CN115977826A - Ship complementary energy utilization system and method and ship - Google Patents
Ship complementary energy utilization system and method and ship Download PDFInfo
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- CN115977826A CN115977826A CN202310086378.7A CN202310086378A CN115977826A CN 115977826 A CN115977826 A CN 115977826A CN 202310086378 A CN202310086378 A CN 202310086378A CN 115977826 A CN115977826 A CN 115977826A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a ship complementary energy utilization system, a ship complementary energy utilization method and a ship. The ship complementary energy utilization system comprises: the complementary energy collecting and vaporizing device is communicated with each functional system of the ship to collect complementary energy carriers comprising waste gas, steam tail gas, waste gas tail gas mixed gas and heat exchange water, and the collected complementary energy is utilized to vaporize water in the complementary energy carriers and/or externally supplemented seawater to generate waste gas steam mixed gas with higher temperature and pressure; the mixed steam supply device is used for heating and boosting the mixed steam of the exhaust gas and the steam according to the energy requirement of a specific system of the ship. The high-temperature waste gas that this application produced through all boats and ships driving system is collected, and other complementary energy waste heat are also all fully collected to carry out natural water vaporization process with all complementary energy carriers, produce the waste gas steam mixed steam of higher temperature pressure, or compress the mixed steam once more and heat up and step up, supply the specific system of boats and ships to use, thereby improve boats and ships and synthesize the efficiency, reach energy-conservation, emission reduction, the target of environmental protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of residual energy and waste heat of ships, in particular to a ship residual energy utilization system, a ship residual energy utilization method and a ship.
Background
1. New environment-friendly background for international and domestic shipping
1)
More and more domestic trade transportation is undertaken due to the advantages of the shipping cost of water transportation per ton kilometer (or per ton of ocean, the same below) and the carbon emission per ton kilometer. Meanwhile, china shipping enterprises also bear the responsibility of the indeciphers; various energy-saving and emission-reducing measures for ships are more meaningful than the past.
2) Effecting new regulations of the nature of enforced international convention
The International Maritime Organization (IMO) takes shipping industry emission reduction short-term measures such as the existing ship energy efficiency index (EEXI), carbon intensity index grade (CII) and the like which take effect in 1 month and 1 day in 2023. When the latest regulation is not satisfied, the international sailing qualification cannot be obtained. According to IMO statistics, at least 40% of ships sailing internationally and having total tons of more than or equal to 400 do not meet the requirements. The unsatisfied ships can continue to obtain the certificate issued by the flag state government only by adopting corresponding energy-saving and emission-reducing measures. It is anticipated that the shipbuilding and shipping industries will face increasingly stringent environmental pressures in the future.
3) High loitering of ship fuel prices
According to professional statistics, over 90% of international trade all over the world is realized by sea transportation; most shipping enterprises worldwide, 60% to 70% of ocean shipping costs are fuel costs. Therefore, the fuel is saved on the ship fuel, and the economic benefit of shipping enterprises is remarkably improved.
4) Regional or even global collection of "carbon taxes" in the future
In the future, the carbon tax saving and the income in the carbon emission transaction of ships meeting the IMO requirements may be new profit growth points of shipping enterprises with proper energy-saving, emission-reduction and environmental protection measures.
2. The current energy efficiency utilization situation of the existing ship has the following defects:
1) Waste gas generated by all ship power systems which burn fuel, such as internal combustion engines of ships, or the like, is generated into steam through an economizer or a waste gas boiler, or is generated into steam through a waste heat recoverer, or is exhausted into the atmosphere again after passing through a desulfurizing tower, a carbon capturing system, a denitrification system, a smoke and dust removal system, and the like, so that a large amount of waste heat and residual energy is not fully utilized, the atmosphere is polluted, and redundant heat energy is injected into the atmosphere;
2) After steam generated by the existing system of the ship is used by steam equipment, part of tail steam is directly discharged to the sea without effective utilization and energy recovery;
3) Part of cooling water or condensed water generated by the existing system of the ship is directly discharged to the sea without effective utilization and energy recovery;
4) The residual heat of each system of the ship is relatively dispersed, is not collected for use, and does not form a comprehensive utilization system;
5) No computer system is applied to manage the effective utilization of the waste heat of the whole ship;
6) Natural energy conversion processes are not utilized, and the environment-friendly treated object is not well combined with an energy carrier.
Disclosure of Invention
On one hand, the invention provides a ship residual energy utilization system, which can collect fluids such as high-temperature waste gas, steam tail gas, waste gas and tail gas mixed gas, condensed cooling water and the like which are generated by various functional systems of a ship and have residual energy and residual heat and have use values, perform a natural water vaporization process by utilizing collected residual energy carriers, generate waste gas and steam mixed gas with higher temperature and pressure, and supply the waste gas and steam mixed gas to a specific system of the ship for use, thereby improving the comprehensive energy efficiency of the ship and achieving the aims of energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protection.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
ship complementary energy utilization system includes:
the residual energy collecting and vaporizing device is communicated with each functional system of the ship to collect residual energy carriers comprising waste gas, steam tail gas, waste gas and tail gas mixed gas and heat exchange water, and the collected residual energy is utilized to vaporize water in the residual energy carriers and/or externally supplemented seawater to generate waste gas and steam mixed gas with higher temperature and pressure;
and the mixed steam supply device is used for heating and boosting the mixed steam of the exhaust gas and the steam according to the energy requirement of a specific system of the ship.
