform mediums is 0.085m to 0.1m.
Preferably, the first uniform medium has a height h 1 0.04173m, the second homogeneous medium has a height h 2 0.02827m, the height of the third homogeneous medium is h 3 0.00764m and a fourth homogeneous medium of height h 4 0.06236m, the fifth homogeneous medium has a height h 5 0.066m, the height of the sixth uniform medium is h 6 A seventh uniform medium height of h is 0.004m 7 0.07m, the height of the eighth uniform medium is h 8 Is 0m.
Preferably, the impedance of the first uniform medium, the third uniform medium, the fifth uniform medium and the seventh uniform medium is Z 1 =8×10 6 The impedance of the second uniform medium, the fourth uniform medium, the sixth uniform medium and the eighth uniform medium is Z 2 =1.5×10 6 Pa·s/m。
Preferably, the width p of the separator ranges from 0.01m to 0.03m, the height H is 0.07m, the material is tungsten, and the impedance is 104.85 multiplied by 10 6 Pa·s/m。
Preferably, the thickness t of the bottom plate is 0.03m, the bottom plate is made of steel, and the impedance is 42.12 multiplied by 10 6 Pa·s/m。
Preferably, the four units of the first uniform medium, the second uniform medium, the third uniform medium, the fourth uniform medium, the fifth uniform medium, the sixth uniform medium, the seventh uniform medium and the eighth uniform medium and the four separators are bonded by an adhesive to form a period, the period width d is 4 (w+p), the adhesive bonds between each period to form an acoustic super surface, and the acoustic super surface at least comprises 2 periods.
Preferably, the cross-sectional shapes of the first uniform medium, the second uniform medium, the third uniform medium, the fourth uniform medium, the fifth uniform medium, the sixth uniform medium, the seventh uniform medium, the eighth uniform medium, the partition plate and the bottom plate are rectangular.
Preferably, the acoustic supersurface is capable of modulating sound waves at a frequency of f=5000 Hz, and the total height of the acoustic supersurface is 0.1m.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the device designs the super surface by changing the height of the medium, and has simple structure.
2. The angle of the reflected wave is adjusted by adjusting the relation between the period width d and the wavelength lambda, and the variation parameters are few.
3. The device effectively reduces the size of the super surface and has smaller thickness.
4. The device can realize abnormal reflection phenomenon at any incident angle.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an ultra-thin acoustic subsurface structure with a simple structure and capable of adjusting and controlling the reflection angle of underwater sound waves;
fig. 2 is an incident wave sound pressure field in example 1;
fig. 3 is a reflected wave sound pressure field of embodiment 1;
fig. 4 is a reflection direction simulation result of the reflected sound wave of example 1;
fig. 5 is an incident wave sound pressure field of example 2;
fig. 6 is a reflected wave sound pressure field of example 2;
fig. 7 is a reflection direction simulation result of the reflected sound wave of example 2;
fig. 8 is an incident wave sound pressure field of example 3;
fig. 9 is a reflected wave sound pressure field of embodiment 3;
fig. 10 shows the reflection direction simulation result of the reflected sound wave of example 3.
In the figure: 1. the first uniform medium, 2, the second uniform medium, 3, the third uniform medium, 4, the fourth uniform medium, 5, the fifth uniform medium, 6, the sixth uniform medium, 7, the seventh uniform medium, 8, the eighth uniform medium, 9, the partition board, 10 and the bottom plate.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an ultrathin acoustic super-surface with a simple structure and capable of adjusting and controlling the reflection angle of underwater sound waves comprises a first uniform medium 1, a second uniform medium 2, a third uniform medium 3, a fourth uniform medium 4, a fifth uniform medium 5, a sixth uniform medium 6, a seventh uniform medium 7, an eighth uniform medium 8, a partition plate 9 and a bottom plate 10; the first uniform medium 1, the second uniform medium 2, the third uniform medium 3, the fourth uniform medium 4, the fifth uniform medium 5, the sixth uniform medium 6, the seventh uniform medium 7 and the eighth uniform medium 8 are arranged periodically; the first uniform medium 1, the third uniform medium 3, the fifth uniform medium 5 and the seventh uniform medium 7 are respectively positioned above the second uniform medium 2, the fourth uniform medium 4, the sixth uniform medium 6 and the eighth uniform medium 8 and form a unit, every two units are separated by a partition 9, and a bottom plate 10 is attached to the bottoms of the second uniform medium 2, the fourth uniform medium 4, the sixth uniform medium 6, the eighth uniform medium 8 and the partition 9.
