CN116020894A - Equal-channel double-corner variable-diameter extrusion forming die and process for annular cylindrical part - Google Patents
Equal-channel double-corner variable-diameter extrusion forming die and process for annular cylindrical part Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A ring barrel-shaped part equal-channel double-corner variable-diameter extrusion forming die and process belong to the technical field of ring barrel-shaped part extrusion forming, and solve the technical problems of large deformation load, limited deformation, uneven deformation and the like of the traditional forward extrusion process of a thick-wall ring barrel-shaped part, and the solution is as follows: the die is arranged above the die holder, a die hole is formed in the center position penetrating through the die and the die holder, the core die is arranged in the die hole, an annular gap between the upper part of the core die and the die hole of the die is a variable-diameter forming channel, and an annular gap between the core die and the die hole of the die holder is a straight-wall extrusion channel; the mandrel is arranged above the mandrel, the extrusion cylinder is arranged above the female die, and an annular gap between the mandrel and the extrusion cylinder is a straight-wall extrusion channel; the straight wall extrusion channel, the reducing forming channel and the straight wall extrusion channel are sequentially connected from top to bottom to form an extrusion forming channel; the invention also provides a double-corner variable-diameter extrusion forming process for the equal-channel annular cylindrical part, which can realize extrusion forming of the thick-wall annular cylindrical part.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of extrusion forming of annular cylindrical parts, and particularly relates to an equal-channel double-corner variable-diameter extrusion forming die and process of an annular cylindrical part.
Background
The hollow product may be formed through extrusion to form metal with strong three-way pressure stress in the deformation area, raised plastic deformation capacity and improved grain structure. However, for thick-wall annular forgings, particularly forgings made of difficult-to-deform alloy materials, large deformation resistance is difficult to realize large forging ratio forming, single-pass extrusion deformation is limited by extrusion ratio, and deformation is uneven along the wall thickness direction after extrusion, so that grain structures and performance distribution are uneven. Along with rapid development of technology, the manufacturing technology of large-scale extrusion equipment is continuously improved, so that along with the manufacturing and production and use of a large-scale extruder, the adoption of extrusion forming for a thick-wall annular cylindrical part, the realization of integration of extrusion product shape control/controllability and the like become the problems to be solved urgently.
The principle of the equal channel angular extrusion process is that the blank passes through equal section extrusion channels with two axes intersecting at a certain angle under the action of extrusion force, the metal material generates approximately ideal pure shearing deformation at the angular position, the section shape and area of forgings are not changed before and after extrusion, and the deformation is uniform along the section wall thickness direction. The equal channel angular extrusion process is mainly used for forming solid blanks, and has not been reported for forming large hollow forgings or profiles.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art and solve the technical problems that the deformation resistance is large, the deformation amount is limited, the macroscopic deformation and the microstructure uniformity are not easy to control in the traditional forward extrusion forming process of the thick-wall annular cylindrical forging, the invention provides the equal-channel double-corner variable-diameter extrusion forming die and the process for the annular cylindrical part, the prepared equal-thickness annular cylindrical part is uniform in plastic deformation and fine and uniform in grain, and the short-flow production of the equal-thickness annular cylindrical part can be realized.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is realized according to the following technical scheme:
the invention is realized according to the following technical scheme.
