CN115939461B - Method for judging water content rationality of fuel cell - Google Patents
Method for judging water content rationality of fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN115939461B CN115939461B CN202310088477.9A CN202310088477A CN115939461B CN 115939461 B CN115939461 B CN 115939461B CN 202310088477 A CN202310088477 A CN 202310088477A CN 115939461 B CN115939461 B CN 115939461B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 142
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 144
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for judging the rationality of the water content of a fuel cell, which comprises the following steps: measuring stack voltage U of fuel cell operating under normal rated condition 0 Then the temperature of the inlet and outlet of the cooling liquid is increased, whether the operation is stable or not is judged, and the voltage U of the electric pile at the moment is measured 1 Judging the water content of the galvanic pile; then the temperature of the inlet and outlet of the cooling liquid is reduced, whether the operation is stable is judged, and the voltage U of the electric pile is measured 2 Judging the water content of the galvanic pile; then the temperature gradient operation is increased at a lower temperature, whether the operation is stable or not is judged, and the pile voltage U at the moment is measured 3 Judging the water content of the cooling liquid inlet area; then the temperature gradient operation is increased at a higher temperature, whether the operation is stable or not is judged, and the pile voltage U at the moment is measured 4 And judging the water content of the cooling liquid outlet area. The method can judge whether the water content is reasonable or not only by adjusting the temperature of the inlet and the outlet of the cooling liquid, and is simple, convenient and high in accuracy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and relates to a method for judging the water content rationality of a fuel cell.
Background
The fuel cell is widely used due to the characteristics of high power density, light weight, abundant resources and the like. In the operation process of the fuel cell, water flooding faults can be generated when the water content in the cell is too high, and the mass transfer diffusion of gas is affected, so that the transmission of gas reactants to a reaction site is blocked, and the activation loss and concentration difference loss of the fuel cell are obviously increased; if the water content is insufficient, the membrane dry fault can be caused, the resistivity can be increased due to the membrane dry fault, so that the heat generation of the fuel cell in the operation process is increased, the energy conversion efficiency is further reduced, the membrane dry fault is more serious, even local hot spots are caused, permanent damage is generated, and the performance and the durability of the fuel cell can be influenced when serious.
Meanwhile, as the power specification of the fuel cell stack is further increased, the output current specification requirement is increased, the active area of a single cell is increased, the temperature difference and the water content difference in the active area are increased, and the conditions that the temperature and the water content in each part in the active area deviate from the optimal state exist, so that the temperature of different areas can be optimized according to the working condition difference, and the water content in the fuel cell needs to be controlled.
According to the fuel cell water content control method, the fuel cell system and the fuel cell vehicle disclosed in CN 114583220A, the minimum voltage of a single cell and the consistency of the voltage of the single cell are used as the basis, so as to determine whether the water content of the fuel cell is in a normal range, and under the condition that the water content is found to be too high or too low, the reaction temperature of the electric pile is controlled to be changed firstly, so that the water content of the fuel cell is attempted to be adjusted under the condition that energy is not wasted, under the condition that the reaction temperature of the electric pile is changed, the rotating speed of an air compressor and the hydrogen discharging frequency are changed again, so that the water discharging of the water content is accelerated/reduced, the response speed of a control instruction for changing the water content of the fuel cell is improved, the fuel cell electric pile works in a proper environment without adding a valve or a pipeline, but the method for judging the water content is complex, the judgment result is influenced by the difference of working conditions, and the rationality of the temperature of a region cannot be judged according to the water content.
