CN115888771A - Preparation method of red phosphorus/graphene aerogel capable of photocatalysis of VOC gas - Google Patents
Preparation method of red phosphorus/graphene aerogel capable of photocatalysis of VOC gas Download PDFInfo
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- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000007146 photocatalysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- -1 alkyl glycoside Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229930182470 glycoside Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 36
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 34
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- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 claims description 12
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of graphene aerogel, in particular to a preparation method of red phosphorus/graphene aerogel capable of photocatalysis VOC gas, which is characterized in that graphene oxide, alkyl glycoside, three-dimensional nano red phosphorus, ascorbic acid, stearic acid and the like are mixed to prepare the graphene aerogel, wherein the alkyl glycoside is used as a foaming agent to foam as a template, so that the three-dimensional structure of the graphene aerogel is more stable, the specific surface area of the graphene aerogel can be increased again by compounding the three-dimensional nano red phosphorus in the process, and meanwhile, in the process of preparing the graphene aerogel, dense and stable bubbles can be generated by quickly stirring by using the special structure and characteristics of the alkyl glycoside, so that graphene oxide nanosheets can be attached to bubbles and can be compounded with the three-dimensional nano red phosphorus; finally, the three-dimensional nano red phosphorus/graphene aerogel can be subjected to multiple times of cyclic elasticity tests without slag falling and three-dimensional structure damage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of graphene aerogel, in particular to a preparation method of red phosphorus/graphene aerogel capable of photocatalysis of VOC gas
Background
Solar energy has attracted considerable attention as a renewable energy source on earth, and the discipline of solar energy generation has been studied considerably. Since the 70's of the 20 th century, considerable research interest has been drawn to the use of semiconductor photocatalytic technology to address environmental concerns, as solar energy can be converted into chemical energy and environmentally friendly chemical processes implemented, including applications such as carbon dioxide reduction, pollutant degradation, sterilization, and disinfection.
However, the photocatalytic efficiency is largely determined by the physical and chemical properties of the semiconductor photocatalytic material. For example, tiO2 is used as a common photocatalyst, the material has a large band gap, and in most cases, ultraviolet rays are required to be excited to produce a photocatalytic effect, so that the utilization rate of sunlight is extremely low.
In recent years, many materials that can realize photocatalysis in the visible light band have been studied by researchers, for example, g-C3N4, ag3PO4, biVO4, and Bi2WO4, but these photocatalytic materials have almost all absorption edges of 400nm to 500nm and are relatively low in visible light utilization, i.e., about 43%. In past researches, red phosphorus has deep potential in the field of photocatalysis due to the characteristics of narrow band gap, excellent visible light response capability, no toxicity, rich reserves, and more stability and low price compared with white phosphorus and black phosphorus.
In practical applications, the separation of electron-hole pairs in the photocatalytic process is the cause of the degradation of organic pollutants. However, the recombination of the electron-hole pairs often occurs simultaneously, and the separation of the electron-hole pairs is restricted. Generally, in order to effectively promote the separation between charges, another semiconductor photocatalytic material is selected as a carrier to serve as an electron storage layer to accept electrons in an excited state, improve charge separation and improve photodegradation efficiency. In recent years, some conductive carbon materials such as graphene have a better work function than semiconductors, are smaller than the energy level of most semiconductor materials, and can accept electrons on a semiconductor conduction band so as to form a composite material with high degradation efficiency. In addition, the chemical inertness and stability of the carbon material are another advantage in photocatalytic applications. Among carbon materials, graphene aerogel, which is a three-dimensional carbon material appearing in recent years, has been widely used in the degradation of organic substances due to its high porosity, high specific surface area, and high adsorptivity.