The utility model provides a two corner reducing extrusion forming mould of ring cylindric part equal channel, it includes dabber, recipient, mandrel, die holder, drift clamp plate and extrusion drift, extrusion drift sets up to the annular, and the fixed top that sets up in extrusion drift of drift clamp plate, wherein:
the die base is provided with a die, an extrusion cylinder is arranged above the die base, the center of the die base is provided with a die base die hole, the center of the die is provided with a die cavity, the core die penetrates through the die base die hole and the die cavity, and the core shaft is arranged above the core die;
the annular gap between the outer wall of the mandrel and the inner wall of the extrusion cylinder is defined as a straight-wall extrusion channel I, and the extrusion punch is inserted into the straight-wall extrusion channel I; the annular gap between the upper part of the outer wall of the core mold and the wall of the die hole of the female mold is defined as a variable-diameter forming channel II, the annular gap between the lower part of the outer wall of the core mold and the wall of the die hole of the die holder is defined as a straight wall extrusion channel III, the straight wall extrusion channel I, the variable-diameter forming channel II and the straight wall extrusion channel III are sequentially connected from top to bottom to form an extrusion forming channel, and the extrusion forming channel is a revolving structure;
in a longitudinal section view of the variable-diameter forming channel II, the variable-diameter forming channel II comprises an upper-section straight-wall connecting channel II-1, a middle-section straight-wall connecting channel II-2 and a lower-section straight-wall connecting channel II-3, wherein the upper-section straight-wall connecting channel II-1 and the lower-section straight-wall connecting channel II-3 are arranged along the vertical direction, the middle-section straight-wall connecting channel II-2 is obliquely inwards or outwards, the upper-section straight-wall connecting channel II-1 and the lower-section straight-wall connecting channel II-3 are connected through the middle-section straight-wall connecting channel II-2, and the channel widths of the upper-section straight-wall connecting channel II-1, the middle-section straight-wall connecting channel II-2, the lower-section straight-wall connecting channel II-3, the straight-wall extrusion channel I and the straight-wall extrusion channel III are all H;
the upper straight wall connecting channel II-1 is in transitional connection with the middle straight wall connecting channel II-2 through a PDZ1 corner deformation zone, the middle straight wall connecting channel II-2 is in transitional connection with the lower straight wall connecting channel II-3 through a PDZ2 corner deformation zone, and the PDZ1 corner deformation zone and the PDZ2 corner deformation zone are identical in shape and size and are symmetrically arranged about the center;
in the PDZ1 corner deformation zone, an included angle between the upper straight wall connecting channel II-1 and the middle straight wall connecting channel II-2, which is positioned at the inner side of the revolving body, is an inner angle phi, the side walls of the channels at the two sides of the inner angle phi are in arc transition connection, and an inflection point of the inner angle phi is set as a coordinate origin O;
the upper straight wall connecting channel II-1 and the middle straight wall connecting channel II-2 are positioned outside the revolving body and are in transitional connection through an arc BC, the upper straight wall connecting channel II-1 and the middle straight wall connecting channel II-2 are tangent to the corresponding end points of the two ends of the arc BC, the central angle and the inner angle phi of the arc BC are complementary angles, the acute included angle formed by the connecting line of the end points of the two ends of the arc BC and the origin of coordinates O is an external angle phi, the radius of the arc BC is R,
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the hollow blank to be formed is annular or cylindrical, the hollow blank is placed into the extrusion forming channel from the straight wall extrusion channel I, an extrusion backing ring is arranged between the extrusion punch and the hollow blank in the straight wall extrusion channel I, and the press machine drives the extrusion punch to carry out diameter-reducing extrusion forming or diameter-expanding extrusion forming on the hollow blank from top to bottom in the extrusion forming channel through the punch pressing plate.
Further, the value range of the inner angle phi is 105-150 degrees, and the value range of the radius R of the arc BC is 30-175 mm.
Further, when the channel width H is 175mm, the wall thickness of the hollow blank is 160-165 mm.
Further, when the reducing forming channel is a reducing forming channel, the longitudinal section of the mandrel is T-shaped, and the diameter of the upper part of the extruding forming channel is larger than that of the lower part; when the variable-diameter forming channel is an expanding forming channel, the longitudinal section of the mandrel is arranged in a shape of a convex, and the diameter of the upper part of the extrusion forming channel is smaller than that of the lower part.
Further, a bump is arranged on the lower end face of the mandrel, and a groove matched with the bump is arranged on the upper end face of the mandrel.
Further, the upper end face of the female die is provided with a male spigot, the lower end face of the extrusion barrel is provided with a female spigot, and the male spigot is matched with the female spigot.
Further, the mandrel, the extrusion cylinder, the mandrel, the female die, the die holder and the extrusion punch are made of H13 hot-work die steel or 4Cr5MoSiVi hot-work die steel, and the hardness is 60 HRC-64 HRC.