Based on the above research, it is necessary to provide a method for judging the rationality of the water content of the fuel cell, which is simple and easy to implement, can accurately judge whether the water content is reasonable, and can reduce or promote the drainage of the electric pile according to the judgment result.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for judging the rationality of the water content of a fuel cell, which can judge whether the water content of a galvanic pile is reasonable or not only by adjusting the temperature of an inlet and an outlet of a cooling liquid, namely, the method is simple and convenient, has high accuracy and can optimize the temperature of different areas according to the difference of working conditions.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a method for judging the rationality of the water content of a fuel cell, which comprises the following steps:(1) The fuel cell operates under normal rated condition, and the stack voltage U is measured 0 ；
(2) Step (1) measuring the pile voltage U 0 Then, the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet and the temperature of the cooling liquid outlet are increased at the same time, and if the fuel cell cannot stably operate, the water content of the electric pile is too low;
if the fuel cell can stably operate, the stack voltage U at the moment is measured 1 If U 1 ≥U 0 If delta U is in the range, the water content of the electric pile is too high;
(3) Step (1) measuring the pile voltage U 0 Then, or after the step (2) is judged to be finished, simultaneously reducing the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet and the temperature of the cooling liquid outlet, and if the fuel cell cannot stably run, the water content of the electric pile is too high;
if the fuel cell can stably operate, the stack voltage U at the moment is measured 2 If U 2 ≥U 0 If delta U is in the range, the water content of the electric pile is too low;
(4) After the step (3) is finished, increasing the difference value between the temperature of the cooling liquid outlet and the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet, and if the fuel cell cannot stably run, the water content of the cooling liquid inlet area is too high;
if the fuel cell can stably operate, the stack voltage U at the moment is measured 3 If U 3 ≥U 0 If delta U is exceeded, the water content of the coolant inlet region is too low;
(5) After the judgment of the step (3) is completed, increasing the difference between the temperature of the cooling liquid outlet and the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet, or after the judgment of the step (4) is completed, increasing the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet and the temperature of the cooling liquid outlet, and simultaneously ensuring that the difference between the temperature of the cooling liquid outlet and the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet is not smaller than the difference in the step (4), and if the fuel cell cannot stably operate, the water content of the cooling liquid outlet area is too low;
if the fuel cell can stably operate, the stack voltage U at the moment is measured 4 If U 4 ≥U 0 If delta U is exceeded, the water content of the cooling liquid outlet area is too high;
the water content refers to the water content under the normal rated working condition, and the DeltaU is a performance deviation threshold value of the total output voltage of the electric pile, which needs to be responded and processed.
According to the invention, whether the water content of the electric pile is reasonable can be judged by adjusting the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet and the temperature of the cooling liquid outlet of the electric pile, wherein the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet and the temperature of the cooling liquid outlet are simultaneously raised when the electric pile is raised in temperature operation, whether the water content of the electric pile is too high or too low can be determined by judging the voltage value of the electric pile at the moment, the water drainage is required to be raised if the water content is too high, and the water drainage is required to be reduced if the water content is too low; meanwhile, as another parallel technical scheme of the invention, whether the water content of the electric pile is reasonable can be judged by reducing the temperature of the electric pile for operation; as a further parallel technical scheme of the invention, after the operation of raising the temperature of the electric pile in the step (2) is completed, the operation of lowering the temperature of the electric pile is carried out, and the rationality of the water content of the electric pile can be judged again, so that the invention can judge whether the water content of the electric pile is reasonable or not only by raising or lowering the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet or outlet at the same time.
The invention can judge whether the water content of the galvanic pile is reasonable or not, and can judge whether the water content of the area is reasonable or not by increasing the temperature gradient of the inlet and the outlet of the cooling liquid, thereby judging whether the temperature of the area is reasonable or not, and successfully decoupling the temperatures of the upstream area and the downstream area of the cooling liquid; in addition, after the judgment in the step (4), when the large temperature gradient is ensured between the cooling liquid inlet and the cooling liquid outlet, the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet and the cooling liquid outlet is raised, so that the water content of the cooling liquid outlet area can be judged, and whether the cooling liquid outlet temperature is reasonable or not is judged.
The sequence of the step (2) and the step (3) can be exchanged, and the sequence of the step (4) and the step (5) can be exchanged, but the step (4) and the step (5) are required to be ensured to be carried out after the step (2) and the step (3), otherwise, the accuracy of water content judgment can be influenced.
