CN115903032A - Underground fluid storage space and migration channel detection method and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of detection, and relates to a method and a device for detecting an underground fluid storage space and a migration channel, wherein common offset seismic wave field data of a region to be processed are collected firstly; processing the common offset seismic wave field data to obtain scattered wave data; then, performing homing imaging on scattered wave data through a migration algorithm to obtain a fine positioning result of the underground fluid storage space and the migration channel, and realizing the detection of the underground fluid storage space and the migration channel; the method takes the kinematic characteristic difference of the wave field and the dynamic characteristic of the wave field into consideration, so that the wave field information can be extracted more quickly and conveniently, the matrix decomposition technology is applied, the scattered wave data of discontinuous geologic bodies can be accurately acquired, the calculation efficiency and the accuracy are high, the method is beneficial to positioning underground abnormal geologic bodies, and the method is convenient for geothermal heating, mineral resources and CO 2 And items such as sealing and the like are safely and effectively promoted.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the technical field of detection, and relates to a method and a device for detecting an underground fluid storage space and a migration channel.
Background art:
underground discontinuous geological anomalous bodies have important influence on the development and utilization of geothermy, mineral resources and the like. The discontinuous geological abnormal body can be used as a geothermal storage space heat conduction channel for heat conduction, and is of great importance for geothermal resource utilization and well drilling position selection. The underground discontinuous fractures serving as storage spaces and migration channels of mineral resources such as coal bed gas, petroleum and natural gas play a vital role in selecting drilling positions and exploring, developing and utilizing oil and gas resources. The scattering data is the wave field response of the underground geological abnormal body, can be used for accurately positioning the non-uniform discontinuous body and provides stronger underground space illumination, and the premise of using the scattering data is to extract the scattering data from the wave field data and then carry out high-precision imaging to accurately position and image the geological abnormal body.
In the existing method, a plane wave decomposition method is usually adopted to obtain scattering data, but the method only considers the kinematic characteristic difference of a wave field, ignores the dynamic characteristic of the wave field and is not beneficial to the extraction of wave field information.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a method and a device for detecting an underground fluid storage space and a migration channel.
In order to achieve the purpose, the specific process of detecting the underground fluid storage space and the migration channel comprises the following steps:
(1) Acquiring common offset distance seismic wave field data of a region to be processed;
(2) Processing the common offset seismic wave field data to obtain scattered wave data;
(3) And performing homing imaging on the scattered wave data through a migration algorithm to obtain a fine positioning result of the underground fluid storage space and the migration channel, so as to realize detection of the underground fluid storage space and the migration channel.
As a further technical scheme of the invention, the specific process of acquiring the scattered wave data in the step (2) is as follows:
(21) Constructing frequency space domain seismic data by utilizing Fourier transform on the common offset seismic wave data acquired in the step (1), and converting the frequency space domain seismic data into a Hankel matrix;
(22) Selecting a plurality of rows and columns from a Hankel matrix according to a matrix row-column contribution value weight function to construct a decomposition submatrix;
(23) And approximating the low-rank information of the Hankle matrix by using a matrix decomposition technology to obtain an approximate low-rank component, and acquiring scattered wave data.
As a further technical scheme of the invention, the Hankle matrix obtained in the step (21) is as follows:
wherein d is i For the ith channel of data at a certain frequency, m and n are the rows and columns of the matrix.
As a further technical solution of the present invention, the matrix row and column contribution weight functions in step (22) are respectively:
wherein i and j are the numbers of indexes in rows and columns of the Hankle matrix, x represents the number of columns, y represents the number of rows,
for the contribution value function of the component, the weight value of each row and column can be circularly calculated by the formula, and the column vector with larger contribution weight is selected to construct decomposed matrixes A and B based on the weight function, wherein the matrix A is composed of column vectors, the matrix B is composed of row vectors, and the screening principle of the column vectors and the row vectors is as follows:
according to the formula, c column vectors and r row vectors with larger weights are respectively selected from each row vector and column vector to construct matrixes A and B, and a matrix U is formed by intersecting elements of A and B, namely:
U＝A + HB +
wherein, (.) + The method is a generalized inverse matrix, and three matrixes A, U and B are obtained through a matrix row and column contribution weight function.
