CN115891500B - Magnetic wheel structure of magnetic suspension automobile - Google Patents
Magnetic wheel structure of magnetic suspension automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN115891500B CN115891500B CN202310220918.6A CN202310220918A CN115891500B CN 115891500 B CN115891500 B CN 115891500B CN 202310220918 A CN202310220918 A CN 202310220918A CN 115891500 B CN115891500 B CN 115891500B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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- Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a magnetic wheel structure of a magnetic suspension automobile, which relates to the technical field of magnetic suspension and comprises permanent magnet blocks, a magnetic conduction inner ring, an outer ring, carbon fibers and hard rubber solid tires, wherein the permanent magnet blocks are periodically arranged into annular permanent magnet wheels according to a Halbach array; the magnetic conduction inner ring, the annular permanent magnet wheel, the outer ring, the carbon fiber and the hard rubber solid tire are sequentially arranged on the hub from inside to outside. The magnetic wheel structure makes the divided permanent magnet small blocks staggered by dividing the permanent magnet blocks, and the permanent magnet small blocks share the stress mutually to prevent the magnet from cracking and separating. The invention can realize two purposes of one wheel, and the hard rubber solid tyre on the outer layer of the magnetic wheel can run on a common road surface, which is not different from the traditional vehicle. And secondly, after the magnetic wheels are switched to the special magnetic levitation lane, the vehicle realizes a magnetic levitation state, so that the speed loss caused by friction between the road surface and the wheels is reduced, and the running speed is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of magnetic suspension, in particular to a magnetic wheel structure of a magnetic suspension automobile.
Background
The rotary magnetic levitation automobile is a car-road coupling system consisting of a car-mounted magnetic wheel structure and a ground guide rail, and special magnetic wheels are needed. Because the magnetic wheel has high topological similarity with the wheel of the traditional automobile, the magnetic levitation automobile can be modified and upgraded based on the traditional automobile structure to replace the existing automobile wheel, and can simultaneously realize running on a common road surface and a special magnetic levitation lane, and how to perfectly fit the magnetic wheel with the existing wheel is a key problem. On the one hand, the arrangement of a plurality of molecules in the magnet is changed after the magnet is magnetized, the potential energy of the molecules is increased, the potential energy of the molecules tends to return to low potential and high entropy, and tiny grooves are formed between the magnetized magnetic domains from the microscopic view, and the grooves are easy to expand into cracks when the magnet is subjected to external force, namely the magnet is fragile. When the magnetic wheel runs on a common road surface, the magnetic wheel can be subjected to strong impact force brought by the road surface. On the other hand, the magnetic wheel has larger mass, and the traditional pneumatic tire can be burst due to excessive impact force, and even the magnet is forced to crack. That is, the magnet wheel is engaged with the existing wheel, and how to alleviate the impact force applied to the magnet is also considered.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a magnetic wheel structure of a magnetic levitation vehicle so as to solve the problems. In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the application provides a magnetic wheel structure of magnetic levitation vehicle, include: the permanent magnet wheel comprises permanent magnet blocks, a magnetic conduction inner ring and an outer ring, wherein the permanent magnet blocks are periodically arranged into an annular permanent magnet wheel according to a Halbach array, and each permanent magnet block comprises at least three permanent magnet small blocks which are staggered; taking the circle center of the annular permanent magnet wheel as the circle center of the permanent magnet, wherein the permanent magnet blocks radially at least comprise an inner layer and an outer layer; the outer surface of the magnetic conduction inner ring is connected with the inner ring surface of the annular permanent magnet wheel, and the inner surface of the magnetic conduction inner ring is used for being connected with a wheel hub; the inner surface of the outer ring is connected with the outer surface of the annular permanent magnet wheel.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention divides the permanent magnet blocks and uses bolts to make the permanent magnet blocks staggered in the radial direction of the magnetic wheel, so that the structure reduces the mass of the single permanent magnet blocks, and distributes stress to each other to prevent the magnetic blocks from separating, the surface of the annular permanent magnet wheel outer ring wraps the annular magnet by adopting the pure aluminum outer ring and the carbon fiber, and the pure aluminum outer ring can carry out secondary induction with the mirror image magnetic field generated by the conductor plate to improve the levitation force of the magnetic wheel, thereby playing the roles of fixing the magnet to drop and increasing the levitation force of the magnetic wheel.