The equal-channel double-corner variable-diameter extrusion forming process for the annular cylindrical part by adopting the die comprises the following steps of:
s1, spraying lubricant on each forming surface corresponding to the extrusion forming channel, and then assembling a mandrel, an extrusion cylinder, a mandrel and a female die to enable the extrusion forming channel to be in an axisymmetric state;
s2, preparing an annular or cylindrical hollow blank to be formed, spraying lubricant on the inner wall and the outer wall of the hollow blank, then placing the hollow blank into a straight wall extrusion channel I, and placing an extrusion backing ring above the hollow blank;
s3, placing an extrusion punch above the extrusion backing ring, applying force to the extrusion punch through a punch pressing plate by using pressure equipment, and extruding a hollow blank through the extrusion backing ring from top to bottom through a straight wall extrusion channel I, a variable diameter forming channel II and a straight wall extrusion channel III in sequence, wherein the hollow blank is subjected to equal-wall-thickness double-corner hot extrusion;
s4, cutting off the head and the tail after extrusion, and finishing the product to the required size after heat treatment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the equal-channel double-corner variable-diameter extrusion forming die and the process for the annular cylindrical part have the advantages of traditional forward extrusion and equal-channel corner extrusion, realize single-pass large deformation and uniform deformation of the hollow blank through the double-corner and equal-channel variable-diameter structure of the extrusion forming channel in the extrusion forming die under the condition of basically not changing the wall thickness of the hollow blank, obtain the annular cylindrical part with regular shape and uniform organization performance, realize short-flow and high-quality forming manufacture of the annular cylindrical part, reduce the forming manufacturing cost of the annular cylindrical part, and meet the requirements of the technical fields of nuclear power, thermal power, petrochemical industry and the like on the annular cylindrical part. Because the annular cylindrical hollow billet is directly subjected to hot extrusion, the process flows of heating, upsetting, punching and the like for many times are omitted, the production cost of materials, energy sources, manpower and the like is reduced by about 15% -30%, and the forming and manufacturing efficiency of Gao Huan cylindrical parts is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a cross-sectional front view of an extrusion barrel, a die and a die holder assembly in accordance with embodiment 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a cross-sectional front view of the mandrel, extrusion barrel, mandrel, die and die holder assembly in example 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic cross-sectional front view of a two-corner reducing extrusion die for a cylindrical part in embodiment 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the partial enlarged structure of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a cross-sectional front view of an extrusion barrel, a die and a die holder assembly in accordance with example 2;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a cross-sectional front view of the mandrel, extrusion barrel, mandrel, die and die holder assembly of example 2;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic cross-sectional front view of a two-corner reducing (expanding) extrusion die for a cylindrical part in embodiment 2;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of simple shear deformation of the corner deformation zone during extrusion in examples 1 and 2.
In the figure, a mandrel is 1, an extrusion cylinder is 2, a mandrel is 3, a die is 4, a die holder is 5, a punch pressing plate is 6, an extrusion punch is 7, an extrusion backing ring is 8, and a hollow blank is 9; i is a straight wall extrusion channel, II is a reducing forming channel, II-1 is an upper straight wall connecting channel, II-2 is a middle straight wall connecting channel, II-3 is a lower straight wall connecting channel, and III is a straight wall extrusion channel.
Detailed Description
The following examples are illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Unless otherwise indicated, the examples were all under conventional experimental conditions. In addition, various modifications or improvements in the materials ingredients and amounts used in these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Example 1
The equal-channel double-corner variable-diameter (reducing) extrusion forming die for the annular cylindrical part shown in fig. 1 to 4 comprises a mandrel 1, an extrusion cylinder 2, a mandrel 3, a female die 4, a die holder 5, a punch pressing plate 6 and an extrusion punch 7, wherein the mandrel 1, the extrusion cylinder 2, the mandrel 3, the female die 4, the die holder 5 and the extrusion punch 7 are made of 4Cr5MoSiVi hot work die steel, and the hardness is 64HRC; the extrusion punch 7 is set to be annular, and the punch platen 6 is fixedly arranged above the extrusion punch 7, wherein:
