CN115889419A - Method for effectively separating positive electrode material and aluminum foil from waste lithium battery - Google Patents
Method for effectively separating positive electrode material and aluminum foil from waste lithium battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN115889419A CN115889419A CN202211242022.XA CN202211242022A CN115889419A CN 115889419 A CN115889419 A CN 115889419A CN 202211242022 A CN202211242022 A CN 202211242022A CN 115889419 A CN115889419 A CN 115889419A
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 37
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010926 waste battery Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
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- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for effectively separating a positive electrode material and an aluminum foil from waste lithium batteries, belonging to the field of lithium battery recovery treatment. The method comprises the following steps: discharging a waste lithium ion battery in a NaCl solution with a certain concentration, and manually disassembling the discharged battery to obtain a positive plate; step two, placing the positive plate obtained in the step one and a cosolvent into a reactor for heating and temperature rise, and then introducing supercritical CO 2 Continuously stirring until the anode material is separated from the aluminum foil, removing pressure to collect waste gas, filtering and drying to obtain a mixture of the anode material and the aluminum foil(ii) a And step three, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation and sorting on the mixture of the anode material and the aluminum foil obtained in the step two to obtain the anode material. The method for separating the anode material and the aluminum foil from the waste lithium battery has the advantages of extremely high stripping rate, low cost, simple process and no environmental pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of lithium battery recovery and treatment, in particular to a method for effectively separating a positive electrode material and an aluminum foil from a waste lithium ion battery.
Background
With the increasing share of lithium ion batteries in the secondary battery market and the application of lithium ion batteries in electric vehicles, the recycling of waste batteries becomes necessary. As the number of used lithium ion batteries increases daily, the recovery and reuse of valuable metals from used lithium ion negative electrode materials is a unique business opportunity.
Generally, the recovery process of the waste lithium ion battery comprises pretreatment, active material separation and valuable metal recovery, wherein the pretreatment is the key for realizing the efficient recovery and utilization of the valuable metal. The positive electrode material and the aluminum foil in the positive electrode are tightly combined through polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), and the traditional process is difficult to separate. According to some reports, the purpose of isolating the positive electrode can be achieved by using special organic reagents such as N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) and N, N-dimethyl formamide (DMF) to dissolve a binder attached to the positive electrode, but the process generates a large amount of organic wastewater, and requires a large investment for equipment, so that a new method is urgently needed to replace the processes of high-temperature pyrolysis and dissolution of toxic organic solvents. A method for recovering battery-grade lithium carbonate from a positive electrode material of a lithium ion battery with publication number CN114256526A, comprising the following steps: discharging the lithium ion battery anode material, then disassembling an anode plate, removing the binder through high-temperature pyrolysis, and separating and enriching to obtain the anode material; after the enriched anode material is subjected to ammonia reduction conversion, washing and filtering treatment are carried out to obtain a lithium-rich aqueous solution; and heating and concentrating the filtrate, adding sodium carbonate for precipitation, and filtering to recover the battery-grade lithium carbonate. Although pyrolysis is a simple and effective method for decomposing the binder, some toxic gases may be generated in the pyrolysis process, the energy consumption of pyrolysis is high, the usage amount of chemical agents is large, and resource waste is caused. The publication number of CN114430081A discloses a method for separating a positive electrode active material and a current collector of a waste lithium battery, which comprises the following steps: (1) Discharging the waste lithium battery, disassembling the waste lithium battery, taking out the positive plate and cleaning the positive plate; (2) The cleaned positive plate is placed into a high-concentration strong alkaline solution to be fully soaked, so that the aluminum foil is basically separated from the positive active material; (3) Mechanical stirring or water flow flushing action is added to promote the positive active material and the aluminum foil current collector to be completely separated, the positive active material is sunk to the bottom of the solution, and the aluminum foil current collector floats on the upper part of the solution; (4) And filtering the aluminum foil floating on the upper part of the solution by using a large-mesh sieve net, washing the aluminum foil with clear water, collecting the aluminum foil, and collecting the reacted solution to obtain the positive active material. After being soaked by strong alkali, the aluminum foil is dissolved in alkali liquor, so that the recovery is difficult, the recovery cost is increased, and the subsequent wastewater treatment is difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for effectively separating a positive electrode material and an aluminum foil from a waste lithium ion battery. The invention puts the anode plate and the economic and nontoxic cosolvent into a reactor for heating and raising the temperature, and then the supercritical CO is introduced 2 Stirring, and finally carrying out ultrasonic oscillation separation to realize efficient separation of the anode material and the aluminum foil. Due to the characteristics of high efficiency, relatively low energy consumption and environmental friendliness, the method is expected to become an alternative pretreatment method. The new disassembling and separating mode avoids the problems of waste water discharge caused by using toxic organic solvent in the disassembling process and waste gas discharge and energy consumption caused by removing the binder through high-temperature pyrolysis, and skillfully solves the bottleneck problem of the recycling and industrial application of the waste lithium ion battery.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for effectively separating a positive electrode material and an aluminum foil from waste lithium batteries comprises the following steps:
discharging a waste lithium ion battery in a NaCl solution with a certain concentration, and manually disassembling the discharged battery to obtain a positive plate;
step two, placing the positive plate obtained in the step one and a cosolvent into a reactor for heating and warming, and then introducing supercritical CO 2 Continuously stirring until the anode material is separated from the aluminum foil, removing pressure, collecting waste gas, filtering and drying to obtain a mixture of the anode material and the aluminum foil;
and step three, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation and sorting on the mixture of the anode material and the aluminum foil obtained in the step two to obtain the anode material.
