CN1159804C - Microstrip antenna array and its basic microstrip antenna unit - Google Patents
Microstrip antenna array and its basic microstrip antenna unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN1159804C CN1159804C CNB001195484A CN00119548A CN1159804C CN 1159804 C CN1159804 C CN 1159804C CN B001195484 A CNB001195484 A CN B001195484A CN 00119548 A CN00119548 A CN 00119548A CN 1159804 C CN1159804 C CN 1159804C
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- microstrip antenna
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- polystyrene foam
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Abstract
The present invention provides a microstrip antenna basic unit (E) with the characteristics of large bandwidth and high gain for wireless communication and a microstrip antenna array unit (C) using the microstrip antenna basic unit. The microstrip antenna basic unit of the present invention comprises a high frequency dielectric substrate (11), a middle polystyrene foam layer (12), an excitation radiation element (13), an upper polystyrene foam layer (14) and a parasitic radiation element (15). The microstrip antenna array unit (C) of the present invention comprises a first microstrip antenna basic unit (E21), a second microstrip antenna basic unit (E22), a feeding power distribution portion (25) and feed lines (23, 24), wherein the first microstrip antenna basic unit and the second microstrip antenna basic unit (E21, E22) are orthogonal in space; the length difference of the feed lines (23, 24) which are connected to the first microstrip antenna basic unit and the second microstrip antenna basic unit (E21, E22) is 1/4 of working wavelength.
Description
The present invention relates to be used for the high-frequency microstrip antenna part of radio communication transmission/receiving terminal, the microstrip antenna array element that relates in particular to microstrip antenna elementary cell in the mobile communication and use this elementary cell.
At present, in radio communication, particularly often use microstrip antenna in the mobile communication.Generally speaking, be the paster that on surface of copper clad plate, erodes away definite shape, thereby constitute microstrip antenna as dielectric-slab.Because what this microstrip antenna adopted is single chip architecture, and what select is copper clad plate, causes its bandwidth narrower, and it is lower to gain.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of bandwidth, the high microstrip antenna elementary cell of gain.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of microstrip antenna array element, and its bandwidth is further increased.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of electromagnetic microstrip antenna elementary cell that is used for sending and receiving is provided, it includes: the high-frequency dielectric substrate that is provided with coupling aperture and microstrip feed line, wherein, the coupling aperture is arranged on the upper surface of dielectric substrate, microstrip feed line is arranged on the lower surface of dielectric substrate, and vertically divides the projection of described coupling aperture on lower surface equally.Microstrip feed line has little band match and regulate detail of 1/4 that length is electromagnetic wavelength.In addition, this microstrip antenna elementary cell also comprises at least two and stacks gradually at the on-chip resonant layer of high-frequency dielectric, wherein, first resonant layer comprises: the middle part layer of polystyrene foam, be arranged on the described high-frequency dielectric substrate, its upper surface is provided with circular die, equally has been arranged alternately two grooves and two tongues on the circumference of die at interval; Excitation radiation unit is made by circular foil member, and its size and shape so be provided with, thereby in the middle part of being embedded by coupling ground in the die of layer of polystyrene foam; Second resonant layer comprises: the top layer of polystyrene foam, be arranged on the layer of polystyrene foam of middle part, its upper surface is provided with the shape and the big or small identical die of the die in shape and size and the middle part layer of polystyrene foam, and is provided with the thickness of top layer of polystyrene foam different with the thickness of middle part layer of polystyrene foam; Parasitic radiation unit is made by the metal material identical with excitation radiation unit, and has shape, size and the thickness identical with excitation radiation unit, and this parasitic radiation unit coupling ground embeds in the die of top layer of polystyrene foam.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of microstrip antenna array element is provided, comprise the first microstrip antenna elementary cell, the second microstrip antenna elementary cell, be used for input power is all given the feed power division part of the first microstrip antenna elementary cell and the second microstrip antenna elementary cell, and the feeder line that partly is connected respectively to the first and second microstrip antenna elementary cells from the feed power division, wherein, the first and second microstrip antenna elementary cells are quadrature spatially, and the feeder line length that is connected to the first and second microstrip antenna elementary cells differs 1/4 operation wavelength, wherein, the microstrip antenna elementary cell is the microstrip antenna elementary cell that first aspect of the present invention provides.
