CN116022636A - Lifting appliance - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hoisting, in particular to a lifting appliance, which comprises a main bearing rod, a telescopic rod and a first lifting rope, wherein one end of the main bearing rod is provided with a total lifting point; the number of the telescopic rods is multiple, the telescopic rods are circumferentially arranged on the main bearing rod, one end of each telescopic rod is hinged with the main bearing rod, the other end of each telescopic rod is provided with a branch lifting point, and the length of each telescopic rod is adjustable; the first lifting ropes are in one-to-one correspondence with the telescopic rods, one ends of the first lifting ropes are connected with one ends of the telescopic rods, which are far away from the main bearing rods, and the other ends of the first lifting ropes are connected with one ends of the main bearing rods, which are close to the total lifting points. When the lifting appliance is used, the main bearing rod, the telescopic rod and the first lifting rope form a stable triangular structure, when the lifting appliance faces to the heavy objects to be lifted of different sizes, the distance between the sub-lifting points located on the telescopic rod and the total lifting points located on the main bearing rod can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the telescopic rod, and the application range of the whole lifting appliance is enlarged.

Description

Lifting appliance

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of lifting, in particular to a lifting appliance.

Background

The satellite is taken as a main space spacecraft, is indispensible from the living density of people, particularly the development of commercial aerospace in China is very popular, the satellite is inevitably required to be hoisted and transported in the production and manufacturing processes, a crane is required to be used for hoisting the satellite in the two processes, the satellite is damaged in order to avoid the extra force generated by the inclination of a sling in the hoisting process, and the total hoisting point for connecting the sling with hoisting equipment is preferably positioned right above the satellite.

In order to meet the requirements, the conventional lifting tool generally adopts a cross lifting tool, and comprises two lifting beams which are mutually intersected, wherein four sub-lifting points of the cross lifting tool respectively correspond to four lifting lugs of a satellite, the distance between the sub-lifting points of the lifting tool is fixed, however, along with the diversification of satellite types, the number of the lifting tools matched with the satellite is increased, the satellite is used as a spacecraft with high cost, the batch yield is low, and most of the lifting tools are produced for one time, so that most of the lifting tools can only be used once, the universality is poor, and the lifting tool design is required to be carried out again according to the satellite types when other satellites are lifted, so that the waste of research and development funds and the increase of time cost are caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a lifting appliance with high applicability, which can be used for lifting satellites of various types.

To achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the lifting appliance comprises a main bearing rod, a telescopic rod and a first lifting rope, wherein one end of the main bearing rod is provided with a total lifting point; the number of the telescopic rods is multiple, the telescopic rods are circumferentially arranged on the main bearing rod, one end of each telescopic rod is hinged with the main bearing rod, the other end of each telescopic rod is provided with a branch lifting point, and the length of each telescopic rod is adjustable; the first lifting ropes are in one-to-one correspondence with the telescopic rods, one ends of the first lifting ropes are connected with one ends of the telescopic rods, which are far away from the main bearing rods, and the other ends of the first lifting ropes are connected with one ends of the main bearing rods, which are close to the total lifting points.

Optionally, a joint bearing is arranged at one end of the telescopic rod hinged with the main bearing rod.

Optionally, the telescopic rod comprises a sleeve and a screw rod screwed with the sleeve.

Optionally, the number of the sleeves is two, the sleeves are respectively positioned at two ends of the screw rod, and the directions of threads arranged at two ends of the screw rod are opposite.

Optionally, the middle part of the screw is a cylindrical section, and the cylindrical surface of the cylindrical section is provided with knurling.

Optionally, the cylindrical section is provided with a threaded hole in a radial direction.

Optionally, the first lifting rope is detachably connected with the telescopic rod and/or the first lifting rope is detachably connected with the main bearing rod.

Optionally, the telescoping rods are distributed along a circumferential array of the primary load carrying rods.

Optionally, the device further comprises a second lifting rope, and the second lifting rope is connected with the branch lifting points in a one-to-one correspondence manner.