And (5) a solution with the mass fraction of NaCl being 20% in the first step.
And step two, the cosolvent comprises at least one of methyl glycol, glycerol and sorbitol.
Step two introducing supercritical CO 2 At 80-150 deg.c and 8-12 MPa.
Step two introducing supercritical CO 2 At 120 ℃ process temperature and 10MPa pressure.
In the second step, the stirring speed is 400-600r/min, and the stirring time is 10-30min.
And step three, placing the mixture of the anode material and the aluminum foil into an ultrasonic oscillator for oscillation sorting for 5-10min.
A method for effectively separating a positive electrode material and an aluminum foil from waste lithium batteries comprises the following steps:
discharging a waste lithium ion battery in a NaCl solution with the mass fraction of 20%, and manually disassembling the discharged battery to obtain a positive plate;
step two, introducing CO into a glycerol 5L solution reactor 2 And heating to 120 ℃, wherein the pressure is 10MPa, putting the positive plate obtained in the step one into the solution, and stirring at the rotating speed of 500r/min for 20min. Until the anode material is separated from the aluminum foil, filtering and drying to obtain a mixture of the anode material and the aluminum foil;
and step three, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation sorting on the mixture of the anode material and the aluminum foil obtained in the step two for 10min to obtain the anode material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the method of the invention uses supercritical CO in a breakthrough manner 2 The positive plate is heated with an economic and nontoxic cosolvent, so that the use of a toxic organic solvent in the recovery process is avoided, and no toxic wastewater is discharged in the whole process;
2. high temperature is not needed in the disassembling process, so that energy consumption and toxic gas emission are reduced;
3. according to experimental data, the method can realize high-efficiency separation of the cathode material and the aluminum foil, the stripping rate of the cathode material powder is 99.5% under the most preferable combination of the first step, the second step and the third step, and the separation efficiency is extremely high. The subsequent recycling is simple and convenient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the peeling rate between the positive electrode material and the aluminum foil in examples 1 to 9.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the present invention, the present invention is further illustrated below with reference to examples. But the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Example 1
Discharging a waste lithium ion battery in a NaCl solution with the mass fraction of 20% (to prevent the battery from being easily short-circuited and greatly releasing heat in the subsequent disassembling and crushing processes), and manually disassembling the discharged battery to obtain a positive plate;
step two, introducing CO into a reactor for 5L of methyl glycol solution 2 And heating to 80 ℃, wherein the pressure is 8MPa, putting the positive plate obtained in the step one into the solution, and stirring at the rotating speed of 400r/min for 30min. Until the anode material is separated from the aluminum foil, filtering and drying to obtain a mixture of the anode material and the aluminum foil;
and step three, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation sorting on the mixture of the anode material and the aluminum foil obtained in the step two for 5min to obtain the anode material. The stripping rate was calculated by dividing the mass of the positive electrode material after stripping by the mass of the positive electrode material before stripping multiplied by 100%. The positive electrode material powder peeling rate under this experimental condition was 97.1%.
Example 2
Discharging a waste lithium ion battery in a NaCl solution with the mass fraction of 20%, and manually disassembling the discharged battery to obtain a positive plate;
step two, introducing CO into a glycerol 5L solution reactor 2 And heating to 120 ℃, wherein the pressure is 10MPa, putting the positive plate obtained in the step one into the solution, and stirring at the rotating speed of 500r/min for 20min. Until the anode material is separated from the aluminum foil, filtering and drying to obtain a mixture of the anode material and the aluminum foil;
and step three, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation sorting on the mixture of the anode material and the aluminum foil obtained in the step two for 10min to obtain the anode material. The stripping rate was calculated by dividing the mass of the positive electrode material after stripping by the mass of the positive electrode material before stripping multiplied by 100%. The positive electrode material powder peeling rate under this experimental condition was 99.5%.
