CN115929242A

CN115929242A - Horizontal well bidirectional shaping tool and use method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN115929242A
Application number: CN202211444089.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘晓; 崔彬; 杨松; 张文洪; 邵小平; 陈忠辉; 李沛霖; 孟凡生; 张占龙
Original assignee: Sinopec Linfen Coalbed Gas Branch Co; China Petroleum and Chemical Corp; Sinopec East China Oil and Gas Co
Current assignee: Sinopec Linfen Coalbed Gas Branch Co; China Petroleum and Chemical Corp; Sinopec East China Oil and Gas Co
Priority date: 2022-11-18
Filing date: 2022-11-18
Publication date: 2023-04-07

Abstract

The invention discloses a bidirectional shaping tool for a horizontal well and a using method thereof, wherein the bidirectional shaping tool comprises a hydraulic propelling mechanism and a shaping expansion head; the lower end of the hydraulic propelling mechanism is connected with a shaping expansion head through a push rod; the system also comprises a process self-testing mechanism; the hydraulic propelling mechanism comprises a first-stage piston mechanism, a middle piston mechanism and a last-stage piston mechanism which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the process self-testing mechanism is arranged at the lower part of the first-stage piston mechanism; the process self-testing mechanism is a touch switch. The shaping tonnage is increased through the combination of the multistage pistons, so that the shaping success rate is improved; the problems of casing damage due to blind pressurization, long construction period and waste of manpower and material resources are avoided by arranging the process self-testing mechanism; the shaping efficiency is improved by the reverse reinforcement shaping mechanism, and major repair accidents caused by the blocking of shaping expansion heads under complex well conditions are avoided.

Description

Horizontal well bidirectional shaping tool and use method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas field production, in particular to a casing deformed well repairing process, and particularly relates to a horizontal well bidirectional shaping tool and a using method thereof.

Background

In the process of oil field exploitation, the underground casing pipe deforms more and more under the influence of factors such as ground stress, casing pipe quality, development modes and service life. The deformation of the casing pipe influences the implementation of subsequent measures, and the conventional method for solving the problems comprises mechanical impact type repairing, drilling and milling repairing, hydraulic reshaping repairing and the like, wherein the mechanical impact type construction period is long, the success rate is low, the drilling and milling repairing is carried out on the damaged casing pipe, the hydraulic reshaping repairing period is short, and the success rate is high. The problems that the reshaping tool is blocked by the reshaping section re-deformation in the reshaping process of the directional well and the horizontal well and the success rate of fishing by a wellhead lifting and releasing mode is low under the influence of a well trajectory in the hydraulic reshaping at present are found; secondly, in the hydraulic shaping process, the shaping footage has no detection means, the shaping pressure is increased blindly, the service life of the casing is shortened, the wellhead is frequently disassembled and assembled, the labor intensity is increased, the shaping period is long, and the like.

Publication (bulletin) no: CN112377135A, publication (public) date: 2021-2-19 discloses an oil well casing hydraulic reducing ball shaper, which comprises a hydraulic anchoring device, a hydraulic power device and a shaping head device, wherein the lower end of the hydraulic anchoring device is in threaded connection with the upper end of the hydraulic power device, and the lower end of the hydraulic power device is in threaded connection with the upper end of the shaping head device. When the hydraulic anchoring device anchors the shaper, the upper slip group and the lower slip group with the tooth shapes are simultaneously expanded radially outwards to realize double anchoring, and the anchoring performance is good; the hydraulic power device is formed by connecting five-stage hydraulic cylinders in series and can provide enough driving force for the piston rod; when the shaping head device is used for shaping, hydraulic oil is injected into a main feeding oil way of the piston rod, the piston rod moves downwards and drives the conical main core to slide downwards relative to the conical outer sleeve to enable the ball to protrude out of the conical outer sleeve, the diameter-reducing or deformation part of the sleeve is rolled to complete shaping operation, point contact shaping is adopted to compare with traditional surface contact shaping, the shaping effect is better, and the sleeve is not easily damaged.

