CN116014162A - Integrated fuel cell unit and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Integrated fuel cell unit and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116014162A CN116014162A CN202211698719.8A CN202211698719A CN116014162A CN 116014162 A CN116014162 A CN 116014162A CN 202211698719 A CN202211698719 A CN 202211698719A CN 116014162 A CN116014162 A CN 116014162A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention discloses an integrated fuel cell unit, which comprises an anode plate, a cathode plate and a membrane electrode; the anode plate, the membrane electrode and the cathode plate are sequentially arranged, a hydrogen side is arranged on the anode plate, an air side is arranged on the cathode plate, and a coolant side is also arranged on the anode plate or the cathode plate; the membrane electrode comprises a membrane electrode frame, the hydrogen side of the anode plate and the air side of the cathode plate are respectively connected with the upper surface and the lower surface of the membrane electrode frame in a sealing way, and the sealant on the coolant side is positioned outside the integrated battery unit; a method of manufacturing an integrated fuel cell unit is also disclosed, using a curing tooling for manufacturing. According to the invention, an integrated structure is adopted, and only the integrated components are stacked when the electric pile is assembled, so that the polar plate and the membrane electrode are not required to be stacked layer by layer, and the assembly efficiency is improved; the manufacturing process requirement on the sealant is low, the height of the sealant layer is limited through a curing tool when the adhesive is cured, and the air tightness and the compression rate of the gas diffusion layer of the integrated fuel cell unit are ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of proton exchange membrane fuel cells, in particular to an integrated fuel cell unit and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The proton exchange membrane fuel cell is a power generation device which takes hydrogen and oxygen in air as reactants to carry out electrochemical reaction so as to generate electric energy. The single-cell battery mainly comprises an anode plate, a cathode plate, a membrane electrode and a sealing element, wherein the sealing element is used for sealing hydrogen, air and a coolant.
In the sealing scheme of the prior art, as shown in fig. 1, for the graphite electrode plate, the existing sealing technology is to apply a coolant side adhesive 130 at the coolant side sealing groove 120, fix the anode plate 100 and the cathode plate 200 together, and realize sealing, and the coolant side adhesive 130 is a heat curing adhesive; the hydrogen side sealing structure 110 of the anode plate is coated with the anode plate hydrogen side adhesive 140 or sealed by adopting a sealing rubber ring pasting mode; the air side sealing structure 210 of the cathode plate is coated with a cathode plate air side adhesive 220 or sealed by a sealing rubber ring, wherein the anode plate hydrogen side adhesive 140 and the cathode plate air side adhesive 220 are photo-curing or thermosetting adhesives.
For the metal electrode plates, as shown in fig. 2, the existing sealing technology is to fix the anode plate 100 and the cathode plate 200 together by welding at the coolant side seal groove 120 and to realize sealing; the hydrogen side seal structure 110 and the air side seal structure 210 are sealed by applying a sealing rubber ring or hot melt adhesive.
Whether graphite or metal plates, the prior art generally seals the coolant side between the anode plate 100 and the cathode plate 200 to form a cathode-anode assembly, and then seals the gas side on both sides of the cathode-anode assembly, in which the anode plate 100, the cathode plate 200, and the membrane electrode 300 are not integral, and have the following drawbacks:
(1) In the prior art, the hydrogen side sealing structure 110 and the air side sealing structure 210 are both in a dispensing or rubberizing ring mode, in the dispensing or rubberizing ring process, the relative positions of the sealing glue have manufacturing tolerances, in the pile stacking and assembling process, the manufacturing tolerances and the assembling tolerances can cause the sealing glue to have different degrees of dislocation, the dislocation of the sealing glue can reduce the effective sealing width, and the sealing performance of the pile is poor; meanwhile, the side force generated by dislocation of the sealing structure aggravates the dislocation degree between the polar plates in the pile pressing process, and reduces the assembly precision of the pile.
(2) In the prior art, when the galvanic pile is assembled, the cathode and anode plates and the membrane electrode are required to be stacked layer by layer, and the stacking efficiency is low.
(3) When the fault occurs in the electric pile and the electric pile needs to be returned to a factory for maintenance, the electric pile needs to be subjected to air tightness test again after being disassembled and recombined, and the maintainability is poor.
(4) The sealing of the gas side of the polar plate in the prior art is realized by the packaging pressure of the galvanic pile, and the sealing performance is directly influenced by the precision of the sealing glue, so that the manufacturing process of the sealing glue is highly required.
(5) For metal plates, welding may damage the coating on the plate surface, and durability and coolant side sealing performance of the stack may deteriorate.