Wherein the first uniform medium 1 and the second uniform medium 2 form a unit, the third uniform medium 3 and the fourth uniform medium 4 form a unit, the fifth uniform medium 5 and the sixth uniform medium 6 form a unit, and the seventh uniform medium 7 and the eighth uniform medium 8 form a unit; the four units are horizontally arranged, the upper surfaces of the four units are on the same horizontal plane, and the lower surfaces of the four units are on the same horizontal plane. The heights of the first uniform medium 1, the second uniform medium 2, the third uniform medium 3, the fourth uniform medium 4, the fifth uniform medium 5, the sixth uniform medium 6, the seventh uniform medium 7 and the eighth uniform medium 8 are different, other geometric structure parameters are the same, and the width range of all the uniform mediums is 0.085m to 0.1m. The height of the first uniform medium 1 is h 1 0.04173m, the second homogeneous medium 2 has a height h 2 0.02827m and the height of the third homogeneous medium 3 is h 3 0.00764m, fourth uniformThe height of the medium 4 is h 4 0.06236m, the fifth homogeneous medium 5 has a height h 5 0.066m, the height of the sixth homogeneous medium 6 is h 6 A height h of the seventh uniform medium 7 of 0.004m 7 0.07m, the height of the eighth homogeneous medium 8 is h 8 Is 0m.
In terms of materials, the impedance of the first uniform medium 1, the third uniform medium 3, the fifth uniform medium 5 and the seventh uniform medium 7 is Z 1 =8×10 6 The impedance of the second homogeneous medium 2, the fourth homogeneous medium 4, the sixth homogeneous medium 6 and the eighth homogeneous medium 8 is z.=1.5×10 6 Pa.s/m. The width p of the partition board 9 ranges from 0.01m to 0.03m, the height H is 0.07m, the material is tungsten, and the impedance is 104.85 multiplied by 10 6 Pa.s/m. The thickness t of the base plate 10 is 0.03m, the base plate material is steel, and the impedance is 104.85 multiplied by 10 · Pa·s/m。
As shown in fig. 1, the four units of the first uniform medium 1, the second uniform medium 2, the third uniform medium 3, the fourth uniform medium 4, the fifth uniform medium 5, the sixth uniform medium 6, the seventh uniform medium 7 and the eighth uniform medium 8 and the four partition boards 9 are bonded by an adhesive to form a period, the period width d is 4 (w+p), the acoustic super-surface is formed by bonding the adhesive between each period, and the acoustic super-surface at least comprises 2 periods. The cross-sectional shapes of the first uniform medium 1, the second uniform medium 2, the third uniform medium 3, the fourth uniform medium 4, the fifth uniform medium 5, the sixth uniform medium 6, the seventh uniform medium 7, the eighth uniform medium 8, the partition plate 9 and the bottom plate 10 are all rectangular. The angle of the reflected wave generated by the super surface can be theoretically calculated through the generalized Schneiter's law, and the theoretical calculation formula of the angle of the reflected wave under the condition of normal incidence is theta r Arcsin (λ/d), λ is the wavelength of the acoustic wave, and at an incident angle θ i The theoretical calculation formula of the reflection angle under the condition is theta r =arcsin(λ/d+sinθ i )。
Example 1:
when the sound wave frequency f=5000 Hz, the background medium is water, the sound wave is incident perpendicular to the super surface, the super surface structure parameter is w=0.1 m, p=0.01 m, and d=0.44 m, simulation calculation is performed by COMSOL Multiphysics software. Fig. 2 is a sound pressure field result of an incident sound wave, fig. 3 is a sound pressure field result of a reflected sound wave, and fig. 4 is a reflection direction simulation result of the reflected sound wave. As can be seen from fig. 3, the acoustic super-surface reflects the vertically incident sound wave at a certain angle, the theoretical reflection angle is 42.98 ° when λ/d=0.68 is obtained according to the generalized snell law formula, the reflection angle is 43.37 ° obtained through fig. 4, and the simulation value well matches with the theoretical value, so that the super-surface can realize the regulation and control of the angle of the underwater reflected sound wave through a simple structure.