In some technical schemes, the complementary energy collecting and vaporizing device comprises a complementary energy collecting tank and a plurality of parallel flow channels arranged at the upper part of the complementary energy collecting tank, each parallel flow channel comprises at least one high-temperature waste gas collecting flow channel, a waste gas tail gas collecting flow channel and a heat exchange warm water collecting flow channel, the heat exchange warm water collecting flow channel is bypassed by a water replenishing flow channel, and the water replenishing flow channel is communicated with external seawater.
In some technical schemes, a plurality of spray pipes are distributed in the internal part of the residual energy collecting tank along the length direction, and any spray pipe is communicated with a heat exchange warm water collecting flow passage and/or a water supplementing flow passage so as to atomize hot water generated by a ship heat exchange device and a hot well and externally supplemented seawater; and/or the presence of a gas in the atmosphere,
the inside of complementary energy holding vessel is equipped with gas distributor, gas distributor communicates high temperature waste gas respectively and collects the runner and waste gas tail gas collects the runner to carry out the equipartition to the high temperature waste gas that marine power system and marine boiler system produced and the steam tail gas that marine steam system produced and waste gas tail gas mist.
In some technical schemes, the high-temperature waste gas collecting flow channel is connected with a gas collecting pipe, the gas collecting pipe is respectively connected with waste gas collecting pipes communicated with various power systems of ships, and each waste gas collecting pipe is connected with an outward-discharging chimney through a three-way valve.
In some technical solutions, the mixed gas supply device includes a vapor compressor and a pressure tank, the vapor compressor is disposed on a communication flow channel between the residual energy collecting tank and the pressure tank, a plurality of parallel flow channels are disposed at a downstream of the pressure tank, and the parallel flow channels at least include an energy-saving system supply flow channel, an environmental protection system supply flow channel and a general system supply flow channel.
In some technical schemes, the number of the residual energy collecting tanks and/or the pressurizing tanks is multiple; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the waste energy collecting tank and the pressurizing tank are both connected with an externally-discharged chimney through safety valves.
In some technical schemes, the device also comprises a control device,
the control device comprises a valve assembly used for controlling the flow and/or the flow direction and/or the pressure of each flow channel fluid, a power assembly used for inputting external energy to each flow channel fluid, and a sensing assembly used for monitoring fluid parameters of each container device of the system.
On the other hand, the invention provides a ship residual energy utilization method, which is characterized in that all high-temperature waste gas generated by a ship power system is collected, the residual heat of other residual energy is fully collected, all residual energy carriers are subjected to a natural water vaporization process to generate waste gas steam mixed steam with higher temperature and pressure, or the mixed steam is compressed again to raise the temperature and the pressure for a specific system of a ship to use, so that the comprehensive energy efficiency of the ship is improved, and the ship residual energy utilization method has the advantages of economy and environmental friendliness.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for utilizing the residual energy of a ship,
the ship complementary energy utilization system comprises the following steps:
collecting a vaporization process: collecting fluids with surplus energy in each functional system of the ship, wherein the fluids comprise waste gas, steam tail gas, waste gas tail gas mixed gas and heat exchange water, simultaneously injecting the fluids into a surplus energy collecting tank, and vaporizing water in a surplus energy carrier and/or externally supplemented seawater by using the surplus energy of the fluids to generate waste gas steam mixed gas with higher temperature and pressure;
and (3) a compression conveying process: the temperature and the pressure of the exhaust gas-steam mixed steam are increased by using a steam compressor, and the exhaust gas-steam mixed steam is injected into a pressurizing tank and supplied to a special system of a ship for use.
In some technical solutions, the method further comprises the steps of: the control device is used for controlling, managing, warning, alarming and displaying the system; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
further comprising the steps of: and the control device is used for controlling any two complementary energy collecting tanks to synchronously or alternatively participate in the collecting vaporization process and the compression conveying process.
In other aspects, the invention also provides a ship, and by adopting the ship complementary energy utilization system, the comprehensive energy efficiency of the ship can be effectively improved by a new ship at the beginning of design, and old ships which do not meet the latest international environmental protection requirement and/or regional environmental protection requirement can be recovered to obtain operational quality, so that considerable economic income is created for shipowners, simultaneously, the waste of earth resources and the emission of pollutants and toxic substances caused by the disassembly of the old ships are reduced, and the emission of pollutants and toxic substances increased by additional new ship construction is also reduced.
The waste gas and steam mixed steam generated by the ship complementary energy utilization system can be used for supplying heat for a ship general system and a ship energy-saving system, and can also be used for supplying a complete treated object with energy for a ship environment-friendly system.
