CN115900397A - Steam-water heat exchanger with built-in independent cooler and method - Google Patents
Steam-water heat exchanger with built-in independent cooler and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115900397A CN115900397A CN202211730191.8A CN202211730191A CN115900397A CN 115900397 A CN115900397 A CN 115900397A CN 202211730191 A CN202211730191 A CN 202211730191A CN 115900397 A CN115900397 A CN 115900397A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a steam-water heat exchanger with a built-in independent cooler and a method, which relate to the field of heat exchangers and comprise a shell, wherein one end of the shell is communicated with a first pipe box, and the other end of the shell is communicated with a second pipe box; the end of the shell, which is close to the first pipe box, is provided with a built-in cooler support, the shell is internally provided with an upper heat exchange pipe and a lower heat exchange pipe, and the lower heat exchange pipe penetrates through the built-in cooler support to form a built-in cooler together with the built-in cooler support. The invention realizes that the steam-water heat exchanger is internally provided with the relatively independent cooler, and the built-in cooler completely realizes the pure countercurrent heat exchange of the condensed water and the circulating water, so that the circulating water is heated, the condensed water is deeply supercooled, and the minimum inlet end difference is realized. On the premise of not increasing equipment and complexity of system control, the full utilization of steam heat energy is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of heat exchangers, in particular to a steam-water heat exchanger with a built-in independent cooler and a method.
Background
The extraction steam of the steam turbine is used as a main heat source for heat supply of the cogeneration system, and superheated steam under certain parameters passes through the steam-water heat exchanger to release a large amount of heat in the process from overheating to saturation and then to condensation so as to heat external circulating water. The equipment for realizing the heat exchange is a steam-water heat exchanger, and is also called a heat supply network heater according to the main application of circulating water.
In order to fully utilize the heat of extraction steam, the difference of the inlet ends of steam-water heat exchangers needed by the system is as small as possible, the common design idea is to increase the heat exchange area and increase the exchange time of condensed water and circulating water, but the heat exchanger has the defects of large size and high manufacturing cost. Or a condenser is connected with a water-water heat exchanger in series to form two-stage heat exchange, and the defects of increased equipment manufacturing cost and cost, relatively complex control system and increased failure rate are overcome.
There are also steam-water heat exchange equipment with built-in cooling section, but because of the manufacturing difficulty and cost, the inside simply sets up several flow baffles, does not form independent cooler. Although the temperature of the condensate water can be reduced to a certain extent, the inlet end difference of the circulating water is still large, deep supercooling cannot be realized, the heat of extracted steam is fully utilized, and certain waste is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a steam-water heat exchanger with a built-in independent cooler and a method, so that the relatively independent cooler is built in the steam-water heat exchanger, pure countercurrent heat exchange between condensed water and circulating water is completely realized in the cooler, the circulating water is heated, the condensed water is deeply subcooled, and the minimum inlet end difference is realized; on the premise of not increasing equipment and complexity of system control, the full utilization of steam heat energy is realized.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the invention provides a steam-water heat exchanger with a built-in independent cooler, which comprises a shell, wherein one end of the shell is communicated with a first pipe box, and the other end of the shell is communicated with a second pipe box; the end of the shell, which is close to the first pipe box, is provided with a built-in cooler support, the shell is internally provided with an upper heat exchange pipe and a lower heat exchange pipe, and the lower heat exchange pipe penetrates through the built-in cooler support to form a built-in cooler together with the built-in cooler support.
The built-in cooler support is composed of an end supporting plate, a steam-water baffle, a cooler enclosure and an internal baffle plate.
As a further implementation, a plurality of internal baffles are arranged in the internal cooler support in a staggered manner;
as a further implementation mode, the end supporting plate, the steam water baffle and the cooler cladding of the built-in cooler bracket are hermetically welded;
as a further implementation mode, the cooler jacket and the guide plate are respectively provided with a condensed water channel, and the internal baffle plate is provided with a circulation gap;
as a further realization mode, a guide plate and a guide plate are arranged outside the built-in cooler bracket. A guide plate is arranged at one end of the cooler bracket close to the first pipe box, and a guide plate is arranged at the other end of the cooler bracket;
as a further implementation, the upper heat exchange tubes and the lower heat exchange tubes are mounted in the shell through tube bundle brackets;
as a further implementation manner, the first pipe box is correspondingly provided with a circulating water inlet and a circulating water outlet;
as a further implementation mode, the upper side of the shell is provided with a plurality of steam inlets, and the lower side of the shell is provided with a condensed water outlet;
as a further implementation manner, a first tube plate is arranged at the joint of the first tube box and the shell, and a second tube plate is arranged at the joint of the second tube box and the shell; the upper heat exchange tube and the lower heat exchange tube penetrate through the first tube plate and the second tube plate.
