CN115985041B - Improved bridge safety monitoring comprehensive alarm analysis method and system - Google Patents
Improved bridge safety monitoring comprehensive alarm analysis method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an improved bridge safety monitoring comprehensive alarm analysis method and system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: s1, calculating various alarm index values according to monitoring data, wherein the alarm index values comprise environment action indexes and structure influence indexes; s2, scoring each alarm index value according to a set scoring standard; s3, single-index alarm analysis and multi-index comprehensive alarm analysis are carried out according to the obtained scores of all the alarm indexes; s4, adopting corresponding post-alarm measures according to the results of single-index alarm analysis and multi-index comprehensive alarm analysis. The invention integrates the advantages of single-index alarm analysis and multi-index comprehensive alarm analysis methods, can grasp the local state and the whole state of the bridge structure at the same time, and effectively makes up the defects of the existing alarm system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bridge monitoring, in particular to an improved comprehensive alarm analysis method and system for bridge safety monitoring.
Background
The structural alarm is an important component of the bridge safety monitoring system, and has important significance for fully playing the role of the bridge safety monitoring system and guaranteeing the safety operation of the bridge structure.
Existing structural alarm analysis methods can be divided into two categories: single index alarm analysis and multi index comprehensive alarm analysis method. The former only carries out independent analysis on each alarm index, and lacks comprehensive consideration on the integral state of the structure; the latter is a new method developed in recent years, and although the overall state of the bridge can be comprehensively evaluated, the risk of local damage to the structure is easily ignored.
At present, in single-index alarm analysis, the situation of accidental false alarm exists in the observance, manual intervention and judgment are often needed, and the efficiency of alarm work is greatly reduced.
Because the multi-index comprehensive alarm analysis method is relatively complex, a large amount of statistic updating of monitoring data is needed in the processing process, and the method is difficult to apply in actual engineering. Meanwhile, the visualization degree of analysis results of each stage of comprehensive alarm still has great room for improvement.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide an improved bridge safety monitoring comprehensive alarm analysis method and system. The advantages of the single-index alarm analysis and multi-index comprehensive alarm analysis method are combined, the local state and the whole state of the bridge structure can be simultaneously mastered, and the defects of the existing alarm system are effectively overcome.
The aim of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides an improved method of bridge safety monitoring integrated alarm analysis, comprising:
s1, calculating various alarm index values according to monitoring data, wherein the alarm index values comprise environment action indexes and structure influence indexes;
s2, scoring each alarm index value according to a set scoring standard;
s3, single-index alarm analysis and multi-index comprehensive alarm analysis are carried out according to the obtained scores of all the alarm indexes;
s4, adopting corresponding post-alarm measures according to the results of single-index alarm analysis and multi-index comprehensive alarm analysis.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises:
SB1 sets corresponding alarm indexes according to bridge safety monitoring data, wherein the alarm indexes comprise 10min average wind speed, component temperature difference, 15min average fatigue vehicle load, inhaul cable force, component stress and structural deformation.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises:
SB2 calculates the alarm index threshold;
SB3 establishes each alarm index scoring standard.
In one embodiment, SB2 specifically comprises:
the 95% and 5% quantile values of the probability distribution function of the maximum and minimum daily values of the alarm index are set as yellow thresholds, and the 95% and 5% quantile values of the probability distribution function of the maximum and minimum daily values are set as red thresholds.
The step SB3 specifically comprises: and carrying out normalization processing on each alarm index in a scoring mode, and formulating corresponding scoring standards according to the calculated alarm index threshold value.
In one embodiment, in step S3, single-index alarm analysis is performed according to the obtained scores of the alarm indexes, including:
and determining a critical limit value of the single-index alarming frequency by adopting a probability analysis method, and alarming an alarming index with the alarming frequency exceeding the critical value.
In one embodiment, in step S3, the multi-index comprehensive alarm analysis is performed according to the obtained scores of the alarm indexes, including:
1) Determining the weights of various environmental action types and structural response type alarm indexes by using an analytic hierarchy process;
2) According to the weight of each alarm index, respectively calculating the classified comprehensive alarm scores of the environmental action and the structural response, wherein the calculation formula is as follows
R＝∑β i ·G i
Wherein R is the comprehensive alarm score of environmental action class or structural response class; g i Scoring an ith alarm index of an environmental action class or a structural response class; beta i The weight of each alarm index of the environmental action class or the structural response class;
3) Determining a corresponding comprehensive alarm level;
4) And determining the integral alarm level of the structure.