Therefore, the method has very important significance in developing the photocatalytic composite material with narrow band gap, wide visible light absorption band and high specific surface area by combining red phosphorus and graphene aerogel.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of red phosphorus/graphene aerogel, which has the advantages of simple process, low cost, industrialization, narrow band gap, good photocatalysis effect and wide visible light absorption band, aiming at the problem that the photocatalytic composite material with narrow band gap and wide visible light absorption band can not be prepared in the past.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for preparing a red phosphorus/graphene aerogel of photocatalytic VOC gas, comprising the steps of:
s1: dissolving commercially available micron-sized red phosphorus in a mixed solvent of deionized water, ethylene glycol and sodium hydroxide, and mixing and stirring to obtain a uniform mixed solution;
s2: adding the mixed solution into a Teflon-lined stainless steel reaction kettle, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction to obtain nano red phosphorus red gel;
s3: separating the nano red phosphorus red gel by a centrifugal machine to obtain red precipitate, washing with deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol, transferring to a blast oven for drying after washing to obtain dried red phosphorus;
s4: transferring the dried red phosphorus to a vacuum tube furnace, and annealing in an argon atmosphere to obtain three-dimensional nanoscale red phosphorus;
s5: stirring a part of three-dimensional nano red phosphorus and a graphene oxide solution, adding ascorbic acid, alkyl glycoside and stearic acid, stirring until the solution foams and expands, and placing the solution in a forced air oven for reaction to obtain a sample;
s6: freezing the sample, thawing, and washing with deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol respectively after completely thawing;
s7: and directly putting the washed sample into a forced air drying oven for normal pressure drying, and then carrying out annealing treatment to obtain the red phosphorus/graphene aerogel.
Preferably, the ratio of deionized water, ethylene glycol and sodium hydroxide in the mixed solvent in the step S1 is 11:1:0.03, the ratio of red phosphorus to the mixed solvent is 1:20, wherein the deionized water and the ethylene glycol are calculated by volume (ml), the sodium hydroxide and the red phosphorus are calculated by mass (g), and the stirring time is 0.3-1 h.
Preferably, the temperature of the hydrothermal reaction in the step S2 is 180-220 ℃, and the hydrothermal reaction time is 18-36 h.
Preferably, in the step S3, the rotating speed of the separator is 3000-8000 r, the centrifugation time is 3-10 min, the washing is carried out for 2-5 times, the drying temperature is 60-80 ℃, and the drying time is 4-12 h.
Preferably, the annealing temperature in the step S4 is 380 ℃, and the annealing time is 1-2 h.
Preferably, in the step S5, the concentration of the graphene oxide solution is 8 to 32mg/mL, the sheet diameter of the graphene oxide is 10 to 50 μm, and the mass ratio of the ascorbic acid to the graphene oxide is (1.5 to 2.5): 1, the ratio of the alkyl glycoside to the graphene oxide can be (1-2): 1, wherein the alkyl glycoside is calculated by volume (ml) and the graphene oxide is calculated by mass (g); the mass of the polyurethane can be 0.1-0.5% of the mass of the graphene oxide.
Preferably, the rotation speed of the stirring in the step S5 is 900 to 2000r, and the stirring time is 0.5 to 1h.
Preferably, the solution in step S5 is foamed and expandable to 1.5 to 2.5 times of the original volume, and the reaction conditions in the blowing oven are as follows: reacting for 6-24 h at 30-95 ℃.
Preferably, the freezing temperature in the step S6 is-10 to-20 ℃, the freezing time is 4 to 12 hours, and the washing is performed for 2 to 5 times.
Preferably, the time of the atmospheric drying in the step S7 is 12 hours, the drying temperature is 55 ℃, the annealing temperature is 180 ℃ to 200 ℃, and the annealing time is 2 hours to 12 hours.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, graphene oxide, alkyl glycoside, three-dimensional nano red phosphorus, ascorbic acid, stearic acid and the like are mixed to prepare the graphene aerogel, the graphene aerogel has the characteristics of narrow band gap and wide visible light absorption band, and the characteristic of high specific surface area of the graphene aerogel has good application prospect and research value for photocatalytic degradation of VOC gases such as formaldehyde and toluene; in the preparation process, alkyl glycoside is used as a foaming agent to foam as a template, so that the three-dimensional structure of the graphene aerogel is more stable, the specific surface area of the graphene aerogel can be increased again by compounding three-dimensional nano red phosphorus in the process, and meanwhile, in the process of preparing the graphene aerogel, dense and stable bubbles can be generated by quickly stirring by using the special structure and characteristics of the alkyl glycoside, so that the graphene oxide nanosheet can be attached to the bubbles and can be compounded with the three-dimensional nano red phosphorus; finally, the three-dimensional nano red phosphorus/graphene aerogel can be subjected to multiple times of cyclic elasticity tests without slag falling and three-dimensional structure damage.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the preparation method of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a graph of cyclic stress-strain curves of the red phosphorus/graphene aerogel prepared in example one.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution:
a preparation method of red phosphorus/graphene aerogel capable of photocatalysis VOC gas comprises the following steps:
s1: dissolving commercially available micron-sized red phosphorus in a mixed solvent of deionized water, ethylene glycol and sodium hydroxide, and mixing and stirring to obtain a uniform mixed solution;
s2: adding the mixed solution into a Teflon-lined stainless steel reaction kettle, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction to obtain nano red phosphorus red gel;
s3: separating the nano red phosphorus red gel by a centrifugal machine to obtain red precipitate, washing with deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol, transferring to a blast oven for drying after washing to obtain dried red phosphorus;
s4: transferring the dried red phosphorus to a vacuum tube furnace, and annealing in an argon atmosphere to obtain three-dimensional nano red phosphorus;
s5: stirring a part of three-dimensional nano red phosphorus and a graphene oxide solution, adding ascorbic acid, alkyl glycoside and stearic acid, stirring until the solution foams and expands, and placing the solution in a forced air oven for reaction to obtain a sample;
s6: freezing the sample, then unfreezing, and flushing with deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol respectively after completely unfreezing;
s7: and directly putting the washed sample into a forced air drying oven for normal pressure drying, and then carrying out annealing treatment to obtain the red phosphorus/graphene aerogel.