The invention adopts the technical scheme and at least has the following beneficial effects:
1. the high-temperature waste gas generated by all ship power systems is collected, mixed gas of steam tail gas and waste gas tail gas generated by other ship steam systems and heat exchange warm water generated by ship heat exchange equipment and a hot well are fully collected, all complementary energy carriers are subjected to a natural water vaporization process to generate waste gas steam mixed gas with higher temperature and pressure, or the mixed gas is compressed again to raise the temperature and the pressure for a specific ship system to use, so that the comprehensive energy efficiency of the ship is improved, and the economy and the environmental friendliness are achieved;
2. the exhaust gas steam mixed steam generated by the ship complementary energy utilization system can be used for supplying heat for a ship general system and a ship energy-saving system and also can be used for supplying a complete processed object with energy for a ship environmental protection system, and all the exhaust gas steam mixed steam is discharged into the sea along with the realization of the function of increasing the comprehensive energy efficiency of the ship;
3. the ship complementary energy utilization system can give consideration to the functions of the open type desulfurization tower, the waste gas treated by seawater is not discharged into the atmosphere any more but directly discharged into the sea, and is equivalent to a fully-treated open type desulfurization system which does not generate back pressure on a diesel engine, compared with the traditional open type desulfurization tower, because the complementary energy utilization system disclosed by the application carries out closed vaporization on all the collected high-temperature waste gas, then the waste gas is completely discharged into the sea without overflowing, and the natural effect of the seawater is utilized for complete desulfurization, the desulfurization effect is more perfect;
4. the ship complementary energy utilization system can make up the situation that the steam quantity generated by a waste gas boiler and a steam economizer in the traditional ship system is insufficient, compared with the traditional waste gas boiler, because all collected high-temperature waste gas is used for water vaporization in the ship complementary energy utilization system, the residual heat is utilized more fully, the same quantity of high-temperature waste gas can generate more steam, and for the situation that some ships, such as crude oil tankers, need auxiliary boilers for additionally burning fuel to provide steam, the complementary energy utilization system applying the ship complementary energy utilization system reduces the consumption of the additional fuel and generates remarkable energy-saving effect;
5. the residual energy utilization system provided by the application can allow the part of mixed gas not to be directly discharged into the atmosphere, but can enter the residual energy utilization system for recycling, and a large amount of mixed gas can be generated due to continuous accumulation, and can be used for heating seawater and be discharged to the holes at the specific positions on the surface of the ship body side by side, so that the characteristic of the fluid boundary layer on the outer surface of the ship body is changed, the frictional resistance and the viscous resistance of the ship are reduced, and the purpose of improving the propelling efficiency of the ship is achieved;
6. the ship residual energy utilization system provided by the application is not only suitable for systems such as traditional internal combustion engine power and fuel boilers of gasoline, diesel oil and heavy oil, but also suitable for new energy power ships which may appear in the future, including but not limited to ammonia fuel power, methanol power, hybrid power, mixed fuel, synthetic fuel, solid oxide fuel cell power, hydrogen fuel internal combustion engine power and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings and the reference numerals thereof that are required to be used in the embodiments are briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without inventive labor.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a ship complementary energy utilization method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a system for utilizing the surplus energy of a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a structural diagram of another embodiment of the system for utilizing the residual energy of the ship according to the embodiment of the present invention.
The notations in the figures have the following meanings:
1-5, 9-triple valve; 6-a gas collecting pipe; 7-a check valve; 8-high temperature high pressure blower; 10-exhaust gas tail gas fan; 11-a hot water delivery pump; 12-a seawater pump; 13-a vapor compressor; 14-19, 25-28-stop check valve; 20. 29-complementary energy collection tank; 21-a spray pipe; 22-temperature pressure sensor; 23. 33-safety valve; 24. 34-a residual discharge valve; 30-a pressurized tank; 31-an adjustable pressure reducing valve; 40-a chimney; 50-a master console.
The fluid reference numbers in the figures have the following meanings:
A 0 : the seawater lifted by the seawater pump is only used when A is 5 、A 7 And A 8 Is not enough to absorb the exhaust gas A 1 ～A 4 And A 6 When the heat is carried, the seawater pump is controlled to pump seawater into the residual energy collecting tank;
A 1 : marine propulsion systems, including but not limited to internal combustion engines, gas turbines, etc., high temperature exhaust gases resulting from the combustion of fuel oils, LNG, methanol, ammonia, hydrogen, etc., or synthetic or blended fuels;
A 2 : marine power generation systems that burn fuel oil, LNG, methanol, ammonia, hydrogen, or other fuels, synthetic fuels, or mixed fuels thereof to produce high-temperature exhaust gas;
A 3 : passing through a ship exhaust gas boiler or using high-temperature exhaust gas A 1 And/or A 2 Exhaust gas from a steam generating device;
A 4 : marine boiler system for burning fuel oil, LNG, methanol, ammonia, hydrogen, or other fuels, synthetic fuels, or mixed fuels thereofThe generated high-temperature exhaust gas; or a ship incinerator, high temperature exhaust gas generated by the incineration process;
A 5 : steam tail gas generated by a ship steam system and not recycled by other energy utilization systems of a ship; or steam tail gas or waste gas tail gas mixed gas which is generated by a ship fuel cell system and is not recycled by other energy utilization systems of a ship;
A 6 : high-temperature exhaust gas generated by combustion of fuel such as fuel oil, LNG, methanol, ammonia, or hydrogen, synthetic fuel, or mixed fuel thereof, in an internal combustion engine or a power machine that drives a pump, an air compressor, or the like;
A 7 : other high-temperature waste gas or steam tail gas or waste gas and tail gas mixed gas generated by a ship system; the method also comprises the steps that after the ship complementary energy utilization system is used, the steam tail gas or the exhaust gas tail gas mixed gas and the like which are not directly discharged into water or atmosphere and have complementary energy utilization value enter the ship complementary energy utilization system again;
A 8 : hot water (including fresh water and seawater) generated by cooling or condensing equipment or a hot well and not recycled;
A 9 ：A 1 ～A 4 and A 6 Discharged into a gas collecting pipe and mixed into A 9 。
B 1 : the waste gas and steam mixed steam is generated in the waste energy collecting tank and is led to the steam compressor;
B 2 : injecting the waste gas-steam mixed steam into a pressurizing tank for further heating and boosting after acting by a steam compressor;
B 3 : the exhaust gas and steam mixed steam is discharged from the pressurizing tank and is led to other energy-saving systems on board the ship;
B 4 : the exhaust gas and steam mixed steam is discharged from the pressurizing tank and is led to other shipborne environmental protection systems;
B 5 : the exhaust gas and steam mixed steam discharged from the pressurizing tank is led to a general system of the ship.
