CN115968965B - Application of natural mixed culture fermentation liquor of yak rumen anaerobic fungi and methane bacteria in improving quality of Siemens beef - Google Patents
Application of natural mixed culture fermentation liquor of yak rumen anaerobic fungi and methane bacteria in improving quality of Siemens beef Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of feed additives, in particular to an application of a natural mixed culture fermentation broth as a natural feed additive and a method for improving beef quality, wherein a mixed culture YakQH is preserved in China general microbiological culture Collection center (CGMCC No. 19299) in the 3-9 th year of 2020, and the digestibility of neutral washing cellulose of Siemens cattle is improved by 10.2%; the average daily gain is 695.0g; the contents of glucose, total protein, albumin and globulin in blood are obviously higher than those of a control group and a blank group, so that the metabolic capacity of Siemens Niu Jiti is enhanced; the content of glycine, aspartic acid and phenylalanine in the Siemens beef and the content of total amino acid are obviously improved by 2.50 percent, and the content of total unsaturated fatty acid of monounsaturated fatty acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid is 7.01 percent, so that the quality of the Siemens beef is obviously improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of feed additives, in particular to application of a natural mixed culture of yak rumen anaerobic fungi and methane bacteria as a roughage additive in improving beef quality.
Background
With the improvement of the living standard of people, the requirements on the meat quality are continuously increased, and the low-fat high-protein beef is favored by consumers. Many factors affecting the quality of ruminant carcasses and meats can be categorized into two parts, namely internal factors directly related to the animal itself (such as breed, age, sex, etc.) and external environmental factors (such as ration, slaughter program, etc.); the daily ration is one of the main factors, and the animal production performance can be optimized through daily ration regulation and control, so that the beef quality is improved. The high-protein and low-energy feed is used during the growth period of beef cattle, and the low-protein and high-energy feed can meet the fat deposition during the fattening period, thereby being beneficial to forming marble-like patterns. The proportion of the concentrate and the roughage also has a certain influence on fat deposition. Roughage fed animals are generally considered to have a meat quality inferior to concentrate fed animals. The improvement of beef quality is increasingly being appreciated by consumers and cattle producers, and feed nutrition plays an important role in meat quality control, so that in addition to meeting the nutritional requirements of cattle in determining a feeding scheme, the beef quality must be improved by taking into account nutritional factors affecting the meat quality and performing proper regulation so as to meet the requirements of consumers.
China is a large agricultural country, and main agricultural products comprise rice, wheat and corn. The yields of rice, wheat and corn in 2019 are 20961.4 ten thousand t, 13359.6 ten thousand t and 26077.9 ten thousand t according to the statistics of Chinese yearbook, so that a large amount of straw waste is generated. The straw waste is mainly corn straw, the yield reaches 33092.9 ten thousand t, and the total yield of the straw waste is 39.5%. The main components of the corn straw comprise lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose. Corn stalks have long been used as animal feeds, but have high crude fiber content, large volume, rough texture, less nutritional ingredients and poor palatability. Whole plant corn silage has become the main feed for ruminant ration worldwide. However, due to the seasonal harvesting characteristics and the reasons of farming conditions or habits, corn stalks are usually harvested after wilting or yellow drying, and the loss of water and sugar is serious. The dry yellow corn stalks are seriously lignified, have poor palatability and are not suitable for being directly fed to ruminants. However, in remote areas, many farmers still feed the kneaded dry yellow corn stalks as cow daily ration, so that the slow growth and development caused by insufficient nutrition supply of the livestock is not matched with the local heavy cultivation operation, the reproductive performance and the meat and milk production performance of the livestock are also indirectly influenced, and the economic benefit development is slow.
The feed additive is an effective way for improving the nutritive value of the feed, and the fattening effect is good, for example Liu Cuie researches show that the daily gain and the dry matter feed return rate of feeding the distillers 'grains are obviously higher than those of feeding fresh distillers' grains, and the economic benefit is obvious. Tong Dan and other researches show that the 5% fermented bean dregs are used for replacing bean pulp in diet to feed beef cattle, the palatability is not affected, the feed weight ratio of the beef cattle can be obviously improved, and the beef cattle has good popularization value. The research of megalevel shows that when alfalfa is added into beef cattle daily ration, the weight gain rate is improved by 35.19% and the feed conversion rate is improved by 36.14% compared with a control group, and the economic benefit is obvious. But the beef cattle are fed with the feed such as brewer's grains and the like, so that the beef quality is not greatly affected. Numerous researches are also carried out by the person skilled in the art for improving the beef quality, for example, the invention patent CN108576420a discloses a preparation method of a saline-alkali soil plant feed additive for improving the beef quality, but the method is applicable to saline-alkali soil plants such as suaeda salsa and salicornia, and is not applicable to corn stalks.