In a second aspect, the embodiment of the invention also provides a steam-water heat exchange method with a built-in independent cooler, by adopting the steam-water heat exchanger, superheated steam enters the shell side of the heater through a steam inlet, circulating water to be heated enters the first pipe box and the inside of a heat exchange pipe from the circulating water inlet, flows through a lower heat exchange pipe to reach the second pipe box, changes the flow direction, flows to the first pipe box through an upper heat exchange pipe, realizes heat exchange with steam on the shell side, and sends the heated circulating water to the outside through a circulating water outlet; after the superheated steam on the shell side is cooled and condensed, the formed condensed water enters the built-in cooler through the notch at the front end of the cooler jacket, changes the flow direction and the flow state through the internal baffle plate, flows out to the rear end of the cooler jacket, and flows to the condensed water outlet through the notch of the guide plate.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for manufacturing a steam-water heat exchanger with an internal independent cooler, including:
the built-in cooler support is firstly installed in a heat exchanger shell, and is integrally sleeved in the heat exchanger shell after the heat exchanger tube bundle support is manufactured, and then a second tube plate and a first tube plate are assembled;
or the built-in cooler bracket and the tube bundle bracket are welded together in advance to form an integral bracket which is sleeved with the heat exchanger shell.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The built-in cooler bracket and the heat exchange tube penetrating through the space of the built-in cooler bracket form a relatively independent built-in cooler, so that the built-in relatively independent cooler of the steam-water heat exchanger is realized, pure countercurrent heat exchange of condensed water and circulating water is completely realized in the cooler, the circulating water is heated, the condensed water is deeply supercooled, and the minimum inlet end difference is realized; on the premise of not increasing equipment and complexity of system control, the full utilization of steam heat energy is realized.
(2) The size of the heat exchange area of the independent cooler can be calculated according to parameters such as steam pressure, temperature and condensed water outlet temperature entering equipment, flow of circulating water, inlet and outlet temperature and the like, and the independent cooler is flexible to use.
(3) The invention sets two assembling methods, and can select the first or the second assembling method according to the factors of the precision processing capability of parts in a manufacturing factory, the control level of the assembling precision, the hoisting capability of an assembling workshop and the like during manufacturing.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the present invention according to one or more embodiments;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view C-C of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a perspective view of the built-in cooler bracket 4.
Wherein, 1-a first tube box; 2-inlet of circulating water; 3 — a first tube sheet; 4-built-in cooler bracket; 5, a shell; 6-saddle type support; 7-condensed water outlet; 8, heat exchange tubes; 9-a second header; 10-a first steam inlet; 11-a second steam inlet; 12-circulating water outlet; 13-a split diaphragm; 14-a baffle; 15 — internal baffle; 16-a guide plate; 17-end support plate; 18-steam water baffle; 19-cooler containment; 20-a tube bundle support; 21 — second tubesheet.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows:
the embodiment provides a steam-water heat exchanger with a built-in independent cooler, as shown in fig. 1, the steam-water heat exchanger comprises a shell 5, a first pipe box 1, a second pipe box 9, a built-in cooler support 4, a heat exchange pipe 8 and the like, wherein one end of the shell 5 is communicated with the first pipe box 1, and the other end of the shell is communicated with the second pipe box 9; an in-tank cooler bracket 4 is provided inside the casing 5 at an end adjacent to the first header 1, and the lower heat exchange tubes pass through the in-tank cooler bracket 4. The built-in cooler holder 4 forms a relatively independent built-in cooler together with the heat exchange tubes 8 passing through the space thereof.