Publication (bulletin) No.: CN111622702A, publication (public) day: 2020-09-4 discloses a hydraulic reciprocating rotary ball double-acting casing shaper, which respectively comprises an anchoring device, a hydraulic reciprocating system and a shaper which are connected in sequence; the anchoring device comprises an anchoring wedge-shaped body, an anchoring central pipe is arranged in the anchoring wedge-shaped body, the anchoring central pipe is connected with a hydraulic pipe IV connected to the ground, and the anchoring central pipe is used for pushing the anchoring wedge-shaped body to move forwards; the hydraulic reciprocating system comprises a first hydraulic pipeline, a second hydraulic pipeline and a third hydraulic pipeline, wherein the upper end of the first hydraulic pipeline is connected with a first hydraulic pipe connected to the ground, the lower part of the first hydraulic pipeline is connected with an oil outlet, the upper end of the second hydraulic pipeline is connected with a second hydraulic pipe connected to the ground, the lower end of the second hydraulic pipeline is communicated with a limiting sleeve through a cross-shaped fixed joint, the third hydraulic pipe connected to the ground at the upper end of the third hydraulic pipeline is communicated with one end of an upper joint of a hydraulic cylinder; the device is used for realizing the shaping and repairing functions of the casing, and has the advantages that different positions of the casing can be repeatedly repaired once the casing is put into a well, the power is sufficient, the large deformation casing can be repaired, and the production cost is low.

Publication (bulletin) No.: CN207332798U, publication (announcement) day: 2018-05-08 discloses a sleeve shaping and lifting type pressure relief and drainage device, which comprises a pressure relief and drainage liquid cylinder and a balance liquid cylinder which are connected from top to bottom, wherein the pressure relief and drainage liquid cylinder comprises a central shaft, a sliding connecting sleeve and a sliding connecting shaft, the sliding connecting shaft is assembled inside the sliding connecting sleeve, the upper end of the central shaft is connected with the lower half section of the sliding connecting shaft, a pressure relief and drainage pressure cavity is formed between the inner wall of the sliding connecting sleeve and the outer wall of the central shaft, a pressure relief and drainage cavity is formed between the outer wall of the upper half section of the sliding connecting shaft and the inner wall of the sliding connecting sleeve, the sliding connecting sleeve is provided with a radial pressure relief and drainage port for communicating the pressure relief and drainage cavity, the pressure relief and drainage port is opened and sealed by the outer wall of the lower half section of the sliding connecting shaft, the central shaft is provided with a radial central shaft liquid inlet, and the central shaft inner cavity is communicated with the pressure relief and drainage pressure cavity. The problem of in the casing plastic construction process, the well hydraulic anchor that the liquid level is low in the pit shaft is difficult for the pressure release earial drainage to remove the anchoring is solved.

Publication (bulletin) no: CN113622854A, published (bulletin) day: 2021-11-09 discloses a one-way hydraulic automatic reciprocating shaper for oil well casings. Relates to the technical field of oil field drilling tools. The hydraulic oil pipe anchor is arranged on the upper portion of the body, the upper connector is arranged on the top of the body, the lower portion of a center hole in the lower portion of the upper connector is a reversing cavity, a sliding reversing valve is arranged in the reversing cavity, a valve core is arranged on the lower portion of the sliding reversing valve, the lower portion of the valve core is connected with a piston A, and the lower portion of the piston A is fixedly connected with the shaping pushing head. Has the following beneficial effects: the piston and the shaping pushing head reciprocate by arranging the sliding reversing valve, the shaping pushing head propulsion action and the anchoring action are carried out simultaneously, the anchoring is released when the piston retracts, the shaper is anchored and propelled in the casing by itself, the anchoring is released, the shaper repeatedly moves forwards until the casing is shaped, the well dredging efficiency is high, the effect is good, a plurality of auxiliary pistons are arranged in series, the action area of pressure liquid is increased, the thrust of the shaping pushing head is increased, and the shaping thrust of various deformed casings is met.

The sleeve shaping tools all have no progress detection mechanism, so that the shaping footage cannot be judged; the patent 'a hydraulic reciprocating type rotating ball double-acting casing shaper' and 'one-way hydraulic automatic reciprocating oil well casing shaper' belongs to two-way shaping, but has the problem that when a shaping expansion head is clamped at a sleeve deformation section, the reverse force of the shaping expansion head is not enough to pull out the shaping expansion head. In order to improve the shaping success rate, reduce the construction cost and reduce or avoid shaping accidents, a shaping device which can measure the progress and carry out bidirectional shaping on the sleeve-variable section to prevent the shaping expansion head from being blocked is necessary to be designed.

