CN115996293B - Video image coding method, system, equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
Video image coding method, system, equipment and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of chip design. The invention provides a method, a system, equipment and a storage medium for video image coding, wherein the method comprises the following steps: encoding a first frame image by using a default distortion control parameter, and calibrating the change information of the front frame image and the rear frame image by using an image marking block positioned at the top area of each frame image in response to encoding other images except the first frame image; calculating a code rate predicted value of the next frame image according to the code rate and the code rate change rate of the current frame image; calculating to obtain current distortion control parameters according to the code rate predicted value of the next frame image, the change information of the previous and the next frame images and the target code rate, selecting the coding modes of all parts of the next frame image by using the current distortion control parameters, and coding the next frame image according to the selected coding modes; and fusing all the coded parts of the next frame of image. The invention ensures the quality of the compressed image while controlling the code rate.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of chip design, and more particularly, to a method, system, apparatus, and storage medium for video image encoding.
Background
The JPEG-LS encoder firstly carries out context modeling on source image data, then carries out encoding mode selection according to local gradient values of pixels to be encoded, carries out run-length encoding on the local gradient values if all the local gradient values are zero, otherwise carries out normal encoding on the local gradient values, and outputs an encoding code stream after encoding is finished. The normal coding module adopts Golomb coding to code the prediction error, the run coding module adopts run length coding to code the run length, and the Golomb coding is adopted to code the prediction error of the difference pixel. The actual coded data length (code rate) of JPEG-LS coding compression is related to the video image, when the image itself has less variation, more flat or high-frequency components are more, the coding efficiency is higher, namely the coded data quantity is less, the time consumed in the coding process is less, and vice versa. Although the code rate can be adjusted to a certain extent by the existing JPEG-LS algorithm, the application range of the JPEG-LS algorithm is limited, so that the performance is unstable in many cases, and the application of the JPEG-LS algorithm is limited.
At present, a Lagrangian multiplier method is generally used for code rate control, or the relation between the code rate of an encoded image and a target code rate is utilized to adaptively adjust the compression parameter (mainly the distortion control parameter value NEAR) of the next frame, so that the code rate approaches to the target code rate. However, the Lagrangian multiplier method is complex in code rate control implementation algorithm, and the consumed hardware resources are used in hardware implementation, so that larger time delay is generated, and the overall coding performance is reduced; the adaptive adjustment of the compression parameters of the next frame only considers the relation between the current code rate and the target code rate, is a complete linear adjustment, and can cause more information loss during image compression, so that the quality of the compressed image is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, an object of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a method, a system, a computer device and a computer readable storage medium for video image encoding, which take into account a current code rate and a rate change rate at the same time, calculate a predicted code rate of a next frame, use the predicted code rate of the next frame as a calculation factor for adjusting a value of a compression parameter, calibrate image changes of a frame before and after an image block at a top portion of an image, and use the image changes as calculation factors for adjusting the compression parameter, and ensure quality of a compressed image while controlling the code rate.
Based on the above object, an aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a method for encoding a video image, including the steps of: encoding a first frame image by using a default distortion control parameter, and calibrating the change information of the front frame image and the rear frame image by using an image marking block in response to encoding other images except the first frame image, wherein the image marking block is positioned at the top area of each frame image; calculating a code rate predicted value of a next frame image according to the code rate and the code rate change rate of a current frame image, wherein the code rate change rate is obtained according to the current frame image and a previous adjacent frame image of the current frame image; calculating to obtain a current distortion control parameter according to the code rate predicted value of the next frame image, the change information of the previous and the next frame images and a target code rate, selecting the coding mode of each part of the next frame image by using the current distortion control parameter, and coding the next frame image according to the selected coding mode; and fusing all the coded parts of the next frame image.
In some embodiments, the calibrating the previous and subsequent frame image variation information using the image marking block includes: and obtaining an expected proportion according to the data condition of the previous frame image and the current frame image, obtaining a standard deviation proportion according to the data condition of the current frame image, and adjusting the current distortion control parameter according to the expected proportion and the standard deviation proportion.
In some embodiments, the obtaining the desired proportion according to the data conditions of the previous frame image and the current frame image includes: calculating the difference value of expected values of the marking blocks of the adjacent front and rear frame images, quantizing the difference value to obtain an expected change value, and obtaining the expected proportion according to the expected change value.
In some embodiments, the quantifying the difference to obtain a desired variation value, and obtaining the desired ratio according to the desired variation value includes: setting the expected change value to be a first numerical value in response to the difference value being greater than a preset first judgment threshold parameter; setting the expected change value to a second value in response to the difference value being less than or equal to a preset first judgment threshold parameter; and determining a first quantity of the expected change value as a first value, and taking the ratio of the first quantity to the total number of the expected change values as an expected proportion.
In some embodiments, the obtaining the standard deviation ratio according to the data condition of the current frame image includes: determining standard deviation of a marking block of the current frame image, quantifying the standard deviation to obtain a standard deviation change value, and obtaining the standard deviation proportion according to the standard deviation change value.
In some embodiments, the quantifying the standard deviation to obtain a standard deviation variation value, and obtaining the standard deviation ratio according to the standard deviation variation value includes: setting a standard deviation change value to a first numerical value in response to the standard deviation being greater than a preset second judgment threshold parameter; setting a standard deviation change value to a second value in response to the standard deviation being less than or equal to a preset second judgment threshold parameter; and determining a second quantity of which the standard deviation change value is the first value, and taking the ratio of the second quantity to the total number of the standard deviation change values as a standard deviation ratio.
In some embodiments, the calculating the code rate prediction value of the next frame image according to the code rate and the code rate change rate of the current frame image includes: counting the frame data length of the current frame image, and calculating the frame length change rate according to the frame data length of the previous two frame images of the current frame image and the frame data length of the current frame image; and obtaining a length predicted value of the next frame image according to the frame data length of the current frame image and the frame length change rate.