C 1 : in an emergency state, the waste gas and steam mixed steam is discharged from the waste energy collecting tank to a chimney through a safety valve and enters the atmosphere;
C 2 : in an emergency state, the waste gas and steam mixed steam is discharged to a chimney from the residual energy collecting tank through a safety valve and enters the atmosphere;
C 3 : and in an emergency state, after a safety valve of the pressurizing tank is opened, the waste gas and steam mixed steam is discharged to a chimney and enters the atmosphere.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following description will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some examples of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, without inventive effort, other drawings and embodiments can be derived from them.
For the sake of simplicity, only the parts relevant to the invention are schematically shown in the drawings, and they do not represent the actual structure as a product. Moreover, in the interest of brevity and understanding, only one of the components having the same structure or function is illustrated schematically or designated in some of the drawings. In this document, "one" means not only "only one" but also a case of "more than one". In addition, in the description of the present application, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used solely for distinguishing between the descriptions and are not intended to indicate or imply relative importance.
It should be further understood that the term "and/or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
In this context, it is to be understood that, unless otherwise specifically stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The current situation of ship complementary energy waste heat utilization: high-temperature waste gas generated by fuel-burning ship power systems such as all ship internal combustion engines or the like is discharged into the atmosphere after being processed by energy-saving and emission-reducing systems such as a desulfurizing tower, a carbon capture system, a denitrification system or a smoke and dust removing system, so that a large amount of residual energy and waste heat are not fully utilized, the atmosphere is polluted, and redundant heat energy is injected into the atmosphere; after steam generated by the existing system of the ship is used by steam equipment, part of tail steam is directly discharged to the sea without effective utilization and energy recovery; some of the cooling water or condensed water produced by the existing system of the ship is directly discharged to the sea without effective utilization and energy recovery; and other marine related technologies are in all aspects wasteful of energy.
This application is for overcoming above-mentioned current situation, an innovation thinking is provided, can collect the high temperature waste gas that whole boats and ships driving system produced, the steam tail gas and the waste gas tail gas steam mixture that other boats and ships steam system produced, the warm water of heat transfer that boats and ships heat exchange equipment and hot-well produced also all fully collects, and carry out natural water vaporization process with all complementary energy carriers, produce the waste gas steam mixture of higher temperature and pressure, or compress these mixtures once more and the intensification steps up, supply the specific system of boats and ships to use, thereby improve the comprehensive efficiency of boats and ships.
The exhaust gas steam mixed steam generated by the innovative ideas can be used for supplying heat for a ship general system and a ship energy-saving system, and can also be used for supplying a complete treated object with energy for a ship environment-friendly system, and all the exhaust gas steam mixed steam is discharged into the sea along with the realization of the function of increasing the comprehensive energy efficiency of the ship.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a preferred embodiment of the method for utilizing the residual energy of the ship according to the present invention is implemented in the system for utilizing the residual energy of the ship shown in fig. 2.
The ship complementary energy utilization system comprises a complementary energy collecting and vaporizing device, a mixed steam supply device and a control device. The complementary energy collecting and vaporizing device is communicated with each functional system of the ship to collect complementary energy carriers comprising waste gas, steam tail gas, waste gas and tail gas mixed gas and heat exchange water, and the collected complementary energy is utilized to vaporize water in the complementary energy carriers and/or externally supplemented seawater to generate waste gas and steam mixed gas with higher temperature and pressure; the mixed steam supply device is used for heating and boosting the mixed steam of the exhaust gas and the steam according to the energy demand of a specific system of a ship; the control device is used for controlling, managing, warning, alarming and displaying the system.
In the above embodiment, the surplus energy collecting and vaporizing device includes a surplus energy collecting tank and a plurality of parallel flow channels disposed at an upstream of the surplus energy collecting tank, the parallel flow channels include a high-temperature exhaust gas collecting flow channel, an exhaust gas and tail gas collecting flow channel and a heat exchange warm water collecting flow channel, the heat exchange warm water collecting flow channel is bypassed by a water replenishing flow channel, and the water replenishing flow channel is communicated with external seawater.
The high-temperature waste gas collecting flow channel is connected with a gas collecting pipe 6, the gas collecting pipe 6 is respectively connected with a first waste gas collecting pipe communicated with a ship propulsion system, a second waste gas collecting pipe communicated with a ship power generation system, a third waste gas collecting pipe communicated with a ship steam system, a fourth waste gas collecting pipe communicated with a ship boiler system and a fifth waste gas collecting pipe communicated with a ship power machine, and each waste gas collecting pipe is connected with an externally-discharged chimney 40 through three-way valves 1-5.
In the embodiment, on the premise of not influencing functions of related systems and equipment, a three-way valve is arranged on each waste gas collecting pipe, and the three-way valves are communicated with the gas collecting pipe 6 and are connected with the external chimney 40 at the same time, so that the fluid with residual energy and waste heat generated from each functional system of the ship is ensured, and the fluid can be stably mixed in the gas collecting pipe 6 under the conditions of different involved temperatures, flow rates and back pressure parameters required by related equipment, and the phenomena of equipment damage and unstable system operation caused by rapid mixing of the fluid are avoided.
In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of spray pipes 21 are distributed in the internal part of the residual energy collecting tank 20 along the length direction, nozzles are uniformly distributed on the spray pipes 21, and any spray pipe 21 is communicated with the heat exchange warm water collecting channel and/or the water supplementing channel so as to atomize hot water generated by the heat exchange equipment and the hot well of the ship and externally supplemented seawater; the inside of the complementary energy collecting tank 20 is provided with a gas distributor which is respectively communicated with a high-temperature waste gas collecting flow passage and a waste gas tail gas collecting flow passage so as to uniformly distribute the high-temperature waste gas generated by the ship power system and the ship boiler system and the mixed gas of the steam tail gas and the waste gas tail gas generated by the ship steam system.