The invention provides a mixed culture, wherein a high-activity lignocellulose degrading enzyme fermentation broth produced by degrading straw of the mixed culture is used as a feed additive to be added into corn straw coarse feed for feeding Siemens cattle, so that the average daily gain and average daily feed intake of the Siemens cattle can be remarkably improved, and the neutral washing cellulose digestibility of the corn straw coarse feed of the Siemens cattle is improved by 10.2%; the average daily gain is 695.0g; the average daily feed intake is increased by 2.83kg; the contents of Glucose (GLU), total Protein (TP), albumin (ALB) and Globulin (GLB) in blood are obviously higher than those in a control group and a blank group, so that the metabolic capacity of Siemens Niu Jiti is enhanced; the content of glycine, aspartic acid and phenylalanine in the Siemens beef and the content of total amino acid are improved by 2.50 percent, and the content of total unsaturated fatty acid of monounsaturated fatty acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid is improved by 7.01 percent, so that the quality of the Siemens beef is improved. Our study demonstrated for the first time that: the mixed culture of the yak rumen anaerobic fungus and the methane bacteria can be applied to the straw coarse feed of the Siemens cattle and has unique advantages, and has wide application prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above technical problems, a primary object of the present invention is to provide an application of a natural mixed culture of a yak rumen anaerobic fungus and a methanogen as a feed additive, wherein the natural mixed culture of the yak rumen anaerobic fungus and the methanogen is a co-culture YakQH5 of the anaerobic fungus (Neocallimastixfrontalis) and the methanogen (Methanobrevibactergottschalkii), and the natural mixed culture YakQH is preserved in China general microbiological culture collection center with the preservation number of CGMCC No.19299 and the preservation address of the natural mixed culture YakQH is: north Star Xilai national institute of microbiology, national academy of sciences 3, chaoyang, beijing, telephone: 010-64807355.
Preferably, the mixed culture YakQH has a xylanase activity of 8235mU/mL, a carboxymethyl cellulase activity of 929mU/mL, a feruloyl esterase activity of 11.3mU/mL, an acetyl esterase activity of 175mU/mL, a coumarase activity of 2.8mU/mL, a laccase activity of 67.5mU/mL, and a filter paper enzyme activity of 1187mU/mL at a ruminant rumen temperature of 39 ℃.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the high-activity fermentation broth produced by anaerobic culture of the rumen anaerobic fungi and methane bacteria mixed culture of yaks by taking corn stalks as substrates in enhancing the metabolic capacity of animals, wherein the mixed culture is a mixed culture YakQH5 of anaerobic fungi (Neocallimastixfrontalis) and methane bacteria (Methanobrevibactergottschalkii), the mixed culture YakQH is preserved in China general microbiological culture collection center (CGMCC No. 19299) at 9 days of the 3 months 2020, and the preservation address is: north Star Xilai national institute of microbiology, national academy of sciences 3, chaoyang, beijing, telephone: 010-64807355.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the high-activity fermentation broth produced by anaerobic culture of the rumen anaerobic fungi and methane bacteria of yaks by taking corn stalks as substrates in promoting animal growth, wherein the mixed culture is a mixed culture YakQH5 of anaerobic fungi (Neocallimastixfrontalis) and methane bacteria (Methanobrevibactergottschalkii), the mixed culture YakQH is preserved in China general microbiological culture Collection center (CGMCC No. 19299) at 9 days of 2020, and the preservation address is: north Star Xilai national institute of microbiology, national academy of sciences 3, chaoyang, beijing, telephone: 010-64807355.
A fourth object of the present invention is to provide a cattle feed additive comprising said mixed culture YakQH.
A fifth object of the present invention is to provide a cattle feed, wherein the mixed culture YakQH is used for fermenting coarse feed.