In some embodiments, the calculating the current distortion control parameter according to the code rate predicted value of the next frame image, the previous and subsequent frame image change information and the target code rate includes: and obtaining the compression rate according to the length predicted value of the next frame image, the standard compression ratio and the code rate of the video image, and obtaining the current distortion control parameter according to the compression rate.
In some embodiments, the selecting the coding mode of the portions of the next frame image using the current distortion control parameters comprises: and calculating local gradients according to pixel points generated during the context modeling of the part to be encoded, selecting a run-length encoding mode to encode the part to be encoded in response to all local gradients being smaller than or equal to the distortion control parameter, and otherwise, selecting a normal encoding mode to encode the part to be encoded.
In some embodiments, the computing the local gradient from pixels generated when the portion to be encoded is context modeled includes: the four point pixels to the left, upper left, right and upper right of the pixel to be encoded are selected for context modeling.
In some embodiments, the computing the local gradient from pixels generated when the portion to be encoded is context modeled includes: and calculating a first pixel difference value between the upper right point pixel and the upper right point pixel, calculating a second pixel difference value between the upper right point pixel and the upper left point pixel, and calculating a third pixel difference value between the upper left point pixel and the left point pixel.
In some embodiments, said adjusting said current distortion control parameter according to said desired ratio and standard deviation ratio comprises: in response to the desired ratio being less than or equal to a first threshold, not adjusting the current distortion control parameter; responsive to the desired ratio being greater than a first threshold and less than a second threshold, adjusting the current distortion control parameter according to the standard deviation ratio; and in response to the desired ratio being greater than a second threshold, obtaining an intermediate variable based on the current distortion control parameter, and determining an adjusted current distortion control parameter according to the magnitude of the intermediate variable.
In some implementations, said adjusting the current distortion control parameter according to the standard deviation ratio comprises: setting a coefficient as a first coefficient in response to the standard deviation ratio being greater than a third threshold, and adjusting the product of the current distortion control parameter and the first coefficient as a new current distortion control parameter; and setting a coefficient as a second coefficient in response to the standard deviation ratio being less than or equal to a third threshold, and adjusting the product of the current distortion control parameter and the second coefficient to a new current distortion control parameter.
In some embodiments, the obtaining an intermediate variable based on the current distortion control parameter, and determining the adjusted current distortion control parameter according to the magnitude of the intermediate variable includes: and multiplying the current distortion control parameter by a preset coefficient to obtain an intermediate variable, and adjusting the current distortion control parameter to a third threshold value in response to the intermediate variable being larger than the third threshold value, otherwise, adjusting the current distortion control parameter to the intermediate variable.
In some embodiments, the calibrating the previous and subsequent frame image variation information using the image marking block includes: the size of the marker block is determined according to the image resolution, the frame rate and the computational complexity.
In some embodiments, the method further comprises: and selecting a corresponding coding mode according to the adjusted current distortion control parameter to code the non-marking block of the current frame image.
In some embodiments, the fusing all encoded portions of the next frame image comprises: and fusing the coded data in the run-length coding mode and the normal coding mode into a group of codes according to the image position and the coding standard.
In another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a system for video image encoding, including: the marking module is configured to encode a first frame image by using a default distortion control parameter, and respond to encoding other images except the first frame image by using an image marking block to mark the change information of the front frame image and the back frame image, wherein the image marking block is positioned at the top area of each frame image; the prediction module is configured to calculate a code rate predicted value of a next frame image according to the code rate of a current frame image and the code rate change rate, wherein the code rate change rate is obtained according to the current frame image and a previous adjacent frame image of the current frame image; the calculating module is configured to calculate a current distortion control parameter according to the code rate predicted value of the next frame image, the change information of the previous and the next frame images and the target code rate, select the coding mode of each part of the next frame image by using the current distortion control parameter, and code the next frame image according to the selected coding mode; and the execution module is configured to fuse all the coded parts of the next frame image.
In yet another aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a computer apparatus, including: at least one processor; and a memory storing computer instructions executable on the processor, which when executed by the processor, perform the steps of the method as above.
In yet another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the method steps as described above.
The invention has the following beneficial technical effects: the method and the device use partial image blocks at the top of the image to calibrate the image changes of the frames before and after the image, and use the partial image blocks at the top of the image as the calculation factors for adjusting the compression parameters, and at most two groups of compression parameters possibly exist in the same frame, so that the quality of the compressed image is ensured while the code rate is controlled.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are necessary for the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention and that other embodiments may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a method for video image encoding provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a video image encoding process according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a hardware processing pipeline for video image encoding according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the position of a marker block according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a video image encoding system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a hardware architecture of an embodiment of a video image encoding computer device according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a computer storage medium for video image encoding according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present invention, all the expressions "first" and "second" are used to distinguish two entities with the same name but different entities or different parameters, and it is noted that the "first" and "second" are only used for convenience of expression, and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention, and the following embodiments are not described one by one.
In a first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, an embodiment of a method for video image encoding is provided. Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a video image encoding method provided by the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
s1, coding a first frame image by using a default distortion control parameter, and calibrating the change information of the front frame image and the rear frame image by using an image marking block in response to coding other images except the first frame image, wherein the image marking block is positioned at the top area of each frame image;
s2, calculating a code rate predicted value of a next frame image according to the code rate and the code rate change rate of a current frame image, wherein the code rate change rate is obtained according to the current frame image and a previous adjacent frame image of the current frame image;
s3, calculating to obtain a current distortion control parameter according to the code rate predicted value of the next frame image, the front and rear frame image change information and a target code rate, selecting the coding mode of each part of the next frame image by using the current distortion control parameter, and coding the next frame image according to the selected coding mode; and
s4, fusing all the coded parts of the next frame of image.