The technical solutions of the above-disclosed technologies, the technical problems to be solved, and the advantageous effects thereof are all different from those of the present invention, and no technical inspiration exists in the above-disclosed technical documents for further technical features, technical problems to be solved, and advantageous effects thereof.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a horizontal well bidirectional shaping tool and a using method thereof, wherein the shaping tonnage is increased through the combination of multi-stage pistons, so that the shaping success rate is improved; the problems that the sleeve is damaged by blind pressurization, the construction period is long, and manpower and material resources are wasted are solved by arranging the process self-testing mechanism; the shaping efficiency is improved by the reverse reinforcement shaping mechanism, and major repair accidents caused by the blocking of shaping expansion heads under complex well conditions are avoided.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a bidirectional shaping tool for a horizontal well comprises a hydraulic propelling mechanism and a shaping expansion head; the lower end of the hydraulic propelling mechanism is connected with a shaping expansion head through a push rod;

the system also comprises a progress self-testing mechanism;

the hydraulic propelling mechanism comprises a first-stage piston mechanism, a middle piston mechanism and a last-stage piston mechanism which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; at least one intermediate piston mechanism is arranged;

the process self-testing mechanism is arranged at the lower part of the first-stage piston mechanism; the process self-testing mechanism is a touch switch, namely the first-stage piston mechanism descends to a dead point and touches the process self-testing mechanism to open a pressure relief channel to relieve pressure outwards, the interior of the hydraulic propelling mechanism is pressed to lose pressure instantly, a ground surface obtains a pressure loss signal, pressing is stopped, and the forward shaping process is finished.

The device also comprises a reverse reinforcement shaping mechanism;

the reverse reinforcement shaping mechanism is connected to the lower part of the last stage of piston mechanism.

The first-stage piston mechanism comprises a first-stage piston, a first-stage piston sleeve and a piston return spring;

the first-stage piston sleeve is sleeved outside the first-stage piston, a first-stage internal pressurizing channel is arranged inside the first-stage piston, a first-stage piston cavity is formed outside the first-stage piston, and the piston return spring is arranged in the first-stage piston cavity;

the upper end surface of the first-stage piston is a pressing surface and is communicated with the first-stage inner pressing channel.

The middle piston mechanism comprises a middle piston sleeve and a middle piston;

the middle piston sleeve is sleeved outside the middle piston, a middle inner pressurizing channel is arranged inside the middle piston, and a middle piston cavity is formed outside the middle piston;

the upper end surface of the middle piston is a pressing surface and is communicated with the middle inner pressing channel, and the middle inner pressing channel is communicated with the first-stage inner pressing channel; and a lateral hole of the middle piston sleeve is formed in the lower part of the middle piston sleeve, so that the oil sleeve annulus is communicated with the middle piston cavity.

The process self-testing mechanism comprises a pressure relief rod, a pressure relief spring and a pressure relief body;

the upper end of the pressure relief body is connected with the first-stage piston sleeve, the lower end of the pressure relief body is connected with the middle piston sleeve, and the inner wall of the pressure relief body is in sliding seal with the outer wall of the first-stage piston;

the pressure relief body is provided with a pressure relief body channel and a pressure relief hole which are communicated in a longitudinal and transverse mode; the pressure relief body is also provided with a pressure relief spring cavity and a pressure relief body cavity, the upper end of the pressure relief body channel is communicated with the pressure relief spring cavity, the lower end of the pressure relief body channel is communicated with the pressure relief body cavity, and the lower part of the pressure relief body cavity is communicated with the upper end face of the middle piston;

the middle section of the pressure relief rod is a rod column body and penetrates through a channel in the pressure relief body, the diameter of the rod column body is smaller than the inner diameter of the channel in the pressure relief body, a rod touch head is arranged at the upper end of the rod column body, a plugging head is arranged at the lower end of the rod column body, and a sealing ring is arranged on the outer wall of the plugging head and is in sliding seal with the channel in the pressure relief body;

the upper end of the pressure relief spring abuts against the lower end face of the rod touch head, and the lower end of the pressure relief spring abuts against the bottom face of the pressure relief spring cavity.