(6) For metal polar plates, if the gas side is sealed by hot melt adhesive, the polar plates may deform because the hot melt adhesive has no elasticity and cannot absorb the manufacturing tolerance of the gas diffusion layer.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an integrated fuel cell unit and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the integrated fuel cell unit is formed by bonding an anode plate, a cathode plate and a membrane electrode into a whole, a hydrogen side and an air side are respectively bonded with a membrane electrode frame and are sealed in the cell unit, a coolant side sealant is positioned outside the cell unit, and the integrated fuel cell unit is only required to be stacked when a galvanic pile is assembled, so that the problems of air tightness, reduced assembly precision and the like caused by misplacement of the air side sealant can be avoided. The integrated fuel cell unit can effectively improve the assembly precision, the assembly efficiency and the maintainability of the electric pile.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an integrated fuel cell unit comprises an anode plate, a cathode plate and a membrane electrode; the anode plate, the membrane electrode and the cathode plate are sequentially arranged, a hydrogen side is arranged on the anode plate, an air side is arranged on the cathode plate, and a coolant side is also arranged on the anode plate or the cathode plate; the membrane electrode comprises a membrane electrode frame, the hydrogen side of the anode plate is in sealing connection with one side surface of the membrane electrode frame, the air side of the cathode plate is in sealing connection with the other side surface of the membrane electrode frame, and the coolant side sealant is positioned outside the integrated battery unit;
the hydrogen side of the anode plate and the air side of the cathode plate are respectively provided with a gluing platform and glue overflow grooves, the glue overflow grooves are arranged on two sides of the gluing platform, and the gluing platform is coated with adhesive to complete sealing connection between the anode plate and the membrane electrode and between the cathode plate and the membrane electrode.
Further, the width of the hydrogen side gluing platform of the anode plate is different from that of the air side gluing platform of the cathode plate, and the width is the distance between glue overflow grooves on two sides of the gluing platform.
Further, the coolant side is coated with an adhesive B to form a coolant side sealant, so that sealing is realized; the hydrogen side gluing platform of the anode plate is coated with an adhesive A to form hydrogen side sealant, so that the anode plate and the membrane electrode are in sealing connection; the air side gluing platform of the cathode plate is coated with an adhesive C to form an air side sealing structure, so that the cathode plate and the membrane electrode are in sealing connection; the hardness of the hydrogen side sealant is higher than that of the coolant side sealant and the air side sealant.
Further, the thickness of the hydrogen side sealant satisfies: the thickness of the hydrogen side sealant is less than or equal to 0.05mm and less than or equal to (the thickness of the membrane electrode after compression-the thickness of the membrane electrode frame)/2;
the thickness of the air side sealant meets the following conditions: air side sealant thickness = membrane electrode thickness after compression-membrane electrode frame thickness-hydrogen side sealant thickness.
Further, the materials of the adhesive A, the adhesive B and the adhesive C are selected from any one of organic silica gel, acrylic ester, polyolefin, polyurethane, ethylene propylene diene monomer, polyamide, polyether sulfone and polyester.
An integrated fuel cell unit manufacturing method, which adopts a curing tool to manufacture, wherein the curing tool comprises: a bottom plate, a hydrogen side curing cover plate and an air side curing cover plate; the bottom plate is provided with a positioning guide post, and the hydrogen side curing cover plate and the air side curing cover plate are provided with height limiting structures with different thicknesses;
the manufacturing method of the integrated fuel cell unit specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Sealing the coolant side;
(2) Coating an adhesive on a hydrogen side gluing platform of the anode plate, stacking the hydrogen side of the anode plate on the bottom plate through the positioning guide post, stacking the membrane electrode on the anode plate through the positioning guide post, stacking the hydrogen side curing cover plate on the membrane electrode through the positioning guide post, and enabling the bottom surface of a height limiting structure of the hydrogen side curing cover plate to be attached to the upper surface of the bottom plate; solidifying the stacked bottom plate, anode plate and membrane electrode to finish sealing the hydrogen side of the anode plate, thus obtaining an anode plate-membrane electrode assembly;
(3) Coating another adhesive on a gluing platform of the cathode plate, enabling the air side of the cathode plate to face downwards, stacking the cathode plate on the anode plate-membrane electrode assembly through the positioning guide post, stacking the air side curing cover plate on the cathode plate through the positioning guide post, and enabling the bottom surface of a height limiting structure of the air side curing cover plate to be attached to the upper surface of the bottom plate; curing the stacked bottom plate, anode plate-membrane electrode assembly, cathode plate and air side curing cover plate to finish the sealing of the air side of the cathode plate;
(4) And taking out the bottom plate and the air side curing cover plate to obtain the integrated fuel cell unit.