Because the present invention has adopted sandwich construction, by the double resonance effect bandwidth is increased, and, gain is improved owing in selection, adopted the low more suitable materials such as layer of polystyrene foam of relative dielectric constant.
Fig. 1 is the decomposition diagram of microstrip antenna elementary cell according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the diagrammatic sketch of microstrip antenna array element according to an embodiment of the invention.
Below, with reference to the accompanying drawings, embodiments of the invention are further described.
Fig. 1 is the decomposition diagram according to microstrip antenna elementary cell E of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, E represents to be used for to send and receive electromagnetic microstrip antenna elementary cell, by high-frequency dielectric substrate 11, comprise the resonant layer M of middle part layer of polystyrene foam 12 and excitation radiation unit 13, the resonant layer N that comprises top layer of polystyrene foam 14 and parasitic radiation unit 15 is laminated.
The upper surface of high-frequency dielectric substrate 11 is provided with coupling aperture 11a, and lower surface is provided with microstrip feed line 11b, coupling aperture 11a is set has the following advantages: it is separated the radiant section of microstrip antenna and the feed circuit that is arranged on the lower surface; Realize cutler feed by the coupling aperture, thereby reduce the microstrip antenna size; Because coupling aperture and feed circuit are positioned on two surfaces, thus be convenient to the arrangement of active device, thus help the design of active microstrip antenna array; And owing to the aperture that will be coupled is arranged on the upper surface, so can obtain the effects such as coupling efficiency higher than direct electromagnetic coupled.
In addition, the described microstrip feed line 11b that is arranged on the lower surface of described dielectric substrate 11 vertically divides the projection of described coupling aperture 11a on lower surface equally, in the present embodiment, the impedance of microstrip feed line 11b is 50 ohm, this feeder line can overcome coaxial cable direct feed mode (back of the body feedback) because the stray inductance that the thickness of substrate brings has been avoided having to increase capacitance compensation for extending bandwidth and caused the complicated of structure.And described microstrip feed line 11b has little band match and regulate detail 11d of 1/4 that length is electromagnetic wavelength, is used to regulate impedance matching.In addition, in the present embodiment, the relative dielectric constant ε r of high-frequency dielectric substrate 11 is 3.38, because dielectric constant is higher, and dielectric substrate can make thinner, adopt this dielectric substrate, can reach the radiation loss that lowers feed circuit, reduce the feed circuit size, and the purpose of being convenient to the welding of SMA cable block.
On the surface that is provided with coupling aperture 11a of high-frequency dielectric substrate 11, middle part layer of polystyrene foam 12 is set, its upper surface is provided with circular die 12b, equally has been arranged alternately two groove 12c and two tongue 12d on the circumference of described die 12b at interval.Compare with the medium sheet of routine, the relative dielectric constant of the layer of polystyrene foam 12 that the present invention adopts is lower, thereby reduces the cavity resonant quality factor, increases bandwidth, and simultaneously, the surface wave loss is also little.And use this layer of polystyrene foam 12 in the mill, cost is very low.
13 expression excitation radiation units, it is made by circular foil member, and its size and shape so be provided with, thereby is embedded among the die 12b of above-mentioned middle part layer of polystyrene foam 12 tram of excitation radiation unit 13 when having guaranteed thus to make up by coupling ground.Its radius is tried to achieve by following formula: r=40 * 1.6/fmm, and wherein f is electromagnetic frequency, unit is GHz.In the present embodiment, excitation radiation unit 13 can use metal materials such as aluminium or copper to make, and this has not only reduced production cost, and has reduced dielectric loss.
In addition, two groups of perturbation grooves on the round-shaped and circumference and perturbation tongue can be realized single feed point circular polarization, thereby simplify feed circuit.Very help constituting baroque microstrip antenna array, and two groups of perturbation grooves and perturbation tongue play positioning action also when it embeds above-mentioned layer of polystyrene foam 12.In the present embodiment, the area Δ s of perturbation groove 13a, perturbation tongue 13b is tried to achieve by following formula:
Δs＝s/1.841Q
Wherein, s is a circular area, and Q is the cavity quality factor.
Layer of polystyrene foam 12 and excitation radiation unit 13 constitute the first resonant layer M.