Preferably, the coarse fodder is straw.
Preferably, the straw is corn straw.
The sixth object of the invention is to provide a method for improving beef quality, which utilizes the cattle straw coarse fodder to feed cattle.
Preferably, the bovine species is Siemens cattle.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention firstly provides a new application of a natural mixed culture YakQH5 of anaerobic fungi (Neocallimastix frontalis) and methanobacteria (Methanobrevibactergottschalkii) as a feed additive, wherein the mixed culture YakQH5 of the anaerobic fungi (Neocallimastixfrontalis) and the methanobacteria (Methanobrevibactergottschalkii) is added into feed, so that the average daily gain and average daily feed intake of the feed can be obviously improved by feeding Siemens cattle, and the neutral washing cellulose digestibility of the straw coarse feed of Siemens cattle is improved by 10.2%; the average daily gain is 695.0g; the average daily feed intake is increased by 2.83kg; the contents of Glucose (GLU), total Protein (TP), albumin (ALB) and Globulin (GLB) in blood are obviously higher than those in a control group and a blank group, so that the metabolic capacity of Siemens Niu Jiti is enhanced; the content of glycine, aspartic acid and phenylalanine in the Siemens beef and the content of total amino acid are improved by 2.50 percent, and the content of total unsaturated fatty acid of monounsaturated fatty acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid is improved by 7.01 percent, so that the quality of the Siemens beef is improved. Our study demonstrated for the first time that: the natural mixed culture of the yak rumen anaerobic fungus and the methane bacteria can be applied to the straw coarse feed of the Siemens cattle and has unique advantages, and has wide application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 Marble Pattern scoring Standard reference map
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the invention will be made with reference to specific examples, but it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example one effect of feeding cattle on growth and meat quality after addition of a mixed culture broth of Yak rumen anaerobic fungus and Methanomyces
1. Test design and sample handling
(1) Test materials
Corn stalk: is obtained from the Shangxu planting farmer professional Cooperation in the Tongwei county of Jungxi, gansu province, the collection time is 12 months in 2020, the water content is 5.25% when the materials are collected, and the materials are in a dry yellow state and are crushed to 0.5-1 cm for standby.
The natural mixed culture YakQH of anaerobic fungi (Neocallimastixfrontalis) and methanobacteria (Methanobrevibacter gottschalkii) which are separated from gastric juice of pasturing yak in Xinghai county of Xinghai province is inoculated in 25mL of fermentation liquor which is anaerobically cultured for 72h by taking corn straw as a substrate (1% (w/v)) to be cultured in 225mL of liquid anaerobic fungi culture medium, the fermentation liquor is cultured for 4d by taking the corn straw as the substrate (1% (w/v)), and 1000 Xg of the fermentation liquor is centrifuged for 10min to obtain supernatant enzyme liquid for later use, namely the supernatant of the fermentation liquor of the natural lignocellulose degrading enzyme. This supernatant was subjected to rumen conditions in siemens cattle-i.e.: at a pH of 6.8 and a temperature of 39 ℃,
Xylanase activity is 8235mU/mL, carboxymethyl cellulase activity is 929mU/mL, feruloyl esterase activity is 11.3mU/mL, acetyl esterase activity is 175mU/mL, coumarate esterase activity is 2.8mU/mL, laccase activity is 67.5mU/mL, and filter paper enzyme activity is 1187mU/mL.
Commercial xylanase: from silver raceno biotechnology limited. The powdered xylanase has the enzyme activity of 60 mu/g, distilled water is added to be dissolved to be saturated, and the supernatant is taken for standby after precipitation is removed.
(2) Feeding management of test animals
The test animals are 3 times daily, 8:00 a.m., 12:00 a.m., 7:00 a.m., and free water in the morning, the city of the Wei county, the Min's professional Cooperation of the farmer, li Xiancun Ximen Taer cattle farm.
Daily ration composition (air-dried basis%): 90% of corn straw, 4% of wheat bran, 3% of soybean meal, 1% of urea, 1% of baking soda and 1% of calcium carbonate.