In a second aspect, the invention provides an improved bridge safety monitoring comprehensive alarm analysis system, which comprises a cloud platform and a cloud terminal, wherein the cloud platform is used for reading monitoring data from a database;
the cloud terminal is used for reading monitoring data from the cloud platform and calculating various alarm index values according to the monitoring data, wherein the alarm index values comprise environment action indexes and structure influence indexes;
the cloud terminal is also used for scoring each alarm index value according to the set scoring standard;
the cloud platform is also used for carrying out single-index alarm analysis and multi-index comprehensive alarm analysis according to the obtained scores of all the alarm indexes;
the cloud terminal is also used for taking corresponding post-alarm measures according to the results of single-index alarm analysis and multi-index comprehensive alarm analysis.
In one embodiment, the cloud platform comprises a data storage module, an alarm analysis module and an alarm result visualization module;
the cloud terminal comprises an alarm index calculation module and a post-alarm measure making module.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The multi-index comprehensive alarm analysis method is a structure alarm method developed in recent years, but the risk of neglecting local damage of a structure inevitably exists. The invention provides an improved comprehensive alarm analysis method for bridge safety monitoring, which simultaneously takes advantages of single-index alarm analysis and multi-index comprehensive alarm analysis methods into consideration, can grasp the local state and the whole state of a bridge structure at the same time, and effectively overcomes the defects of the existing alarm system.
(2) In the single-index alarm analysis, a probability analysis method is adopted to determine the critical limit value of the alarm frequency, the alarm frequency in a period is used as a discrimination alarm condition, and the method is more in line with the actual engineering situation than the traditional single-index alarm method by adopting single-trigger alarm, so that the occurrence of false alarm situations can be effectively reduced, and the workload of engineering management staff is obviously reduced.
(3) A set of structure alarm software is developed by combining with cloud computing design, so that the safety monitoring requirement of a large-scale engineering structure can be met. The method successfully solves the 'feasible' problem of the improved bridge safety monitoring comprehensive alarm analysis method applied to actual engineering through reasonable algorithm flow design and rapid hybrid programming technology application.
(4) And the latest webpage technology is applied, and brand new structural alarm front-end software is designed and developed. The method has the advantages that various alarm results are quickly pushed to management staff by adopting a scientific and attractive display form, so that the management working cost is effectively reduced, and the problem that an improved bridge safety monitoring comprehensive alarm analysis method is applied to the visualization of actual engineering is successfully solved.
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The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which embodiments do not constitute any limitation of the invention, and other drawings can be obtained by one of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort from the following drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of an exemplary improved method for monitoring and analyzing a comprehensive alarm for bridge safety according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of steps of an exemplary improved bridge safety monitoring integrated alarm analysis method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall framework of an exemplary improved bridge safety monitoring and alarm analysis system in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a scoring algorithm for wind speed alarm indicators according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a single index alarm analysis algorithm according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a multi-index comprehensive alarm analysis algorithm according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a diagram of single index alarm result visualization according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a visual representation of the overall alarm result of a structure according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a diagram of a visual representation of the results of a classified comprehensive alarm in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of visualization of alarm indicator scoring results according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in connection with the following application scenario.
Referring to fig. 1, an exemplary improved flow chart of a method for analyzing the comprehensive alarm of bridge safety monitoring is shown, which combines the advantages of the single-index alarm analysis and the multi-index comprehensive alarm analysis method, can grasp the local state and the whole state of the bridge structure at the same time, and effectively overcomes the defects of the existing alarm system. The analysis flow of the method is mainly divided into 3 stages: the first stage is alarm index analysis, and aims to obtain scores of various alarm indexes; the second stage is structural state analysis, and aims to grasp the local state and the overall state of the bridge structure; and the third stage is the formulation of post-police measures, and aims to ensure the safe operation of the bridge structure.
Referring to fig. 2, the improved comprehensive alarm analysis method for bridge safety monitoring mainly comprises the following steps:
SB1 sets up corresponding alarm index according to bridge safety monitoring data. Indicators can be categorized into environmental roles and structural responses. Generally comprises 10min average wind speed, component temperature difference, 15min average fatigue vehicle load, inhaul cable force, component stress, structural deformation and the like.
S1, calculating various alarm index values. Different analysis and calculation methods are adopted according to the characteristics of the monitoring data, and the common methods are as follows:
1) Average wind speed of 10min
The calculation formula of the average wind speed for 10min is
V in i The wind speed per second can be obtained by monitoring the wind speed by a wind speed monitoring sensor.
2) Temperature difference of component
The calculation formula of the component temperature difference is
In the middle ofIs the average temperature of the steel member; />Is the average temperature of the concrete member.
