CN116018996A - Vegetable strong seedling raising substrate - Google Patents
Vegetable strong seedling raising substrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN116018996A CN116018996A CN202211397873.1A CN202211397873A CN116018996A CN 116018996 A CN116018996 A CN 116018996A CN 202211397873 A CN202211397873 A CN 202211397873A CN 116018996 A CN116018996 A CN 116018996A
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- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001877 deodorizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005794 Hymexazol Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005821 Propamocarb Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- KGVPNLBXJKTABS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hymexazol Chemical compound CC1=CC(O)=NO1 KGVPNLBXJKTABS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- WZZLDXDUQPOXNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N propamocarb Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)NCCCN(C)C WZZLDXDUQPOXNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005807 Metalaxyl Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011132 calcium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- ZQEIXNIJLIKNTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-N-(methoxyacetyl)alaninate Chemical compound COCC(=O)N(C(C)C(=O)OC)C1=C(C)C=CC=C1C ZQEIXNIJLIKNTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000016804 zinc Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000000022 bacteriostatic agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 244000053095 fungal pathogen Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 7
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000002566 Capsicum Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000007688 Lycopersicon esculentum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000006002 Pepper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000722363 Piper Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000016761 Piper aduncum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000017804 Piper guineense Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000008184 Piper nigrum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000003768 Solanum lycopersicum Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 240000008574 Capsicum frutescens Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000758706 Piperaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001390 capsicum minimum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a vegetable strong seedling raising substrate which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100-120 parts of soil mixture, 20-25 parts of biological organic fertilizer, 5-8 parts of chemical fertilizer, 3-6 parts of bacteriostat and 2-7 parts of humic acid; the bio-organic fertilizer and the chemical fertilizer are added into the soil mixture after co-fermentation. The soil mixture comprises vegetable garden soil, peat and fine sand, and the ratio of the vegetable garden soil to the peat to the fine sand is 9:1-3:1-2. The vegetable garden soil, peat and fine sand are adopted as main components of the matrix, and compared with single vegetable garden soil, the three components are mixed to prevent nutrition loss and ensure the bulkiness of the matrix. The bacteriostatic agent in the scheme can effectively inhibit the normal growth of pathogenic fungi mycelium, promote plant growth, promote root growth of crop roots and improve the survival rate of seedling. The biological organic fertilizer and the chemical fertilizer are added into the matrix after co-fermentation, so that the nutrient components of the matrix are ensured to be sufficient, and trace elements and mineral substances required in the growth process of seedlings are supplemented.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vegetable seedling raising, in particular to a vegetable strong seedling raising matrix.
Background
The rapid development of the vegetable seedling industry in China, the requirement of modern large-scale vegetable production on high-quality seedlings cannot be met by traditional workshop type seedling culture, and development and application of soilless substrate industrial seedling culture technology become an important grip for promoting sustainable healthy development of the vegetable seedling industry in China, wherein turf substrates are developed in a long-term way in the cultivation of strong seedlings of various vegetables. However, the problems of resource waste caused by irreproducibility of turf and short duration of fertilizer and water are promoted to develop a novel vegetable seedling substrate by utilizing agricultural wastes with the advantages of wide sources, reproducibility, low price and the like.
The existing vegetable seedling raising and strengthening matrix lacks antibacterial components, so that the germination rate and survival rate of the vegetables are low due to the breeding of bacteria, and meanwhile, nutrients in the matrix are lost more in use, so that the vegetable seedling raising and strengthening matrix is not beneficial to recycling.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a vegetable strong seedling substrate for solving the technical problems in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention provides a vegetable strong seedling substrate, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100-120 parts of soil mixture, 20-25 parts of biological organic fertilizer, 5-8 parts of chemical fertilizer, 3-6 parts of bacteriostat and 2-7 parts of humic acid; the bio-organic fertilizer and the chemical fertilizer are added into the soil mixture after co-fermentation.
The soil mixture comprises vegetable garden soil, peat and fine sand, and the ratio of the vegetable garden soil to the peat to the fine sand is 9:1-3:1-2.
In a preferred embodiment, the bio-organic fertilizer comprises one or more of chicken manure, plant straw, cake, agricultural by-products.
In a preferred embodiment, the chemical fertilizer comprises one or more of quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate, calcium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, zinc fertilizer, boron fertilizer, sulfur.