Big footpath step, little through the step have been seted up to first order piston outer wall upper end, first order piston bush inner wall spring sill, big footpath step is withstood to piston reset spring upper end, and the spring sill is withstood to the lower extreme, it is corresponding with the pole touching head of the pressure release pole of below through the step for a short time.

The last stage piston mechanism comprises a last stage piston sleeve and a last stage piston;

the last-stage piston sleeve is sleeved outside the last-stage piston, a last-stage internal pressurizing channel is arranged inside the last-stage piston, and a last-stage piston cavity is formed outside the last-stage piston;

the upper end surface of the last-stage piston is a pressing surface and is communicated with the last-stage inner pressing channel, and the last-stage inner pressing channel is communicated with the middle inner pressing channel; the lower part of the last-stage piston sleeve is provided with a last-stage piston sleeve lateral hole, so that the oil sleeve annulus is communicated with the last-stage piston cavity;

the upper end of the last stage piston is fixedly connected with the middle piston, the lower end of the last stage piston is connected with the push rod, and the upper end of the last stage piston sleeve is fixedly connected with the middle piston sleeve.

The reverse reinforcement shaping mechanism comprises a leather cup protective cover, a sliding sleeve, a leather cup type sealing mechanism and a compression type rubber cylinder;

the sliding sleeve is sleeved outside the last-stage piston, and the inner wall of the sliding sleeve and the outer wall of the last-stage piston are in sliding seal; the outer wall of the sliding sleeve is sleeved with a leather cup type sealing mechanism and a compression type rubber cylinder, the upper end of the compression type rubber cylinder is contacted with the bottom end of the leather cup type sealing mechanism, and the lower end of the compression type rubber cylinder is limited on a limiting table at the bottom of the sliding sleeve, namely a rubber cylinder bracket;

the upper end of the leather cup protective cover is fixedly connected with the last-stage piston sleeve, and the leather cup protective cover can cover the upper end part of the leather cup type sealing mechanism to enable the leather cup to be in a contraction state; the leather cup protective cover is fixedly connected with the sliding sleeve through a sliding sleeve pin.

Last one-level piston sleeve inner wall is provided with respectively with sliding sleeve outer wall upper end and can prevents the descending matched with of sliding sleeve spacing convex body.

a using method of a horizontal well bidirectional shaping tool comprises the following steps:

1) And (3) forward shaping the sleeve:

the horizontal well bidirectional shaping tool is arranged at the lowest end of a lower well pipe column, the ground on the well is pressed into the pipe column, then hydraulic pressure is added into the shaping device, the hydraulic pressure acts on the upper end faces of the pistons at all stages, and the piston cavities are communicated with the oil sleeve annulus through lateral holes, so that differential pressure is formed between the upper end faces of the pistons and the piston cavities, when the differential pressure is larger than the friction force between the shaping expansion head and the sleeve, the pistons at all stages are pushed to move downwards, the push rod is pushed to move the shaping expansion head downwards, and the diameter-expanding repair of the sleeve is completed;

2) And (3) process self-testing:

in the process of pushing the shaping expansion head to descend by positive pressure, when the small step lower end surface at the upper end of the outer wall of the first-stage piston is in contact with the pressure relief rod, the pressure relief rod is compressed to descend and enters the pressure relief body cavity together with the blocking head at the sealing section of the inner channel of the pressure relief body, the pressure-relief liquid in the tool is released to the oil sleeve annulus through the upper end surface of the uppermost intermediate piston, the pressure relief body cavity, the inner channel of the pressure relief body and the pressure relief hole, and the pressure of a well head is suddenly reduced to indicate that the first-stage piston reaches the lowermost end; at the moment, the ground wellhead stops pressurizing, the first-stage piston moves upwards to be separated from the pressure relief rod under the action of the piston return spring, and the pressure relief rod moves upwards to seal the pressure relief channel of the pressure relief body under the action of the pressure relief spring; finishing the forward shaping stroke of the sleeve;