Optionally, the second lifting rope is detachably connected with the sub-lifting point.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the lifting appliance comprises a main bearing rod, a telescopic rod and a first lifting rope, wherein the main bearing rod is arranged in a triangular mode, the telescopic rod is hinged to the main bearing rod, the length of the telescopic rod is adjusted, the distance between a split lifting point arranged at one end of the telescopic rod, far away from the main bearing rod, and a total lifting point on the main bearing rod can be adjusted, so that satellites of various models are adapted, and the application range of the lifting appliance is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a lifting appliance according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a lifting appliance structure after the length of a telescopic rod in the lifting appliance is changed according to the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a main bearing bar according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a telescopic rod according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction A-A in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a lifting rope according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of a shackle structure proposed in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic view illustrating swing of a telescopic rod according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, 1, a main bearing rod; 11. a first connection base; 12. a second connecting seat; 13. a third connecting seat; 2. a telescopic rod; 21. a sleeve; 22. a screw; 23. a knuckle bearing; 3. a first sling; 4. a second sling; 5. and (5) shackle.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting thereof. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only some, but not all of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings.

In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, as well as the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through additional features therebetween. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are orientation or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely for distinguishing between descriptions and not for distinguishing between them.

The lifting appliance is used for lifting a heavy object by matching with a lifting machine, and for the lifting appliance used for the heavy object which needs to be ensured not to be influenced by inclined external force in the lifting process, the lifting appliance generally comprises a total lifting point connected with the lifting machine and a plurality of sub-lifting points connected with the heavy object, the sizes of the heavy objects are different, and obviously, the horizontal spans between the sub-lifting points and the total lifting points of the required lifting appliance are also different. For example, when lifting satellites, lifting lug positions connected with lifting appliances are different, horizontal spans between required lifting appliance sub-lifting points and total lifting points are also different, so that when lifting satellites of different types, a production lifting appliance needs to be designed independently to meet the span requirements of the total lifting points and the sub-lifting points of the lifting satellites, and the lifting appliance has low recycling rate.

Based on the reasons, the invention provides the lifting appliance, the lifting beams forming the lifting appliance are of a structure with adjustable length, and the span between the total lifting point and the branch lifting point is adjusted by adjusting the length of the lifting beams, so that the use of different satellites is satisfied. It will be appreciated that the spreader may be used to hoist other weights in addition to satellites.

Typically, four lifting eyes are provided on the satellite and connected to the lifting device, and thus in one embodiment of the present invention, the lifting device includes four sub-lifting points. It will be appreciated that the spreader may also be provided with two sub-suspension points, three sub-suspension points or even more sub-suspension points.

Referring to fig. 1-8, the lifting appliance in this embodiment includes a main bearing rod 1, a first lifting rope 3 and a telescopic rod 2 with an adjustable length, where the main bearing rod 1 is used as a base member of the lifting appliance and is used for connecting with a lifting machine and as an installation base of other members of the lifting appliance, the main bearing rod 1 may be specifically configured as a hollow profile tube, so as to reduce the weight of the whole lifting appliance, and in order to implement the whole hanging of the lifting appliance, a total hanging point is designed at the top end of the main bearing rod 1 and is used for connecting with the lifting machine, and the total hanging point is configured as a first connecting seat 11, where the first connecting seat 11 is connected with the lifting machine through a pin. The main bearing rod 1 is provided with a second connecting seat 12 and a third connecting seat 13 along the length direction of the main bearing rod 1 at intervals, the first connecting seat 11, the second connecting seat 12 and the third connecting seat 13 are sequentially arranged, the second connecting seat 12 and the third connecting seat 13 are all four (specifically determined according to the number of the split hanging points) along the circumference of the main bearing rod 1, the second connecting seat 12 is used for being connected with the first hanging rope 3, the third connecting seat 13 is used for being connected with the telescopic rod 2, the two are connected through a pin shaft, meanwhile, one end of the first hanging rope 3, far away from the main bearing rod 1, is connected with one end of the telescopic rod 2, far away from the main bearing rod 1, of the telescopic rod 2 is used as a hanging beam of a hanging tool, and one end of the telescopic rod 2, far away from the main bearing rod 1, is provided with the split hanging points for being connected with a satellite to be hung. When the lifting appliance is lifted, a stable triangular structure is formed among the telescopic rod 2, the first lifting rope 3 and the main bearing rod 1, the main bearing rod 1 and the telescopic rod 2 bear pressure all the time, and the first lifting rope 3 bears tension.

When a satellite is lifted, the lengths of the first lifting rope 3 and the main bearing rod 1 are not required to be adjusted, the span between the sub-lifting points and the total lifting points (the span between the sub-lifting points which are oppositely arranged) is adjusted by adjusting the length of the telescopic rod 2, so that the application range of the lifting appliance is enlarged, the lifting of satellites of different types is realized, and when the lifting appliance is in a non-working state and needs to be stored or transported, the folding of the whole lifting appliance can be realized by shortening the length of the telescopic rod 2, so that the occupied space of the lifting appliance is reduced.