Example 3
Discharging a waste lithium ion battery in a NaCl solution with the mass fraction of 20%, and manually disassembling the discharged battery to obtain a positive plate;
step two, introducing CO into a sorbitol 5L solution reactor 2 And heating to 150 ℃, wherein the pressure is 12MPa, putting the positive plate obtained in the step one into the solution, and stirring at the rotating speed of 600r/min for 10min. Until the anode material is separated from the aluminum foil, filtering and drying to obtain a mixture of the anode material and the aluminum foil;
and step three, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation sorting on the mixture of the anode material and the aluminum foil obtained in the step two for 5min to obtain the anode material. The stripping rate was calculated by dividing the mass of the positive electrode material after stripping by the mass of the positive electrode material before stripping multiplied by 100%. The positive electrode material powder peeling rate under the present experimental conditions was 98.4%.
Example 4
Discharging a waste lithium ion battery in a NaCl solution with the mass fraction of 20%, and manually disassembling the discharged battery to obtain a positive plate;
step two, introducing CO into a glycerol 5L solution reactor 2 Heating to 80 deg.C under 8MPa, and mixing the obtained productThe pole piece is put into the solution, the stirring speed is 400r/min, and the stirring time is 30min. Until the anode material is separated from the aluminum foil, filtering and drying to obtain a mixture of the anode material and the aluminum foil;
and step three, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation sorting on the mixture of the anode material and the aluminum foil obtained in the step two for 10min to obtain the anode material. The peeling rate was calculated by dividing the mass of the positive electrode material after peeling by the mass of the positive electrode material before peeling by multiplying 100%. The positive electrode material powder peeling rate under this experimental condition was 99.1%.
Example 5
Discharging a waste lithium ion battery in a NaCl solution with the mass fraction of 20%, and manually disassembling the discharged battery to obtain a positive plate;
step two, introducing CO into a sorbitol 5L solution reactor 2 And heating to 120 ℃, wherein the pressure is 10MPa, putting the positive plate obtained in the step one into the solution, and stirring at the rotating speed of 500r/min for 20min. Until the anode material is separated from the aluminum foil, filtering and drying to obtain a mixture of the anode material and the aluminum foil;
and step three, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation sorting on the mixture of the anode material and the aluminum foil obtained in the step two for 5min to obtain the anode material. The peeling rate was calculated by dividing the mass of the positive electrode material after peeling by the mass of the positive electrode material before peeling by multiplying 100%. The positive electrode material powder peeling rate under this experimental condition was 98.7%.
Example 6
Discharging a waste lithium ion battery in a NaCl solution with the mass fraction of 20%, and manually disassembling the discharged battery to obtain a positive plate;
step two, introducing CO into a reactor for methyl glycol 5L solution 2 And heating to 150 ℃, wherein the pressure is 12MPa, putting the positive plate obtained in the step one into the solution, and stirring for 10min at the rotating speed of 600 r/min. Until the anode material is separated from the aluminum foil, filtering and drying to obtain a mixture of the anode material and the aluminum foil;
and step three, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation sorting on the mixture of the anode material and the aluminum foil obtained in the step two for 10min to obtain the anode material. The stripping rate was calculated by dividing the mass of the positive electrode material after stripping by the mass of the positive electrode material before stripping multiplied by 100%. The positive electrode material powder peeling rate under this experimental condition was 98.5%.
Example 7
Discharging a waste lithium ion battery in a NaCl solution with the mass fraction of 20%, and manually disassembling the discharged battery to obtain a positive plate;
step two, introducing CO into a sorbitol 5L solution reactor 2 And heating to 80 ℃, wherein the pressure is 8MPa, putting the positive plate obtained in the step one into the solution, and stirring at the rotating speed of 400r/min for 10min. Until the anode material is separated from the aluminum foil, filtering and drying to obtain a mixture of the anode material and the aluminum foil;
and step three, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation sorting on the mixture of the anode material and the aluminum foil obtained in the step two for 5min to obtain the anode material. The stripping rate was calculated by dividing the mass of the positive electrode material after stripping by the mass of the positive electrode material before stripping multiplied by 100%. The positive electrode material powder peeling rate under this experimental condition was 97.5%.