(3) Experimental design and sample collection
The 9 cattle used in the random selection test are respectively marked in 3 groups, wherein a blank group of 3 Siemens cattle (K1-K3) are fed with dry yellow corn straw coarse fodder, a control group of 3 Siemens cattle (D1-D2) are added with saturated liquid of commercial xylanase before feeding, an experimental group of 3 Siemens cattle (S1-S3) are added with supernatant of natural lignocellulose degrading enzyme fermentation liquor produced by degrading corn straw by natural mixed culture YakQH of anaerobic fungi (Neocallimastixfrontalis) and methane bacteria (Methanobrevibactergottschalkii) before feeding, a test pre-test period of 5D and a formal period of 14D, and the 9 cattle are subjected to open web preparation for 48 hours first in the first day of the formal test. And feeding the prepared three groups of straws subjected to different pretreatment to test cattle, wherein the test cattle are free to drink water once in the morning and at night.
2. Measurement index and measurement method
2.1 Growth Performance measurement
At the beginning and end of the formal experiment, the experimental Siemens cattle were fasted on an empty stomach for 12 hours, weighed and recorded as initial weight and final weight, and the average daily gain was calculated. The feeding amount and the residual amount of each group of cattle are accurately recorded every day during the test period, and the average daily gain, the feed weight ratio and the average daily feed intake are calculated.
Average Daily Gain (ADG) = (last-first weight)/test day
Average Daily Feed Intake (ADFI) =feed intake per cow test period/test day
Feed-to-weight ratio (F/G) =average daily feed intake/average daily gain
2.2 Determination of apparent digestibility of nutrients
Taking a certain amount of sample, drying and measuring the moisture content and Dry Matter (DM), taking the dried sample, crushing the sample by a crusher, sieving the crushed sample by a 40-mesh sieve, taking the sieved sample, and measuring the Dry Matter (DM), neutral washing fiber (NDF) and acid washing fiber (ADF), wherein the Dry Matter (DM) is measured by a drying method at 105 ℃. Determination of lignocellulosic Components: NDF and ADF use an alpha F6800 type fiber meter.
Dry matter digestibility = [ (dry matter intake-dry matter discharge)/total dry matter) ]%
Apparent digestibility of a nutrient = [ (intake of a nutrient-content of the nutrient in feces)/intake of a nutrient ] ×100%.
2.3 Measurement of Biochemical blood index
Before the last 1d morning feed of the experiment, each group of Siemens cattle was bled using anticoagulant-containing jugular vein and each group of cattle was analyzed for blood biochemical indicators [ alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glycerate (TG), glucose (GLU), total Protein (TP), albumin (ALB), globulin (GLB) ]. Effect of group 2.43 different additional enzymes on meat quality of siemens cattle
After the test is finished, beef cattle in each group are slaughtered, a longus dorsi muscle sample is taken after slaughter, and surface fascia and fat are removed, so that meat quality assessment is carried out. Measuring marbling, grade, cooked meat rate, shear force, water-holding power and pH; after wrapping a portion of the muscle sample with tinfoil, it was stored in a-20deg.C refrigerator for measurement of crude ash, crude protein and crude fat.
(1) Marble pattern classification: marbleizing is rated according to the NY/T676-2010 standard, and the scoring standard is 1-5 points in sequence as shown in figure 1.
(2) Determination of the cooked meat percentage: taking 100g of the longest muscle at the back in 2 hours after slaughter as a head, accurately weighing the mass of the longest muscle, and recording the mass as the mass (m 1) before cooking; and (3) after being steamed in a steamer tray for 30min, taking out the steamer tray and hanging the steamer tray in a shade place in a room for 15-20 min, and accurately weighing the steamer tray, and recording the weight of the steamer tray as the steamed weight (m 2).
Cooked meat rate (%) =100× (m) 1-m2)/m1
(3) Shear force measurement: cutting a meat sample to be detected into a length of 3-5 cm and a diameter of about 1cm, putting the meat sample into a sealing bag smoothly, discharging air, putting the sealing bag into boiling water to enable the temperature of the center of the meat sample to reach 75 ℃, taking out and cooling, measuring the shearing force by using a C/LM type muscle tenderness instrument, repeating each sample for 3 times, recording and taking an average value.