Example 2:
when the sound wave frequency f=5000 Hz, the background medium is water, the sound wave is incident perpendicular to the super surface, and the super surface structure parameters are w=0.09 m, p=0.01 m and d=0.4 m, simulation calculation is performed by using COMSOL Multiphysics software. Fig. 5 shows the sound pressure field results of the incident sound wave, and fig. 6 shows the sound pressure field results of the reflected sound wave. Fig. 7 is a reflection direction simulation result of the reflected sound wave. As can be seen from fig. 6, the acoustic super surface reflects the vertically incident sound wave at a certain angle, and according to the generalized snell's law formula, the theoretical reflection angle is 48.59 ° when λ/d=0.75, and the reflection angle is 48.88 ° according to fig. 7, so that the simulation value well matches with the theoretical value, and therefore, the super surface can realize the regulation and control of the angle of the underwater reflected sound wave through a simple structure.
Example 3:
when the sound wave frequency f=5000 Hz, the background medium is water, and the incident angle of the sound wave is theta i When the super surface structure parameters are w=0.09 m, p=0.01 m and d=0.4 m, simulation calculation is performed by using COMSOL Multiphysics software. Fig. 8 is an incident sound wave sound pressure field result, and fig. 9 is a reflected sound wave sound pressure field result. Fig. 10 is a reflection direction simulation result of the reflected sound wave. As can be seen from fig. 9, the acoustic super-surface reflects the incident sound wave at a certain angle, and the incident angle of the sound wave is θ, which is obtained according to the generalized snell's law formula and is represented by λ/d=0.75 i When the reflection angle is 10 DEG, the theoretical reflection angle is 67.46 DEG, the reflection angle obtained by the graph of FIG. 9 is 66.93 DEG, and the simulation value is well matched with the theoretical value, so the table is exceededThe surface can realize that when sound waves in any direction are incident on the super surface through a simple structure, the angle of the underwater reflected sound waves is regulated and controlled.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. An ultra-thin acoustic super surface with a simple structure and capable of regulating and controlling the reflection angle of underwater sound waves, which is characterized in that: the device comprises a first uniform medium (1), a second uniform medium (2), a third uniform medium (3), a fourth uniform medium (4), a fifth uniform medium (5), a sixth uniform medium (6), a seventh uniform medium (7), an eighth uniform medium (8), a partition board (9) and a bottom board (10); the first uniform medium (1), the second uniform medium (2), the third uniform medium (3), the fourth uniform medium (4), the fifth uniform medium (5), the sixth uniform medium (6), the seventh uniform medium (7) and the eighth uniform medium (8) are arranged periodically; the first uniform medium (1), the third uniform medium (3), the fifth uniform medium (5) and the seventh uniform medium (7) are respectively positioned above the second uniform medium (2), the fourth uniform medium (4), the sixth uniform medium (6) and the eighth uniform medium (8) and form a unit, every two units are separated by a partition board (9), and a bottom board (10) is attached to the bottoms of the second uniform medium (2), the fourth uniform medium (4), the sixth uniform medium (6), the eighth uniform medium (8) and the partition board (9).
2. The ultra-thin acoustic hypersurface with a simple structure and capable of adjusting and controlling the reflection angle of underwater sound waves according to claim 1, wherein the ultra-thin acoustic hypersurface is characterized in that: the first uniform medium (1) and the second uniform medium (2) form a unit, the third uniform medium (3) and the fourth uniform medium (4) form a unit, the fifth uniform medium (5) and the sixth uniform medium (6) form a unit, and the seventh uniform medium (7) and the eighth uniform medium (8) form a unit; the four units are horizontally arranged, the upper surfaces of the four units are on the same horizontal plane, and the lower surfaces of the four units are on the same horizontal plane.