3) Average fatigue vehicle load of 15min
The calculation formula of the fatigue vehicle load is as follows
F＝∑n i W i 3
W in the formula i The equivalent total weight of the i-th class of vehicles can be obtained by manually carrying out traffic parameter investigation on the bridge; n is n i Is the number of class i vehicles.
4) Cable force of stay cable
The calculation formula of the inhaul cable force is
Wherein T is the cable force of the inhaul cable; m is the mass of the boom per unit length; l is the calculated length of the suspender; f (f) n Is the nth order natural vibration frequency of the suspension rod.
5) Component stress
The stress calculation formula of the steel structure member is
σ Steel and method for producing same ＝E Steel and method for producing same K(f 1 2 -f 0 2 )
K is the calculated coefficient of the vibrating wire sensor; f (f) 0 And f 1 The frequencies measured by the vibrating wire sensor and the vibrating wire sensor are respectively measured twice.
The stress calculation formula of the concrete member is
σ Concrete ＝E Concrete [K(f 1 2 -f 0 2 )+(α-β)ΔT-(ε Shrinkage of -ε Creep )]
Wherein alpha is the thermal expansion coefficient of the vibrating wire; temperature change of delta T vibrating wireA chemical quantity; epsilon Shrinkage of And epsilon Creep Concrete shrinkage and creep strain, respectively.
6) Structural deformation
The bridge structure deformation measurement mainly comprises a GPS deformation measurement method and a differential pressure sensor deformation measurement method.
The GPS measurement method needs to eliminate the rough difference in the data, and can adopt an unbiased estimation method, wherein the calculation formula is as follows
μ i -2σ i <X i <μ i +2σ i X is then i ＝μ i
Wherein l is the data length for single coarse error rejection; i is the number of times that movement is required; j is the number of the data point; l is the total data length required to be subjected to rough difference elimination; x is X i Is the measured data value; mu (mu) i Is the average value of measured data; sigma (sigma) i Standard deviation of the measured data.
The calculation formula of the differential pressure sensor deformation measurement method is
S in k Representing the vertical displacement of a measuring point k under a global coordinate system; s is(s) k Representing the vertical displacement of a measuring point k under a local coordinate system; when k is not equal to 0, c k Representing the vertical displacement of the turning point k in the local coordinate system, c when k=0 k Representing the vertical displacement of the reference point in the local coordinate system.
SB2 alarm index threshold value calculation. The method sets 95% and 5% quantile values of the probability distribution function of the maximum value and the minimum value of the alarm index day as yellow threshold values, and sets 95% and 5% quantile values of the probability distribution function of the maximum value and the minimum value of the alarm index day as red threshold values.
The probability distribution function calculation method of the monitoring data comprises the following steps: and selecting measured data of one year from a database of the bridge health monitoring system, and calculating and counting the daily maximum value and the daily minimum value of the alarm index in one year. Assuming that the daily maximum value and the daily minimum value are both random processes with each state history, thereby obtaining a daily maximum value probability distribution functionDaily minimum probability distribution function +.>Assuming that the maximum value and the minimum value of the alarm index day are mutually independent, the probability distribution function of the maximum value of the year +.>And annual minimum probability distribution function->Can be respectively expressed as
In the middle of
SB3 establishes each alarm index scoring standard.
The method adopts a scoring mode to normalize each alarm index, and establishes a set of alarm index scoring standards, as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 alarm index scoring criteria
S in Table 1 i The ith alarm index value at the current moment;and->Yellow threshold values of upper limit and lower limit of the ith alarm index respectively, and (I)>And->The upper limit red threshold and the lower limit red threshold of the ith alarm index are respectively determined by adopting the method of step SB 2; g i And scoring the ith alarm index at the current moment.
S2, scoring the alarm index value calculated in the step S1 by referring to the alarm index scoring standard.
S3, single index alarm analysis is carried out. The method adopts a probability analysis method to determine the critical limit value of the single index alarming frequency, and alarms the alarming index with the alarming frequency exceeding the critical value, so as to ensure that the possible local potential safety hazards of the bridge structure can be found in time and reduce the occurrence of false alarm conditions.
The observation of a certain alarm index is regarded as a test E, the alarm index exceeding the yellow threshold is regarded as an event A, P { A } = P is set, and P = 0.05 is taken according to the set standard of the yellow threshold of the alarm index. Assuming that each day and each measuring point are independent of each other, a certain alarm index is accumulated to be more than the yellow threshold number M within 30 days i Obeys binomial distribution, i.e.
Where r represents the observation period for which a certain alarm indicator appears cumulatively beyond the yellow threshold number of days, i.e. r=30.