In this embodiment, the complementary energy of waste gas and steam tail gas is utilized to vaporize water rapidly, the waste gas steam mixed gas of certain temperature pressure is produced, the preferred embodiment of the ship complementary energy utilization method of the application is that the heat exchange warm water and the steam tail gas in the collected complementary energy carrier are consumed first, and only when the heat exchange warm water and the steam tail gas are not enough to absorb the complementary energy carried by the waste gas, the steam tail gas and the waste gas tail gas mixed gas, the seawater is controlled to be supplemented into the complementary energy collection tank 20.
In the above embodiment, the mixed steam supply device includes the steam compressor 13 and the pressure tank 30, the steam compressor 13 is disposed on a communication flow channel between the waste energy collecting tank 20 and the pressure tank 30, a plurality of parallel flow channels are disposed at the downstream of the pressure tank 30, and the parallel flow channels include an energy-saving system supply flow channel, an environmental protection system supply flow channel, and a general system supply flow channel.
The energy-saving system supply channel is communicated to the ship energy-saving system, and the ship energy-saving system comprises but is not limited to: devices for increasing the thrust of a ship propulsion system or improving the propulsion efficiency (such as a thrust-increasing conduit system, a thrust-increasing system of a water jet propeller and the like), devices for reducing the frictional resistance or viscous resistance of a ship body (such as a bubble drag reduction system, a synovial membrane drag reduction system, a local temperature-increasing drag reduction system of a fluid boundary layer on the outer surface of the ship body and the like), synergistic devices for assisting a power generation device and an ice breaking system and the like; the environmental protection system supply channel is connected to the ship environmental protection system, and the ship environmental protection system includes but is not limited to: a carbon capture system, a denitrification system, a smoke absorption system, an HC absorption system, and the like; the utility system supply runner communicates to a marine utility system including, but not limited to: the conventional gas system for the ship is used for producing fresh water, warming a cylinder of power equipment, a kitchen and a cabin, heating fuel oil, vaporizing low-temperature liquid fuel, heating liquid goods (such as crude oil, heavy fuel oil and the like), driving a liquid goods pump (such as crude oil) and the like.
It should be noted that, according to the actual needs of the ship, the exhaust gas-steam mixed steam from the waste energy collecting tank 20 may also be directly discharged into the pressure tank 30 through the three-way valve 9, and then is supplied to the specific system of the ship after being heated and pressurized.
In the above embodiments, the control device comprises a valve assembly for controlling the flow and/or direction and/or pressure of the fluid in each flow channel, a power assembly for inputting external energy to the fluid in each flow channel, and a sensing assembly for monitoring fluid parameters of each container device of the system.
In a specific embodiment, the valve assembly includes, but is not limited to: stop check valves 14-19 respectively arranged at the inlet and outlet ends of the high-temperature waste gas collecting flow passage, the waste gas tail gas collecting flow passage, the heat exchange warm water collecting flow passage, the water replenishing flow passage and the steam compressor, a check valve 7 arranged at the outlet end of the gas collecting pipe 6, three-way valves 1-5 and 9 respectively arranged on the waste gas collecting pipes and a mixed steam conveying flow passage communicated with the steam outlet of the waste energy collecting tank, safety valves 23 and 33 respectively arranged on the flow passages communicated with the waste energy collecting tank 20, the pressurizing tank 30 and the external chimney 40, and residue discharging valves 24 and 34 respectively arranged on the emptying pipes communicated with the bottoms of the waste energy collecting tank 20 and the pressurizing tank 30.
The power assembly comprises a high-temperature high-pressure fan 8, a waste gas tail gas fan 10, a hot water delivery pump 11, a vapor compressor 13 and a seawater pump 12, wherein the high-temperature high-pressure fan 8 is arranged on a high-temperature waste gas collecting flow passage and provides waste gas tail gas mixed gas delivery power, the waste gas tail gas fan 10 is arranged on a waste gas tail gas collecting flow passage and provides waste gas tail gas mixed gas delivery power, the hot water delivery pump 11 is arranged on a heat exchange warm water collecting flow passage and provides heat exchange water delivery power, the vapor compressor 13 is arranged between the waste energy collecting tank 20 and the pressurizing tank 30 and is communicated with the flow passage and is used for inputting external energy, and the seawater pump 12 is arranged on a water replenishing flow passage and is used for seawater lifting.
The sensing assembly comprises temperature and pressure sensors 22 respectively arranged in the waste energy collecting tank 20, the pressurizing tank 30 and the gas collecting pipe 6.
The technical parameters of the capacity, temperature, pressure, flow rate, grade and the like of the residual energy collecting tank 20, the pressure tank 30, the gas collecting pipe 6 and related valve components, power components, pipeline systems and the like are designed and calculated according to the requirements of the real ship system and are approved by related departments. Preferably, the heat insulation layer is arranged outside the related equipment and the piping system so as to avoid the dissipation of residual energy and waste heat.