3) And (3) reverse reinforcement shaping of the sleeve:

when the sleeve is shaped in the forward direction, when the lower end face of the large-diameter part of the outer wall of the last-stage piston descends to the upper end face of the sliding sleeve, the sliding sleeve is extruded to cut off a sliding sleeve pin, the last-stage piston pushes the sliding sleeve to descend until a sliding sleeve outer convex body is contacted with a last-stage piston sleeve inner convex body, the leather cup type sealing mechanism is separated from the leather cup protecting cover to be expanded elastically, and an oil sleeve annulus is sealed; hydraulic pressure is added from the oil sleeve ring in an idle mode, the leather cup type sealing mechanism seals the oil sleeve ring space at the moment, so that the leather cup type sealing mechanism pushes the compression type rubber cylinder to move downwards along with the increase of the hydraulic pressure, and the compression type rubber cylinder is compressed to open the sealing oil sleeve ring space due to the fact that a rubber cylinder support is arranged at the bottom of the compression type rubber cylinder; the liquid injected into the oil sleeve annulus enters the piston cavity from the lateral holes of each piston sleeve on the upper part of the leather cup type sealing mechanism to push each stage of piston to move upwards, so that the shaping expansion head moves upwards to shape the sleeve, and the reverse expanding reinforcement shaping of the sleeve variable section is realized.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the technical characteristics are as follows: according to the invention, the shaping force is greatly increased by adopting the multi-stage pistons connected in series, so that the problem of low shaping success rate of serious casing deformation sections is solved, the direct and reverse bidirectional shaping of the casing can be realized by the immobile wellhead construction equipment, and the casing shaping efficiency is greatly improved; the reverse reinforcement shaping mechanism is arranged, so that the major repair accident caused by incapability of releasing the clamp through ground equipment after the shaping expansion head is clamped in the forward shaping of the directional well and the horizontal well is solved; set up the process and construct from survey mechanism, solved among the plastic process because of can't detect the plastic footage and repeated dismouting well head equipment and caused the construction cycle length problem to and the consequence that blind pressure boost aggravated the casing damage. The conical shaping expansion head with the minimum advancing resistance and the gradient of 9 degrees is adopted, the shaping construction pressure is reduced, and the risks of damaging the sleeve pipe and causing the human body and equipment in high-pressure construction are avoided.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a horizontal well bidirectional reshaping tool of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a process self-test mechanism.

In the figure, the upper joint 1, the first stage piston 2, the first stage piston sleeve 3, the first stage piston cavity 4, the piston return spring 5, the pressure relief spring 6, the pressure relief rod 7, the pressure relief hole 8, the pressure relief internal channel 9, the pressure relief body 10, the pressure relief body cavity 11, the middle piston sealing rubber ring 12, the middle piston sleeve 13, the middle piston 14, the middle piston cavity 15, the middle piston sleeve lateral hole 16, the last stage piston sealing rubber ring 17, the last stage piston sleeve 18, the last stage piston cavity 19, the last stage piston 20, the sliding sleeve outward bulge 21, the last stage piston sleeve inward bulge 22, the last stage piston sleeve lateral hole 23, the leather cup protecting cover 24, the piston sleeve stabilizing nail 25, the sliding sleeve pin 26, the leather cup 27, the leather cup support 28, the compression type rubber sleeve 29, the steel spacer ring 30, the sliding sleeve 31, the rubber cup support 32, the push rod 33 and the shaping expansion head 34.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1:

according to the embodiment shown in fig. 1 to fig. 2, the two-way horizontal well reshaping tool provided by the invention comprises a hydraulic propelling mechanism, a process self-measuring mechanism, a reverse force-increasing reshaping mechanism, a reshaping expansion head and the like; the uppermost end of the device is an upper connector 1, and the upper connector 1 is connected with a first-stage piston sleeve 3; the hydraulic propulsion mechanism consists of a multi-stage piston and a piston sleeve, the multi-stage piston consists of a first-stage piston 2, a middle piston and a last-stage piston 20, and the middle piston is a first-stage piston to a fifth-stage piston with the same structure; the lower end of the first-stage piston sleeve 3 is connected with the pressure relief body 10, and the upper end of the middle piston sleeve 13 (second-stage piston sleeve) is connected with the pressure relief body 10; and the middle piston sleeves at all stages are connected by screw threads. The process self-testing mechanism is arranged at the lower end in the first-stage piston cavity and comprises a pressure relief rod 7, a pressure relief spring 6, a pressure relief hole 8, a pressure relief body 10 and the like; the reverse reinforcement shaping mechanism comprises a leather cup protective cover 24, a sliding sleeve 31, a leather cup 27, a leather cup support 28, a compression type rubber cylinder 29, a rubber cylinder support 32 and the like; the last-stage piston sleeve 18 is connected with a leather cup protective cover 24; the sliding sleeve 31 is arranged outside the last stage piston 20 and in the last stage piston sleeve 18, the sliding sleeve 31 can move up and down relative to the last stage piston 20, sliding seal is formed between the sliding sleeve 31 and the last stage piston 20, the leather cup type sealing mechanism and the compression rubber cylinder 29 are arranged on the sliding sleeve, and the rubber cylinder support 32 is arranged on the sliding sleeve; the last stage piston 20 is connected with the plastic expansion head 34 through a push rod 33.

Furthermore, a sealing rubber ring is arranged in the upper joint 1, and the upper joint 1 is connected with the first-stage piston sleeve 3 through screw threads;

further, the first-stage piston 2, the middle piston 14 and the last-stage piston 20 are different in structure; each stage of piston is a hollow cylinder with different diameters, the outer diameter of the upper half part of the hollow cylinder is large, the outer diameter of the lower half part of the hollow cylinder is small, and the lower half part of each piston and the corresponding piston sleeve form a piston cavity;

further, the first-stage piston 2 is structurally a cylinder with three stages of different diameters, the middle piston 14 and the last-stage piston 20 are cylinders with two stages of different diameters, and a piston return spring 5 is arranged in a first-stage piston cavity 4; except the first-stage piston sleeve, the other piston sleeves at all stages are provided with lateral holes close to the lower end along the circumferential direction;

furthermore, a piston sleeve stabilizing nail is arranged at the joint of each piston sleeve, and each piston is provided with a sealing rubber ring.

Further, the last-stage piston sleeve 18 is in threaded connection with a leather cup protective cover 24, and a cylindrical sliding sleeve inner convex body 22 with the thickness of 10cm is arranged above a lateral hole 23 close to the lower end of the last-stage piston sleeve 18;

further, the sliding sleeve 31 is connected with the leather cup protecting cover 24 through a sliding sleeve pin 26;

further, the uppermost end of the sliding sleeve 31 is a circular convex body with the thickness of 10 cm; the sliding sleeve pins 26 are 2 symmetrically arranged pins with the diameter of 10mm;

further, the pressure relief rod 7 is composed of two sections of cylinders with different diameters, wherein the cylinder with the smaller diameter is sleeved with the pressure relief spring 6, the cylinder with the larger diameter is provided with a sealing rubber ring and is sealed with the inner channel 9 of the pressure relief body, and the pressure relief body 10 is provided with a radial pressure relief hole 8 vertical to the inner channel 9 of the pressure relief body;

furthermore, a plurality of lateral holes are formed in the piston sleeve close to the lower end along the circumferential direction, and the diameter of each lateral hole is 8-10 mm;

furthermore, the sliding sleeve 31 is positioned outside the last stage piston 20, a sealing rubber ring is arranged on the sliding sleeve, the leather cup type sealing mechanism and the compression rubber cylinder 29 are arranged on the sliding sleeve 31, and the rubber cylinder 32 support is sequentially arranged on the sliding sleeve 31;

further, the lower end of the first-stage piston sleeve 3 is connected with a pressure relief body, and the upper end of the middle piston sleeve 13 (the first second-stage piston sleeve) is connected with the pressure relief body 10; the middle piston sleeves are connected through screw threads.