With reference to the direction shown in fig. 1, the first channel box 1 is located at the left end of the housing 5, and the second channel box 9 is located at the right end of the housing 5; a circulating water outlet 12 is formed in the upper side of the first pipe box 1, a circulating water inlet 2 is formed in the lower side of the first pipe box 1, and the circulating water inlet 2 and the circulating water outlet 12 are correspondingly arranged; a horizontally arranged pass partition plate 13 is installed in the first tube box 1.
The heat exchange tubes 8 are mounted in the shell 5 through tube bundle supports 20, and the heat exchange tubes 8 are axially arranged along the shell 5 and are divided into upper heat exchange tubes and lower heat exchange tubes. The first tube plate 3 is arranged at the joint of the first tube box 1 and the shell 5, and the second tube plate 21 is arranged at the joint of the second tube box 9 and the shell 5.
A plurality of steam inlets are arranged at the top of the shell 5 at intervals, and two steam inlets, namely a first steam inlet 10 and a second steam inlet 11, are arranged in the embodiment; the bottom of the shell 5 is supported by saddle supports 6 near the two ends, the bottom of the shell 5 is also provided with a condensed water outlet 7, and the position of the condensed water outlet 7 corresponds to the position below the built-in cooler support 4.
As shown in fig. 4, the built-in cooler bracket 4 is composed of an end supporting plate 17, a steam trap 18, a cooler jacket 19, and an internal baffle 15, and the cooler jacket 19 is provided with a condensed water passage at an end near the end supporting plate 17.
A plurality of internal baffles 15 may be disposed inside the internal cooler support, the internal baffles 15 have flow gaps on the sides thereof, and the flow gaps of the internal baffles 15 are staggered to form flow paths in the directions indicated by the arrows in fig. 2.
A guide plate 14 is arranged at one end of the built-in cooler bracket 4 close to the first pipe box 1, a guide plate 16 is arranged at one end close to an end supporting plate 17, and a condensed water channel is arranged on the guide plate 14.
The guide plate 14 is positioned on the left side of the condensed water outlet 7, and the guide plate 16 is positioned on the right side of the condensed water outlet 7. The condensed water is blocked by the guide plate, enters the interior of the built-in cooler through the condensed water channel on the cooler jacket 19, circulates in the direction indicated by the arrow in fig. 2, flows out of the built-in cooler in the direction indicated by the arrow in fig. 1, and reaches the condensed water outlet 7 through the condensed water channel on the guide plate 14.
In the structural design of the present embodiment, the independent built-in cooler needs to consider:
the sectional area of a condensate water channel reserved on the cooler cladding 19 and the size of a gap of the internal baffle plate 15 are calculated based on the flow rate of liquid in the heat exchanger, and the general flow rate is 0.5-1 m/S; the sectional area of the condensed water passage arranged on the guide plate 14 is not less than the sectional area of the condensed water outlet 7.
The guide plate 16 serves to guide the condensate through the channels in the cooler housing 19 into the cooler interior without short-circuiting directly to the condensate outlet 7.
The end supporting plate 17 is provided with a through hole for the heat exchange tube 8 to pass through, and the through hole is drilled according to the tolerance of the tube hole of the I-level heat exchanger.
The structural design of the steam trap 18 should be considered in combination with the assembly process, either in whole or in blocks.
In the manufacturing process, the steam-water heat exchanger with the independent built-in cooler considers the following main points:
the built-in cooler bracket 4 can be manufactured outside the heat exchanger shell 5 independently, and at the moment, the verticality tolerance among the internal baffle plate 15, the end supporting plate 17 and the cooler cladding 19 is ensured to meet the assembly requirement of the heat exchanger; the assembly clearance between the steam-water baffle 18 and the shell 5 is not more than 3mm, and the short-circuit flow of the condensed water is reduced.
The assembly clearance between the guide plate 16, the guide plate 14 and the shell 5 should be no more than 3mm.
When the heat exchanger operates, the normal liquid level is set at the height of the steam-water baffle 18 so as to ensure the maximum heat exchange effect of the cooler; when the liquid level is lower than the bottom of the cooler cladding 19, the drainage of condensed water inside the heat exchanger is influenced; the user can adjust the liquid level height in the shell through the opening degree of the drain valve.