Events with occurrence probability less than 0.1% are called small probability events, which means that the occurrence probability under normal conditions is small, so 0.1% can be taken as the occurrence probability to m i Solving, i.e.
Substituting p=0.05, r=30 into P { M } i ≥m i M can be obtained i =6. The probability that the single alarm index exceeds the yellow threshold value is 0.1% when more than 6 days are accumulated in the 30-day observation period.
And (5) performing multi-index comprehensive alarm analysis.
1) And determining the weights of various environmental action types and structural response type alarm indexes by using an analytic hierarchy process.
2) According to the weight of each alarm index, respectively calculating the classified comprehensive alarm scores of the environmental action and the structural response, wherein the calculation formula is as follows
R＝∑β i ·G i
Wherein R is the comprehensive alarm score of environmental action class or structural response class; g i Scoring an ith alarm index of an environmental action class or a structural response class; beta i The weight of each alarm index of the environmental action class or the structural response class is calculated.
3) And determining a corresponding comprehensive alarm level.
Referring to the classification comprehensive alarm grade assessment criteria shown in Table 2, the method classifies the environmental action and structural response comprehensive alarm grade into 3 grades of high (A), medium (B) and low (C), and classification comprehensive alarm grade intervals corresponding to the 3 grades are respectively (2/3, 1), [1/3,2/3] and [0,1/3]. And determining the comprehensive alarm grade of the environmental effect and the structural response according to the classification comprehensive alarm grade evaluation standard by the classification comprehensive alarm score.
Table 2 Classification comprehensive alarm rating Standard
Note that: classification refers to both the environmental role class and the structural response class.
4) And determining the integral alarm level of the structure. And determining the integral alarm level of the structure by utilizing the integral alarm matrix of the structure constructed by the method according to the analysis result of the comprehensive alarm level of the environmental action class and the structural response class. Wherein, the integral alarm matrix of the structure is shown in table 3.
Table 2 structure integral alarm matrix
S4, alarming and taking measures. After the single-index alarm analysis and the multi-index comprehensive alarm analysis are respectively completed, corresponding post-alarm measures are adopted according to analysis results so as to check possible risk hidden dangers and ensure the safe operation of the bridge. Wherein, the single index alarm analysis result and the corresponding post-alarm measures are shown in the table 4
Form 4 alarm analysis result and corresponding post-alarm measure
Note that: frequent alarm means that the number of days that a single alarm index exceeds a yellow threshold value within 30 days is not less than 6.
The overall alarm level and the corresponding post-alarm measures are shown in table 5.
Table 5 shows overall alarm level and corresponding post-alarm measures
The improved comprehensive alarm analysis method for bridge safety monitoring integrates the advantages of single-index alarm analysis and multi-index comprehensive alarm analysis methods, can grasp the local state and the whole state of a bridge structure at the same time, and effectively overcomes the defects of the existing alarm system. The analysis flow of the method is mainly divided into 3 stages: the first stage is alarm index analysis, and aims to obtain scores of various alarm indexes; the second stage is structural state analysis, and aims to grasp the local state and the overall state of the bridge structure; and the third stage is the formulation of post-police measures, and aims to ensure the safe operation of the bridge structure.
Based on the improved comprehensive alarm analysis method for bridge safety monitoring, the invention also provides an improved comprehensive alarm analysis system for bridge safety monitoring, which is used for realizing engineering application of the improved comprehensive alarm analysis method for bridge safety monitoring and improving man-machine interaction effect of structural alarm. The overall architecture of the alarm analysis system is shown in fig. 3. The architecture takes a data storage module as a tie, and divides an alarm system into 2 parts of a cloud (namely a cloud platform) and a cloud (namely a cloud terminal).
The cloud end mainly comprises 3 modules, such as data storage, alarm analysis, alarm result visualization and the like. The method is mainly responsible for automatically reading monitoring data from a database, writing results into the database after alarm analysis is carried out on the monitoring data, and displaying alarm analysis results through a webpage visualization means. The alarm work related to the modules has certain requirements on timeliness, the alarm work needs to be completed on line, the programming degree is high, the alarm work is convenient to automatically complete by using an algorithm, and the requirements can be met by the strong computing capacity of the cloud platform.
The cloud environment mainly comprises 2 items such as an alarm index calculation module, a post-alarm measure making module and the like. The method is mainly responsible for reading monitoring data from a cloud database, calculating an alarm index threshold value, formulating corresponding post-alarm measures according to alarm analysis results and the like. Since the alarm index threshold calculation is complex, and the post-alarm measure formulation involves offline work, the 2 alarm works are arranged to be performed "under the cloud".