The invention realizes one-wheel dual-purpose by wrapping the magnetic wheel by the hard rubber solid tyre, and the hard rubber solid tyre is arranged outside the magnetic wheel, so that the invention can run on a common road surface and is not different from a traditional vehicle. After the magnetic wheels are switched to the special magnetic levitation lane, the vehicle is in a magnetic levitation state, so that the speed loss caused by friction between the road surface and the wheels is reduced, the running speed is greatly improved, and the high-speed running of the vehicle can be realized. The hard rubber solid tire has high enough stretching stress, high hardness, low permanent deformation and good wear resistance, so that accidents such as tire burst and the like under large impact force can be avoided, and meanwhile, the hard rubber solid tire is small in deformation and high in hardness, and can relieve the impact force of a magnet when the magnet is subjected to the impact force, and plays a role in protecting the magnet. Meanwhile, the magnet and the special lane for magnetic levitation can keep a smaller air gap to increase levitation force.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the embodiments of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will briefly explain the drawings needed in the embodiments, it being understood that the following drawings illustrate only some embodiments of the invention and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope, since other related drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is an end sectional view of a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of three permanent magnet segments according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a two-stage arrangement of three permanent magnet segments according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of an arrangement of six permanent magnet segments according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of seven permanent magnet segments according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a radial cross-sectional view of four permanent magnet segments according to the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of four permanent magnet segments in the present invention.
The marks in the figure: 1. a bolt; 2. a magnetically conductive inner ring; 3. a hub end cap; 4. a first permanent magnet; 5. the second permanent magnet block; 6. a hard rubber solid tire; 7. a carbon fiber; 8. an outer ring; 9. countersunk head bolts; 10. a third permanent magnet; 11. a fourth permanent magnet; 12. a hub.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures. Meanwhile, in the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used only to distinguish the description, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides a magnetic wheel structure of a magnetic levitation vehicle, for realizing dual purposes of one wheel, the magnetic wheel structure includes: the permanent magnet blocks adopt neodymium iron boron permanent magnets, are periodically arranged into annular permanent magnet wheels according to a Halbach array, and have the strongest magnetic field intensity at the outer side in the radial direction and the weakest magnetic field at the center of a circle.
The outer surface of the magnetic conduction inner ring 2 is connected with the inner ring surface of the annular permanent magnet wheel, and the magnetic conduction inner ring 2 is made of iron and has good magnetic conductivity. The inner surface of the magnetic conduction inner ring 2 is used for being connected with a hub 12; the inner surface of the outer ring 8 is connected with the outer surface of the annular permanent magnet wheel, and is made of pure aluminum, so that the inner annular permanent magnet wheel is protected, and the inner annular permanent magnet wheel reacts with an induced vortex generated by a magnetic levitation special lane conductor plate to generate levitation force. The outer surface of the outer ring 8 is provided with carbon fibers 7, the outer surface of the carbon fibers 7 is provided with a hard rubber solid tire 6, and compared with a common tire, the sizing material of the hard rubber solid tire 6 has enough pressure resistance and wear resistance, and has enough high stretching stress, higher hardness, low permanent deformation and good wear resistance. When the impact force is applied to the common road surface, the impact force applied to the magnet can be relieved, the magnet can be protected, the invention can run on the common road surface, and the hard rubber solid tire 6 can keep a small air gap between the magnet and the conductor plate of the magnetic levitation special lane to increase levitation force.
The end faces of the annular permanent magnet wheel, the magnetic conduction inner ring 2, the outer ring 8, the carbon fiber 7 and the hard rubber solid tire 6 are parallel, and are arranged between the hub 12 and the hub end cover 3, and the hub end cover 3 is axially connected with the hub 12 through the bolts 1. The annular permanent magnet wheel, the magnetic conduction inner ring 2 and the hub 12 are radially connected through countersunk bolts 9.