Further, steps (2) to (4) of the integrated fuel cell unit manufacturing method are replaced with:
(2) Coating an adhesive on a gluing platform of the cathode plate, stacking the air side of the cathode plate upwards, stacking the membrane electrode on the cathode plate through the positioning guide post, stacking the air side curing cover plate on the membrane electrode through the positioning guide post, and attaching the bottom surface of a height limiting structure of the air side curing cover plate to the upper surface of the bottom plate; curing the stacked bottom plate, the cathode plate and the membrane electrode to finish the sealing of the air side of the cathode plate, thereby obtaining a cathode plate-membrane electrode assembly;
(3) Coating another adhesive on the gluing platform of the anode plate, stacking the hydrogen side of the anode plate on the cathode plate-membrane electrode assembly through the positioning guide post downwards, stacking the hydrogen side curing cover plate on the anode plate through the positioning guide post, and enabling the bottom surface of the height limiting structure of the hydrogen side curing cover plate to be attached to the upper surface of the bottom plate; curing the stacked bottom plate, the cathode plate-membrane electrode assembly, the anode plate and the hydrogen side curing cover plate to finish the sealing of the hydrogen side of the anode plate;
(4) And taking out the bottom plate and the hydrogen side curing cover plate to obtain the integrated fuel cell unit.
Further, the thicknesses of the height limiting structures of the hydrogen side curing cover plate and the air side curing cover plate meet the following conditions:
the height limiting structure thickness of the hydrogen side curing cover plate=the anode plate thickness+the hydrogen side sealant thickness+the frame thickness;
air side curing cover plate height limiting structure thickness = anode plate thickness + hydrogen side sealant thickness + frame thickness + air side sealant thickness + cathode plate thickness.
Further, the thicknesses of the height limiting structures of the hydrogen side curing cover plate and the air side curing cover plate meet the following conditions:
air side curing cover plate height limiting structure thickness = cathode plate thickness + air side sealant thickness + frame thickness;
hydrogen side curing cover plate height limiting structure thickness = cathode plate thickness + air side sealant thickness + frame thickness + hydrogen side sealant thickness + anode plate thickness.
Further, the membrane electrode frame is transparent, the curing form of the adhesive adopted in the step (2) is photo-curing type or hot-melt adhesive hot-press curing type, and the curing form of the adhesive adopted in the step (3) is any one of thermosetting type, moisture curing type and room temperature vulcanizing type.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The anode plate, the cathode plate and the membrane electrode are of an integrated structure, and only the integrated components are stacked when the electric pile is assembled, so that the stacking of the anode plate and the membrane electrode layer by layer is not needed, and the improvement of the assembly efficiency is facilitated.
(2) The invention realizes the air side sealing by bonding the polar plate and the membrane electrode frame, and has relatively low requirements on the manufacturing process of the sealant; the air side sealing is not required to be realized through the packaging pressure, the height of the sealant is limited through a curing tool when the adhesive is cured, and the air tightness and the compression rate of the air diffusion layer of the integrated fuel cell unit can be ensured.
(3) When the inside of the integrated fuel cell stack has faults and needs to be returned to a factory for maintenance, the fault cell unit is only required to be replaced integrally, the airtightness test is not required to be carried out again, and the maintainability is good.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art seal for a graphite plate.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a prior art seal for a metal plate.
Fig. 3 is an exploded view of an integrated fuel cell unit of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a hydrogen side schematic of an anode plate of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a coolant side schematic of an anode plate of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an air side schematic view of the cathode plate of the invention.
Fig. 7 is a top view of an integrated fuel cell unit of the present invention.
Fig. 8 isbase:Sub>A schematic view showing the sealing structure of the integrated combustion battery unit of example 1 of the present invention taken along the sectionbase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A of fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram showing steps of the method for manufacturing an integrated fuel cell unit of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a second step of the method for manufacturing an integrated fuel cell unit of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of a hydrogen side-curable cover sheet for a photo-curable adhesive.
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a hydrogen side-curable cover sheet structure for a non-photo-curable adhesive.
Fig. 13 is a step three schematic diagram of the integrated fuel cell unit manufacturing method of the present invention.
Fig. 14 is a schematic view of the sealing structure of the integrated combustion battery unit of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
In the figure, an anode plate 100, a hydrogen side sealing structure 110, a hydrogen side gluing platform 111, a hydrogen side glue overflow groove 112, a coolant side sealing groove 120, a coolant side sealing glue 130, a hydrogen side sealing glue 140, a cathode plate 200, an air side sealing structure 210, an air side gluing platform 211, an air side glue overflow groove 212, an air side sealing glue 220, a membrane electrode 300, a membrane electrode frame 310, a gas diffusion layer 320, a proton exchange membrane 330, a bottom plate 400, a coolant side sealing glue avoiding groove 410, a positioning guide pillar 420, a hydrogen side curing cover plate 500, a height limiting structure 510, a magnetic attraction device avoiding groove 520 and an air side curing cover plate 600.