The structural alarm analysis module is back-end core software in the whole alarm system and bears complex algorithm functions such as alarm index scoring, single-index alarm, multi-index comprehensive alarm and the like. The flow of each functional algorithm is as follows:
(1) Alarm index scoring algorithm (taking wind speed data as an example, a flow of the wind speed alarm index scoring algorithm is shown in fig. 4)
The main steps in fig. 4 are illustrated as follows:
1) Wind speed data (W), wind speed threshold (YW) and wind speed alarm records (MW) are read from the cloud database. MW refers to the number of days of accumulated wind speed alarm indexes exceeding an alarm threshold value in the past 30 days, and comprises the date and corresponding record labels 0 and 1.0 indicates that the wind speed exceeds the threshold value, and 1 indicates that the wind speed exceeds the threshold value on the day.
2) And writing codes according to alarm index scoring standards, obtaining wind speed alarm index scoring (GW) from the input W and YW, and writing the wind speed alarm index scoring (GW) into a cloud database for subsequent multi-index comprehensive alarm analysis.
3) And updating the wind speed alarm record (MW) according to the wind speed alarm index score (GW). If GW is lower than 1 minute and the record label of the current day in MW is 0, updating the record label of the current day in MW to 1; otherwise the MW remains unchanged. MW is written into a cloud database for subsequent single index alarm analysis.
(2) Single index alarm analysis algorithm, as shown in figure 5,
when the alarm index score is calculated, the alarm records of all alarm indexes are obtained. According to the algorithm flow, a single index alarm analysis result can be further obtained.
(3) The multi-index comprehensive alarm analysis algorithm, as shown in figure 6,
the main steps in fig. 6 are illustrated as follows:
1) Reading each alarm index score and weight from the cloud database;
2) Respectively carrying out weighted calculation on the environmental action class and the structural response class alarm index scores to obtain classified comprehensive alarm scores, further obtaining classified comprehensive alarm grades, and writing the classified comprehensive alarm grades into a cloud database;
3) And writing codes according to the integral alarm matrix of the structure, combining the classified comprehensive alarm grades to obtain the integral alarm grade of the structure, and storing the result in a cloud database.
The structural alarm result visualization module is front-end interaction software in the whole alarm system. In order to solve the problems of non-visual display and low management efficiency of the existing software, the invention combines the characteristics of an alarm analysis method and a webpage technology, and redesigns and develops a set of structural alarm front-end software.
(1) As shown in FIG. 7, the single-point alarm result is shown by using a bar chart, and different types of alarm indexes are represented by different colors. The abscissa of the bar graph represents the date, and the ordinate represents the number of alarm points.
(2) And the comprehensive alarm result is displayed in a cake-shaped chart, a table and the like.
1) The structural whole alarm level comprises 4 alarm levels of primary alarm, secondary alarm, tertiary alarm and quaternary alarm, which are respectively represented by green, blue, yellow and red. Meanwhile, in one scenario, as shown in fig. 8, the area of the corresponding color of a certain alarm level is determined according to the percentage of the number of occurrences of the alarm level in the query time period to the total number of 4 alarm levels.
2) The classified comprehensive alarm levels comprise an environmental action alarm level and a structural response alarm level 2, and each alarm level comprises 3 alarm levels of A-level alarm, B-level alarm and C-level alarm. In one scenario, as shown in fig. 9, the pie chart is divided equally into 2 parts for respectively representing the environmental action alarm level and the structural response alarm level, and 3 kinds of alarm levels of a-level alarm, B-level alarm and C-level alarm are respectively represented by 3 kinds of colors of green, yellow and red. The area of a certain color is determined by the percentage of the number of times the corresponding alarm level appears in the inquiry time period to the total number of times of 3 alarm levels.
3) The scores of the alarm indexes of each type correspond to 3 alarm types of non-visible alarm, yellow alarm and red alarm. Assuming that the alarm indexes are of n types, the pie chart is equally divided into n equal parts, and each part is used for showing the scores of certain types of alarm indexes. In one scenario, as shown in fig. 10, 3 types of alarm types of no-see alarm, yellow alarm and red alarm are respectively indicated by 3 colors of green, yellow and red. The area of a certain color is determined by the percentage of the number of times the corresponding alarm type appears in the inquiry time period to the total number of times of 3 alarm types.