The invention realizes code rate control by adjusting compression parameters, but the calculation and adjustment process of the compression parameters are different from the prior art, and mainly comprises the following points: 1. in the prior art, only the relation between the current code rate and the target code rate is considered, the current code rate and the code rate change rate are considered, the predicted code rate of the next frame is calculated, and the predicted code rate of the next frame is used as a calculation factor for adjusting the value of the compression parameter; 2. when the current frame is coded, the image blocks at the top part of the image are used for calibrating the image changes of the previous and subsequent frames, and the image changes are also used as calculation factors for adjusting compression parameters; 3. in the prior art, the compression parameters are updated only between two frames of images, namely, the compression parameters in each frame are unchanged, and the proposal can adjust the compression parameters once again to carry out accurate correction after the coding of the marking block is finished, namely, at most two groups of compression parameters possibly exist in the same frame.
The embodiment of the invention is applicable to all standard resolutions, and the embodiment of the invention is exemplified by 1920 x 1080 resolution images.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of video image encoding provided by the present invention, fig. 3 is a schematic flow distribution chart of hardware processing of video image encoding provided by the present invention, and an embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to fig. 2 and 3.
And using a default distortion control parameter to encode the first frame image, and using an image marking block to mark the change information of the front frame image and the rear frame image in response to encoding other images except the first frame image, wherein the image marking block is positioned at the top area of each frame image. The first frame image refers to first frame data transmitted by the video image or first frame data transmitted after system reset. In the first frame image processing, since there is no data of the previous frame, a default or preset NEAR (distortion control parameter) is used in the processing, and updating of NEAR is not performed in the image encoding process. The image marking block refers to a portion for calculating a distortion control parameter in each frame image except the first frame image.
In some embodiments, the calibrating the previous and subsequent frame image variation information using the image marking block includes: the size of the marker block is determined according to the image resolution, the frame rate and the computational complexity.
The code stream statistics is always in a working state during image coding, and comprises a first frame and a subsequent frame, and mainly completes two functions:
1. and counting the coded code stream, namely counting the coded frame data length frame_en_cnt of the current frame after the coded code stream is fused. When in hardware implementation, frame_en_cnt is cleared when in image gap, i.e., frame_en_cnt=0; after starting to output encoded data, frame_en_cnt performs an accumulation operation according to the output encoded data length en_out, frame_en_cnt=frame_en_cnt+en_out. When the encoding of the current frame image is completed, the frame_en_cnt at this time is recorded and taken as the current frame length frame_length.
2. Statistics of the marker block MARK are performed. Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the position of a marker block according to the present invention, and as shown in fig. 4, the upper region of the image is taken as a marker region, and the marker block is segmented and denoted as MARK (marker block). The division of the marking blocks can be divided according to factors such as image resolution, frame rate, computational complexity and the like, in the embodiment of the invention, the upper 8 rows are used as marking areas, and the marking blocks with the size of 8*4 are divided for introducing 480 examples.
In some embodiments, the calibrating the previous and subsequent frame image variation information using the image marking block includes: and obtaining an expected proportion according to the data conditions of the previous frame image and the current frame image, obtaining a standard deviation proportion according to the data conditions of the current frame image, and adjusting the current distortion control parameters according to the expected proportion and the standard deviation proportion.
In some embodiments, the obtaining the desired proportion according to the data conditions of the previous frame image and the current frame image includes: calculating the difference value of expected values of the marking blocks of the front frame image and the rear frame image, quantizing the difference value to obtain an expected change value, and obtaining the expected proportion according to the expected change value.
In some embodiments, the quantifying the difference to obtain a desired variation value, and obtaining the desired ratio according to the desired variation value includes: setting the expected change value to be a first numerical value in response to the difference value being greater than a preset first judgment threshold parameter; setting the expected change value to a second value in response to the difference value being less than or equal to a preset first judgment threshold parameter; and determining a first quantity of the expected change value as a first value, and taking the ratio of the first quantity to the total number of the expected change values as an expected proportion.
In the case of statistics, the statistical object is data (bare data) before encoding. The expected statistical calculation of the image data values within the above-mentioned marker blocks (i.e., the average value of the data within one marker block) according to the block size is denoted as ex_n, and the statistical calculation of the standard deviation (the difference of the individual marker group) is denoted as std_n, where n is from 1 to 480.
Meanwhile, the expected value of the corresponding position of the previous frame is also stored during hardware processing and is marked as ex_b_n. After a group of expected values are calculated, the expected difference values of the front and rear frames MARK are synchronously calculated: dif_ex_n= |ex_n-ex_b_n|. And quantifying the difference: when dif_ex_n > dif_a, dif_q_n=1; otherwise, dif_q_n=0, where dif_a is a preset judgment threshold parameter, and dif_q_n is a quantized expected change value of the MARK block. After all MARK blocks dif_q_n are calculated, the number of MARK blocks with dif_q_n being 1 is counted and marked as dif_q_sum. The desired ratio ratio_m is then calculated: ratio_m=dif_q_sum/mark_sum, wherein mark_sum is the total number of MARK blocks, i.e. 480 in the embodiment of the present invention.
In some embodiments, the obtaining the standard deviation ratio according to the data condition of the current frame image includes: determining standard deviation of the current frame image marking block, quantifying the standard deviation to obtain a standard deviation change value, and obtaining the standard deviation proportion according to the standard deviation change value.
In some embodiments, the quantifying the standard deviation to obtain a standard deviation variation value, and obtaining the standard deviation ratio according to the standard deviation variation value includes: setting a standard deviation change value to a first numerical value in response to the standard deviation being greater than a preset second judgment threshold parameter; setting a standard deviation change value to a second value in response to the standard deviation being less than or equal to a preset second judgment threshold parameter; and determining a second quantity of which the standard deviation change value is the first value, and taking the ratio of the second quantity to the total number of the standard deviation change values as a standard deviation ratio.