a female die 4 is arranged above the die holder 5, an extrusion cylinder 2 is arranged above the female die 4, a die holder die hole 10 is arranged at the center of the die holder 5, a female die hole 11 is arranged at the center of the female die 4, a core die 3 penetrates through the die holder die hole 10 and the female die hole 11, and a core shaft 1 is arranged above the core die 3;
the annular gap between the outer wall of the mandrel 1 and the inner wall of the extrusion barrel 2 is defined as a straight-wall extrusion channel I, and the extrusion punch 7 is inserted into the straight-wall extrusion channel I; the annular gap between the upper part of the outer wall of the core mold 3 and the wall of the die hole 11 is defined as a variable-diameter forming channel II, the annular gap between the lower part of the outer wall of the core mold 3 and the wall of the die holder hole 10 is defined as a straight-wall extrusion channel III, the straight-wall extrusion channel I, the variable-diameter forming channel II and the straight-wall extrusion channel III are sequentially connected from top to bottom to form an extrusion forming channel, and the extrusion forming channel is a revolving structure;
as shown in fig. 4, in the longitudinal sectional view of the variable-diameter forming passage ii, the variable-diameter forming passage ii includes an upper-stage straight-wall connecting passage ii-1, a middle-stage straight-wall connecting passage ii-2, and a lower-stage straight-wall connecting passage ii-3, the upper-stage straight-wall connecting passage ii-1 and the lower-stage straight-wall connecting passage ii-3 are all disposed in the vertical direction, the middle-stage straight-wall connecting passage ii-2 is disposed obliquely inward, that is, the longitudinal section of the mandrel 3 is disposed in a T-shape, the diameter of the upper portion of the extrusion forming passage is larger than the diameter of the lower portion, the upper-stage straight-wall connecting passage ii-1 and the lower-stage straight-wall connecting passage ii-3 are connected by the middle-stage straight-wall connecting passage ii-2, and the upper-stage straight-wall connecting passage ii-1, the lower-stage straight-wall connecting passage ii-3, the straight-wall extrusion passage i, and the straight-wall extrusion passage iii have passage widths H, h=175 mm;
the upper straight wall connecting channel II-1 is in transitional connection with the middle straight wall connecting channel II-2 through a PDZ1 corner deformation zone, the middle straight wall connecting channel II-2 is in transitional connection with the lower straight wall connecting channel II-3 through a PDZ2 corner deformation zone, and the PDZ1 corner deformation zone and the PDZ2 corner deformation zone are identical in shape and size and are symmetrically arranged about the center;
in the PDZ1 corner deformation zone, an included angle between the upper straight wall connecting channel II-1 and the middle straight wall connecting channel II-2, which is positioned at the inner side of the revolving body, is an inner angle phi, the side walls of the channels at the two sides of the inner angle phi are in arc transition connection, and an inflection point of the inner angle phi is set as a coordinate origin O;
the upper straight wall connecting channel II-1 and the middle straight wall connecting channel II-2 are positioned outside the revolving body and are in transitional connection through an arc BC, the upper straight wall connecting channel II-1 and the middle straight wall connecting channel II-2 are tangent to the corresponding end points of the two ends of the arc BC, the central angle and the inner angle phi of the arc BC are complementary angles, the acute included angle formed by the connecting line of the end points of the two ends of the arc BC and the origin of coordinates O is an external angle phi, the radius of the arc BC is R,
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the hollow blank 9 to be formed is annular or cylindrical, the hollow blank 9 is put into an extrusion forming channel from a straight wall extrusion channel I, an extrusion backing ring 8 is arranged between an extrusion punch 7 and the hollow blank 9 in the straight wall extrusion channel I, and a press machine drives the extrusion punch 7 through a punch pressing plate 6 to carry out diameter-reducing extrusion forming or diameter-expanding extrusion forming on the hollow blank 9 from top to bottom in the extrusion forming channel.
Further, the value range of the inner angle phi is 105-150 degrees, and the value range of the radius R of the arc BC is 30-175 mm.
Further, when the channel width H is 175mm, the wall thickness of the hollow blank 9 is 160-165 mm.
Further, when the reducing forming channel is a reducing forming channel, the longitudinal section of the mandrel 3 is provided with a T shape, and the diameter of the upper part of the extruding forming channel is larger than that of the lower part; when the variable-diameter forming channel is an expanded-diameter forming channel, the longitudinal section of the mandrel 3 is arranged in a convex shape, and the diameter of the upper part of the extrusion forming channel is smaller than that of the lower part.
Further, a bump is arranged on the lower end face of the mandrel 1, and a groove matched with the bump is arranged on the upper end face of the mandrel 3.