4) The single-measurement point score reflects the state of the bridge structure at each monitoring position. The single station scoring data generally contains information such as alarm time, equipment type, station number, station location, and alarm type. The visualization of the scoring results of the single measuring points is relatively suitable in a table form, as shown in table 6;
form 6 single-station alarm scoring result visual style sheet
In one embodiment, an improved bridge safety monitoring comprehensive alarm analysis system comprises a cloud platform and a cloud terminal, wherein the cloud platform is used for reading monitoring data from a database;
the cloud terminal is used for reading monitoring data from the cloud platform and calculating various alarm index values according to the monitoring data, wherein the alarm index values comprise environment action indexes and structure influence indexes;
the cloud terminal is also used for scoring each alarm index value according to the set scoring standard;
the cloud platform is also used for carrying out single-index alarm analysis and multi-index comprehensive alarm analysis according to the obtained scores of all the alarm indexes;
the cloud terminal is also used for taking corresponding post-alarm measures according to the results of single-index alarm analysis and multi-index comprehensive alarm analysis.
In one embodiment, the cloud platform comprises a data storage module, an alarm analysis module and an alarm result visualization module;
the cloud terminal comprises an alarm index calculation module and a post-alarm measure making module.
The improved system for analyzing the comprehensive alarm for monitoring the bridge safety provided by the invention is further used for realizing the steps and corresponding specific embodiments of the improved method for analyzing the comprehensive alarm for monitoring the bridge safety shown in the figure 2, and the invention is not repeated here.
The invention has the main advantages that:
(1) The multi-index comprehensive alarm analysis method is a structure alarm method developed in recent years, but the risk of neglecting local damage of a structure inevitably exists. The invention provides an improved comprehensive alarm analysis method for bridge safety monitoring, which simultaneously takes advantages of single-index alarm analysis and multi-index comprehensive alarm analysis methods into consideration, can grasp the local state and the whole state of a bridge structure at the same time, and effectively overcomes the defects of the existing alarm system.
(2) In the single-index alarm analysis, a probability analysis method is adopted to determine the critical limit value of the alarm frequency, the alarm frequency in a period is used as a discrimination alarm condition, and the method is more in line with the actual engineering situation than the traditional single-index alarm method by adopting single-trigger alarm, so that the occurrence of false alarm situations can be effectively reduced, and the workload of engineering management staff is obviously reduced.
(3) A set of structure alarm software is developed by combining with cloud computing design, so that the safety monitoring requirement of a large-scale engineering structure can be met. The method successfully solves the 'feasible' problem of the improved bridge safety monitoring comprehensive alarm analysis method applied to actual engineering through reasonable algorithm flow design and rapid hybrid programming technology application.
(4) And the latest webpage technology is applied, and brand new structural alarm front-end software is designed and developed. The method has the advantages that various alarm results are quickly pushed to management staff by adopting a scientific and attractive display form, so that the management working cost is effectively reduced, and the problem that an improved bridge safety monitoring comprehensive alarm analysis method is applied to the visualization of actual engineering is successfully solved.
It should be noted that, in each embodiment of the present invention, each functional unit/module may be integrated in one processing unit/module, or each unit/module may exist alone physically, or two or more units/modules may be integrated in one unit/module. The integrated units/modules described above may be implemented either in hardware or in software functional units/modules.
From the description of the embodiments above, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, middleware, code, or any suitable combination thereof. For a hardware implementation, the processor may be implemented in one or more of the following units: an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), a Digital Signal Processing Device (DSPD), a Programmable Logic Device (PLD), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), a processor, a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, other electronic units designed to perform the functions described herein, or a combination thereof. For a software implementation, some or all of the flow of an embodiment may be accomplished by a computer program to instruct the associated hardware. When implemented, the above-described programs may be stored in or transmitted as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a computer. The computer readable media can include, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the scope of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. An improved bridge safety monitoring comprehensive alarm analysis method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
SB1 sets corresponding alarm indexes according to bridge safety monitoring data, wherein the alarm indexes comprise 10min average wind speed, component temperature difference, 15min average fatigue vehicle load, inhaul cable force, component stress and structural deformation;