The working principle of the embodiment is as follows:
the superheated steam enters the shell side of the heater through a first steam inlet 10 and a second steam inlet 11; circulating water to be heated enters the first pipe box 1 and the heat exchange pipe 8 from the circulating water inlet 2, flows through the lower heat exchange pipe from the first pipe box 1 to the second pipe box 9, changes the flow direction, flows to the first pipe box 1 through the upper heat exchange pipe, realizes heat exchange with steam on the shell side, and sends the heated circulating water to the outside through the circulating water outlet 12.
After the superheated steam is cooled and condensed, the condensed water enters the built-in cooler through a condensed water channel at the front end of the cooler jacket 19, changes the flow direction and the flow state through the internal baffle plate 15, flows out to the rear end of the cooler jacket 19 and flows to the condensed water outlet 7 through the guide plate 14. Inside the built-in cooler, circulating water which just enters the heat exchange tube 8 is arranged in the tube, condensed water after steam condensation is arranged outside the tube, and pure countercurrent heat exchange at a low temperature section is realized between the circulating water and the condensed water, so that the maximum heat exchange effect is achieved.
The size of the heat exchange area of the independent built-in cooler can be calculated according to parameters such as steam pressure and temperature entering equipment, outlet temperature of condensed water, flow of circulating water, inlet and outlet temperature and the like, and the application is flexible; when there are multiple use operating modes, can do multiple contrast scheme, after various operating mode conditions are planned overall, select the relatively economic reasonable scheme of heat transfer area and heat exchange capacity.
When the system is energy-saving and improved, the structure of the built-in independent cooler can be designed by combining the positions of the water inlet, the water outlet and the air inlet of the original system, the heat exchange quantity is increased under the condition of not increasing the installation space, the increase of the circulating water output quantity is realized, or the use quantity of steam is reduced, and the purpose of saving energy is achieved.
When the structure of the parts of the built-in cooler is designed, attention is paid to the fact that the flow rate of condensed water in the cooler is matched with the total amount of steam of the heater and the flow rate of a condensed water outlet, and stable operation and low noise of equipment are guaranteed.
Example two:
the embodiment provides a steam-water heat exchange method with a built-in independent cooler, and the steam-water heat exchanger of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
the superheated steam under a certain pressure and temperature enters the shell side of the heater through the first steam inlet 10 and the second steam inlet 11, and the superheated steam penetrates the space of the shell side but cannot enter the interior of the cooler. Circulating water to be heated enters the first pipe box 1 and the heat exchange pipe 8 from the circulating water inlet 2, the circulating water flows from the first pipe box 1 to the second pipe box 9 through the lower heat exchange pipe, changes the flow direction and flows to the first pipe box 1 through the upper heat exchange pipe, heat exchange is realized between the circulating water and steam on the shell side, and the heated circulating water is sent to the outside through the circulating water outlet 12.
After the superheated steam is cooled and condensed, the condensed water enters the built-in cooler through a condensed water channel at the front end of the cooler jacket 19, changes the flow direction and the flow state through the internal baffle plate 15, flows out to the rear end of the cooler jacket 19 and flows to the condensed water outlet 7 through the guide plate 14.
Example three:
the embodiment provides a method for manufacturing a steam-water heat exchanger with a built-in independent cooler, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the heat exchanger shell 5 is arranged on an assembly tool, and then the built-in cooler bracket 4 is arranged in the shell 5; similarly, the heat exchanger tube bundle bracket 20 is manufactured on the mounting mould, and then is integrally pulled and sleeved into the shell 5; after which the second tube plate 21, the first tube plate 3 are assembled.
The second method comprises the following steps: the built-in cooler bracket 4 and the tube bundle bracket 20 are assembled and welded together in advance to form an integral bracket, and then the integral bracket is sleeved with the shell 5.
The assembly precision of the heat exchanger can be realized by adopting the two modes, the heat exchange tube is ensured to be smoothly installed and welded with the tube plate in a free state, and the assembly and welding stress is small.
The built-in independent cooler technology of the embodiment can be applied to a fixed tube plate type steam-water heat exchanger and also can be applied to a U-shaped tube type steam-water heat exchanger. When the assembly method is applied to the fixed tube-plate heat exchanger, the assembly purpose can be realized by the first assembly method and the second assembly method; when the U-shaped tube heat exchanger is applied, a second assembly mode is used, firstly, the independent built-in cooler support, the U-shaped tube plate and the tube bundle support are fixed into a whole, then the U-shaped heat exchange tube is assembled, and after the U-shaped heat exchange tube is completely manufactured, the U-shaped heat exchange tube is assembled with the shell.