Further, a male spigot is arranged on the upper end face of the female die 4, a female spigot is arranged on the lower end face of the extrusion barrel 2, and the male spigot is matched with the female spigot.
Further, the mandrel 1, the extrusion cylinder 2, the mandrel 3, the die 4, the die holder 5 and the extrusion punch 7 are made of H13 hot work die steel or 4Cr5MoSiVi hot work die steel, and the hardness is 60-64 HRC.
The equal-channel double-corner variable-diameter extrusion forming process for the annular cylindrical part by adopting the die comprises the following steps of:
s1, spraying a lubricant on each forming surface corresponding to an extrusion forming channel, wherein the lubricant is glass powder lubricant, and then assembling a mandrel 1, an extrusion cylinder 2, a mandrel 3 and a female die 4 to enable the extrusion forming channel to be in an axisymmetric state;
s2, preparing a hollow blank 9 to be formed, wherein the hollow blank 9 to be formed in the embodiment 1 is a cylindrical hollow blank, and the dimensions of the hollow blank 9 are as follows: the outer diameter is 1428mm, the inner diameter is 1082mm, the height is 1000mm, the thickness is 173mm, the lubricant is sprayed on the inner wall and the outer wall of the hollow blank 9, then the hollow blank is put into the straight wall extrusion channel I, and the extrusion backing ring 8 is placed above the blank 9;
s3, placing an extrusion punch 7 above an extrusion backing ring 8, applying force to the extrusion punch 7 through a punch pressing plate 6 by using pressure equipment (an extruder or a free forging hydraulic press), and extruding a blank 9 through the extrusion backing ring 8 by the extrusion punch 7 from top to bottom through a straight wall extrusion channel I, a variable-diameter forming channel II and a straight wall extrusion channel III in sequence, wherein the hollow blank 9 is subjected to equal-channel double-corner extrusion; the extrusion size of the hollow blank 9 after the diameter expansion in the embodiment 1 is as follows: the outer diameter is 1030mm, and the inner diameter is 680mm;
s4, cutting off the head and the tail after extrusion, and finishing the product to the required size after heat treatment.
Example 2
The difference between the present embodiment 2 and the embodiment 1 is only that the two-corner variable diameter (expanded diameter) extrusion die for the equal channel of the annular cylindrical part shown in fig. 5 to 7: the middle straight wall connecting channel II-2 is arranged obliquely outwards, namely the longitudinal section of the mandrel 3 is arranged in a convex shape, the diameter of the upper part of the extrusion forming channel is smaller than that of the lower part, and the rest is the same as that of the embodiment 1, and the description is omitted here.
The dimension and the forming process of the annular hollow blank 9 to be formed in the embodiment 2 are the same as those in the embodiment 1, and are not described here. The dimensions of the extrusion piece of the ring-shaped cylindrical hollow blank 9 to be formed after the diameter expansion in the embodiment 2 are as follows: the outer diameter is 1830mm and the inner diameter is 1480mm.
As is clear from examples 1 and 2, the two-pass angular-variable extrusion deformation of the annular cylindrical member and the like is two simple shear deformations and one circumferential compression or tension deformation in an axisymmetric state, the metal on the meridian plane moves only in the plane under the action of the hollow punch, and there is no displacement in the circumferential direction, so that the metal mainly undergoes simple shear deformation in the PDZ1 angular deformation region and the PDZ2 angular deformation region, and the radial shrinkage circumferential compression deformation or the radial expansion circumferential tension deformation and the radial shrinkage axial elongation or the radial expansion axial shortening deformation caused thereby occur in the straight wall passage between the two angular deformation regions.