The first lifting rope 3 is detachably connected with the telescopic rod 2 and/or the first lifting rope 3 is detachably connected with the main bearing rod 1, so that the first lifting rope 3 is detached when the lifting appliance is folded, the telescopic rod 2 is rotated to be attached to the main bearing rod 1, and the occupied space of the lifting appliance is further reduced. Specifically, the end that first lifting rope 3 and telescopic link 2 are connected can adopt shackle 5 to be connected, and the flexible one end that is connected with first lifting rope 3 is provided with first connecting hole, installs shackle 5 in the first connecting hole, and shackle 5 is the structure that is commonly used in the industrial hoist and mount, does not regard as the restriction in this embodiment to adjust here, specifically can adopt bow shackle 5 or U type shackle 5, and the bolt on the shackle 5 can adopt from taking screw or nut form.

The telescopic link 2 can also be connected with the satellite by adopting the shackle 5 to facilitate the disassembly and the assembly and ensure the firmness of the telescopic link 2 and the satellite connection at the same time, and at the moment, the split hanging point is set as a second connecting hole. Specifically, the second connecting hole is arranged at one end of the telescopic rod 2 connected with the first lifting rope 3, the shackle 5 is also arranged in the second connecting hole, the shackle 5 is connected with the lifting lug on the satellite, and the detachable connection of the lifting appliance and the satellite is realized.

There are various representations of the telescopic rod 2 with adjustable length, for example, two or more sleeved loop bars can be arranged, and a limiting piece is inserted between adjacent loop bars to limit the length of the telescopic rod 2 after the length is adjusted. Referring to fig. 4 to 5, in this embodiment, in order to reduce the adjustment difficulty and improve the adjustment accuracy, the telescopic rod 2 includes a sleeve 21 and a screw 22 screwed with the sleeve 21, and the length of the telescopic rod 2 is adjusted by screwing the screw 22 or the sleeve 21. The two ends of the screw 22 are respectively provided with an orthodontic screw thread and an opposite screw thread with opposite directions, the screw pitches are the same, the number of the sleeves 21 is two, the screw comprises a first sleeve 21 and a second sleeve 21, the first sleeve 21 is positioned at one end of the screw 22, which is close to the main bearing rod 1, threads matched with the orthodontic screw thread of the screw 22 are arranged in the first sleeve 21 so as to realize the screw connection with the screw 22, one end of the first sleeve 21, which is far away from the screw 22, is provided with a third connecting hole for pin connection with the main bearing rod 1, the second sleeve 21 is positioned at one end of the screw 22, which is far away from the main bearing rod 1, threads matched with the opposite screw thread of the screw 22 are arranged in the second sleeve 21 so as to realize the screw connection with the screw 22, the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole are respectively arranged at one end of the second sleeve 21, which is far away from the screw 22, and are respectively used for being connected with the first lifting rope 3 and a satellite, and the bearing force of the shackle 5 can be properly selected according to the weight of a lifting object.

By suspending the screw 22, the length adjustment of the telescopic rod 2 can be achieved. In order to facilitate the suspension screwing of the screw rod 22, the middle part (between the positive thread and the negative thread) of the screw rod 22 is a cylindrical section, and the cylindrical surface of the cylindrical section is subjected to knurling treatment to increase the roughness of the cylindrical surface, so that the force application is facilitated. In addition, the cylindrical section can be provided with threaded holes along the radial direction, so that the cylindrical section is conveniently provided with a force application component for applying force. Of course, both threaded holes and knurling may be present in the cylindrical section.

It will be appreciated that the sleeve 21 may also be arranged between two screws 22, the two screws 22 being connected to the main load bar 1 and the first lifting rope 3, respectively, the length adjustment of the telescopic bar 2 being achieved by suspending the sleeve 21.