The water content is reasonable, and is too high or too low, which refers to the situation under the normal rated working condition, and not refers to the water content of the fuel cell at the moment.
Preferably, in the step (2), if U 1 ＜U 0 And if delta U is in the range, the water content of the pile is reasonable.
Preferably, in the step (3), if U 2 ＜U 0 And if delta U is in the range, the water content of the pile is reasonable.
Preferably, after the step (2) is completed, the subsequent steps of reducing the coolant inlet temperature and the coolant outlet temperature in the step (3) are performed.
Preferably, in the step (4), if U 3 ＜U 0 And if delta U is in the range, the water content of the pile is reasonable.
Preferably, in the step (5), if U 4 ＜U 0 And if delta U is in the range, the water content of the pile is reasonable.
Preferably, after the judgment in the step (4) is completed, the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet and the temperature of the cooling liquid outlet are raised, and the subsequent judgment is performed.
Preferably, after step (5) is completed, the fuel cell is returned to normal nominal operating mode.
Preferably, the coolant inlet region has a water content that is too low, and the coolant inlet temperature is too high;
preferably, the coolant inlet region has a moisture content that is too high, and the coolant inlet temperature is too low.
The invention carries out real-time adjustment according to the water content of the area, ensures the normal operation of the fuel cell, and if the water content of the cooling liquid inlet area is too low, the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet is too high, and the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet needs to be reduced. Since the local temperature of the active area of the fuel cell determines the saturated vapor pressure of the portion, it also determines key factors affecting the operation performance of the fuel cell, such as the drainage performance and the water content.
Preferably, the coolant outlet temperature is too low if the coolant outlet region has too high a water content.
Preferably, the coolant outlet region has a water content that is too low, and the coolant outlet temperature is too high.
According to the invention, after the judgment in the step (4), when the temperature gradient of the cooling liquid inlet and the cooling liquid outlet is ensured to be larger, the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet and the cooling liquid outlet is raised, so that the water content of the cooling liquid outlet area can be judged, and whether the cooling liquid outlet temperature is reasonable or not is judged, and if the water content of the cooling liquid outlet area is too high, the cooling liquid outlet temperature is too low, and the cooling liquid outlet temperature needs to be raised.
Preferably, the coolant inlet temperature is 60-80 ℃, for example 60 ℃, 65 ℃, 70 ℃, 75 ℃ or 80 ℃, but not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within the range of values are equally applicable.
Preferably, the coolant outlet temperature is 70-90 ℃, for example, 70 ℃, 75 ℃, 80 ℃, 85 ℃ or 90 ℃, but not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within the range of values are equally applicable.
In order to ensure the normal operation of the galvanic pile, and to obtain an accurate judgment result, it is preferable that the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet varies within 60-80 ℃, and the temperature of the cooling liquid outlet varies within 70-90 ℃.
The temperature change of the cooling liquid inlet and outlet is realized according to the change of the flow of the cooling liquid pump and the flow of the cooling fan.
Preferably, each Δu in step (2) -step (5) is not less than 2 mV/cell independently, and may be, for example, 2 mV/cell, 5 mV/cell, 10 mV/cell, 15 mV/cell, 20 mV/cell, 25 mV/cell, 30 mV/cell, or 35 mV/cell, but not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within the range of values are equally applicable, preferably 20 mV/cell.
Preferably, the time of the stable operation is 10s-30min, for example, 10s, 30s, 1min, 5min, 10min, 15min, 20min, 25min or 30min, but not limited to the recited values, other non-recited values in the range of values are equally applicable, preferably 30s-5min.