Detailed Description
The objects and effects of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings, in which the present invention is further described in detail. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 3-8, an integrated fuel cell unit 10 includes an anode plate 100, a cathode plate 200, and a membrane electrode 300. The anode plate 100 is provided with a hydrogen side and a coolant side, and the cathode plate 200 is provided with an air side. The membrane electrode 300 is fixedly connected between the anode plate 100 and the cathode plate 200 through an adhesive, so that the anode plate 100, the cathode plate 200 and the membrane electrode 300 form a whole, the hydrogen side of the anode plate 100 and the air side of the cathode plate 200 are sealed inside the integrated battery unit 10, and the coolant side sealant is positioned outside the integrated fuel battery unit 10.
The hydrogen side of anode plate 100 is provided with hydrogen side seal structure 110, and hydrogen side seal structure 110 includes hydrogen side rubber coating platform 111 and hydrogen side glue overflow groove 112, and hydrogen side glue overflow groove 112 has two, arranges respectively in the both sides of hydrogen side rubber coating platform 111, and the surface of hydrogen side rubber coating platform 111 flushes with the hydrogen side surface of anode plate 100. Coating an adhesive A on the hydrogen side gluing platform 111 to form a hydrogen side sealant 140 for fixedly connecting the anode plate 100 and the membrane electrode 300 and sealing the hydrogen side of the anode plate 100 inside the integrated fuel cell unit 10; the cross section of the hydrogen side sealant 140 is rectangular, and when the sealant is dislocated to a certain extent, no lateral force is generated, so that the assembly accuracy of the galvanic pile is reduced. The hydrogen side glue overflow groove 112 is arranged, so that on one hand, when the adhesive A is cured, the excessive glue has overflow space; on the other hand, the hydrogen side glue overflow grooves 112 on both sides together form the outline of the hydrogen side glue spreading platform 111 in the middle, so that the track debugging in the process of dispensing or silk-screen glue spreading is convenient.
The coolant side of the anode plate 100 is provided with a coolant side seal groove 120 having a width in the range of 1.5 to 10mm and a depth in the range of 0.1 to 1mm. The coolant-side seal groove 120 is coated with an adhesive B to form a coolant-side seal 130, and the coolant-side seal 130 has a cross-sectional shape of any one of a rectangle, a trapezoid, a spherical crown, and a hump with a protrusion, which is located outside the integrated fuel cell unit 10.
The air side of the cathode plate 200 is provided with an air side sealing structure 210, the air side sealing structure 210 comprises an air side gluing platform 211 and an air side glue overflow groove 212, the two air side glue overflow grooves 212 are respectively arranged on two sides of the air side gluing platform 211, and the surface of the air side gluing platform 211 is flush with the air side outer surface of the cathode plate 200. The air side sealing structure 210 is coated with an adhesive C to form an air side sealing compound 220 for fixedly connecting the cathode plate 200 and the membrane electrode 300, and sealing the air side of the cathode plate 200 inside the integrated fuel cell unit 10, wherein the air side sealing compound 220 has a rectangular cross section. The advantage of providing the air side flash tank 212 is the same as the advantage of providing the hydrogen side flash tank 112.
The membrane electrode 300 includes: membrane electrode frame 310, gas diffusion layer 320, proton exchange membrane 330. The surface of the proton exchange membrane 330 is coated with a catalyst, and the gas diffusion layer 320 is arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the proton exchange membrane 330, is a channel for reaction gas and electrons, can discharge heat and liquid water generated by reaction, and supports the proton exchange membrane 330; the membrane electrode frame 310 is a transparent sheet for realizing the encapsulation of the membrane electrode 300, the membrane electrode frame 310 is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the proton exchange membrane 330, and the upper and lower surfaces of the membrane electrode frame are respectively glued with the hydrogen side gluing platform 111 and the air side gluing platform 211.
The different widths of the hydrogen side glue application platform 111 and the air side glue application platform 211 allow the integrated fuel cell unit 10 to achieve effective sealing even if there are manufacturing tolerances and assembly errors during stack assembly. The width WT1 of the hydrogen side glue spreading platform 111 ranges from 2mm to 10mm, the width WY1 of the hydrogen side glue overflow groove 112 ranges from 0.3mm to 3mm, and the depth DY1 ranges from 0.1mm to 1mm; the width WT2 of the air-side glue spreading platform 211 ranges from 1.5 to 9.5mm, the width WY2 of the air-side glue overflow groove 212 is the same as the width WY1 of the hydrogen-side glue overflow groove, and the depth DY2 of the air-side glue overflow groove 212 is the same as the depth DY1 of the hydrogen-side glue overflow groove.
The hardness of the coolant side seal 130 and the air side seal 220 is smaller than that of the hydrogen side seal 140, that is, the coolant side seal 130 and the air side seal 220 have better elasticity and can absorb manufacturing tolerances of the gas diffusion layer. The hardness ranges of the coolant side seal 130 and the air side seal are Shore A20-A60, and the hardness range of the hydrogen side seal is Shore A25-A80.