Example 2:
the embodiment provides a magnetic wheel structure of a magnetic levitation vehicle, and the position relationship and the connection relationship of the magnetic conduction inner ring 2, the hub end cover 3, the hard rubber solid tyre 6, the carbon fiber 7, the outer ring 8 and the hub 12 are the same as those of the first embodiment. The single permanent magnet blocks in the existing annular permanent magnet wheel are large in mass and fragile, and are easy to damage in the running process, so that damaged magnet fragments are easy to fall off. The present embodiment thus divides each of the permanent magnet pieces into three small permanent magnet pieces.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the permanent magnet block includes an inner layer and an outer layer, wherein one layer is axially divided into two small permanent magnet blocks. Fig. 5 shows a first arrangement mode of three permanent magnet small blocks, wherein the inner layer is divided into two permanent magnet small blocks, and the two permanent magnet small blocks of the inner layer are pressed by the permanent magnet small blocks with larger area on the outer layer. Fig. 6 shows a second arrangement of three permanent magnet small blocks, and the outer layer is divided into two permanent magnet small blocks. The quality of single permanent magnet blocks is reduced by segmentation, the breakage of the permanent magnet blocks is reduced, the force is shared among the small permanent magnet blocks, and the outer layer adopts a pure aluminum outer ring 8 and carbon fibers 7 to prevent the small permanent magnet blocks from separating.
Example 3:
the embodiment provides a magnetic wheel structure of a magnetic levitation vehicle, and the position relationship and the connection relationship of the magnetic conduction inner ring 2, the hub end cover 3, the hard rubber solid tyre 6, the carbon fiber 7, the outer ring 8 and the hub 12 are the same as those of the first embodiment. Based on the second embodiment, we consider that the more permanent magnet pieces are split, the smaller the mass of the small permanent magnet pieces is.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, each permanent magnet block in this embodiment is divided into at least five small permanent magnet blocks, where the permanent magnet block includes at least three layers, and at least one layer is axially divided into at least two small permanent magnet blocks. FIG. 7 is an arrangement of six permanent magnet segments, a total of three layers, each layer comprising two permanent magnet segments of different lengths. FIG. 8 shows an arrangement of seven permanent magnet segments, including a total of three layers, the upper and lower layers each including two of the permanent magnet segments, and the middle layer including three of the permanent magnet segments. The two arrangement modes of the embodiment further reduce the mass of each small permanent magnet block, and further reduce the centrifugal force suffered by the small permanent magnet blocks.
Example 4:
example 2 during the actual installation process, two smaller permanent magnet small pieces of the other layer are inconvenient to install because the small permanent magnet pieces of one layer are large and have large magnetism. In the third embodiment, the more the permanent magnet blocks are cut, the smaller the mass of the small permanent magnet blocks is, but the too many permanent magnet blocks are cut, the magnetic field intensity is weakened, and the more the number of the small permanent magnet blocks is, the more the fixing bolts 1 are, the permanent magnet blocks need to be perforated, and the whole magnetic field intensity of the annular permanent magnet wheel is seriously affected. Therefore, the embodiment provides a reasonable permanent magnet block dividing mode.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 7 and fig. 8, in this embodiment, each permanent magnet block is divided into four small permanent magnet blocks, where each permanent magnet block radially includes an inner layer and an outer layer, and each layer is axially divided into two small permanent magnet blocks. The magnetization directions of the small permanent magnet blocks are the same.
The height ratio of the inner permanent magnet small blocks to the outer permanent magnet small blocks is 1:1 or 3:4, keeping the height equally dividing as much as possible, wherein the processing difficulty is high when the height of a certain layer of permanent magnet small block is too thin.