The steady operation time of the invention starts to count when the coolant inlet and outlet temperatures reach and are maintained at the set values.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the method comprises the steps of:
(1) The fuel cell operates under normal rated condition, and the stack voltage U is measured 0 ；
(2) Step (1) measuring the pile voltage U 0 Then, the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet and the temperature of the cooling liquid outlet are increased at the same time, and if the fuel cell cannot stably operate, the water content of the electric pile is too low;
if the fuel cell can stably run for 30s-5min, the stack voltage U is measured 1 If U 1 ＜U 0 If delta U is not shown, the water content of the pile is reasonable, if U 1 ≥U 0 If delta U is in the range, the water content of the electric pile is too high;
(3) After the step (2) is finished, the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet and the temperature of the cooling liquid outlet are reduced, and if the fuel cell cannot stably run, the water content of the electric pile is too high;
if the fuel cell can stably run for 30s-5min, the stack voltage U is measured 2 If U 2 ＜U 0 If delta U is not shown, the water content of the pile is reasonable, if U 2 ≥U 0 If delta U is in the range, the water content of the electric pile is too low;
(4) After the step (3) is finished, increasing the difference value between the temperature of the cooling liquid outlet and the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet, and if the fuel cell cannot stably run, the water content of the cooling liquid inlet area is too high, and the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet is too low;
if the fuel cell can stably run for 30s-5min, measuring the stack voltage U at the moment 3 If U 3 ＜U 0 If delta U is not shown, the water content of the pile is reasonable, if U 3 ≥U 0 If delta U is exceeded, the water content of the cooling liquid inlet area is too low, and the cooling liquid inlet temperature is too high;
(5) After the step (4) is finished, the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet and the temperature of the cooling liquid outlet are raised, meanwhile, the difference value between the temperature of the cooling liquid outlet and the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet is not smaller than the difference value in the step (4), if the fuel cell cannot stably run, the water content of the cooling liquid outlet area is too low, and the temperature of the cooling liquid outlet is too high;
if the fuel cell can stably run for 30s-5min, measuring the stack voltage U at the moment 4 If U 4 ＜U 0 If delta U is not shown, the water content of the pile is reasonable, if U 4 ≥U 0 If delta U is exceeded, the water content of the cooling liquid outlet area is too high, and the cooling liquid outlet temperature is too low;
(6) After the step (5) is judged to be completed, the fuel cell is restored to normal rated working condition operation;
the water content refers to the water content under the normal rated working condition, and the DeltaU is the error value of the pile voltage.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, whether the water content of the electric pile is reasonable can be judged by lifting the electric pile temperature and reducing the electric pile temperature, and then according to the electric pile operation condition and the voltage, so that the water discharge of the electric pile can be reduced or lifted according to the judgment result; meanwhile, the temperature gradient of the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the cooling liquid is changed, namely, the difference value between the outlet temperature and the inlet temperature is changed, so that the judgment result of the water content of the area is obtained, whether the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the cooling liquid are reasonable or not can be particularly judged, the temperature decoupling of the upstream area and the downstream area of the cooling liquid is realized, and the water content of each area can be analyzed according to the performance change.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described by the following specific embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the examples are merely to aid in understanding the invention and are not to be construed as a specific limitation thereof.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for judging the water content rationality of a fuel cell, a flow chart of the method is shown in fig. 1, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) The fuel cell is operated under normal rated conditions, wherein the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet is 70 ℃ and the temperature of the cooling liquid outlet is 80 ℃, and the voltage U of the electric pile is measured 0 ；
(2) Step (1) measuring the pile voltage U 0 Then, the temperature of the electric pile is raised to operate, the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet is raised to 80 ℃, the temperature of the cooling liquid outlet is raised to 90 ℃, if the fuel cell cannot stably operate, the water content of the electric pile is too low, and the electric pile needs to be cooledThe water displacement is reduced;