The ship residual energy utilization system is provided with a master control console, is managed through a computer system, specifically receives signals such as temperature pressure flow of a temperature pressure sensor 22 and related valves, pump sets, fans, a vapor compressor 13 and the like, and controls the related valves, pump sets, vapor compressors and fans to work according to a computer program; the automatic operation of the system can be realized; if necessary, a mode of manual intervention + automatic operation may be adopted. Automatic operation, including but not limited to control, management, warning and display of the system, operation of all equipment, valves, switches of the system, and if necessary, prompting for manual intervention and corresponding operations to ensure the desired functionality of the invention and the safety of the marine system. The master control console can display the comprehensive energy-saving and emission-reducing effect on a screen through actual parameter calculation, and can output electronic or paper reports regularly or irregularly according to requirements.
The preferred embodiment of the ship complementary energy utilization method of the present application is as follows:
A 1 ～A 4 and A 6 Continuously discharged into a gas collecting pipe 6 and mixed into A 9 (ii) a Opening the stop check valve 14, starting the high-temperature high-pressure fan 8, and turning on the fan A 9 The waste energy is injected into a waste energy collecting tank 20 by a high-temperature high-pressure fan 8 through a check valve 7; simultaneously opening a stop check valve 16 to respectively inject A into the waste energy collecting tank 20 through the exhaust gas and tail gas fan 11 5 And A 7 Is injected A by a hot water delivery pump 10 8 (ii) a If necessary, the residual energy collecting tank 20 is filled with A through the seawater pump 12 0 . The water sprayed by the spray pipe 21 and the nozzle is quickly vaporized to generate B with certain temperature and pressure 1 。
When the temperature and pressure in the waste energy collecting tank 20 rise to a predetermined value, the steam compressor 13 is started 1 Increasing the temperature and pressure by the working of the vapor compressor 13, and injecting into the pressurized tank 30, if necessary part B 1 Or directly injected into the pressurizing tank 30 without passing through the vapor compressor 13 as needed to achieveAdjusting B in the pressure tank 2 Temperature and pressure.
The steam compressor 13 continuously works to generate the exhaust gas-steam mixed steam B with the pressure and the temperature required by the ship system in the pressurizing tank 30 3 、B 4 、B 5 And the like, which are respectively supplied for relevant ship systems.
The high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas steam mixed steam generated by the application has wide application, including but not limited to the following aspects: the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas steam mixed steam generated by the pressurizing tank 30 is supplied to a ship general system and a ship energy-saving system for using heat after being adjusted by an adjustable pressure reducing valve 31 under the control of a master control console, and can also be used for supplying a complete processed object with energy to a ship environment-friendly system, wherein the supply pressure value of the exhaust gas steam mixed steam comprises but is not limited to 0.7MPa and 1.6MPa used by a conventional system.
The ship complementary energy utilization system has the advantages that all components of the system are required to be cleaned and cleaned during the process of stopping the ship. Especially the piping from the seawater pump 12 to the shower 21, the piping valves and the nozzles on the shower 21 should be cleaned of fouling during the shut down of the vessel. The cleaned residue is discharged through the residual discharge valve 24 into the ship waste water or bilge water system.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, another preferred embodiment of the ship complementary energy utilization method of the present invention is implemented in a ship complementary energy utilization system as shown in fig. 3.
The system and the method for utilizing the residual energy of the ship are basically the same as those of the previous embodiment, and the difference is only that the residual energy collecting tanks of the embodiment are two groups arranged in parallel, and two schemes for generating the mixed steam required by the ship system are provided.
The first scheme comprises the following steps: the two complementary energy collection tanks 20, 29 of the present application participate in the collection vaporization process and the compression delivery process simultaneously. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: a. The 1 ～A 4 And A 6 Continuously discharged into a gas collecting pipe 6 and mixed into A 9 (ii) a Opening the stop check valves 14 and 25, starting the high-temperature high-pressure fan 8, and turning on the A 9 The residual energy is injected into the residual energy collecting tanks 20 and 29 by the high-temperature high-pressure fan 8 through the check valve 7; simultaneously opening the stop check valves 16, 27 respectivelyInjecting A into the complementary energy collecting tanks 20 and 29 through the exhaust gas and tail gas fan 11 5 And A 7 Is injected A by a hot water delivery pump 10 8 (ii) a If necessary, the residual energy collecting tanks 20 and 29 are filled with A by the seawater pump 12 0 . The water sprayed by the spray pipe 21 and the nozzle is quickly vaporized to generate B with certain temperature and pressure 1 。
And 2, step: when the temperature and pressure in the residual energy collecting tanks 20, 29 rise to a predetermined value, the steam compressor 13 is started 1 Increasing the temperature and pressure by the working of the vapor compressor 13, and injecting into the pressurized tank 30, if necessary part B 1 Or directly injecting into the pressurizing tank 30 without passing through the vapor compressor 13 to adjust the B in the pressurizing tank according to the requirement 2 The vapor compressor 13 continuously performs work under the action of the temperature and the pressure, and the exhaust gas-vapor mixed vapor B with the pressure and the temperature required by the ship system is generated in the pressure tank 30 3 、B 4 、B 5 And the like, which are respectively supplied for relevant ship systems.
In this scenario, the waste energy collection tanks 20, 29 perform steps 1, 2 synchronously and continuously.