The radial sections of the four small permanent magnet blocks are respectively a first permanent magnet block 4, a second permanent magnet block 5, a third permanent magnet block 10 and a fourth permanent magnet block 11 from the lower left corner in the clockwise direction; the length ratio of the first permanent magnet block 4 to the fourth permanent magnet block 11 is 1:2. the length ratio of the second permanent magnet block 5 to the third permanent magnet block 10 is 2:1. the lengths of the first permanent magnet block 4 and the third permanent magnet block 10 are the same; the lengths of the second permanent magnet block 5 and the fourth permanent magnet block 11 are the same. If the single magnetic block is too short or too thin, the punching is not facilitated, the total magnetic field intensity can be ensured by equally dividing, and the permanent magnet small blocks are mutually interlocked in a staggered arrangement mode, so that the falling-off is prevented.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will readily recognize that variations or substitutions are within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention is subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A magnetic wheel structure of a magnetic levitation vehicle, comprising:
the permanent magnet blocks are periodically arranged into an annular permanent magnet wheel according to a Halbach array, and each permanent magnet block comprises at least three permanent magnet small blocks which are arranged in a staggered manner; taking the circle center of the annular permanent magnet wheel as the circle center of the permanent magnet, wherein the permanent magnet blocks radially at least comprise an inner layer and an outer layer; the staggered arrangement is that the end faces of at least one side of the adjacent small permanent magnet blocks of different layers of the same permanent magnet block are not on the same plane;
the magnetic conduction inner ring (2), the outer surface of the magnetic conduction inner ring (2) is connected with the surface of the annular permanent magnet wheel inner ring, and the inner surface of the magnetic conduction inner ring (2) is used for being connected with the hub (12);
the inner surface of the outer ring (8) is connected with the outer surface of the annular permanent magnet wheel; and
the outer ring (8) is provided with a hard rubber solid tire (6) on the outer surface.
2. The magnetic wheel structure of a maglev vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: the permanent magnet block comprises three small permanent magnet blocks, and comprises an inner layer and an outer layer, wherein one layer is axially divided into two small permanent magnet blocks.
3. The magnetic wheel structure of a maglev vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: the permanent magnet blocks comprise four small permanent magnet blocks, each permanent magnet block comprises an inner layer and an outer layer, and each layer is axially divided into two small permanent magnet blocks.
4. A magnetic wheel structure of a maglev vehicle according to claim 3 wherein: the heights of the permanent magnet small blocks of the inner layer and the permanent magnet small blocks of the outer layer are different.
5. A magnetic wheel structure of a maglev vehicle according to claim 3 wherein: the two small permanent magnet blocks positioned in the inner layer are a first permanent magnet block (4) and a fourth permanent magnet block (11), and the lengths of the first permanent magnet block (4) and the fourth permanent magnet block (11) are different.
6. A magnetic wheel structure of a maglev vehicle according to claim 3 wherein: the two small permanent magnet blocks positioned on the outer layer are a second permanent magnet block (5) and a third permanent magnet block (10), and the lengths of the second permanent magnet block (5) and the third permanent magnet block (10) are different.
7. A magnetic wheel structure of a maglev vehicle according to claim 3 wherein: the radial sections of the four small permanent magnet blocks are respectively a first permanent magnet block (4), a second permanent magnet block (5), a third permanent magnet block (10) and a fourth permanent magnet block (11) from the lower left corner in the clockwise direction; the lengths of the first permanent magnet block (4) and the fourth permanent magnet block (11) are different, and the lengths of the second permanent magnet block (5) and the third permanent magnet block (10) are different; the lengths of the first permanent magnet block (4) and the third permanent magnet block (10) are the same; the lengths of the second permanent magnet block (5) and the fourth permanent magnet block (11) are the same.
8. The magnetic wheel structure of a maglev vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: the permanent magnet blocks comprise at least five small permanent magnet blocks, each small permanent magnet block comprises at least three layers, and at least one layer is axially divided into at least two small permanent magnet blocks.
9. The magnetic wheel structure of a maglev vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: the magnetization directions of all the permanent magnet small blocks are the same.
10. The magnetic wheel structure of a maglev vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: carbon fiber (7) is also arranged between the outer ring (8) and the hard rubber solid tire (6) 。
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| CN202310220918.6A CN115891500B (en) | 2023-03-09 | 2023-03-09 | Magnetic wheel structure of magnetic suspension automobile |
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| CN202310220918.6A CN115891500B (en) | 2023-03-09 | 2023-03-09 | Magnetic wheel structure of magnetic suspension automobile |
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| CN115891500A CN115891500A (en) | 2023-04-04 |
| CN115891500B true CN115891500B (en) | 2023-05-12 |
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