In a preferred embodiment, the process of co-fermenting the bio-organic fertilizer and the chemical fertilizer is: adding chemical fertilizer into biological organic fertilizer, mixing biological bacteria with brown sugar, dispersing with water, spraying onto the mixed materials, stacking, fermenting for 20-35 days, and deodorizing.
In a preferred embodiment, the ratio of the biological bacteria, brown sugar and water is 1:5-8:80-90.
In a preferred embodiment, the bacteriostatic agent comprises one or more of hymexazol, propamocarb, metalaxyl, and dixone.
The technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the vegetable garden soil, peat and fine sand are adopted as main components of the matrix, and compared with single vegetable garden soil, the three components are mixed to prevent nutrition loss and ensure the bulkiness of the matrix. The bacteriostatic agent in the scheme can effectively inhibit the normal growth of pathogenic fungus mycelium or directly kill germs, promote plant growth, promote root growth and seedling strengthening of crop roots, promote growth and development, and improve the survival rate of seedling. The biological organic fertilizer and the chemical fertilizer are added into the matrix after co-fermentation, so that the nutrient components of the matrix are ensured to be sufficient, the microelements and the mineral matters required in the growth process of the seedlings are supplemented, and meanwhile, the insect damage is reduced.
Meanwhile, seedlings cultivated by the substrate of the scheme are all due to other substrates in the market in terms of germination rate, plant height, root thickness and total leaf area.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the invention in the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the invention for various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.
Example 1
The technical scheme of the invention provides a vegetable strong seedling substrate, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of soil mixture, 20 parts of biological organic fertilizer, 5 parts of chemical fertilizer, 3 parts of bacteriostat and 2 parts of humic acid; the bio-organic fertilizer and the chemical fertilizer are added into the soil mixture after co-fermentation.
The soil mixture comprises vegetable garden soil, peat and fine sand, and the ratio of the vegetable garden soil to the peat to the fine sand is 9:1:1.
The bio-organic fertilizer comprises a mixture of chicken manure and plant straw. The chemical fertilizer comprises a mixture of quick-acting nitrogenous fertilizer, calcium superphosphate and potassium sulfate. The process of co-fermenting the bio-organic fertilizer and the chemical fertilizer comprises the following steps: adding chemical fertilizer into biological organic fertilizer, mixing biological bacteria with brown sugar, dispersing with water, spraying onto the mixed materials, stacking, fermenting for 20 days, and deodorizing. The ratio of the biological bacteria to the brown sugar to the water is 1:5:80.
The bacteriostat comprises a mixture of metalaxyl and dixone.
Example 2
The technical scheme of the invention provides a vegetable strong seedling substrate, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 120 parts of soil mixture, 25 parts of biological organic fertilizer, 8 parts of chemical fertilizer, 6 parts of bacteriostat and 7 parts of humic acid; the bio-organic fertilizer and the chemical fertilizer are added into the soil mixture after co-fermentation.
The soil mixture comprises vegetable garden soil, peat and fine sand, and the ratio of the vegetable garden soil to the peat to the fine sand is 9:3:2.
The biological organic fertilizer is chicken manure. The chemical fertilizer comprises a mixture of potassium sulfate, calcium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, zinc fertilizer, boron fertilizer and sulfur. The process of co-fermenting the bio-organic fertilizer and the chemical fertilizer comprises the following steps: adding chemical fertilizer into biological organic fertilizer, mixing biological bacteria with brown sugar, dispersing with water, spraying onto the mixed materials, stacking, fermenting for 35 days, and deodorizing. The ratio of the biological bacteria to the brown sugar to the water is 1:8:90.
The bacteriostat comprises a mixture of hymexazol and propamocarb.
Example 3
The technical scheme of the invention provides a vegetable strong seedling substrate, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 110 parts of soil mixture, 25 parts of biological organic fertilizer, 7 parts of chemical fertilizer, 5 parts of bacteriostat and 6 parts of humic acid; the bio-organic fertilizer and the chemical fertilizer are added into the soil mixture after co-fermentation.
The soil mixture comprises vegetable garden soil, peat and fine sand, and the ratio of the vegetable garden soil to the peat to the fine sand is 9:2:2.