if the fuel cell can stably run for 5min, the stack voltage U is measured 1 If U 1 ＜U 0 If delta U is not shown, the water content of the electric pile is reasonable, the electric pile operates under normal rated working conditions, if U is not shown 1 ≥U 0 If delta U is exceeded, the water content of the pile is too high, and the water displacement is required to be improved;
(3) After the step (2) is judged to be finished, the temperature of the electric pile is reduced, the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet is reduced to 60 ℃, the temperature of the cooling liquid outlet is reduced to 70 ℃, if the fuel cell cannot stably run, the water content of the electric pile is too high, and the water discharge is required to be increased;
if the fuel cell can stably run for 5min, the stack voltage U is measured 2 If U 2 ＜U 0 If delta U is not shown, the water content of the electric pile is reasonable, the electric pile operates under normal rated working conditions, if U is not shown 2 ≥U 0 If delta U is exceeded, the water content of the pile is too low, and the water displacement needs to be reduced;
(4) After the step (3) is finished, increasing the temperature gradient to operate, and increasing the temperature of the cooling liquid outlet to 80 ℃, wherein the temperature of the low cooling liquid inlet is 60 ℃, the temperature of the cooling liquid outlet is 80 ℃, if the fuel cell cannot stably operate, the water content of the cooling liquid inlet area is too high, the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet is too low, and the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet needs to be increased;
if the fuel cell can stably run for 5min, measuring the stack voltage U at the moment 3 If U 3 ＜U 0 If delta U is not shown, the water content of the electric pile is reasonable, the electric pile operates under normal rated working conditions, if U is not shown 3 ≥U 0 If delta U is exceeded, the water content of the cooling liquid inlet area is too low, the cooling liquid inlet temperature is too high, and the cooling liquid inlet temperature needs to be reduced;
(5) After the step (4) is finished, raising the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet to 70 ℃ and the temperature of the cooling liquid outlet to 90 ℃, if the fuel cell cannot stably run, the water content of the cooling liquid outlet area is too low, the temperature of the cooling liquid outlet is too high, and the temperature of the cooling liquid outlet needs to be reduced;
if the fuel cell can stably run for 5min, measuring the stack voltage U at the moment 4 If U 4 ＜U 0 If delta U is in the range of plus or minus, the water content of the pile is reasonable and normal ratedOperating under working conditions, if U 4 ≥U 0 If delta U is exceeded, the water content of the cooling liquid outlet area is too high, the cooling liquid outlet temperature is too low, and the cooling liquid outlet temperature needs to be increased;
(6) After the step (5) is judged to be completed, the fuel cell is restored to normal rated working condition operation, at the moment, the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet is 70 ℃, and the temperature of the cooling liquid outlet is 80 ℃;
wherein the water content refers to the water content under normal rated working conditions, and the DeltaU is 20 mV/single cell.
As can be seen from example 1, step (2) and step (3) can determine that the water content of the stack is too high or too low, and the water discharge can be adaptively increased or decreased according to the determination result, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the fuel cell; and (4) and (5) increasing the temperature gradient and ensuring that the temperature gradient is higher, so that whether the water content in the area near the cooling liquid inlet and the area near the cooling liquid outlet is too high or too low can be judged, the temperature at the cooling liquid inlet and the cooling liquid outlet can be adjusted according to the judging result, and the temperature decoupling of the cooling liquid upstream area and the cooling liquid downstream area is realized.
Meanwhile, the judging method only involves changing the temperature at the cooling inlet and outlet and measuring the voltage of the electric pile, and is short in time consumption and simple and convenient to operate.
Example 2
This example provides a method for determining the rationality of the water content of a fuel cell, which is the same as example 1, except that the coolant inlet temperature is increased to 85 ℃ and the coolant outlet temperature is increased to 95 ℃ in step (2).
Example 3
This example provides a method for determining the rationality of the water content of a fuel cell, which is the same as example 1, except that the coolant inlet temperature in step (4) is 50 ℃.
It is understood from examples 1 to 3 that the coolant inlet temperature is preferably varied within 60 to 80 c and the coolant outlet temperature is preferably varied within 70 to 90 c, so that the accuracy of judgment can be further improved while the operation of the fuel cell can be ensured.