The thickness of the sealant plays a decisive role in the compressibility of the gas diffusion layer 320 in the membrane electrode 300, the compressibility affects the porosity of the gas diffusion layer 320, and the porosity is an important factor determining mass transfer efficiency, and the high mass transfer efficiency enables the integrated fuel cell 10 to have higher power generation efficiency, so that the suitable thickness of the sealant is beneficial to the improvement of the power generation efficiency of the integrated fuel cell 10, and the thickness of the hydrogen side sealant 140 and the thickness of the air side sealant 220 respectively meet the following conditions:
(1) The thickness H1 of the hydrogen side sealant is less than or equal to 0.05mm and less than or equal to (the thickness HM1 of the membrane electrode after compression-the thickness HM2 of the membrane electrode frame)/2.
(2) Air side sealant thickness h2=compressed membrane electrode thickness HM 1-membrane electrode frame thickness HM 2-hydrogen side sealant thickness H1.
The materials of the adhesive A, the adhesive B and the adhesive C are selected from any one of organic silica gel, acrylic ester, polyolefin, polyurethane, ethylene propylene diene monomer, polyamide, polyether sulfone and polyester.
As shown in fig. 9 to 13, to manufacture the curing tooling 20 of the integrated fuel cell unit 10, the curing tooling 20 includes: a bottom plate 400, a hydrogen side curing cover plate 500, and an air side curing cover plate 600. The bottom plate 400 is provided with a coolant side sealant avoiding groove 410 and a positioning guide post 420, and the positioning guide post 420 is used for limiting the anode plate 100, the cathode plate 200 and the membrane electrode 300; the hydrogen side curing cover 500 and the air side curing cover 600 are respectively provided with height limiting structures 510 with different thicknesses. When the integrated fuel cell unit 10 is manufactured, after stacking the corresponding electrode plates, the upper surface of the bottom plate 400 is attached to the bottom surface of the height limiting structure 510 of the hydrogen side curing cover plate 500 or the air side curing cover plate 600, so as to limit the height of the glue layer, thereby ensuring the air tightness and the compression rate of the gas diffusion layer of the integrated fuel cell unit 10.
The thicknesses of the height limiting structures 510 of the hydrogen side curing cover plate 500 and the air side curing cover plate 600 are different, and the following conditions are satisfied:
(1) Hydrogen side cured cover plate height limiting structure thickness = anode plate thickness hj1+ hydrogen side sealant thickness h1+ frame thickness HM2.
(2) Air side curing cover plate height limiting structure thickness = anode plate thickness hj1+ hydrogen side sealant thickness h1+ frame thickness hm2+ air side sealant thickness h2+ cathode plate thickness HJ2.
The manufacturing method of the integrated fuel cell unit 10 includes the steps of:
s1: as shown in fig. 9, an adhesive B is applied in the coolant side seal groove of the anode plate 100 and cured to form a coolant side seal 130.
S2: as shown in fig. 10, the adhesive a is applied to the hydrogen side glue application platform 111 of the anode plate 100, the hydrogen side of the anode plate 100 is directed upward, and the coolant side seal 130 is stacked on the bottom plate 400 by the positioning guide post 420, and is fitted into the coolant side seal avoiding groove 410. The membrane electrode 300 is stacked on the anode plate 100 through the positioning guide post 420, and then the hydrogen side curing cover plate 500 is stacked on the membrane electrode 300 through the positioning guide post 420, and the bottom surface of the height limiting structure 510 of the hydrogen side curing cover plate 500 is attached to the upper surface of the bottom plate 400; the stacked base plate 400, anode plate 100 and membrane electrode 300 are cured to complete the sealing of the hydrogen side of the anode plate 100, resulting in an anode plate-membrane electrode assembly.
S3: as shown in fig. 11, an adhesive C is coated on the air side gluing platform 211 of the cathode plate 200, the air side of the cathode plate 200 is downward, and is stacked on the anode plate-membrane electrode assembly obtained in the step S2 through the positioning guide post 420, and then an air side curing cover plate is stacked on the cathode plate 200 through the positioning guide post 420, and the bottom surface of the height limiting structure 510 of the air side curing cover plate is attached to the upper surface of the bottom plate 400; the stacked base plate 400, anode plate-membrane electrode assembly, cathode plate 200, and air side curing cover plate 600 are cured to complete the sealing of the air side of the cathode plate 200.
S4: the bottom plate 400 and the air-side cured cover plate are removed to obtain the integrated fuel cell unit 10 with the sealing connection completed.
The purpose of stacking the cured cover plates in step S2 and step S3 is to limit the height of the glue layer that has not yet cured after the application of the adhesive. For the photocurable adhesive, it is necessary to take out the cured cover plate after the step of performing the height restriction and before the curing step; for the non-photo-curing adhesive, the curing cover plate can be taken out after the curing is finished, and the cover plate can be used for limiting in the curing process because part of the adhesive is likely to deform in the curing process.