As a further technical solution of the present invention, the approximate low rank component shown in step (23)
Scattered wave data->
As a further technical scheme of the invention, the shift algorithm adopted in the step (3) is a Kirchoff shift algorithm.
Compared with the prior art, the method simultaneously considers the kinematic characteristic difference of the wave field and the dynamic characteristic of the wave field, so that the wave field information is extracted more quickly and conveniently, the matrix decomposition technology is used, the scattered wave data of discontinuous geologic bodies can be accurately obtained, the calculation efficiency and the accuracy are high, the method is favorable for positioning underground abnormal geologic bodies, and is convenient for geothermal heat, mineral resources and CO 2 And items such as sealing and the like are safely and effectively promoted.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the working process of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a process for acquiring scattered wave data according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the underground fluid storage space and migration channel detection apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a raw seismic stack data record of common-offset seismic wavefield data of example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a graph of scattered wave data extracted in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the result of the scattered wave data imaging in example 1 of the present invention.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer and more complete, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention, and all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without making creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a method for detecting an underground fluid storage space and a migration channel, which includes the following specific processes:
(1) Determining a region to be processed, and acquiring common offset seismic wave field data of the region to be processed, as shown in figure 1;
(2) Constructing frequency-space domain seismic data by utilizing Fourier transform according to the common offset seismic wave field data acquired in the step (1), and converting the frequency-space domain seismic data into a Hankel matrix H:
wherein d is i The ith channel of data under a certain frequency, and m and n are rows and columns of a matrix;
(3) Selecting a plurality of rows and columns from a Hankel matrix to construct a decomposition submatrix according to a matrix row and column contribution value weight function, wherein the matrix row and column contribution weight function is respectively as follows:
wherein i and j are the numbers of indexes in rows and columns of the Hankle matrix, x represents the number of columns, y represents the number of rows,
for the contribution value function of the component, the weight value of each row and column can be circularly calculated by the formula, and the column vector with larger contribution weight is selected to construct decomposed matrixes A and B based on the weight function, wherein the matrix A is composed of column vectors, the matrix B is composed of row vectors, and the screening principle of the column vectors and the row vectors is as follows:
according to the formula, c column vectors and r row vectors with larger weights are respectively selected from each row vector and column vector to construct matrixes A and B, and a matrix U is formed by intersecting elements of A and B, namely:
U＝A + HB +
wherein, (.) + The method comprises the following steps of obtaining three matrixes A, U and B through matrix row and column contribution weight functions as a generalized inverse matrix;
(4) According to the submatrix obtained in the step (3), utilizing a matrix decomposition technology to approximate Hankle matrix low-rank information to obtain approximate low-rank components
Thereby acquiring scattered wave data->
As shown in fig. 5;
(5) And (3) performing homing imaging on the scattered wave data obtained in the step (4) by using a Kirchhoff migration algorithm, and obtaining a fine positioning result of the underground fluid storage space and the migration channel as shown in fig. 6 to realize detection of the underground fluid storage space and the migration channel.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 3, the present embodiment provides an underground fluid storage space and migration channel detection apparatus, including:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring common offset seismic wave field data of the area to be detected;
the data processing module is used for processing the common offset seismic wave field data to obtain scattered wave data;
and the imaging module is used for carrying out offset imaging on the scattered wave data to obtain a fine detection result of the underground fluid storage space and the migration channel.
Specifically, the data processing module comprises a Hankel matrix conversion unit, a sub-matrix decomposition unit and a scattered wave data acquisition unit, the Hankel matrix conversion unit constructs frequency space domain seismic data from the collected common offset seismic wave field data by utilizing Fourier transform and converts the frequency space domain seismic data into a Hankel matrix H, and the sub-matrix decomposition unit selects a plurality of rows and columns from the Hankel matrix to construct a decomposition sub-matrix and construct a target function by utilizing a matrix row-column contribution value weight function; the scattered wave data acquisition unit approximates the low-rank information of a Hankle matrix by using a matrix decomposition technology to obtain an approximate low-rank component, so that the scattered wave data is acquired.