The biological organic fertilizer comprises chicken manure, plant straw, cake pulp and a mixture of agricultural and sideline products. The chemical fertilizer comprises a mixture of quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer ferrous sulfate, zinc fertilizer and boron fertilizer. The process of co-fermenting the bio-organic fertilizer and the chemical fertilizer comprises the following steps: adding chemical fertilizer into biological organic fertilizer, mixing biological bacteria with brown sugar, dispersing with water, spraying onto the mixed materials, stacking, fermenting for 30 days, and deodorizing. The ratio of the biological bacteria to the brown sugar to the water is 1:6:80.
The bacteriostatic agent is hymexazol.
Example 4
The technical scheme of the invention provides a vegetable strong seedling substrate, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 120 parts of soil mixture, 20 parts of biological organic fertilizer, 6 parts of chemical fertilizer, 3 parts of bacteriostat and 7 parts of humic acid; the bio-organic fertilizer and the chemical fertilizer are added into the soil mixture after co-fermentation.
The soil mixture comprises vegetable garden soil, peat and fine sand, and the ratio of the vegetable garden soil to the peat to the fine sand is 9:1:2.
The bio-organic fertilizer comprises a mixture of chicken manure and agricultural and sideline products. The chemical fertilizer comprises a mixture of quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer, calcium superphosphate, calcium sulfate, zinc fertilizer and boron fertilizer. The process of co-fermenting the bio-organic fertilizer and the chemical fertilizer comprises the following steps: adding chemical fertilizer into biological organic fertilizer, mixing biological bacteria with brown sugar, dispersing with water, spraying onto the mixed materials, stacking, fermenting for 30 days, and deodorizing. The ratio of the biological bacteria to the brown sugar to the water is 1:8:90.
The bacteriostatic agent is propamocarb.
(1) The substrates of examples 1-4 were used for pepper cultivation, while two substrates commercially available were selected for pepper cultivation, 30 seeds were cultivated in each substrate, and the germination rate, plant height, root thickness and total leaf area of the peppers were recorded at the same time, and the data of each group are shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1
(2) Tomato cultivation was performed with the substrates of examples 1-4, while two substrates on the market were selected for hot tomato cultivation, 30 seeds were cultivated in each substrate, and the germination rate, plant height, root thickness and total leaf area of capsicum were recorded at the same time, and each set of data is shown in table 2 below:
TABLE 2
As can be seen from the experimental results in tables 1 and 2, the seedlings cultivated by the substrate according to the present embodiment are due to other substrates on the market, in terms of germination rate, plant height, root thickness and total leaf area.
It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art and which are included in the embodiments of the present invention without the inventive step, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention. Structures, devices and methods of operation not specifically described and illustrated herein, unless otherwise indicated and limited, are implemented according to conventional means in the art.
Claims (6)
1. The vegetable strong seedling raising substrate is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 100-120 parts of soil mixture, 20-25 parts of biological organic fertilizer, 5-8 parts of chemical fertilizer, 3-6 parts of bacteriostat and 2-7 parts of humic acid; the biological organic fertilizer and the chemical fertilizer are added into the soil mixture after being co-fermented;
the soil mixture comprises vegetable garden soil, peat and fine sand, and the ratio of the vegetable garden soil to the peat to the fine sand is 9:1-3:1-2.
2. The vegetable strong seedling raising substrate according to claim 1, wherein the bio-organic fertilizer comprises one or more of chicken manure, plant straw, cake meal and agricultural and sideline products.
3. The vegetable strong seedling substrate according to claim 2, wherein the chemical fertilizer comprises one or more of quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate, calcium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, zinc fertilizer, boron fertilizer and sulfur.
4. A vegetable strong seedling substrate as claimed in claim 3, wherein the process of co-fermentation of the bio-organic fertilizer and the chemical fertilizer is as follows: adding chemical fertilizer into biological organic fertilizer, mixing biological bacteria with brown sugar, dispersing with water, spraying onto the mixed materials, stacking, fermenting for 20-35 days, and deodorizing.
5. The vegetable strong seedling substrate according to claim 4, wherein the ratio of the biological bacteria to the brown sugar to the water is 1:5-8:80-90.
6. The vegetable strong seedling substrate according to claim 1, wherein the bacteriostat comprises one or more of hymexazol, propamocarb, metalaxyl and dixyl.
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CN202211397873.1A CN116018996A (en) | 2022-11-09 | 2022-11-09 | Vegetable strong seedling raising substrate |
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CN202211397873.1A CN116018996A (en) | 2022-11-09 | 2022-11-09 | Vegetable strong seedling raising substrate |
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