In addition to the above steps of manufacturing the bottom plate 400, the anode plate 100, the membrane electrode 300, the cathode plate 200 and the air side curing cover plate, in step S2, the cathode plate 200 may be coated with the adhesive a and then stacked on the bottom plate 400 to be cured with the membrane electrode 300 to form a cathode plate-membrane electrode assembly, in step S3, the anode plate 100 is coated with the adhesive C and then stacked on the cathode plate-membrane electrode assembly, and at this time, the conditions required to be satisfied by the thicknesses of the hydrogen side curing cover plate 500 and the air side curing cover plate height limiting structure 510 are interchanged, thereby finally obtaining the integrated fuel cell unit 10.
Since the membrane electrode assembly 310 is transparent, in the above-described step of manufacturing the integrated fuel cell unit 10, the curing form of the adhesive a used is selected from a photo-curing type or a hot-melt adhesive thermo-compression curing type, while the curing form of the adhesive B is any one of a thermosetting type, a moisture curing type, a photo-curing type, and a room temperature vulcanizing type, and the curing form of the adhesive C is any one of a thermosetting type, a moisture curing type, and a room temperature vulcanizing type.
For the scheme of adopting the photo-curing adhesive for the hydrogen side sealant 140, a hydrogen side curing cover plate 500 as shown in fig. 12 can be adopted, a magnetic attraction device avoiding groove 520 is formed in the hydrogen side curing cover plate, and a magnetic attraction device can be placed on a membrane electrode before stacking the hydrogen side curing cover plate 500 so as to prevent the membrane electrode 300 from being misplaced due to the movement of the hydrogen side curing cover plate 500 and uncured adhesive a when the hydrogen side curing cover plate 500 is lifted. For the case where the hydrogen side sealant 140 employs a non-photo-curable adhesive, a hydrogen side curing cover plate 500 as shown in fig. 13 may be employed.
The following specifically describes a method of manufacturing the integrated fuel cell unit 10 by way of examples.
Example 1
The anode plate 100 and the cathode plate 200 are made of graphite or composite graphite. The adhesive a used for the hydrogen side sealant 140 is photo-curable acrylate, and the adhesive B used for the coolant side sealant 130 and the adhesive C used for the air side sealant 220 are both thermosetting silicone gels. The method of manufacturing the integrated fuel cell 10 mainly made of graphite material includes the steps of:
s1: a silicone gel (adhesive B) is coated in the coolant side seal groove 120 of the anode plate 100, and thermally cured to form a coolant side seal 130.
S2: after the anode plate 100 is taken out and cooled, photo-curing acrylate (adhesive a) is coated on the hydrogen side glue coating platform 111, the hydrogen side of the anode plate 100 is upward, and is stacked on the bottom plate 400 through the positioning guide post 420, and the coolant side sealant 130 is embedded with the coolant side sealant avoiding groove 410. The membrane electrode 300 is stacked on the anode plate 100 through the positioning guide post 420, and then the hydrogen side curing cover plate 500 is stacked on the membrane electrode 300 through the positioning guide post 420, and the bottom surface of the height limiting structure 510 of the hydrogen side curing cover plate 500 is attached to the upper surface of the bottom plate 400; and taking out the hydrogen side curing cover plate 500, and placing the stacked bottom plate 400, anode plate 100 and membrane electrode 300 into a UV curing furnace for curing, so as to finish the sealing of the hydrogen side of the anode plate 100 and obtain the anode plate-membrane electrode assembly.
S3: coating organic silica gel (adhesive C) on the air side gluing platform 211 of the cathode plate 200, and stacking the air side of the cathode plate 200 downwards on the anode plate-membrane electrode assembly obtained in the step S2 through the positioning guide posts 420; stacking the air side curing cover plate on the cathode plate 200 through the positioning guide posts 420, and attaching the bottom surface of the height limiting structure 510 of the air side curing cover plate to the upper surface of the bottom plate 400; the stacked base plate 400, anode plate-membrane electrode assembly, cathode plate 200, and air side curing cover plate are cured to complete the sealing of the air side of the cathode plate 200.
S4: the bottom plate 400 and the air-side cured cover plate are removed to obtain the integrated fuel cell unit 10 shown in fig. 3.
Example 2
The anode plate 100 and the cathode plate 200 are made of stainless steel, titanium alloy and other metals. The adhesive a used for the hydrogen side sealant 140 is a photo-curable polyolefin adhesive, the adhesive B used for the coolant side sealant 130 is ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber, and the adhesive C used for the air side sealant 220 is a thermosetting silicone adhesive.
S1: the bottom glue is coated in the coolant side seal groove 120 of the anode plate 100, and is used for bonding the coolant side seal glue 130 and the anode plate 100, and ethylene propylene diene monomer (adhesive B) is injection molded in the coolant side seal groove 120 of the anode plate 100, so as to form the coolant side seal glue 130.