The expected value is processed, and meanwhile, the standard deviation is also counted, and the difference between the expected value and the expected processing mode is that only the data condition of the current frame is needed to be considered when the standard deviation is counted, and the previous frame is not needed to be considered. The method comprises the following steps: when std_n > std_a, std_n=1; otherwise std_n=0; STD_A is a preset standard deviation judgment threshold parameter, and std_n is a quantized MARK standard deviation change value. After all MARK blocks std_n are calculated, the number of MARK blocks with std_n of 1 is counted and recorded as std_sum. The standard deviation ratio ratio_std is then calculated: ratio_std=std_sum/mark_sum, where mark_sum is the total number of mark blocks, i.e. 480 in the embodiment of the present invention.
Calculating a code rate predicted value of a next frame image according to the code rate and the code rate change rate of a current frame image, wherein the code rate change rate is obtained according to the current frame image and a previous adjacent frame image of the current frame image. The rate of change of the code rate can be obtained according to the current frame image and two adjacent frame images before the current frame, or can be obtained only according to the current frame image and two adjacent frame images before the current frame.
In some embodiments, the calculating the code rate prediction value of the next frame image according to the code rate and the code rate change rate of the current frame image includes: counting the frame data length of the current frame image, and calculating the frame length change rate according to the frame data length of the previous two frame images of the current frame image and the frame data length of the current frame image; and obtaining a length predicted value of the next frame image according to the frame data length of the current frame image and the frame length change rate.
And calculating to obtain a current distortion control parameter according to the code rate predicted value of the next frame, the front and back frame image change information and the target code rate, selecting a coding mode of the next frame image by using the current distortion control parameter, and coding the next frame image according to the selected coding mode.
In some embodiments, the calculating the current distortion control parameter according to the code rate predicted value of the next frame image, the previous and subsequent frame image change information and the target code rate includes: and obtaining the compression rate according to the length predicted value of the next frame image, the standard compression ratio and the code rate of the video image, and obtaining the current distortion control parameter according to the compression rate.
After the encoding of the current frame image is completed, frame_length data can be obtained. Meanwhile, this section also records the frame lengths of the first 2 frames of the current frame, denoted as frame_lens_b1 and frame_lens_b2. Calculating the frame length change rate: frame_tran= [ (frame_lens_b2-frame_lens_b1) + (frame_lens_b1-frame_length) ]/2. Before the next frame of image data starts to be encoded, a length prediction value pre_frame=frame_length+frame_tran is first generated, i.e., a frame length frame_length plus a frame length change rate frame_tran after encoding using a previous encoding frame. Where frame_tran is the signed number, i.e. can be negative.
According to the calculation process of the JPEG-LS algorithm, the relation between the compression ratio expression and the distortion control parameter NEAR can be approximated as a linear relation of positive correlation, and expressed as expression=a×near+c, where a is an experimental fit coefficient, typically a constant between 0.3 and 0.5, and c is also an experimental fit coefficient, typically a constant between 2 and 3. In an actual application scenario, the code rate_rate_st of the video image is generally preset, and divided by the frame rate to be converted into a preset standard length of each frame, i.e., en_code_st=code_rate_st/fps. Meanwhile, the standard compression ratio compact_st (generally, the compression ratio is fitted by a large amount of image data in advance) can be obtained according to the code rate, and the compression ratio can be regarded as a constant in the subsequent calculation, wherein the value is between 2 and 6, when the value exceeds 6, the quality of the compressed image is seriously reduced, and when the value is less than 2, the compression ratio is too low.
pre_frame/en_code_st=express/express_st+b, the value b of which is a correction coefficient;
the compression= (pre_frame×compression_st)/en_code_st, wherein the pre_frame identifies the prediction length of the next frame image, the en_code_st represents the standard length preset for each frame, and the compression_st represents the standard compression ratio.
When the current frame image starts (or when the frame is in a gap), the compression rate calculated by using the above formula is the pre-update compression rate pre_compression, and the FIRST NEAR parameter near_first can be calculated by using the expression of compression=a+c, and updated to the corresponding calculation unit. When the current frame is encoded in the MARK region, the near_first is used as a NEAR parameter for encoding mode selection, and near=near_first.
In some embodiments, the selecting the coding mode of the portions of the next frame image using the current distortion control parameters comprises: and calculating local gradients according to pixel points generated during the context modeling of the part to be encoded, selecting a run-length encoding mode to encode the part to be encoded in response to all local gradients being smaller than or equal to the distortion control parameter, and otherwise, selecting a normal encoding mode to encode the part to be encoded.
In some embodiments, the computing the local gradient from pixels generated when the portion to be encoded is context modeled includes: the four point pixels to the left, upper left, right and upper right of the pixel to be encoded are selected for context modeling.
In some embodiments, the computing the local gradient from pixels generated when the portion to be encoded is context modeled includes: and calculating a first pixel difference value between the upper right point pixel and the upper right point pixel, calculating a second pixel difference value between the upper right point pixel and the upper left point pixel, and calculating a third pixel difference value between the upper left point pixel and the left point pixel.
And selecting peripheral pixel points of the pixel to be coded, namely selecting four pixels (corresponding to A, C, B, D) on the left side, the upper right side and the upper right side, and realizing context modeling. Coding mode selection refers to computing local gradients from pixels generated when context modeling:
D1=D–B;D2=B–C;D3=C–A;
when the values of D1, D2 and D3 are all smaller than or equal to NEAR, the current pixel to be encoded enters a run-length encoding mode, otherwise, the current pixel to be encoded enters a normal encoding mode (the part is a standard algorithm flow).
In some embodiments, said adjusting said current distortion control parameter according to said desired ratio and standard deviation ratio comprises: in response to the desired ratio being less than or equal to a first threshold, not adjusting the current distortion control parameter; responsive to the desired ratio being greater than a first threshold and less than a second threshold, adjusting the current distortion control parameter according to the standard deviation ratio; and in response to the desired ratio being greater than a second threshold, obtaining an intermediate variable based on the current distortion control parameter, and determining an adjusted current distortion control parameter according to the magnitude of the intermediate variable.