The technology of the built-in independent cooler is more reasonable in economy when the technology is used for a steam-water heat exchanger with a heat exchange area larger than 1000 square meters.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A steam-water heat exchanger with a built-in independent cooler is characterized by comprising a shell, wherein one end of the shell is communicated with a first pipe box, and the other end of the shell is communicated with a second pipe box; the end of the shell, which is close to the first pipe box, is provided with a built-in cooler support, the shell is internally provided with an upper heat exchange pipe and a lower heat exchange pipe, and the lower heat exchange pipe penetrates through the built-in cooler support to form a built-in cooler together with the built-in cooler support.
2. The steam-water heat exchanger with the built-in independent cooler of claim 1, characterized in that the built-in cooler bracket is composed of a cooler can, a steam-water baffle, an end supporting plate and an internal baffle plate; and a guide plate are arranged on the outer side of the built-in cooler support.
3. A steam-water heat exchanger with a built-in independent cooler as claimed in claim 2, wherein the cooler jacket and the flow guide plate are respectively provided with a condensed water channel, the internal baffle plate is provided with a circulation gap, and the built-in cooler is internally provided with a plurality of internal baffle plates which are arranged in a staggered manner.
4. A vapor-water heat exchanger with a built-in independent cooler according to claim 1, wherein the upper heat exchange tubes and the lower heat exchange tubes are installed in the shell through tube bundle brackets.
5. A steam-water heat exchanger with a built-in independent cooler as recited in claim 1 wherein the first pipe box is provided with a circulating water inlet and a circulating water outlet correspondingly.
6. A steam-water heat exchanger with a built-in independent cooler as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that, a plurality of steam inlets are arranged on the shell, and a condensed water outlet is arranged at the lower side.
7. The steam-water heat exchanger with the built-in independent cooler as claimed in claim 1, wherein a first tube plate is arranged at the joint of the first tube box and the shell, and a second tube plate is arranged at the joint of the second tube box and the shell.
8. A steam-water heat exchanger with a built-in independent cooler as claimed in claim 7, wherein the upper heat exchange tube and the lower heat exchange tube penetrate through the first tube plate and the second tube plate.
9. A steam-water heat exchange method with a built-in independent cooler is characterized in that the steam-water heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is adopted, superheated steam enters the shell side of a heater through a steam inlet, circulating water to be heated enters a first tube box and the interior of a heat exchange tube from the circulating water inlet, flows from the first tube box to a second tube box through a lower heat exchange tube, flows to the first tube box through an upper heat exchange tube after changing the flow direction, realizes heat exchange with steam on the shell side, and the circulating water after temperature rise is sent to the outside through a circulating water outlet; after the superheated steam is cooled and condensed, the condensed water enters the built-in cooler through the condensed water channel of the cooler jacket, changes the flowing direction and the flowing state through the internal baffle plate, flows out to the rear end of the cooler jacket, and flows to the condensed water outlet through the condensed water channel on the guide plate.
10. The method for manufacturing a steam-water heat exchanger with an internal independent cooler according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the following steps:
the built-in cooler support is firstly installed in a heat exchanger shell, and is integrally sleeved in the heat exchanger shell after the heat exchanger tube bundle support is manufactured, and then a second tube plate and a first tube plate are assembled;
or the built-in cooler bracket and the tube bundle bracket are welded together in advance to form an integral bracket which is sleeved with the heat exchanger shell.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211730191.8A CN115900397A (en) | 2022-12-30 | 2022-12-30 | Steam-water heat exchanger with built-in independent cooler and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211730191.8A CN115900397A (en) | 2022-12-30 | 2022-12-30 | Steam-water heat exchanger with built-in independent cooler and method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115900397A true CN115900397A (en) | 2023-04-04 |
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ID=86476392
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211730191.8A Pending CN115900397A (en) | 2022-12-30 | 2022-12-30 | Steam-water heat exchanger with built-in independent cooler and method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115900397A (en) |
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2022
- 2022-12-30 CN CN202211730191.8A patent/CN115900397A/en active Pending
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