In summary, the present invention provides a method for determining the rationality of the water content of the fuel cell, where the method can determine whether the water content of the stack is reasonable only by adjusting the temperature of the coolant inlet and the coolant outlet, and can determine the rationality of the water content of the internal area, so as to determine the rationality of the coolant inlet temperature and the coolant outlet temperature, which is simple, convenient, high in accuracy, easy to implement, and capable of optimizing according to the working condition difference.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that any changes or substitutions that fall within the technical scope of the present invention disclosed herein are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of determining the water content rationality of a fuel cell, said method comprising the steps of:
(1) The fuel cell operates under normal rated condition, and the stack voltage U is measured 0 ；
(2) Step (1) measuring the pile voltage U 0 Then, the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet and the temperature of the cooling liquid outlet are increased at the same time, and if the fuel cell cannot stably operate, the water content of the electric pile is too low;
if the fuel cell can stably operate, the stack voltage U at the moment is measured 1 If U 1 ＜U 0 If delta U is not shown, the water content of the electric pile is reasonable, the electric pile operates under normal rated working conditions, if U is not shown 1 ≥U 0 If delta U is in the range, the water content of the electric pile is too high;
(3) Step (1) measuring the pile voltage U 0 Then, or after the step (2) is judged to be finished, simultaneously reducing the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet and the temperature of the cooling liquid outlet, and if the fuel cell cannot stably run, the water content of the electric pile is too high;
if the fuel cell can stably operate, the stack voltage U at the moment is measured 2 If U 2 ≥U 0 If delta U is in the range, the water content of the electric pile is too low;
(4) After the step (3) is finished, increasing the difference value between the temperature of the cooling liquid outlet and the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet, and if the fuel cell cannot stably run, the water content of the cooling liquid inlet area is too high;
if the fuel cell can stably operate, the stack voltage U at the moment is measured 3 If U 3 ≥U 0 If delta U is exceeded, the water content of the coolant inlet region is too low;
(5) After the step (3) is finished, increasing the difference value between the cooling liquid outlet temperature and the cooling liquid inlet temperature, and simultaneously ensuring that the difference value between the cooling liquid outlet temperature and the cooling liquid inlet temperature is not smaller than the difference value in the step (4), or after the step (4) is finished, increasing the cooling liquid inlet temperature and the cooling liquid outlet temperature, and simultaneously ensuring that the difference value between the cooling liquid outlet temperature and the cooling liquid inlet temperature is not smaller than the difference value in the step (4), and if the fuel cell cannot stably operate, the water content of a cooling liquid outlet area is too low;
if the fuel cell can stably operate, the stack voltage U at the moment is measured 4 If U 4 ≥U 0 If delta U is exceeded, the water content of the cooling liquid outlet area is too high;
the water content refers to the water content under the normal rated working condition, and the DeltaU is a performance deviation threshold value of the total output voltage of the electric pile, which needs to be responded and processed.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (2), if U 1 ＜U 0 If delta U is in the range, the water content of the galvanic pile is reasonable;
in the step (3), if U 2 ＜U 0 If delta U is in the range, the water content of the galvanic pile is reasonable;
and (3) after the step (2) is judged to be finished, carrying out the subsequent steps of reducing the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet and the temperature of the cooling liquid outlet in the step (3).
3. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (4), if U 3 ＜U 0 If delta U is in the range, the water content of the galvanic pile is reasonable;
in the step (5), if U 4 ＜U 0 If delta U is in the range, the water content of the galvanic pile is reasonable;
and (3) after the judgment in the step (4) is completed, raising the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet and the temperature of the cooling liquid outlet, and carrying out subsequent judgment.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein after step (5) is completed, the fuel cell is returned to normal nominal operating conditions.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the coolant inlet zone has a moisture content that is too low and the coolant inlet temperature is too high;
the coolant inlet temperature is too low if the coolant inlet region has too high a moisture content.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the coolant outlet temperature is too low if the coolant outlet zone moisture content is too high.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the coolant outlet zone has a water content that is too low and the coolant outlet temperature is too high.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the coolant inlet temperature is 60-80 ℃;
the temperature of the cooling liquid outlet is 70-90 ℃;
and (3) step (2) to step (5) wherein DeltaU is not less than 2 mV/single cell independently.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the steady operation time is 10s to 30min.