In some implementations, said adjusting the current distortion control parameter according to the standard deviation ratio comprises: setting a coefficient as a first coefficient in response to the standard deviation ratio being greater than a third threshold, and adjusting the product of the current distortion control parameter and the first coefficient as a new current distortion control parameter; and setting a coefficient as a second coefficient in response to the standard deviation ratio being less than or equal to a third threshold, and adjusting the product of the current distortion control parameter and the second coefficient to a new current distortion control parameter.
In some embodiments, the obtaining an intermediate variable based on the current distortion control parameter, and determining the adjusted current distortion control parameter according to the magnitude of the intermediate variable includes: and multiplying the current distortion control parameter by a preset coefficient to obtain an intermediate variable, and adjusting the current distortion control parameter to a third threshold value in response to the intermediate variable being larger than the third threshold value, otherwise, adjusting the current distortion control parameter to the intermediate variable.
When the MARK region coding is completed, the ratio_m and the ratio_std can be obtained, and NEAR is corrected and updated according to the values. The method comprises the following steps:
When ratio_m < = 0.2, the previous and subsequent frame image information is considered not to change greatly, so that the pre-calculated FIRST NEAR parameter near_first is used as the NEAR parameter for coding mode selection;
NEAR performs a secondary correction when 0.2< ratio_m <0.7, near=near_first x h, where h is a parameter based on ratio_std, ratio_std >0.5, h=1.2; when ratio_std < = 0.5, h=0.8;
when ratio_m= >0.7, the change of the previous and subsequent frame image information is considered to be very large, which is a situation that is relatively small in the actual video image, and when the NEAR value is increased in order to ensure that the code rate does not exceed the predetermined value, the increasing amount is related to near_first, the intermediate variable is calculated FIRST:
NEAR_TEMP=NEAR_FIRST*1.5;
then correct the intermediate variable, when near_temp is greater than 8, then near=8; otherwise NEAR = near_temp.
In some embodiments, the method further comprises: and selecting a corresponding coding mode according to the adjusted current distortion control parameter to code the non-marking block of the current frame image.
And updating the corrected NEAR value to a corresponding calculation unit. When the current frame is subjected to coding calculation in a non-MARK region (all images below the MARK region), the updated and corrected NEAR parameters are used for coding mode selection, and the coding mode selection process is the same as that described above.
And fusing all the coded parts of the next frame of image.
In some embodiments, the fusing all encoded portions of the next frame image comprises: and fusing the coded data in the run-length coding mode and the normal coding mode into a group of codes according to the image position and the coding standard.
After the coding mode selection is completed, the image data respectively enter run-length coding and normal coding to carry out image coding, and then the coded data in the run-length coding and normal coding modes are fused into a group of codes according to the image position and the coding standard.
It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the video image encoding method, the steps may be intersected, replaced, added and subtracted, so that the method of image encoding by these reasonable permutation and combination transformations shall also belong to the protection scope of the present invention, and shall not limit the protection scope of the present invention to the embodiments.
Based on the above object, a second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention proposes a system for video image encoding. As shown in fig. 5, the system 200 includes the following modules: the marking module is configured to encode a first frame image by using a default distortion control parameter, and respond to encoding other images except the first frame image by using an image marking block to mark the change information of the front frame image and the back frame image, wherein the image marking block is positioned at the top area of each frame image; the prediction module is configured to calculate a code rate predicted value of a next frame image according to the code rate of a current frame image and the code rate change rate, wherein the code rate change rate is obtained according to the current frame image and a previous adjacent frame image of the current frame image; the calculating module is configured to calculate a current distortion control parameter according to the code rate predicted value of the next frame image, the change information of the previous and the next frame images and the target code rate, select the coding mode of each part of the next frame image by using the current distortion control parameter, and code the next frame image according to the selected coding mode; and the execution module is configured to fuse all the coded parts of the next frame image.
In some embodiments, the marking module is configured to: and obtaining an expected proportion according to the data condition of the previous frame image and the current frame image, obtaining a standard deviation proportion according to the data condition of the current frame image, and adjusting the current distortion control parameter according to the expected proportion and the standard deviation proportion.
In some embodiments, the marking module is configured to: calculating the difference value of expected values of the marking blocks of the adjacent front and rear frame images, quantizing the difference value to obtain an expected change value, and obtaining the expected proportion according to the expected change value.
In some embodiments, the marking module is configured to: setting the expected change value to be a first numerical value in response to the difference value being greater than a preset first judgment threshold parameter; setting the expected change value to a second value in response to the difference value being less than or equal to a preset first judgment threshold parameter; and determining a first quantity of the expected change value as a first value, and taking the ratio of the first quantity to the total number of the expected change values as an expected proportion.
In some embodiments, the marking module is configured to: determining standard deviation of a marking block of the current frame image, quantifying the standard deviation to obtain a standard deviation change value, and obtaining the standard deviation proportion according to the standard deviation change value.
In some embodiments, the marking module is configured to: setting a standard deviation change value to a first numerical value in response to the standard deviation being greater than a preset second judgment threshold parameter; setting a standard deviation change value to a second value in response to the standard deviation being less than or equal to a preset second judgment threshold parameter; and determining a second quantity of which the standard deviation change value is the first value, and taking the ratio of the second quantity to the total number of the standard deviation change values as a standard deviation ratio.
In some embodiments, the prediction module is configured to: counting the frame data length of the current frame image, and calculating the frame length change rate according to the frame data length of the previous two frame images of the current frame image and the frame data length of the current frame image; and obtaining a length predicted value of the next frame image according to the frame data length of the current frame image and the frame length change rate.
In some embodiments, the computing module is configured to: and obtaining the compression rate according to the length predicted value of the next frame image, the standard compression ratio and the code rate of the video image, and obtaining the current distortion control parameter according to the compression rate.