s1, calculating various alarm index values according to monitoring data, wherein the alarm index values comprise environment action indexes and structure influence indexes;
wherein, calculate each item alarm index value according to monitoring data, alarm index value calculation function that wherein adopts includes:
1) Average wind speed for 10 min:
the calculation formula of the average wind speed for 10min is
In the middle ofThe wind speed is obtained by monitoring a wind speed monitoring sensor for each second;
2) Temperature difference of components:
the calculation formula of the component temperature difference is
；
In the middle ofIs the average temperature of the steel member; />Is the average temperature of the concrete member;
3) Average fatigue vehicle load for 15 min:
the calculation formula of the fatigue vehicle load is as follows
；
In the middle ofFor the equivalent total weight of the i-th class of vehicles, the traffic parameter investigation can be carried out on the bridge manuallyObtaining; />The number of class i vehicles;
4) Cable force of the cable:
the calculation formula of the inhaul cable force is
；
Wherein T is the cable force of the inhaul cable; m is the mass of the boom per unit length; l is the calculated length of the suspender;the nth order natural vibration frequency of the suspension rod is obtained;
5) Component stress:
the stress calculation formula of the steel structure member is
；
K is the calculated coefficient of the vibrating wire sensor;and->The frequencies measured by the vibrating wire sensor at the front and back two times are respectively;
the stress calculation formula of the concrete member is
；
In the middle ofThe thermal expansion coefficient of the vibrating wire steel wire; />Temperature change of vibrating wireA chemical quantity; />And->Respectively concrete shrinkage and creep strain;
6) Structural deformation;
the bridge structure deformation measurement mainly comprises a GPS deformation measurement method and a differential pressure sensor deformation measurement method;
the GPS measurement method needs to eliminate the rough difference in the data, and can adopt an unbiased estimation method, wherein the calculation formula is as follows
；
；
Then->；
Wherein l is the data length for single coarse error rejection; i is the number of times that movement is required; j is the number of the data point; l is the total data length required to be subjected to rough difference elimination;is the measured data value; />Is the average value of measured data; />Standard deviation of measured data;
the calculation formula of the differential pressure sensor deformation measurement method is
；
In the middle ofRepresenting the measurement point under the global coordinate system->Is a vertical displacement of (2); />Representing the measurement point under the local coordinate system->Is a vertical displacement of (2); when->When (I)>Representing the local coordinate system lower point +.>When->When (I)>Representing the vertical displacement of the datum point in the local coordinate system;
SB2 calculates the alarm index threshold; comprising the following steps:
setting 95% and 5% quantile values of the probability distribution functions of the maximum value and the minimum value of the alarm index day as yellow threshold values, and setting 95% and 5% quantile values of the probability distribution functions of the maximum value and the minimum value of the alarm index day as red threshold values;
wherein, the probability distribution function calculation method package of the monitoring dataThe method comprises the following steps: selecting measured data of one year from a database of the bridge health monitoring system, and calculating and counting a daily maximum value and a daily minimum value of an alarm index in one year; thereby obtaining a daily maximum probability distribution functionDaily minimum probability distribution function +.>Then the annual maximum probability distribution functionAnd annual minimum probability distribution function->Can be respectively expressed as
In the middle of，/>，/>；
SB3 establishes each alarm index scoring standard; comprising the following steps: carrying out normalization processing on each alarm index in a scoring mode, and formulating corresponding scoring standards according to the calculated alarm index threshold;
s2, scoring each alarm index value according to a set scoring standard;
s3, single-index alarm analysis and multi-index comprehensive alarm analysis are carried out according to the obtained scores of all the alarm indexes;
the single-index alarm analysis is carried out according to the obtained scores of the alarm indexes, and the single-index alarm analysis comprises the following steps:
determining a critical limit value of single-index alarming frequency by adopting a probability analysis method, and alarming an alarming index with the alarming frequency exceeding the critical value;
the method for performing multi-index comprehensive alarm analysis according to the obtained scores of the alarm indexes comprises the following steps:
1) Determining the weights of various environmental action types and structural response type alarm indexes by using an analytic hierarchy process;
2) According to the weight of each alarm index, respectively calculating the classified comprehensive alarm scores of the environmental action and the structural response, wherein the calculation formula is as follows
In the middle ofRComprehensive alarm scores for environmental action classes or structural response classes;class I for environmental action or structural responseiScoring the item alarm index; />The weight of each alarm index of the environmental action class or the structural response class;
3) Determining a corresponding comprehensive alarm level;
4) Determining the integral alarm level of the structure;
s4, adopting corresponding post-alarm measures according to the results of single-index alarm analysis and multi-index comprehensive alarm analysis.