In examples 1 and 2, as shown in FIG. 8, the flow rate of the catalyst is represented by a 0 、b 0 、c 0 、d 0 The four nodes are sequentially connected in a counter-clockwise direction to form a unit grid, and axisymmetric simple shear deformation is considered as follows: adjacent two nodes b with the same axial height before extrusion on meridian plane 0 And c 0 (or equivalently a 0 And d 0 ) Rotation and relative sliding occur in the passage after passing through the corner deformation region, i.e. the relative displacement of the two nodes in the width direction of the passage is unchanged (b 0 c 0 =q 1 c 1 ) The relative displacement b only occurs in a direction perpendicular to the width of the channel 1 q 1 The shearing angle 90-beta of the unit grids where the adjacent two nodes are located is changed, and then the adjacent two nodes are considered to beFor simple shear strain γ=cotβ=b 1 q 1 /q 1 c 1 Namely, after axisymmetric simple shear deformation, the unit grid is formed by a 1 、b 1 、c 1 、d 1 The four nodes are sequentially connected in a counter-clockwise direction. In the reducing deformation zone between the two corner deformation zones, the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the extrusion piece are correspondingly reduced or increased in the transition section, but the thickness is unchanged, so the reducing deformation can be approximately regarded as circumferential compression or stretching deformation, and the axial extension and the axial shortening caused by the circumferential compression or stretching deformation can be approximately regarded as circumferential compression or stretching deformation, and the simple shearing deformation in the two corner deformation zones has different effects.
The cylindrical blank is mainly subjected to twice shearing deformation in extrusion, the circumferential deformation can be controlled and reduced as much as possible, and the extrusion piece can be subjected to large plastic deformation and the strain distribution in the wall thickness direction is uniform after extrusion.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions easily contemplated by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a two corner reducing extrusion forming mould of ring cylindric part equal channel, it includes dabber (1), extrusion section of thick bamboo (2), mandrel (3), die (4), die holder (5), drift clamp plate (6) and extrusion drift (7), extrusion drift (7) set up to the annular, and drift clamp plate (6) are fixed to be set up in the top of extrusion drift (7), its characterized in that:
a female die (4) is arranged above the die holder (5), an extrusion cylinder (2) is arranged above the female die (4), a die holder die hole (10) is formed in the center of the die holder (5), a female die hole (11) is formed in the center of the female die (4), a core die (3) penetrates through the die holder die hole (10) and the female die hole (11), and a core shaft (1) is arranged above the core die (3);
the annular gap between the outer wall of the mandrel (1) and the inner wall of the extrusion barrel (2) is defined as a straight-wall extrusion channel (I), and the extrusion punch (7) is inserted into the straight-wall extrusion channel (I); the annular gap between the upper part of the outer wall of the core mold (3) and the hole wall of the die hole (11) of the female mold is defined as a variable-diameter forming channel (II), the annular gap between the lower part of the outer wall of the core mold (3) and the hole wall of the die hole (10) of the die holder is defined as a straight-wall extrusion channel (III), the straight-wall extrusion channel (I), the variable-diameter forming channel (II) and the straight-wall extrusion channel (III) are sequentially connected from top to bottom to form an extrusion forming channel, and the extrusion forming channel is of a revolving structure;
in a longitudinal sectional view of the variable-diameter forming passage (II), the variable-diameter forming passage (II) comprises an upper-section straight-wall connecting passage (II-1), a middle-section straight-wall connecting passage (II-2) and a lower-section straight-wall connecting passage (II-3), wherein the upper-section straight-wall connecting passage (II-1) and the lower-section straight-wall connecting passage (II-3) are arranged along a vertical direction, the middle-section straight-wall connecting passage (II-2) is obliquely inwards or outwards, the upper-section straight-wall connecting passage (II-1) and the lower-section straight-wall connecting passage (II-3) are connected through the middle-section straight-wall connecting passage (II-2), and the upper-section straight-wall connecting passage (II-1), the middle-section straight-wall connecting passage (II-2), the lower-section straight-wall connecting passage (II-3), the extrusion passage (I) and the extrusion passage (III) have the channel width H;
the upper straight wall connecting channel (II-1) is in transitional connection with the middle straight wall connecting channel (II-2) through a PDZ1 corner deformation zone, the middle straight wall connecting channel (II-2) is in transitional connection with the lower straight wall connecting channel (II-3) through a PDZ2 corner deformation zone, and the PDZ1 corner deformation zone and the PDZ2 corner deformation zone are identical in shape and size and are symmetrically arranged about the center;
in the PDZ1 corner deformation zone, an included angle between the upper straight wall connecting channel (II-1) and the middle straight wall connecting channel (II-2) at the inner side of the revolving body is an inner angle phi, the side wall circular arcs of the channels at the two sides of the inner angle phi are in transitional connection, and an inflection point of the inner angle phi is set as a coordinate origin O;
an upper straight wall connecting passage (II-1) and a middle straight wall connecting passage (II-2)The two ends of the upper straight wall connecting channel (II-1) and the middle straight wall connecting channel (II-2) are tangent to the corresponding end points of the two ends of the arc BC, the central angle and the inner angle phi of the arc BC are complementary angles, the acute included angle formed by the connecting line of the end points of the two ends of the arc BC and the origin of coordinates O is an external angle phi, the radius of the arc BC is R,
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the hollow blank (9) to be formed is annular or cylindrical, the hollow blank (9) is put into the extrusion forming channel through a straight wall extrusion channel (I), an extrusion backing ring (8) is arranged between the extrusion punch (7) and the hollow blank (9) in the straight wall extrusion channel (I), and a press machine drives the extrusion punch (7) through a punch pressing plate (6) to carry out diameter-reducing extrusion forming or diameter-expanding extrusion forming on the hollow blank (9) in the extrusion forming channel from top to bottom.