3. The ultra-thin acoustic hypersurface with a simple structure and capable of adjusting and controlling the reflection angle of underwater sound waves according to claim 1, wherein the ultra-thin acoustic hypersurface is characterized in that: the first uniform medium (1), the second uniform medium (2), the third uniform medium (3), the fourth uniform medium (4), the fifth uniform medium (5), the sixth uniform medium (6), the seventh uniform medium (7) and the eighth uniform medium (8) are different in height, other geometric parameters are the same, and the width range w of all the uniform mediums is 0.085m to 0.1m.
4. A simple structure ultra-thin acoustic hypersurface capable of controlling the reflection angle of underwater sound waves as claimed in claim 3 wherein: the height of the first uniform medium (1) is h 1 0.04173m, the second homogeneous medium (2) has a height h 2 0.02827m, the height of the third homogeneous medium (3) is h 3 0.00764m and the height of the fourth homogeneous medium (4) is h 4 0.06236m, the height of the fifth homogeneous medium (5) is h 5 Is 0.066m, the height of the sixth uniform medium (6) is h 6 A height of 0.004m, a seventh uniform medium (7) of h 7 0.07m, the height of the eighth homogeneous medium (8) is h 8 Is 0m.
5. The ultra-thin acoustic hypersurface with a simple structure and capable of adjusting and controlling the reflection angle of underwater sound waves according to claim 1, wherein the ultra-thin acoustic hypersurface is characterized in that: the impedance of the first uniform medium (1), the third uniform medium (3), the fifth uniform medium (5) and the seventh uniform medium (7) is Z 1 =8×10 6 The impedance of the second uniform medium (2), the fourth uniform medium (4), the sixth uniform medium (6) and the eighth uniform medium (8) is Z 2 =1.5×10 6 Pa·s/m。
6. The ultra-thin acoustic hypersurface with a simple structure and capable of adjusting and controlling the reflection angle of underwater sound waves according to claim 1, wherein the ultra-thin acoustic hypersurface is characterized in that: the width p of the partition board (9) ranges from 0.01m to 0.03m, and the height H is0.07m, tungsten as material, and 104.85 ×10 impedance 6 Pa·s/m。
7. The ultra-thin acoustic hypersurface with a simple structure and capable of adjusting and controlling the reflection angle of underwater sound waves according to claim 1, wherein the ultra-thin acoustic hypersurface is characterized in that: the thickness t of the bottom plate (10) is 0.03m, the bottom plate material is steel, and the impedance is 42.12 multiplied by 10 6 Pa·s/m。
8. The ultra-thin acoustic hypersurface of claim 1, 3 or 6 which is simple in structure and can regulate and control the reflection angle of underwater sound waves, wherein the ultra-thin acoustic hypersurface is characterized in that: the first uniform medium (1), the second uniform medium (2), the third uniform medium (3), the fourth uniform medium (4), the fifth uniform medium (5), the sixth uniform medium (6), the seventh uniform medium (7) and the eighth uniform medium (8) form four units and four partition plates (9) which are bonded by an adhesive to form a period, the period width d is 4 (w+p), the bonding agent is used for bonding each period to form an acoustic super surface, and the acoustic super surface at least comprises 2 periods.
9. The ultra-thin acoustic hypersurface with a simple structure and capable of adjusting and controlling the reflection angle of underwater sound waves according to claim 1, wherein the ultra-thin acoustic hypersurface is characterized in that: the cross section shapes of the first uniform medium (1), the second uniform medium (2), the third uniform medium (3), the fourth uniform medium (4), the fifth uniform medium (5), the sixth uniform medium (6), the seventh uniform medium (7), the eighth uniform medium (8), the partition plate (9) and the bottom plate (10) are rectangular.
10. The ultra-thin acoustic hypersurface with a simple structure and capable of adjusting and controlling the reflection angle of underwater sound waves according to claim 1, wherein the ultra-thin acoustic hypersurface is characterized in that: the acoustic super surface can regulate and control sound waves with frequency f=5000 Hz, and the total height of the acoustic super surface is 0.1m.
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