10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the steps of:
(1) Fuel electricityThe cell operates under normal rated working condition, and the pile voltage U is measured 0 ；
(2) Step (1) measuring the pile voltage U 0 Then, the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet and the temperature of the cooling liquid outlet are increased at the same time, and if the fuel cell cannot stably operate, the water content of the electric pile is too low;
if the fuel cell can stably run for 30s-5min, the stack voltage U is measured 1 If U 1 ＜U 0 If delta U is not shown, the water content of the pile is reasonable, if U 1 ≥U 0 If delta U is in the range, the water content of the electric pile is too high;
(3) After the step (2) is finished, the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet and the temperature of the cooling liquid outlet are reduced, and if the fuel cell cannot stably run, the water content of the electric pile is too high;
if the fuel cell can stably run for 30s-5min, the stack voltage U is measured 2 If U 2 ＜U 0 If delta U is not shown, the water content of the pile is reasonable, if U 2 ≥U 0 If delta U is in the range, the water content of the electric pile is too low;
(4) After the step (3) is finished, increasing the difference value between the temperature of the cooling liquid outlet and the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet, and if the fuel cell cannot stably run, the water content of the cooling liquid inlet area is too high, and the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet is too low;
if the fuel cell can stably run for 30s-5min, measuring the stack voltage U at the moment 3 If U 3 ＜U 0 If delta U is not shown, the water content of the pile is reasonable, if U 3 ≥U 0 If delta U is exceeded, the water content of the cooling liquid inlet area is too low, and the cooling liquid inlet temperature is too high;
(5) After the step (4) is finished, the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet and the temperature of the cooling liquid outlet are raised, meanwhile, the difference value between the temperature of the cooling liquid outlet and the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet is not smaller than the difference value in the step (4), if the fuel cell cannot stably run, the water content of the cooling liquid outlet area is too low, and the temperature of the cooling liquid outlet is too high;
if the fuel cell can stably run for 30s-5min, measuring the stack voltage U at the moment 4 If U 4 ＜U 0 If delta U is in the range of +, the water content of the pile is reasonableIf U 4 ≥U 0 If delta U is exceeded, the water content of the cooling liquid outlet area is too high, and the cooling liquid outlet temperature is too low;
(6) After the step (5) is judged to be completed, the fuel cell is restored to normal rated working condition operation;
the water content refers to the water content under the normal rated working condition, and the DeltaU is a performance deviation threshold value of the total output voltage of the electric pile, which needs to be responded and processed.
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| JP2004349067A (en) * | 2003-05-21 | 2004-12-09 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Fuel cell system |
| JP2008269910A (en) * | 2007-04-19 | 2008-11-06 | Toyota Motor Corp | Fuel cell system, and method for exhausting impurity in fuel cell system |
| CN108232244A (en) * | 2016-12-10 | 2018-06-29 | 现代自动车株式会社 | For controlling the system and method for fuel-cell vehicle |
| CN111162297A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-15 | 清华大学 | Proton exchange membrane fuel cell single sheet and method for selecting and quantifying cell stack working condition |
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| JP2004349067A (en) * | 2003-05-21 | 2004-12-09 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Fuel cell system |
| JP2008269910A (en) * | 2007-04-19 | 2008-11-06 | Toyota Motor Corp | Fuel cell system, and method for exhausting impurity in fuel cell system |
| CN108232244A (en) * | 2016-12-10 | 2018-06-29 | 现代自动车株式会社 | For controlling the system and method for fuel-cell vehicle |
| CN111162297A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-15 | 清华大学 | Proton exchange membrane fuel cell single sheet and method for selecting and quantifying cell stack working condition |
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