In some embodiments, the computing module is configured to: and calculating local gradients according to pixel points generated during the context modeling of the part to be encoded, selecting a run-length encoding mode to encode the part to be encoded in response to all local gradients being smaller than or equal to the distortion control parameter, and otherwise, selecting a normal encoding mode to encode the part to be encoded.
In some embodiments, the computing module is configured to: the four point pixels to the left, upper left, right and upper right of the pixel to be encoded are selected for context modeling.
In some embodiments, the computing module is configured to: and calculating a first pixel difference value between the upper right point pixel and the upper right point pixel, calculating a second pixel difference value between the upper right point pixel and the upper left point pixel, and calculating a third pixel difference value between the upper left point pixel and the left point pixel.
In some embodiments, the marking module is configured to: in response to the desired ratio being less than or equal to a first threshold, not adjusting the current distortion control parameter; responsive to the desired ratio being greater than a first threshold and less than a second threshold, adjusting the current distortion control parameter according to the standard deviation ratio; and in response to the desired ratio being greater than a second threshold, obtaining an intermediate variable based on the current distortion control parameter, and determining an adjusted current distortion control parameter according to the magnitude of the intermediate variable.
In some embodiments, the marking module is configured to: setting a coefficient as a first coefficient in response to the standard deviation ratio being greater than a third threshold, and adjusting the product of the current distortion control parameter and the first coefficient as a new current distortion control parameter; and setting a coefficient as a second coefficient in response to the standard deviation ratio being less than or equal to a third threshold, and adjusting the product of the current distortion control parameter and the second coefficient to a new current distortion control parameter.
In some embodiments, the marking module is configured to: and multiplying the current distortion control parameter by a preset coefficient to obtain an intermediate variable, and adjusting the current distortion control parameter to a third threshold value in response to the intermediate variable being larger than the third threshold value, otherwise, adjusting the current distortion control parameter to the intermediate variable.
In some embodiments, the marking module is configured to: the size of the marker block is determined according to the image resolution, the frame rate and the computational complexity.
In some embodiments, the system further comprises an encoding module configured to: and selecting a corresponding coding mode according to the adjusted current distortion control parameter to code the non-marking block of the current frame image.
In some embodiments, the execution module is configured to: and fusing the coded data in the run-length coding mode and the normal coding mode into a group of codes according to the image position and the coding standard.
In view of the above object, a third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a computer device, including: at least one processor; and a memory storing computer instructions executable on the processor, the instructions being executable by the processor to perform the steps of: s1, coding a first frame image by using a default distortion control parameter, and calibrating the change information of the front frame image and the rear frame image by using an image marking block in response to coding other images except the first frame image, wherein the image marking block is positioned at the top area of each frame image; s2, calculating a code rate predicted value of a next frame image according to the code rate and the code rate change rate of a current frame image, wherein the code rate change rate is obtained according to the current frame image and a previous adjacent frame image of the current frame image; s3, calculating to obtain a current distortion control parameter according to the code rate predicted value of the next frame image, the front and rear frame image change information and a target code rate, selecting the coding mode of each part of the next frame image by using the current distortion control parameter, and coding the next frame image according to the selected coding mode; and S4, fusing all the coded parts of the next frame of image.
In some embodiments, the calibrating the previous and subsequent frame image variation information using the image marking block includes: and obtaining an expected proportion according to the data condition of the previous frame image and the current frame image, obtaining a standard deviation proportion according to the data condition of the current frame image, and adjusting the current distortion control parameter according to the expected proportion and the standard deviation proportion.
In some embodiments, the obtaining the desired proportion according to the data conditions of the previous frame image and the current frame image includes: calculating the difference value of expected values of the marking blocks of the adjacent front and rear frame images, quantizing the difference value to obtain an expected change value, and obtaining the expected proportion according to the expected change value.
In some embodiments, the quantifying the difference to obtain a desired variation value, and obtaining the desired ratio according to the desired variation value includes: setting the expected change value to be a first numerical value in response to the difference value being greater than a preset first judgment threshold parameter; setting the expected change value to a second value in response to the difference value being less than or equal to a preset first judgment threshold parameter; and determining a first quantity of the expected change value as a first value, and taking the ratio of the first quantity to the total number of the expected change values as an expected proportion.
In some embodiments, the obtaining the standard deviation ratio according to the data condition of the current frame image includes: determining standard deviation of a marking block of the current frame image, quantifying the standard deviation to obtain a standard deviation change value, and obtaining the standard deviation proportion according to the standard deviation change value.
In some embodiments, the quantifying the standard deviation to obtain a standard deviation variation value, and obtaining the standard deviation ratio according to the standard deviation variation value includes: setting a standard deviation change value to a first numerical value in response to the standard deviation being greater than a preset second judgment threshold parameter; setting a standard deviation change value to a second value in response to the standard deviation being less than or equal to a preset second judgment threshold parameter; and determining a second quantity of which the standard deviation change value is the first value, and taking the ratio of the second quantity to the total number of the standard deviation change values as a standard deviation ratio.
In some embodiments, the calculating the code rate prediction value of the next frame image according to the code rate and the code rate change rate of the current frame image includes: counting the frame data length of the current frame image, and calculating the frame length change rate according to the frame data length of the previous two frame images of the current frame image and the frame data length of the current frame image; and obtaining a length predicted value of the next frame image according to the frame data length of the current frame image and the frame length change rate.
In some embodiments, the calculating the current distortion control parameter according to the code rate predicted value of the next frame image, the previous and subsequent frame image change information and the target code rate includes: and obtaining the compression rate according to the length predicted value of the next frame image, the standard compression ratio and the code rate of the video image, and obtaining the current distortion control parameter according to the compression rate.
In some embodiments, the selecting the coding mode of the portions of the next frame image using the current distortion control parameters comprises: and calculating local gradients according to pixel points generated during the context modeling of the part to be encoded, selecting a run-length encoding mode to encode the part to be encoded in response to all local gradients being smaller than or equal to the distortion control parameter, and otherwise, selecting a normal encoding mode to encode the part to be encoded.