(4) And (3) water-holding capacity measurement: taking longest muscles at the 1 st lumbar vertebra and the 2 nd lumbar vertebra within 2h of slaughtering, cutting into meat slices with the thickness of 1cm, accurately weighing the mass of the meat slices by using a balance with the induction quantity of 0.0001kg, and marking the mass as the mass (m 1) before pressurization; the meat slices are wrapped by 18 layers of filter paper on the upper and lower mats, and the mass of the meat slices is accurately weighed after being pressurized by 35kg for 5min and recorded as the mass (m 2) after being pressurized.
Water retention capacity (%) =100× (m 1-m 2)/m 1
(5) And (3) pH measurement: the pH of the longus muscle was measured 45min, 24H after slaughter with a H9125 portable pH meter, several pH (45 min), pH (24H) respectively, 3 replicates were detected per sample, recorded and averaged.
(6) The collected meat sample is crushed and freeze-dried in a freeze dryer, the content of crude protein is measured by adopting a Kjeldahl nitrogen determination method, the content of crude ash is measured by adopting a high-temperature burning method, and the content of crude fat is measured by adopting a Soxhlet extraction method.
(7) Determination of beef amino acid content
Muscle amino acid adopts a method for measuring amino acid in food (GB 5009.124-2016): and (5) determining by an amino acid analyzer. a. Sample pretreatment: uniformly crushing the beef sample and then hydrolyzing; and after the sample is hydrolyzed, transferring the sample into a sample injection bottle for testing.
A. And (3) measuring by an upper machine: chromatographic conditions: a sulfonic acid star cation chromatographic column; wavelengths 570nm and 440nm; sample measurement: and (3) injecting the mixed amino acid standard solution and the sample to be detected into an amino acid analyzer in the same volume successively, and calculating the amino acid concentration of the sample according to the peak area.
(8) Effects of beef fatty acid content
The method for measuring the fatty acid in the food is adopted for muscle long-chain fatty acid (GB 5009.168-2016): and (5) measuring by a gas chromatograph. a. Sample pretreatment: uniformly crushing the beef sample and then hydrolyzing; hydrolyzing the sample to obtain a fat extract; and (3) performing fat saponification and fatty acid methyl esterification to obtain a liquid to be tested. b. And (3) measuring: chromatographic operating conditions: the carrier gas is 99.9999% N2, the tail blowing flow is 30mL/min, the H 2 is mL/min, the air is 400mL/min, and the column flow is 1.0mL/min; the temperature raising program is adopted: heating rate of 150 ℃ is 10 ℃/min, heating rate of 180 ℃ is 1 ℃, heating rate of 230 ℃ is 4 ℃/min, and retention time is 10min; the split ratio is 100:1; sample injection volume 1.0uL; fatty acid content is expressed as a percentage of fatty acids to total fat.
3. Data analysis
The basic data are preliminarily arranged through Excel 2010, charts are made, SPSS 20.0 software is used for carrying out statistical analysis on the test data, single factor ANOVO model processing is adopted, duncan method is used for carrying out multiple comparison analysis on the data, average value + -standard deviation is used for representing measurement results, and P < 0.05 represents that significant difference exists in the data.
4. Test results
4.1 Effect of different enzymes added to straw roughage on growth Property of Simmental cattle
Table 13 group of different enzyme-added feed-roughage growth performance of Siemens cattle
As can be seen from table 1, after the coarse fodder pretreated with the mixed culture of methanobacteria and anaerobic fungi is fed to the siemens cattle, the average daily gain and average daily feed intake of the coarse fodder are significantly higher than those of the control group and the blank group (P > 0.05), the feed weight ratio of the blank group and the control group is not significantly different (P < 0.05), and the feed weight ratio of the experimental group is significantly lower than those of the control group and the blank group (P > 0.05).
4.2 Effect of different enzymes added to straw roughage on apparent digestibility of Simmental cattle nutrients
TABLE 2 apparent digestibility of nutrient substances added to straw roughage by different enzymes
As can be seen from table 2, the dry yellow corn stover added with xylanase had a dry matter apparent digestibility that was not significantly different from that of the blank (P < 0.05), whereas the dry matter apparent digestibility of the mixed culture with ruminal anaerobic fungus and methanogen added was significantly higher than that of the control and blank (P > 0.05). The apparent digestibility of neutral washed fiber and acid washed fiber of the experimental group and the control group are obviously different from that of the blank group (P > 0.05), wherein the apparent digestibility of NDF and ADF of the experimental group is obviously higher than that of the blank group and the control group (P > 0.05), and the apparent digestibility of NDF and ADF of the experimental group is highest (P > 0.05).