Furthermore, the leather cup type sealing mechanism consists of a leather cup 27 and a leather cup bracket; the maximum outer diameter of a leather cup 27 of the leather cup type sealing mechanism is 2-3 mm larger than the inner diameter of the casing pipe; the compression-type rubber cylinder 29 is a two-stage rubber cylinder with a steel spacer ring 30 in the middle, and the outer diameter of the compression-type rubber cylinder 29 is 6mm smaller than the inner diameter of the sleeve;

further, the flaring part of the leather cup is sleeved in the leather cup protective cover 24; the maximum outer diameter of the leather cup protective cover 24 is consistent with the outer diameter of the piston sleeve;

furthermore, the plastic expansion head 34 is a double cone with a middle part with a diameter which is larger than that of the plastic expansion head and the diameter of which is reduced from the middle to two ends, the front part is a cone which extends forwards from the maximum diameter according to the gradient of 9 degrees, the foremost end is spherical, and the rear part is shorter in length and is provided with a female buckle;

further, the push rod 33 is a cylinder with a length not greater than 30cm and two ends with a male buckle diameter of 70 mm.

Application method

Installing a tool at the lowest end of a pipe column, installing 3-5 tubing anchors on the upper part of the tool at intervals of 2 tubing, and connecting the tubing column to a wellhead at the upper part of the tubing anchor;

1) And (3) forward shaping the sleeve:

2) And (3) process self-testing:

3) And (3) reverse reinforcement shaping of the sleeve:

when the casing is shaped in the forward direction, when the lower end face of the large-diameter part of the outer wall of the last-stage piston descends to the upper end face of the sliding sleeve, the sliding sleeve is extruded to cut off a sliding sleeve pin, the last-stage piston pushes the sliding sleeve to descend until a convex body of the sliding sleeve is contacted with a convex body in the last-stage piston sleeve, and the leather cup type sealing mechanism is separated from the leather cup protective cover to be elastically expanded to seal off an oil sleeve annulus; hydraulic pressure is added from the oil sleeve ring in an idle mode, the leather cup type sealing mechanism seals the oil sleeve ring space at the moment, so that the leather cup type sealing mechanism pushes the compression type rubber cylinder to move downwards along with the increase of the hydraulic pressure, and the compression type rubber cylinder is compressed to open the sealing oil sleeve ring space due to the fact that a rubber cylinder support is arranged at the bottom of the compression type rubber cylinder; the liquid injected into the oil sleeve annulus enters the piston cavity from each piston sleeve lateral hole at the upper part of the leather cup type sealing mechanism to push each stage of piston to move upwards, so that the shaping expansion head moves upwards to shape the sleeve, and the reverse reinforcement expanding shaping of the sleeve variable section is realized.

Example 2:

referring to fig. 1 to 2, the present invention provides a technical solution: on the basis of the technical scheme of the embodiment 1, the compression type rubber cylinder is made of a high-temperature-resistant tetrafluoroethylene material rubber cylinder;

the piston processes of all stages are consistent and are 300-400 mm, and the maximum outer diameter of each stage of piston is 60-65 mm; the outer diameter of the large-diameter end of each stage of piston is 100mm, the outer diameter of the small-diameter section of each stage of piston is 70mm, and the inner diameter of each stage of piston is 10mm.

Although fig. 1 is used in all the above embodiments, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that a separate drawing is not shown as long as parts or structural features missing from the embodiments are removed from the drawing. As will be clear to the skilled person. Of course, the embodiment with more components is only the best embodiment, and the embodiment with less components is the basic embodiment, but the basic object of the invention can also be achieved, so all the modified embodiments are within the protection scope of the invention.

All parts and components which are not discussed in the present application and the connection mode of all parts and components in the present application belong to the known technology in the technical field. The application is direct, and is not described in detail.

In the present invention, the term "plurality" means two or more unless explicitly defined otherwise. The terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "connected" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; "coupled" may be direct or indirect through an intermediary. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or unit must have a specific direction, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description herein, the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiments," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bidirectional shaping tool for a horizontal well comprises a hydraulic propelling mechanism and a shaping expansion head; the lower end of the hydraulic propelling mechanism is connected with a shaping expansion head through a push rod;

the system is characterized by also comprising a progress self-testing mechanism;

2. The tool for bi-directional horizontal well reshaping according to claim 1, further comprising a reverse force-increasing reshaping mechanism;

3. The horizontal well bidirectional reshaping tool according to claim 2, wherein the first-stage piston mechanism comprises a first-stage piston, a first-stage piston sleeve and a piston return spring;

4. The bidirectional horizontal well reshaping tool according to claim 3, wherein the intermediate piston mechanism comprises an intermediate piston sleeve and an intermediate piston;

the upper end surface of the middle piston is a pressing surface and is communicated with the middle inner pressing channel, and the middle inner pressing channel is communicated with the first-stage inner pressing channel; and a middle piston sleeve lateral hole is formed in the lower part of the middle piston sleeve, so that the oil sleeve annular space is communicated with the middle piston cavity.