In some embodiments, the computing the local gradient from pixels generated when the portion to be encoded is context modeled includes: the four point pixels to the left, upper left, right and upper right of the pixel to be encoded are selected for context modeling.
In some embodiments, the computing the local gradient from pixels generated when the portion to be encoded is context modeled includes: and calculating a first pixel difference value between the upper right point pixel and the upper right point pixel, calculating a second pixel difference value between the upper right point pixel and the upper left point pixel, and calculating a third pixel difference value between the upper left point pixel and the left point pixel.
In some embodiments, said adjusting said current distortion control parameter according to said desired ratio and standard deviation ratio comprises: in response to the desired ratio being less than or equal to a first threshold, not adjusting the current distortion control parameter; responsive to the desired ratio being greater than a first threshold and less than a second threshold, adjusting the current distortion control parameter according to the standard deviation ratio; and in response to the desired ratio being greater than a second threshold, obtaining an intermediate variable based on the current distortion control parameter, and determining an adjusted current distortion control parameter according to the magnitude of the intermediate variable.
In some implementations, said adjusting the current distortion control parameter according to the standard deviation ratio comprises: setting a coefficient as a first coefficient in response to the standard deviation ratio being greater than a third threshold, and adjusting the product of the current distortion control parameter and the first coefficient as a new current distortion control parameter; and setting a coefficient as a second coefficient in response to the standard deviation ratio being less than or equal to a third threshold, and adjusting the product of the current distortion control parameter and the second coefficient to a new current distortion control parameter.
In some embodiments, the obtaining an intermediate variable based on the current distortion control parameter, and determining the adjusted current distortion control parameter according to the magnitude of the intermediate variable includes: and multiplying the current distortion control parameter by a preset coefficient to obtain an intermediate variable, and adjusting the current distortion control parameter to a third threshold value in response to the intermediate variable being larger than the third threshold value, otherwise, adjusting the current distortion control parameter to the intermediate variable.
In some embodiments, the calibrating the previous and subsequent frame image variation information using the image marking block includes: the size of the marker block is determined according to the image resolution, the frame rate and the computational complexity.
In some embodiments, the steps further comprise: and selecting a corresponding coding mode according to the adjusted current distortion control parameter to code the non-marking block of the current frame image.
In some embodiments, the fusing all encoded portions of the next frame image comprises: and fusing the coded data in the run-length coding mode and the normal coding mode into a group of codes according to the image position and the coding standard.
Fig. 6 is a schematic hardware structure of an embodiment of the video image encoding computer device according to the present invention.
Taking the example of the apparatus shown in fig. 6, a processor 301 and a memory 302 are included in the apparatus.
The processor 301 and the memory 302 may be connected by a bus or otherwise, for example in fig. 6.
The memory 302 is used as a non-volatile computer readable storage medium for storing non-volatile software programs, non-volatile computer executable programs, and modules, such as program instructions/modules corresponding to the video image encoding method in the embodiments of the present application. The processor 301 executes various functional applications of the server and data processing, i.e., a method of implementing video image encoding, by running nonvolatile software programs, instructions, and modules stored in the memory 302.
Any one embodiment of a computer device that performs the above-described method of video image encoding may achieve the same or similar effects as any of the previously-described method embodiments corresponding thereto.
The present invention also provides a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program which when executed by a processor performs a method of image encoding.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the above-mentioned image encoding computer storage medium according to the present invention. Taking a computer storage medium as shown in fig. 7 as an example, the computer readable storage medium 401 stores a computer program 402 that when executed by a processor performs the above method.
Claims (16)
1. A method of video image encoding, comprising the steps of:
encoding a first frame image by using a default distortion control parameter, and calibrating the change information of the front frame image and the rear frame image by using an image marking block in response to encoding other images except the first frame image, wherein the image marking block is positioned at the top area of each frame image;
Calculating a code rate predicted value of a next frame image according to the code rate and the code rate change rate of a current frame image, wherein the code rate change rate is obtained according to the current frame image and a previous adjacent frame image of the current frame image;
calculating to obtain a current distortion control parameter according to the code rate predicted value of the next frame image, the change information of the previous and the next frame images and a target code rate, selecting the coding mode of each part of the next frame image by using the current distortion control parameter, and coding the next frame image according to the selected coding mode; and
fusing all coded parts of the next frame image,
the calibrating of the image change information of the front frame and the rear frame by using the image marking block comprises the following steps:
determining the size of a mark block according to the image resolution, the frame rate and the calculation complexity;
obtaining an expected proportion according to the data condition of the previous frame image and the current frame image, obtaining a standard deviation proportion according to the data condition of the current frame image, adjusting the current distortion control parameter according to the expected proportion and the standard deviation proportion,
the obtaining the expected proportion according to the data condition of the previous frame image and the current frame image comprises the following steps:
calculating the difference value of expected values of the marking blocks of the adjacent front and rear frame images, quantizing the difference value to obtain an expected change value, obtaining the expected proportion according to the expected change value,
The step of obtaining the standard deviation ratio according to the data condition of the current frame image comprises the following steps:
determining standard deviation of a marking block of the current frame image, quantifying the standard deviation to obtain a standard deviation change value, and obtaining the standard deviation proportion according to the standard deviation change value.
2. The method of video image coding according to claim 1, wherein said quantizing the difference value to obtain a desired change value, and obtaining the desired ratio according to the desired change value comprises:
setting the expected change value to be a first numerical value in response to the difference value being greater than a preset first judgment threshold parameter;
setting the expected change value to a second value in response to the difference value being less than or equal to a preset first judgment threshold parameter; and
a first number of desired change values is determined as a first number and a ratio of the first number to a total number of desired change values is taken as a desired ratio.