Scheme two is as follows: the two complementary energy collection tanks 20, 29 of the present application are alternately involved in the collection vaporization process and the compression delivery process. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: a. The 1 ～A 4 And A 6 Continuously discharged into a gas collecting pipe 6 and mixed into A 9 (ii) a Opening the stop check valve 14, starting the high-temperature high-pressure fan 8, and turning on the A 9 The waste energy is injected into a waste energy collecting tank 20 by a high-temperature high-pressure fan 8 through a check valve 7; simultaneously opening a stop check valve 16 to inject A into the waste energy collecting tank 20 through the waste gas tail gas fan 11 5 And A 7 Is injected A by a hot water delivery pump 10 8 (ii) a If necessary, the residual energy collecting tank 20 is filled with A through the seawater pump 12 0 . The water sprayed by the spray pipe 21 and the nozzle is quickly vaporized to generate B with certain temperature and pressure 1 。
Step 2: when the temperature and pressure in the waste energy collecting tank 20 rise to a predetermined value, the steam compressor 13 is started 1 Increasing the temperature and pressure by the working of the vapor compressor 13, and injecting into the pressurized tank 30, if necessary part B 1 Or directly injecting into the pressure tank 30 without passing through the vapor compressor 13 to adjust the pressure in the pressure tank B 2 The steam compressor 13 continuously does work under the action of the temperature and the pressure, and the exhaust gas steam mixed steam B with the pressure and the temperature required by the ship system is generated in the pressurizing tank 30 3 、B 4 、B 5 And the like, which are respectively supplied for relevant ship systems.
And 3, step 3: a. The 1 ～A 4 And A 6 Continuously discharged into a gas collecting pipe 6 and mixed into A 9 (ii) a Opening the stop check valve 25, starting the high-temperature high-pressure fan 8, and turning on the fan A 9 The waste energy is injected into a waste energy collecting tank 29 by a high-temperature high-pressure fan 8 through a check valve 7; simultaneously opening a stop check valve 27 to inject A into the waste energy collecting tank 29 through the waste gas tail gas fan 11 5 And A 7 Is injected A by a hot water delivery pump 10 8 (ii) a If necessary, the residual energy collecting tank 29 is filled with A by the seawater pump 12 0 . The water sprayed out by the spray pipe and the nozzle is quickly vaporized to generate B with certain temperature and pressure 1 。
And 4, step 4: when the temperature and pressure in the residual energy collecting tank 29 rise to a predetermined value, the vapor compressor 13 is started 1 Increasing the temperature and pressure by the working of the vapor compressor 13, and injecting into the pressurized tank 30, if necessary part B 1 Or directly injecting into the pressurizing tank 30 without passing through the vapor compressor 13 to adjust the B in the pressurizing tank according to the requirement 2 The steam compressor 13 continuously does work under the action of the temperature and the pressure, and the exhaust gas steam mixed steam B with the pressure and the temperature required by the ship system is generated in the pressurizing tank 30 3 、B 4 、B 5 And the like, which are respectively supplied for relevant ship systems.
In the scheme, the residual energy collecting tank 20 performs the step 1 for collecting and vaporizing, and simultaneously the residual energy collecting tank 29 performs the step 4 for pressurizing and heating the mixed steam by the steam compressor 13 and discharging the mixed steam into the pressurizing tank 30; then the residual energy collecting tank 20 performs step 2 to pressurize and heat the mixed steam by the steam compressor 13 and discharge the mixed steam into the pressurizing tank 30, and the residual energy collecting tank 29 performs step 3 to perform collection and vaporization. This is done continuously and alternately.
The number of the surplus energy collection tanks 20, 29 and the pressurization tank 30 may be increased as necessary, and the number of the vapor compressors 13 may be increased accordingly, to meet the actual needs of the ship.
The ship complementary energy utilization method comprises emergency situation disposal measures, and specifically comprises the following steps:
when the ship main distribution board supplies power to the system, the ship emergency power supply can timely control the three-way valves 1-5 and the safety valves 23 and 33 to be opened according to a control program, and waste gas or mixed steam is driven by residual pressure of the system to be discharged to the chimney 40 and discharged into the atmosphere.
When the main distribution board and the emergency distribution board of the ship can not supply power to the system, the storage battery pack of the ship can timely control the three-way valves 1 to 5 and the safety valves 23 and 33 to be opened according to a control program, and waste gas or mixed steam is driven by the residual pressure of the system to be discharged to the chimney 40 and discharged into the atmosphere.
When the pressure in the waste heat collecting tanks 20 and 29 or the pressure tank 30 respectively reaches or exceeds the set value of the system, the safety valves 23 and 33 respectively and automatically open, C 1 ～C 3 Will be driven at system pressure down stack 40 and vented to atmosphere.
When one of the high temperature and high pressure fan 8 or the vapor compressor 13 fails, the console 50 will control the relevant valve to open, drive the exhaust gas or mixed vapor to the stack 40 and discharge it into the atmosphere.
The inexhaustible emergency treatment measures and safety measures in the specification are designed according to actual ship conditions and regulations related to the convention, the regulation, the classification society regulations and the industrial standards, and are approved by relevant organizations.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the ship with the ship complementary energy utilization system of the present invention can collect all high temperature exhaust gas generated by the ship power system, fully collect the mixed gas of steam tail gas and exhaust gas tail gas generated by other ship steam systems, and heat exchange warm water generated by the ship heat exchange equipment and the hot well, and perform a natural water vaporization process on all complementary energy carriers to generate exhaust gas steam mixed gas with higher temperature and pressure, or compress the mixed gas again to raise the temperature and pressure for the use of a specific ship system, thereby improving the comprehensive energy efficiency of the ship and having economic and environmental friendliness;
the exhaust gas steam mixed steam generated by the ship complementary energy utilization system can be used for supplying heat for a ship general system and a ship energy-saving system, and can also be used for supplying a complete treated object with energy for a ship environment-friendly system, and all the exhaust gas steam mixed steam is discharged into the sea along with the realization of the function of increasing the comprehensive energy efficiency of the ship.