2. The equal-channel double-corner variable-diameter extrusion die for a cylindrical part according to claim 1, wherein: the value range of the inner angle phi is 105-150 degrees, and the value range of the radius R of the arc BC is 30-175 mm.
3. The equal-channel double-corner variable-diameter extrusion die for a cylindrical part according to claim 1, wherein: when the channel width H is 175mm, the wall thickness of the hollow blank (9) is 160-165 mm.
4. The equal-channel double-corner variable-diameter extrusion die for a cylindrical part according to claim 1, wherein: when the reducing forming channel is a reducing forming channel, the longitudinal section of the mandrel (3) is T-shaped, and the diameter of the upper part of the extrusion forming channel is larger than that of the lower part; when the variable-diameter forming channel is an expanding forming channel, the longitudinal section of the mandrel (3) is in a shape of a convex shape, and the diameter of the upper part of the extrusion forming channel is smaller than that of the lower part.
5. The equal-channel double-corner variable-diameter extrusion die for a cylindrical part according to claim 1, wherein: the lower end face of the mandrel (1) is provided with a bump, and the upper end face of the mandrel (3) is provided with a groove matched with the bump.
6. The equal-channel double-corner variable-diameter extrusion die for a cylindrical part according to claim 1, wherein: the upper end face of the female die (4) is provided with a male spigot, the lower end face of the extrusion barrel (2) is provided with a female spigot, and the male spigot is matched with the female spigot.
7. The equal-channel double-corner variable-diameter extrusion die for a cylindrical part according to claim 1, wherein: the mandrel (1), the extrusion cylinder (2), the mandrel (3), the female die (4), the die holder (5) and the extrusion punch (7) are made of H13 hot work die steel or 4Cr5MoSiVi hot work die steel, and the hardness is 60-64 HRC.
8. A two-corner variable diameter extrusion process for a cylindrical part with equal channel using the die of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1, spraying lubricant on each forming surface corresponding to an extrusion forming channel, and then assembling a mandrel (1), an extrusion cylinder (2), a mandrel (3) and a female die (4) to enable the extrusion forming channel to be in an axisymmetric state;
s2, preparing an annular or cylindrical hollow blank (9) to be formed, spraying lubricant on the inner wall and the outer wall of the hollow blank (9), then placing the hollow blank into a straight wall extrusion channel (I), and placing an extrusion backing ring (8) above the hollow blank (9);
s3, placing an extrusion punch (7) above an extrusion backing ring (8), applying force to the extrusion punch (7) through a punch pressing plate (6) by using pressure equipment, extruding a hollow blank (9) through the extrusion backing ring (8) from top to bottom through a straight wall extrusion channel (I), a variable-diameter forming channel (II) and a straight wall extrusion channel (III), and carrying out equal-channel double-corner extrusion on the hollow blank (9);
s4, cutting off the head and the tail after extrusion, and finishing the product to the required size after heat treatment.
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| CN202310315445.8A CN116020894A (en) | 2023-03-29 | 2023-03-29 | Equal-channel double-corner variable-diameter extrusion forming die and process for annular cylindrical part |
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| CN202310315445.8A CN116020894A (en) | 2023-03-29 | 2023-03-29 | Equal-channel double-corner variable-diameter extrusion forming die and process for annular cylindrical part |
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