3. The method of video image encoding according to claim 1, wherein said quantizing the standard deviation to obtain a standard deviation variation value, and obtaining the standard deviation ratio according to the standard deviation variation value comprises:
setting a standard deviation change value to a first numerical value in response to the standard deviation being greater than a preset second judgment threshold parameter;
Setting a standard deviation change value to a second value in response to the standard deviation being less than or equal to a preset second judgment threshold parameter; and
and determining a second quantity of which the standard deviation change value is the first value, and taking the ratio of the second quantity to the total number of the standard deviation change values as a standard deviation ratio.
4. The method of video image coding according to claim 1, wherein calculating a code rate prediction value of a next frame image according to a code rate and a code rate change rate of a current frame image comprises:
counting the frame data length of the current frame image, and calculating the frame length change rate according to the frame data length of the previous two frame images of the current frame image and the frame data length of the current frame image; and
and obtaining a length predicted value of the next frame image according to the frame data length of the current frame image and the frame length change rate.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein calculating the current distortion control parameter according to the code rate prediction value of the next frame image, the previous and subsequent frame image change information, and the target code rate comprises:
and obtaining the compression rate according to the length predicted value of the next frame image, the standard compression ratio and the code rate of the video image, and obtaining the current distortion control parameter according to the compression rate.
6. The method of video image coding according to claim 5, wherein said selecting a coding mode of portions of the next frame image using the current distortion control parameters comprises:
and calculating local gradients according to pixel points generated during the context modeling of the part to be encoded, selecting a run-length encoding mode to encode the part to be encoded in response to all local gradients being smaller than or equal to the distortion control parameter, and otherwise, selecting a normal encoding mode to encode the part to be encoded.
7. The method of video image encoding according to claim 6, wherein said calculating local gradients from pixels generated when modeling the context of the portion to be encoded comprises:
the four point pixels to the left, upper left, right and upper right of the pixel to be encoded are selected for context modeling.
8. The method of video image encoding according to claim 7, wherein said calculating local gradients from pixels generated when modeling the context of the portion to be encoded comprises:
and calculating a first pixel difference value between the upper right point pixel and the upper right point pixel, calculating a second pixel difference value between the upper right point pixel and the upper left point pixel, and calculating a third pixel difference value between the upper left point pixel and the left point pixel.
9. The method of video image encoding according to claim 1, wherein said adjusting the current distortion control parameter according to the desired scale and standard deviation scale comprises:
in response to the desired ratio being less than or equal to a first threshold, not adjusting the current distortion control parameter;
responsive to the desired ratio being greater than a first threshold and less than a second threshold, adjusting the current distortion control parameter according to the standard deviation ratio; and
and responding to the expected proportion being larger than a second threshold value, obtaining an intermediate variable based on the current distortion control parameter, and determining an adjusted current distortion control parameter according to the magnitude of the intermediate variable.
10. The method of video image coding according to claim 9, wherein said adjusting said current distortion control parameter according to said standard deviation scale comprises:
setting a coefficient as a first coefficient in response to the standard deviation ratio being greater than a third threshold, and adjusting the product of the current distortion control parameter and the first coefficient as a new current distortion control parameter; and
and setting a coefficient as a second coefficient in response to the standard deviation ratio being less than or equal to a third threshold, and adjusting the product of the current distortion control parameter and the second coefficient to be a new current distortion control parameter.
11. The method of video image coding according to claim 9, wherein the obtaining an intermediate variable based on the current distortion control parameter and determining the adjusted current distortion control parameter according to the magnitude of the intermediate variable comprises:
and multiplying the current distortion control parameter by a preset coefficient to obtain an intermediate variable, and adjusting the current distortion control parameter to a third threshold value in response to the intermediate variable being larger than the third threshold value, otherwise, adjusting the current distortion control parameter to the intermediate variable.
12. The method of video image encoding of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
and selecting a corresponding coding mode according to the adjusted current distortion control parameter to code the non-marking block of the current frame image.
13. The method of video image encoding according to claim 12, wherein said fusing all the encoded portions of the next frame image comprises:
and fusing the coded data in the run-length coding mode and the normal coding mode into a group of codes according to the image position and the coding standard.
14. A system for video image encoding, comprising:
The marking module is configured to encode a first frame image by using a default distortion control parameter, and respond to encoding other images except the first frame image by using an image marking block to mark the change information of the front frame image and the back frame image, wherein the image marking block is positioned at the top area of each frame image;
the prediction module is configured to calculate a code rate predicted value of a next frame image according to the code rate of a current frame image and the code rate change rate, wherein the code rate change rate is obtained according to the current frame image and a previous adjacent frame image of the current frame image;
the calculating module is configured to calculate a current distortion control parameter according to the code rate predicted value of the next frame image, the change information of the previous and the next frame images and the target code rate, select the coding mode of each part of the next frame image by using the current distortion control parameter, and code the next frame image according to the selected coding mode; and
an execution module configured to fuse all the encoded parts of the next frame image,
the marking module is configured to:
determining the size of a mark block according to the image resolution, the frame rate and the calculation complexity;
Obtaining an expected proportion according to the data condition of the previous frame image and the current frame image, obtaining a standard deviation proportion according to the data condition of the current frame image, adjusting the current distortion control parameter according to the expected proportion and the standard deviation proportion,
the marking module is further configured to:
calculating the difference value of expected values of the marking blocks of the adjacent front and rear frame images, quantizing the difference value to obtain an expected change value, obtaining the expected proportion according to the expected change value,
the marking module is further configured to:
determining standard deviation of a marking block of the current frame image, quantifying the standard deviation to obtain a standard deviation change value, and obtaining the standard deviation proportion according to the standard deviation change value.
15. A computer device, comprising:
at least one processor; and
a memory storing computer instructions executable on the processor, which when executed by the processor, perform the steps of the method of any one of claims 1-13.
16. A computer readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that the computer program when executed by a processor implements the steps of the method of any one of claims 1-13.
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