14 expressions are arranged on the top layer of polystyrene foam on the described middle part layer of polystyrene foam 12, its upper surface is provided with shape and the big or small identical die 14b of the described die 12b in shape and size and the described middle part layer of polystyrene foam 12, its effect is identical with the effect of above-mentioned die 12b, is used for fixing embedding parasitic radiation unit 15 (below will describe) wherein.And the thickness of described top layer of polystyrene foam 14 is different with the thickness of described middle part layer of polystyrene foam 12, is used for adjusting the bandwidth of microstrip antenna elementary cell E.
15 expressions are made by the metal material identical with described excitation radiation unit 13, and parasitic radiation unit with shape, size and the thickness identical with described excitation radiation unit 13, wherein, the effect of perturbation groove 15a and perturbation tongue 15b is identical with the effect of perturbation groove 13a and perturbation tongue 13b, realizes single feed point polarization and positioning function.When assembling, among the die 14b with embedding top, described parasitic radiation unit 15 coupling ground layer of polystyrene foam 14.This design simplification processing, lowered cost.
Layer of polystyrene foam 14 and parasitic radiation unit 15 constitute the second resonant layer N.
In addition, in the present embodiment, for fixing this sandwich construction, on four angles of high-frequency dielectric substrate 11, middle part layer of polystyrene foam 12 and top layer of polystyrene foam 14, be provided with four integrated positioning hole 11c, 12a, 14a respectively, certainly, also can use other existing locate mode.
The each part mentioned above combination promptly constitutes a complete elementary cell, because it has sandwich construction, obtains the frequency band of broad.Its main performance is: gain is not less than 9dB, and fixed percentage bandwidth is 9% (when voltage standing wave ratio VSWR≤1.5).
Though only adopted the combination of two resonant layer M and N in the present embodiment, but according to above-mentioned principle of the present invention, in order to reach desirable frequency bandwidth, can also suitably increase the quantity of resonant layer, for example on the high-frequency dielectric substrate, stack gradually 3 or 4 resonant layers.
In order further to improve the performance of microstrip antenna, the present invention provides a kind of microstrip antenna array element again on the basis of above-mentioned elementary cell, and it is that paired elementary cell is arranged by certain direction, and constitutes by certain phase place feed.
As shown in Figure 2, C represents the microstrip antenna array element, it comprises first and second a pair of identical microstrip antenna elementary cell E21 and E22, is used for input power is all given the feed power division part 25 of the first and second microstrip antenna elementary cell E21 and E22, and be connected respectively to first and second microstrip antenna elementary cell E21 and the E22 from feed power division part 25, thereby to the feeder line 23 and 24 of their feeds, its impedance is 50 ohm respectively.Wherein, the first and second microstrip antenna elementary cell E21 and E22 be quadrature spatially, to realize circular polarization.The feeder line 23 that is connected to the first microstrip antenna elementary cell E21 differs 1/4 operation wavelength with the length that is connected to the feeder line 24 of the second microstrip antenna elementary cell E22, thereby can provide generation circular polarization necessary phase difference to the first and second microstrip antenna elementary cell E21 and E22, and can eliminate the reflected wave that causes because do not match.
E compares with the microstrip antenna elementary cell, this microstrip antenna array element C more excellent performance in the present embodiment, and its gain can obtain the improvement of 3dB, and bandwidth can be widened about 1.5 times.
By the way, if suitably choose the polarization characteristic of two microstrip antenna elementary cell E21 and E22, the microstrip antenna array element of present embodiment can be realized the broadband linear polarization.
In actual applications, under the condition of space and the permission of feed circuit complexity, also can increase the logarithm of microstrip antenna elementary cell similarly among Fig. 2, thereby obtain further performance improvement.