5. The horizontal well bidirectional reshaping tool according to claim 4, wherein the process self-measuring mechanism comprises a pressure relief rod, a pressure relief spring and a pressure relief body;

6. The horizontal well bidirectional shaping tool according to claim 5, wherein a large-diameter step and a small-diameter step are formed in the upper end of the outer wall of the first-stage piston, a spring bottom table is arranged on the inner wall of the first-stage piston sleeve, the upper end of the piston return spring abuts against the large-diameter step, the lower end of the piston return spring abuts against the spring bottom table, and the small-diameter step corresponds to a rod touch head of a pressure relief rod below the small-diameter step.

7. The horizontal well bidirectional reshaping tool according to claim 4, 5 or 6, wherein the last stage piston mechanism comprises a last stage piston sleeve and a last stage piston;

8. The horizontal well bidirectional reshaping tool according to claim 7, wherein the reverse reinforcement reshaping mechanism comprises a leather cup protective cover, a sliding sleeve, a leather cup type sealing mechanism and a compression rubber cylinder;

9. The horizontal well bidirectional shaping tool according to claim 1, wherein the upper ends of the inner wall of the last-stage piston sleeve and the outer wall of the sliding sleeve are respectively provided with a matched limiting convex body capable of preventing the sliding sleeve from descending.

10. A using method of a horizontal well bidirectional shaping tool is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) And (3) forward shaping the sleeve:

2) And (3) process self-testing:

in the process of pushing the shaping expansion head to descend by positive pressure, after the lower end face of a small step at the upper end of the outer wall of the first-stage piston is contacted with a pressure relief rod, the pressure relief rod is compressed to descend and enters a pressure relief body cavity together with a blocking head at a sealing section of a pressure relief body channel, the pressure relief liquid in the tool is released to an oil sleeve annulus through the upper end face of the uppermost intermediate piston, the pressure relief body cavity, the pressure relief body channel and a pressure relief hole, and the pressure of a well head is suddenly reduced, so that the first-stage piston is indicated to reach the lowermost end; at the moment, the ground wellhead stops pressurizing, the first-stage piston moves upwards to be separated from the pressure relief rod under the action of the piston return spring, and the pressure relief rod moves upwards to seal the pressure relief channel of the pressure relief body under the action of the pressure relief spring; finishing the forward shaping stroke of the sleeve;

3) And (3) reverse reinforcement shaping of the sleeve:

when the sleeve is shaped in the forward direction, when the lower end face of the large-diameter part of the outer wall of the last-stage piston descends to the upper end face of the sliding sleeve, the sliding sleeve is extruded to cut off a sliding sleeve pin, the last-stage piston pushes the sliding sleeve to descend until a sliding sleeve outer convex body is contacted with a last-stage piston sleeve inner convex body, the leather cup type sealing mechanism is separated from the leather cup protecting cover to be expanded elastically, and an oil sleeve annulus is sealed; hydraulic pressure is added from the oil sleeve ring in an idle mode, the leather cup type sealing mechanism seals the oil sleeve ring space at the moment, so that the leather cup type sealing mechanism pushes the compression type rubber cylinder to move downwards along with the increase of the hydraulic pressure, and the compression type rubber cylinder is compressed to open the sealing oil sleeve ring space due to the fact that a rubber cylinder support is arranged at the bottom of the compression type rubber cylinder; the liquid injected into the oil sleeve annulus enters the piston cavity from each piston sleeve lateral hole at the upper part of the leather cup type sealing mechanism to push each stage of piston to move upwards, so that the shaping expansion head moves upwards to shape the sleeve, and the reverse reinforcement expanding shaping of the sleeve variable section is realized.