Most satellites can keep the same interval between adjacent lifting lugs as far as possible when the lifting lugs of the lifting appliance are arranged, so that a second connecting seat 12 used for connecting a first lifting rope 3 and a third connecting seat 13 used for connecting a second lifting rope 4 are arranged on a main bearing rod 1 of the lifting appliance and distributed along the circumferential array of the main bearing rod 1, and when a part of satellites are specifically arranged with the lifting lugs of the lifting appliance, the intervals between the adjacent lifting lugs can be different under the influence of the shape of the satellites or certain components forming the satellites. In order to make the hanging points correspond to the lifting lugs of the satellite one by one, the telescopic rod 2 can also swing left and right in a certain range by taking the third connecting seat 13 as an origin. For this purpose, a joint bearing 23 is arranged in a third connecting hole of the first sleeve 21 forming the telescopic rod 2, and the joint bearing 23 is sleeved on a pin shaft of the telescopic rod 2 hinged with the main bearing rod 1. The knuckle bearing 23 can swing around the sphere center by a certain angle, namely the telescopic rod 2 provided with the knuckle bearing 23 can swing in a certain range to correspond to the lifting lug on the satellite, so that the universality of the lifting appliance is further improved.

The lifting lug on the satellite is influenced by the shape of the satellite or certain components forming the satellite, a certain height difference possibly exists in the height when the lifting lug of the satellite is arranged, or the lifting lug is not on the same circumferential surface, in order to adapt to the two conditions, the lifting appliance further comprises a second lifting rope 4, the second lifting rope 4 is in one-to-one correspondence with the branch lifting points, one end of the second lifting rope 4 is connected with the branch lifting points, the other end of the second lifting rope is connected with the lifting lug of the satellite, the second lifting rope 4 is in a vertical and tensioned state in the lifting process, and the lengths of the second lifting ropes 4 connected with different branch lifting points are possibly different.

Meanwhile, a certain accommodating space can be formed between the lifting lug of the satellite and the sub-lifting point through the use of the second lifting rope 4, so that the main bearing rod 1 is prevented from colliding with the satellite.

The first lifting rope 3 and the second lifting rope 4 can both adopt a common eccentric lifting belt in industry, the inner material of the lifting belt is polypropylene, the outer sheath material is polyester, the lifting belt has the characteristics of tensile resistance and wear resistance, the lifting belt is not elastic, lifting eyes are respectively arranged at two ends of the lifting belt, one end of the lifting belt used for the first lifting rope 3 is connected with the second connecting seat 12 through a pin shaft, the other end of the lifting belt used for the second lifting rope 4 is connected with the first connecting hole through a shackle 5, one end of the lifting belt used for the second lifting rope 4 is connected with the second connecting hole through the shackle 5, and the other end of the lifting belt is connected with a lifting lug of a satellite through the shackle 5.

It is to be understood that the above examples of the present invention are provided for clarity of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments of the present invention. Various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the invention are desired to be protected by the following claims.

Claims (10)

1. The hoist, its characterized in that includes:

the main bearing rod (1), one end of the main bearing rod (1) is provided with a total hanging point;

the telescopic rods (2) are circumferentially arranged on the main bearing rod (1), one end of each telescopic rod (2) is hinged with the main bearing rod (1), a branch hanging point is arranged at the other end of each telescopic rod, and the length of each telescopic rod (2) is adjustable;

the telescopic lifting device comprises telescopic rods (2) and first lifting ropes (3) which are in one-to-one correspondence, wherein one ends of the first lifting ropes (3) are connected with one ends of the telescopic rods (2) away from the main bearing rods (1), and the other ends of the first lifting ropes are connected with one ends of the main bearing rods (1) close to the total lifting points.

2. The lifting appliance according to claim 1, characterized in that the end of the telescopic rod (2) hinged to the main load-carrying rod (1) is provided with a knuckle bearing (23).

3. The spreader of claim 2, wherein the telescopic rod (2) comprises a sleeve (21) and a screw (22) screwed with the sleeve (21).

4. A spreader according to claim 3, characterized in that the number of sleeves (21) is two, each at both ends of the screw (22), the screw threads at both ends of the screw (22) being provided in opposite directions.

5. The spreader of claim 4, wherein the middle of the screw (22) is a cylindrical section, and the cylindrical surface of the cylindrical section is provided with knurling.

6. The spreader of claim 5, wherein the cylindrical section is radially threaded.

7. The spreader of any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that the connection between the first lifting rope (3) and the telescopic rod (2) and/or between the first lifting rope (3) and the main load-carrying rod (1) is detachable.

8. The spreader according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that the telescopic rods (2) are distributed along a circumferential array of the main load carrying rods (1).

9. The spreader of any one of claims 1-6, further comprising a second lifting rope (4), said second lifting rope (4) being connected in one-to-one correspondence with said sub-lifting points.

10. The spreader of claim 9, wherein the second lifting rope (4) is detachably connected to the split lifting point.

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