2. An improved bridge safety monitoring comprehensive alarm analysis system is characterized by comprising a cloud platform and a cloud terminal, wherein,
the cloud terminal is used for setting corresponding alarm indexes according to bridge safety monitoring data, wherein the alarm indexes comprise 10min average wind speed, component temperature difference, 15min average fatigue vehicle load, inhaul cable force, component stress and structural deformation;
the cloud platform is used for reading monitoring data from the database;
the cloud terminal is used for reading monitoring data from the cloud platform and calculating various alarm index values according to the monitoring data, wherein the alarm index values comprise environment action indexes and structure influence indexes; wherein, calculate each item alarm index value according to monitoring data, alarm index value calculation function that wherein adopts includes:
1) Average wind speed for 10 min:
the calculation formula of the average wind speed for 10min is
In the middle ofThe wind speed is obtained by monitoring a wind speed monitoring sensor for each second;
2) Temperature difference of components:
the calculation formula of the component temperature difference is
；
In the middle ofIs the average temperature of the steel member; />Is the average temperature of the concrete member;
3) Average fatigue vehicle load for 15 min:
the calculation formula of the fatigue vehicle load is as follows
；
In the middle ofThe equivalent total weight of the i-th class of vehicles can be obtained by manually carrying out traffic parameter investigation on the bridge; />The number of class i vehicles;
4) Cable force of the cable:
the calculation formula of the inhaul cable force is
；
Wherein T is the cable force of the inhaul cable; m is the mass of the boom per unit length; l is the calculated length of the suspender;the nth order natural vibration frequency of the suspension rod is obtained;
5) Component stress:
the stress calculation formula of the steel structure member is
；
K is the calculated coefficient of the vibrating wire sensor;and->The frequencies measured by the vibrating wire sensor at the front and back two times are respectively;
the stress calculation formula of the concrete member is
；
In the middle ofThe thermal expansion coefficient of the vibrating wire steel wire; />The temperature variation of the vibrating wire; />And->Respectively concrete shrinkage and creep strain;
6) Structural deformation;
the bridge structure deformation measurement mainly comprises a GPS deformation measurement method and a differential pressure sensor deformation measurement method;
the GPS measurement method needs to eliminate the rough difference in the data, and can adopt an unbiased estimation method, wherein the calculation formula is as follows
；
；
Then->；
Wherein l is the data length for single coarse error rejection; i is the number of times that movement is required; j is the number of the data point; l is the total data length required to be subjected to rough difference elimination;is the measured data value; />Is the average value of measured data; />Standard deviation of measured data;
the calculation formula of the differential pressure sensor deformation measurement method is
；
In the middle ofRepresenting the measurement point under the global coordinate system->Is a vertical displacement of (2); />Representing the measurement point under the local coordinate system->Is a vertical displacement of (2); when->When (I)>Representing the local coordinate system lower point +.>When->When (I)>Representing the vertical displacement of the datum point in the local coordinate system;
the cloud terminal is also used for calculating an alarm index threshold; comprising the following steps:
setting 95% and 5% quantile values of the probability distribution functions of the maximum value and the minimum value of the alarm index day as yellow threshold values, and setting 95% and 5% quantile values of the probability distribution functions of the maximum value and the minimum value of the alarm index day as red threshold values;
the probability distribution function calculation method of the monitoring data comprises the following steps: selecting measured data of one year from a database of the bridge health monitoring system, and calculating and counting a daily maximum value and a daily minimum value of an alarm index in one year; thereby obtaining a daily maximum probability distribution functionDaily minimum probability distribution function +.>Then the annual maximum probability distribution functionAnd annual minimum probability distribution function->Can be respectively expressed as
In the middle of，/>，/>；
SB3 establishes each alarm index scoring standard; comprising the following steps: carrying out normalization processing on each alarm index in a scoring mode, and formulating corresponding scoring standards according to the calculated alarm index threshold;
the cloud terminal is also used for scoring each alarm index value according to the set scoring standard;
the cloud platform is also used for carrying out single-index alarm analysis and multi-index comprehensive alarm analysis according to the obtained scores of all the alarm indexes; the single-index alarm analysis is carried out according to the obtained scores of the alarm indexes, and the single-index alarm analysis comprises the following steps:
determining a critical limit value of single-index alarming frequency by adopting a probability analysis method, and alarming an alarming index with the alarming frequency exceeding the critical value;
the method for performing multi-index comprehensive alarm analysis according to the obtained scores of the alarm indexes comprises the following steps:
1) Determining the weights of various environmental action types and structural response type alarm indexes by using an analytic hierarchy process;
2) According to the weight of each alarm index, respectively calculating the classified comprehensive alarm scores of the environmental action and the structural response, wherein the calculation formula is as follows
In the middle ofRComprehensive alarm scores for environmental action classes or structural response classes;class I for environmental action or structural responseiScoring the item alarm index; />The weight of each alarm index of the environmental action class or the structural response class;
3) Determining a corresponding comprehensive alarm level;
4) Determining the integral alarm level of the structure;
the cloud terminal is also used for taking corresponding post-alarm measures according to the results of single-index alarm analysis and multi-index comprehensive alarm analysis.
3. The improved bridge safety monitoring comprehensive alarm analysis system according to claim 2, wherein the cloud platform comprises a data storage module, an alarm analysis module and an alarm result visualization module;
the cloud terminal comprises an alarm index calculation module and a post-alarm measure making module.
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