4.3 Influence of different enzymes added to straw coarse feed on blood biochemical index of Simmental cattle
TABLE 3 blood Biochemical index of straw coarse fodder added with different enzymes
As can be seen from table 3, ALT, AST and ALP of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group and the blank group (P > 0.05), TG of the control group and the blank group were not significantly different, dry yellow corn stalk of the experimental group TG to which xylanase was added was not significantly different from that of the blank group (P > 0.05), GLU of the experimental group was significantly higher than those of the control group (P > 0.05), and TP, ALB and GLB contents of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group and the blank group (P > 0.05).
4.4 Effects of different enzymes added to straw roughage on Simmental beef quality
As can be seen from table 4, the marbling score, meat yield, dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, crude ash of the test group were significantly higher than that of the blank and control groups (P > 0.05); no significant difference (P < 0.05) was observed between the pH control and blank groups, and the test group was significantly lower than the other two groups (P > 0.05); the shear force test group is significantly lower than the blank group and the control group (P > 0.05), the water-based power test group and the blank group have no significant difference (P < 0.05), and the shear force test group is higher than the control group (P > 0.05).
TABLE 4 influence of different enzymes added to straw roughage on physical Properties and nutrient substances of Simmental beef
4.5 Influence of different enzymes added to straw roughage on amino acid content of Simmental beef
As can be seen from Table 5, the total amino acid content of the yak meat in the test group was increased by 2.50% and the glycine, aspartic acid and phenylalanine content of the amino acid in the beef was increased, further improving the flavor and quality of the beef, compared with the blank group.
TABLE 5 influence of different enzyme additions to roughage on amino acid content in Siemens beef
4.6 Effect of different enzymes added to roughage on Simmental beef fatty acid content
As can be seen from Table 6, the total content of monounsaturated fatty acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid in the Siemens of the test group is improved by 7.01% compared with that of the blank group, so that the health care function of the beef is further improved, and the health care effect of the beef is enhanced.
TABLE 6 influence of different enzyme additions to roughage on fatty acid content in Siemens beef
In summary, the invention firstly provides a new application of the natural mixed culture YakQH5 of the anaerobic fungus (Neocallimastix frontalis) and the methanobacteria (Methanobrevibactergottschalkii) as a feed additive, wherein the fermentation liquor of the natural mixed culture YakQH of the anaerobic fungus (Neocallimastixfrontalis) and the methanobacteria (Methanobrevibactergottschalkii) for degrading corn stalks is added into the corn stalk crude feed and then fed to the Siementa cattle, so that the average daily gain and average daily feed intake of the Siementa cattle can be remarkably improved, and the neutral washing cellulose digestion rate of the corn stalk crude feed of the Siementa cattle is improved by 10.2 percent; the average daily gain is 695.0g; the average daily feed intake is increased by 2.83kg; the contents of Glucose (GLU), total Protein (TP), albumin (ALB) and Globulin (GLB) in blood are obviously higher than those in a control group and a blank group, so that the metabolic capacity of Siemens Niu Jiti is enhanced; the content of glycine, aspartic acid and phenylalanine in the Siemens beef and the content of total amino acid are improved by 2.50 percent, and the content of total unsaturated fatty acid of monounsaturated fatty acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid is improved by 7.01 percent, so that the quality of the Siemens beef is obviously improved. Our study demonstrated for the first time that: the natural mixed culture of the yak rumen anaerobic fungus and the methane bacteria can be applied to the straw coarse feed of the Siemens cattle and has unique advantages, and has wide application prospect.
Claims (1)
1. Use of a natural mixed culture YakQH of a yak rumen anaerobic fungus (Neocallimastix frontalis) and a methanogen (Methanobrevibacter gottschalkii) for improving the quality of sieboldii beef, wherein the natural mixed culture YakQH is preserved in the China general microbiological culture Collection center of the China general microbiological culture Collection center (CGMCC) with the preservation number of 19299, and the natural mixed culture YakQH5 is added into corn stalks for feeding the sieboldii beef, and the improvement of the quality of the sieboldii beef is to improve the content of total amino acids, glycine, aspartic acid and phenylalanine of the sieboldii beef and the total content of monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids.
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