Though according to embodiments of the invention,, the present invention has been carried out concrete description with reference to accompanying drawing,, should be understood that can have various modifications and variations in the scope of appending claims, and they all should be considered as within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. one kind is used for sending and receiving electromagnetic microstrip antenna elementary cell (E), comprises:
High-frequency dielectric substrate (11), its upper surface is provided with coupling aperture (11a), lower surface is provided with microstrip feed line (11b), described microstrip feed line (11b) is vertically divided the projection of described coupling aperture (11a) on lower surface equally, and described microstrip feed line (11b) has little band match and regulate detail (11d) of 1/4 that length is operation wavelength; It is characterized in that described microstrip antenna elementary cell (E) also comprises:
At least two first resonant layer (M) and second resonant layers (N) that stack gradually on described high-frequency dielectric substrate (11), wherein,
First resonant layer (M) comprises:
Middle part layer of polystyrene foam (12), be arranged on the described high-frequency dielectric substrate (11), its upper surface is provided with circular first die (12b), equally has been arranged alternately two grooves (12C) and two tongues (12d) on the circumference of described first die (12b) at interval;
Excitation radiation unit (13) is made by circular foil member, and its size and shape so be provided with, thereby can be by in described first die (12b) of coupling ground embedding described middle part layer of polystyrene foam (12); Second resonant layer (N) comprises:
Top layer of polystyrene foam (14), be arranged on the described middle part layer of polystyrene foam (12), its upper surface is provided with the shape and big or small identical second die (14b) of described first die (12b) in shape and size and the described middle part layer of polystyrene foam (12), and the thickness of described top layer of polystyrene foam (14) is different with the thickness of described middle part layer of polystyrene foam (12);
Parasitic radiation unit (15), make by the metal material identical with described excitation radiation unit (13), and have shape, size and the thickness identical, and described parasitic radiation unit (15) coupling ground embeds in described second die (14b) of described top layer of polystyrene foam (14) with described excitation radiation unit (13).
2. as claimed in claim 1ly be used for sending and receiving electromagnetic microstrip antenna elementary cell, the radius r that it is characterized in that described excitation radiation unit (13) and parasitic radiation unit (15) is tried to achieve by following formula: r=40 * 1.6/fmm, wherein f is electromagnetic frequency (GHz).
3. as claimed in claim 1 being used for sends and receives electromagnetic microstrip antenna elementary cell, it is characterized in that described excitation radiation unit (13) and parasitic radiation unit (15) are made of aluminum.
4. as claimed in claim 1 being used for sends and receives electromagnetic microstrip antenna elementary cell, it is characterized in that described excitation radiation unit (13) and parasitic radiation unit (15) are made of copper.
5. as claimed in claim 1ly be used for sending and receiving electromagnetic microstrip antenna elementary cell, it is characterized in that, described high-frequency dielectric substrate (11), middle part layer of polystyrene foam (12) and top layer of polystyrene foam (14) comprise four integrated positioning hole (11c that are arranged on their four angles respectively, 12a, 14a).
6. as claimed in claim 1 being used for sends and receives electromagnetic microstrip antenna elementary cell, and the impedance that it is characterized in that described microstrip feed line (11b) is 50 ohm.
7. as claimed in claim 1 being used for sends and receives electromagnetic microstrip antenna elementary cell (E), and the relative dielectric constant that it is characterized in that described high-frequency dielectric substrate (11) is 3.38.
8. a microstrip antenna array element (C), comprise the first microstrip antenna elementary cell (E21), the second microstrip antenna elementary cell (E22), be used for input power is all given the feed power division part (25) of described first microstrip antenna elementary cell (E21) and the described second microstrip antenna elementary cell (E22), and be connected respectively to the described first and second microstrip antenna elementary cell (E21 from described feed power division part (25), E22) first feeder line (23) and second feeder line (24), wherein, the described first and second microstrip antenna elementary cell (E21, E22) quadrature spatially, and the length of described first feeder line (23) and second feeder line (24) differs 1/4 operation wavelength, it is characterized in that, (E21 E22) is microstrip antenna elementary cell as claimed in claim 1 (E) to the described first and second microstrip antenna elementary cells.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB001195484A CN1159804C (en) | 2000-08-01 | 2000-08-01 | Microstrip antenna array and its basic microstrip antenna unit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB001195484A CN1159804C (en) | 2000-08-01 | 2000-08-01 | Microstrip antenna array and its basic microstrip antenna unit |
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| CN1336701A CN1336701A (en) | 2002-02-20 |
| CN1159804C true CN1159804C (en) | 2004-07-28 |
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| CNB001195484A Expired - Fee Related CN1159804C (en) | 2000-08-01 | 2000-08-01 | Microstrip antenna array and its basic microstrip antenna unit |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101286589B (en) * | 2008-05-27 | 2012-04-25 | 东南大学 | Antenna having ultra-wideband and multiple rejection band based on bimodule and double rejection band filter |
| CN105990660B (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2024-03-08 | 深圳光启尖端技术有限责任公司 | Antenna, antenna system and communication device |
| CN111725599A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-09-29 | 摩比天线技术（深圳）有限公司 | Patch antenna and antenna array |
| CN111740219A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-10-02 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | Electronic device |
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