S2: after the anode plate 100 is taken out and cooled, a photo-curable polyolefin adhesive (adhesive a) is coated on the hydrogen side adhesive coating platform 111, the hydrogen side of the anode plate 100 is upward, the anode plate is stacked on the bottom plate 400 through the positioning guide post 420, and the coolant side sealant 130 is embedded with the coolant side sealant avoiding groove 410. The membrane electrode 300 is stacked on the anode plate 100 through the positioning guide post 420, and then the hydrogen side curing cover plate 500 is stacked on the membrane electrode 300 through the positioning guide post 420, and the bottom surface of the height limiting structure 510 of the hydrogen side curing cover plate 500 is attached to the upper surface of the bottom plate 400; and taking out the hydrogen side curing cover plate 500, and placing the stacked bottom plate 400, anode plate 100 and membrane electrode 300 into a UV curing furnace for curing, so as to finish the sealing of the hydrogen side of the anode plate 100 and obtain the anode plate-membrane electrode assembly.
S3: coating a primer on an air side gluing platform 211 of the cathode plate 200 for bonding the air side sealant 220 and the cathode plate 200, and then coating organic silica gel (adhesive C) on the primer, wherein the air side of the cathode plate 200 faces downwards, and the air side of the cathode plate 200 is stacked on the anode plate-membrane electrode assembly obtained in the step S2 through a positioning guide pillar 420; stacking the air side curing cover plate on the cathode plate 200 through the positioning guide posts 420, and attaching the bottom surface of the height limiting structure 510 of the air side curing cover plate to the upper surface of the bottom plate 400; the stacked base plate 400, anode plate-membrane electrode assembly, cathode plate 200, and air side curing cover plate are cured to complete the sealing of the air side of the cathode plate 200.
S4: the bottom plate 400 and the air-side cured cover plate are removed to obtain the integrated fuel cell unit 10 shown in fig. 14.
For the case that the anode plate 100 and the cathode plate 200 are made of stainless steel, titanium alloy and other metals, the sealing process does not need welding, does not damage the surface coating of the polar plate, and is beneficial to improving the durability and the air tightness of the coolant side.
It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the foregoing description is a preferred embodiment of the invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, but rather to limit the invention to the specific embodiments described, and that modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof, for the purposes of those skilled in the art. Modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An integrated fuel cell unit is characterized by comprising an anode plate, a cathode plate and a membrane electrode; the anode plate, the membrane electrode and the cathode plate are sequentially arranged, a hydrogen side is arranged on the anode plate, an air side is arranged on the cathode plate, and a coolant side is also arranged on the anode plate or the cathode plate; the membrane electrode comprises a membrane electrode frame, the hydrogen side of the anode plate is in sealing connection with one side surface of the membrane electrode frame, the air side of the cathode plate is in sealing connection with the other side surface of the membrane electrode frame, and the coolant side sealant is positioned outside the integrated battery unit;
the hydrogen side of the anode plate and the air side of the cathode plate are respectively provided with a gluing platform and glue overflow grooves, the glue overflow grooves are arranged on two sides of the gluing platform, and the gluing platform is coated with adhesive to complete sealing connection between the anode plate and the membrane electrode and between the cathode plate and the membrane electrode.
2. The integrated fuel cell unit of claim 1, wherein the hydrogen side glue platform of the anode plate is different from the air side glue platform of the cathode plate in width, the width being the distance between glue overflow slots on both sides of the glue platform.
3. The integrated fuel cell unit of claim 1, wherein the coolant side is sealed by applying adhesive B to form a coolant side sealant; the hydrogen side gluing platform of the anode plate is coated with an adhesive A to form hydrogen side sealant, so that the anode plate and the membrane electrode are in sealing connection; the air side gluing platform of the cathode plate is coated with an adhesive C to form an air side sealing structure, so that the cathode plate and the membrane electrode are in sealing connection; the hardness of the hydrogen side sealant is higher than that of the coolant side sealant and the air side sealant.
4. The integrated fuel cell unit of claim 3, wherein the thickness of the hydrogen side sealant satisfies: the thickness of the hydrogen side sealant is less than or equal to 0.05mm and less than or equal to (the thickness of the membrane electrode after compression-the thickness of the membrane electrode frame)/2;
the thickness of the air side sealant meets the following conditions: air side sealant thickness = membrane electrode thickness after compression-membrane electrode frame thickness-hydrogen side sealant thickness.
5. The integrated fuel cell unit according to claim 3, wherein the materials of the adhesive a, the adhesive B and the adhesive C are selected from any one of silicone rubber, acrylic ester, polyolefin, polyurethane, ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber, polyamide, polyether sulfone and polyester.