More specifically, the Hankel matrix H obtained by the Hankel matrix conversion unit is:
wherein d is i The ith channel of data under a certain frequency, and m and n are rows and columns of a matrix;
matrix row and column contribution weight functions adopted by the sub-matrix decomposition unit are respectively as follows:
wherein i and j are the numbers of indexes in rows and columns of the Hankle matrix, x represents the number of columns, y represents the number of rows,
for the contribution value function of the component, the weight value of each row and column can be circularly calculated by the formula, and the column vector with larger contribution weight is selected to construct decomposed matrixes A and B based on the weight function, wherein the matrix A is composed of column vectors, the matrix B is composed of row vectors, and the screening principle of the column vectors and the row vectors is as follows:
according to the formula, c column vectors and r row vectors with larger weights are respectively selected from each row vector and column vector to construct matrixes A and B, and the matrix U is formed by intersecting elements of the A and the B, namely:
U＝A + HB +
wherein, (.) + The matrix is a generalized inverse matrix, and three matrixes A, U and B are obtained through a matrix row-column contribution weight function;
approximate low rank component obtained by scattered wave acquisition unit
Thereby obtaining scattered wave data
In the embodiment, the common offset seismic wave field data of the area to be processed is obtained through a data acquisition module; the data processing module constructs frequency-space domain seismic data by utilizing Fourier transform and converts the frequency-space domain seismic data into a Hankel matrix; selecting a plurality of rows and columns from the Hankel matrix according to the matrix row and column contribution value weight function to construct a decomposition submatrix; then, approximating Hankle matrix low-rank information by using a matrix decomposition technology to obtain scattering wave field data; and finally, the imaging module performs homing imaging on the scattered wave data through a migration algorithm to obtain detection results of the underground fluid storage space and the migration channel.
The computer program product of the method and the device for finely detecting the underground fluid storage space and the migration channel provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a computer readable storage medium storing program codes, wherein instructions included in the program codes can be used for executing the method described in the previous embodiment, specific implementation can refer to the method embodiment, and detailed description is omitted, and algorithms not described in detail are all general technologies in the field.
The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and various media capable of storing program codes.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, which are used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: those skilled in the art can still make modifications or changes to the embodiments described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some features, within the scope of the disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included therein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (6)
1. A method for detecting underground fluid storage space and migration channels is characterized by comprising the following specific processes:
(1) Acquiring common offset distance seismic wave field data of a region to be processed;
(2) Processing the common offset seismic wave field data to obtain scattered wave data;
(3) And performing homing imaging on the scattered wave data through a migration algorithm to obtain a fine positioning result of the underground fluid storage space and the migration channel, so as to realize detection of the underground fluid storage space and the migration channel.
2. The method for detecting the underground fluid storage space and the migration channel according to claim 1, wherein the step (2) of acquiring the scattered wave data comprises the following specific steps:
(21) Constructing frequency space domain seismic data by utilizing Fourier transform on the common offset seismic wave data acquired in the step (1), and converting the frequency space domain seismic data into a Hankel matrix;
(22) Selecting a plurality of rows and columns from the Hankel matrix according to a matrix row and column contribution value weight function to construct a decomposition submatrix;
(23) And approximating the low-rank information of the Hankle matrix by using a matrix decomposition technology to obtain an approximate low-rank component and acquiring scattered wave data.
3. The method for detecting the underground fluid storage space and the migration channel according to claim 2, wherein the Hankle matrix obtained in the step (21) is:
wherein d is i For the ith channel of data at a certain frequency, m and n are the rows and columns of the matrix.
4. A method according to claim 3, wherein the matrix row and column contribution weighting functions of step (22) are:
wherein i and j are the numbers of indexes in rows and columns of the Hankle matrix, x represents the number of columns, y represents the number of rows,
for the contribution value function of the component, the weight value of each row and column can be circularly calculated by the formula, and the column vector with larger contribution weight is selected to construct decomposed matrixes A and B based on the weight function, wherein the matrix A is composed of column vectors, the matrix B is composed of row vectors, and the screening principle of the column vectors and the row vectors is as follows:
according to the formula, c column vectors and r row vectors with larger weights are respectively selected from each row vector and column vector to construct matrixes A and B, and a matrix U is formed by intersecting elements of A and B, namely:
U＝A + HB +
wherein, (.) + The method is a generalized inverse matrix, and three matrixes A, U and B are obtained through a matrix row and column contribution weight function.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the approximate low rank component of step (23) is
Scattered wave data->
/>
6. The method for detecting underground fluid storage space and migration passage according to claim 1, wherein the migration algorithm used in step (3) is Kirchhoff migration algorithm.
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