Use the boats and ships complementary energy of this application to utilize the system can compromise the function of open desulfurizing tower, the waste gas of having handled through the sea water no longer discharges into the atmosphere but directly arranges the sea, do not produce the backpressure in other words to the diesel engine, the open desulfurization system of full processing, compare traditional open desulfurizing tower, because the complementary energy of this application utilizes all high temperature waste gas that the system will collect all to carry out the vaporization sealedly, then do not have the overflow ground and all discharge into the sea, utilize the natural efficiency of sea water to carry out complete desulfurization, the effect of its desulfurization is more perfect.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not to be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the appended claims.
It should be appreciated by those of skill in the art that while the present invention has been described in terms of several embodiments, not every embodiment includes only a single embodiment. The description is given for clearness of understanding only, and reference should be made to the fact that the description is made to the preferred embodiment and that the technical solutions referred to in the embodiments are regarded as being combinable with each other in order to understand the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. Ship complementary energy utilization system, its characterized in that includes:
the residual energy collecting and vaporizing device is communicated with each functional system of the ship to collect residual energy carriers comprising waste gas, steam tail gas, waste gas and tail gas mixed gas and heat exchange water, and the collected residual energy is utilized to vaporize water in the residual energy carriers and/or externally supplemented seawater to generate waste gas and steam mixed gas with higher temperature and pressure;
and the mixed steam supply device is used for heating and boosting the mixed steam of the exhaust gas and the steam according to the energy requirement of a specific system of the ship.
2. The marine vessel residual energy utilization system according to claim 1,
the complementary energy is collected and many parallel flow ways with vapourizing unit include complementary energy holding vessel and locate complementary energy holding vessel upper reaches, parallel flow way includes that at least one high temperature waste gas collects the runner, a waste gas tail vapour collects the runner and a heat transfer warm water collects the runner, heat transfer warm water collects the runner bypass and has the moisturizing runner, the outside sea water of moisturizing runner intercommunication.
3. The marine vessel residual energy utilization system according to claim 2,
a plurality of spray pipes are distributed in the residual energy collecting tank along the length direction, and any spray pipe is communicated with the heat exchange warm water collecting channel and/or the water supplementing channel so as to atomize hot water generated by the heat exchange equipment of the ship and the hot well and externally supplemented seawater; and/or the presence of a gas in the atmosphere,
the inside of complementary energy collecting tank is equipped with gas distributor, gas distributor communicates high temperature waste gas respectively and collects the runner and waste gas tail gas collects the runner to carry out the equipartition to the high temperature waste gas that marine power system and marine boiler system produced and the steam tail gas that marine steam system produced and waste gas tail gas mist respectively.
4. The ship complementary energy utilization system of claim 2, wherein the high-temperature exhaust gas collecting flow passage is connected with a gas collecting pipe, the gas collecting pipe is respectively connected with exhaust gas collecting pipes communicated with power systems of a ship, and each exhaust gas collecting pipe is connected with an outward-discharging chimney through a three-way valve.
5. The ship residual energy utilization system according to claim 2,
the mixed steam supply device comprises a steam compressor and a pressurizing tank, wherein the steam compressor is arranged on a communication flow channel between the waste energy collecting tank and the pressurizing tank, a plurality of parallel flow channels are arranged at the lower part of the pressurizing tank, and the parallel flow channels at least comprise an energy-saving system supply flow channel, an environment-friendly system supply flow channel and a general system supply flow channel.
6. The marine vessel residual energy utilization system according to claim 5,
the number of the residual energy collecting tanks and/or the pressurizing tanks is multiple; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the waste energy collecting tank and the pressurizing tank are both connected with an externally-discharged chimney through safety valves.
7. The ship residual energy utilization system according to claim 5,
also comprises a control device which is used for controlling the operation of the electric motor,
the control device comprises a valve assembly used for controlling the flow and/or the flow direction and/or the pressure of each flow channel fluid, a power assembly used for inputting external energy to each flow channel fluid, and a sensing assembly used for monitoring fluid parameters of each container device of the system.
8. The method for utilizing the residual energy of the ship is characterized in that,
the use of the marine vessel's complementary energy utilization system of any one of claims 1-7, comprising the steps of:
collecting a vaporization process: collecting fluids with surplus energy in each functional system of the ship, wherein the fluids comprise waste gas, steam tail gas, waste gas tail gas mixed gas and heat exchange water, simultaneously injecting the fluids into a surplus energy collecting tank, and vaporizing water in a surplus energy carrier and/or externally supplemented seawater by using the surplus energy of the fluids to generate waste gas steam mixed gas with higher temperature and pressure;
and (3) a compression conveying process: the temperature and the pressure of the exhaust gas-steam mixed steam are increased by using a steam compressor, and the exhaust gas-steam mixed steam is injected into a pressurizing tank and supplied to a special system of a ship for use.
9. The ship complementary energy utilization method according to claim 8,
further comprising the steps of: the control device is used for controlling, managing, warning, alarming and displaying the system; and/or the presence of a gas in the atmosphere,
further comprising the steps of: and the control device is used for controlling any two complementary energy collecting tanks to synchronously or alternatively participate in the collecting vaporization process and the compression conveying process.
10. A ship, characterized in that it comprises a ship,
comprising the marine residual energy utilization system according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
the waste gas and steam mixed steam generated by the ship complementary energy utilization system can be used for supplying heat for a ship general system and a ship energy-saving system, and can also be used for supplying a complete treated object with energy for a ship environment-friendly system.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310086378.7A CN115977826A (en) | 2023-02-01 | 2023-02-01 | Ship complementary energy utilization system and method and ship |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310086378.7A CN115977826A (en) | 2023-02-01 | 2023-02-01 | Ship complementary energy utilization system and method and ship |
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