Example 8
Discharging a waste lithium ion battery in a NaCl solution with the mass fraction of 20%, and manually disassembling the discharged battery to obtain a positive plate;
step two, introducing CO into a reactor for methyl glycol 5L solution 2 And heating to 120 ℃, wherein the pressure is 10MPa, putting the positive plate obtained in the step one into the solution, and stirring at the rotating speed of 500r/min for 20min. Until the anode material is separated from the aluminum foil, filtering and drying to obtain a mixture of the anode material and the aluminum foil;
and step three, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation sorting on the mixture of the anode material and the aluminum foil obtained in the step two for 10min to obtain the anode material. The stripping rate was calculated by dividing the mass of the positive electrode material after stripping by the mass of the positive electrode material before stripping multiplied by 100%. The positive electrode material powder peeling rate under the present experimental conditions was 98.9%.
Example 9
Discharging a waste lithium ion battery in a NaCl solution with the mass fraction of 20%, and manually disassembling the discharged battery to obtain a positive plate;
step two, introducing CO into a glycerol 5L solution reactor 2 And heating to 150 ℃, wherein the pressure is 12MPa, putting the positive plate obtained in the step one into the solution, and stirring for 10min at the rotating speed of 600 r/min. Until the anode material is separated from the aluminum foil, filtering and drying to obtain a mixture of the anode material and the aluminum foil;
and step three, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation sorting on the mixture of the anode material and the aluminum foil obtained in the step two for 10min to obtain the anode material. The peeling rate was calculated by dividing the mass of the positive electrode material after peeling by the mass of the positive electrode material before peeling by multiplying 100%. The positive electrode material powder peeling rate under this experimental condition was 99.3%.
In summary, the powder peeling rates of the positive electrode materials of examples 1 to 9 are shown in fig. 1, and the preferred process conditions are: introduction of supercritical CO 2 And combining with a glycerol cosolvent, heating and stirring for 20min at the process temperature of 120 ℃ and under the pressure of 10MPa, and finally carrying out ultrasonic oscillation separation for 10min to obtain the anode material. The method disclosed by the invention is used for carrying out high-value effective stripping and recovery on the cathode material by heating an economical and nontoxic solution, stirring and finally carrying out ultrasonic oscillation sorting.
The invention has been described in detail with reference to specific embodiments and illustrative examples, but the description is not intended to limit the invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various equivalent substitutions, modifications or improvements may be made to the embodiments and implementations of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and are within the scope of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A method for effectively separating a positive electrode material and an aluminum foil from waste lithium batteries is characterized by comprising the following steps:
discharging a waste lithium ion battery in a NaCl solution with a certain concentration, and manually disassembling the discharged battery to obtain a positive plate;
step two, placing the positive plate obtained in the step one and a cosolvent into a reactor for heating and warming, and then introducing supercritical CO 2 Continuously stirring until the anode material is separated from the aluminum foil, removing pressure, collecting waste gas, filtering and drying to obtain a mixture of the anode material and the aluminum foil;
and step three, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation and sorting on the mixture of the anode material and the aluminum foil obtained in the step two to obtain the anode material.
2. The method for effectively separating the positive electrode material from the aluminum foil from the waste lithium batteries as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and (5) a solution with the mass fraction of NaCl being 20% in the first step.
3. The method for effectively separating a positive electrode material from an aluminum foil from waste lithium batteries as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and step two, the cosolvent comprises at least one of methyl glycol, glycerol and sorbitol.
4. The method for effectively separating a positive electrode material from an aluminum foil from waste lithium batteries as claimed in claim 1, wherein: step two introducing supercritical CO 2 At the process temperature of 80-150 ℃ and under the pressure of 8-12 MPa.
5. The method for effectively separating the positive electrode material from the aluminum foil from the waste lithium batteries as recited in claim 4, wherein: step two introducing supercritical CO 2 At 120 ℃ process temperature, 10MPa pressure.
6. The method for effectively separating the positive electrode material from the aluminum foil from the waste lithium batteries as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the second step, the stirring speed is 400-600r/min, and the stirring time is 10-30min.
7. The method for effectively separating the positive electrode material from the aluminum foil from the waste lithium batteries as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and step three, placing the mixture of the anode material and the aluminum foil into an ultrasonic oscillator for oscillation sorting for 5-10min.
8. The method for effectively separating the positive electrode material from the aluminum foil from the waste lithium batteries as claimed in claim 1, comprising the steps of:
discharging a waste lithium ion battery in a NaCl solution with the mass fraction of 20%, and manually disassembling the discharged battery to obtain a positive plate;
step two, introducing CO into a glycerol 5L solution reactor 2 Heating to 120 ℃, keeping the pressure at 10MPa, putting the positive plate obtained in the step one into the solution, stirring at the rotating speed of 500r/min for 20min until the positive material is separated from the aluminum foil, filtering and drying to obtain a mixture of the positive material and the aluminum foil;
and step three, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation sorting on the mixture of the anode material and the aluminum foil obtained in the step two for 10min to obtain the anode material, wherein the stripping rate of the anode material powder is 99.5%.
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