6. A method of manufacturing an integrated fuel cell unit according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the manufacturing is performed using a curing tool comprising: a bottom plate, a hydrogen side curing cover plate and an air side curing cover plate; the bottom plate is provided with a positioning guide post, and the hydrogen side curing cover plate and the air side curing cover plate are provided with height limiting structures with different thicknesses;
the manufacturing method of the integrated fuel cell unit specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Sealing the coolant side;
(2) Coating an adhesive on a hydrogen side gluing platform of the anode plate, stacking the hydrogen side of the anode plate on the bottom plate through the positioning guide post, stacking the membrane electrode on the anode plate through the positioning guide post, stacking the hydrogen side curing cover plate on the membrane electrode through the positioning guide post, and enabling the bottom surface of a height limiting structure of the hydrogen side curing cover plate to be attached to the upper surface of the bottom plate; solidifying the stacked bottom plate, anode plate and membrane electrode to finish sealing the hydrogen side of the anode plate, thus obtaining an anode plate-membrane electrode assembly;
(3) Coating another adhesive on a gluing platform of the cathode plate, enabling the air side of the cathode plate to face downwards, stacking the cathode plate on the anode plate-membrane electrode assembly through the positioning guide post, stacking the air side curing cover plate on the cathode plate through the positioning guide post, and enabling the bottom surface of a height limiting structure of the air side curing cover plate to be attached to the upper surface of the bottom plate; curing the stacked bottom plate, anode plate-membrane electrode assembly, cathode plate and air side curing cover plate to finish the sealing of the air side of the cathode plate;
(4) And taking out the bottom plate and the air side curing cover plate to obtain the integrated fuel cell unit.
7. The integrated fuel cell unit manufacturing method according to claim 6, wherein steps (2) to (4) of the integrated fuel cell unit manufacturing method are replaced with:
(2) Coating an adhesive on a gluing platform of the cathode plate, stacking the air side of the cathode plate upwards, stacking the membrane electrode on the cathode plate through the positioning guide post, stacking the air side curing cover plate on the membrane electrode through the positioning guide post, and attaching the bottom surface of a height limiting structure of the air side curing cover plate to the upper surface of the bottom plate; curing the stacked bottom plate, the cathode plate and the membrane electrode to finish the sealing of the air side of the cathode plate, thereby obtaining a cathode plate-membrane electrode assembly;
(3) Coating another adhesive on the gluing platform of the anode plate, stacking the hydrogen side of the anode plate on the cathode plate-membrane electrode assembly through the positioning guide post downwards, stacking the hydrogen side curing cover plate on the anode plate through the positioning guide post, and enabling the bottom surface of the height limiting structure of the hydrogen side curing cover plate to be attached to the upper surface of the bottom plate; curing the stacked bottom plate, the cathode plate-membrane electrode assembly, the anode plate and the hydrogen side curing cover plate to finish the sealing of the hydrogen side of the anode plate;
(4) And taking out the bottom plate and the hydrogen side curing cover plate to obtain the integrated fuel cell unit.
8. The integrated fuel cell unit manufacturing method according to claim 6, wherein the thicknesses of the height limiting structures of the hydrogen side curing cover plate and the air side curing cover plate satisfy the following condition:
the height limiting structure thickness of the hydrogen side curing cover plate=the anode plate thickness+the hydrogen side sealant thickness+the frame thickness;
air side curing cover plate height limiting structure thickness = anode plate thickness + hydrogen side sealant thickness + frame thickness + air side sealant thickness + cathode plate thickness.
9. The integrated fuel cell unit manufacturing method according to claim 7, wherein the thicknesses of the height limiting structures of the hydrogen side curing cover plate and the air side curing cover plate satisfy the following condition:
air side curing cover plate height limiting structure thickness = cathode plate thickness + air side sealant thickness + frame thickness;
hydrogen side curing cover plate height limiting structure thickness = cathode plate thickness + air side sealant thickness + frame thickness + hydrogen side sealant thickness + anode plate thickness.
10. The method according to claim 6 or claim 7, wherein the membrane electrode assembly is transparent, the adhesive used in the step (2) is in a cured form of a photo-curable type or a hot-melt adhesive hot-press-curable type, and the adhesive used in the step (3) is in any one of a thermosetting type, a moisture curing type, and a room temperature vulcanizing type.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211698719.8A CN116014162A (en) | 2022-12-28 | 2022-12-28 | Integrated fuel cell unit and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN202211698719.8A CN116014162A (en) | 2022-12-28 | 2022-12-28 | Integrated fuel cell unit and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN116014162A true CN116014162A (en) | 2023-04-25 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116544434A (en) * | 2023-05-31 | 2023-08-04 | 上海氢晨新能源科技有限公司 | Fuel cell unit, fuel cell module and power supply system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116544434A (en) * | 2023-05-31 | 2023-08-04 | 上海氢晨新能源科技有限公司 | Fuel cell unit, fuel cell module and power supply system |
| CN116544434B (en) * | 2023-05-31 | 2024-02-13 | 上海氢晨新能源科技有限公司 | Fuel cell unit, fuel cell module and power supply system |
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