Specifically, the ratio of deionized water, ethylene glycol and sodium hydroxide in the mixed solvent in the step S1 is 11:1:0.03, the ratio of red phosphorus to the mixed solvent is 1:20, wherein the deionized water and the ethylene glycol are calculated by volume (ml), the sodium hydroxide and the red phosphorus are calculated by mass (g), and the stirring time is 0.3-1 h.
Specifically, the temperature of the hydrothermal reaction in the step S2 is 180-220 ℃, and the hydrothermal reaction time is 18-36 h.
Specifically, in the step S3, the rotating speed of the separator is 3000-8000 r, the centrifugation time is 3-10 min, washing is carried out for 2-5 times, the drying temperature is 60-80 ℃, and the drying time is 4-12 h.
Specifically, the annealing temperature in the step S4 is 380 ℃, and the annealing time is 1-2 h.
Specifically, in step S5, the concentration of the graphene oxide solution is 8 to 32mg/mL, the sheet diameter of the graphene oxide is 10 to 50 μm, and the mass ratio of the ascorbic acid to the graphene oxide is (1.5 to 2.5): 1, the ratio of the alkyl glycoside to the graphene oxide can be (1-2): 1, wherein the alkyl glycoside is calculated in volume (ml) and the graphene oxide is calculated in mass (g); the mass of the polyurethane can be 0.1-0.5% of the mass of the graphene oxide.
Specifically, the rotation speed of stirring in the step S5 is 900-2000 r, and the stirring time is 0.5-1 h.
Specifically, in the step S5, the solution may be expanded to 1.5 to 2.5 times of the original volume by bubbling, and the reaction conditions in the forced air oven are as follows: reacting for 6-24 h at 30-95 ℃.
Specifically, the freezing temperature in the step S6 is-10 to-20 ℃, the freezing time is 4 to 12 hours, and the washing is carried out for 2 to 5 times.
Specifically, in the step S7, the drying time under normal pressure is 12 hours, the drying temperature is 55 ℃, the annealing temperature is 180-200 ℃, and the annealing time is 2-12 hours.
Referring to fig. 1-2, a first embodiment of the present application is:
s1: weighing 10g of commercially available micron-sized red phosphorus, dissolving the commercially available micron-sized red phosphorus in a mixed solvent containing 183.3ml of deionized water, 16.7ml of ethylene glycol and 0.5g of sodium hydroxide, and stirring for 30min;
s2: placing the mixed solution in a Teflon-lined stainless steel reaction kettle for hydrothermal reaction at the temperature of 180 ℃ for 30 hours to obtain nano red phosphorus red gel;
s3: placing the nanoscale red phosphorus red gel in a centrifuge for centrifugal separation at 8000 revolutions for 3min, washing with deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol for 5 times, transferring to a 75-DEG C blast oven after washing, and drying for 6h to obtain dried red phosphorus;
s4: transferring the dried red phosphorus into a vacuum tube furnace, and annealing in an argon atmosphere at 380 ℃ for 1.5h to obtain three-dimensional nanoscale red phosphorus;
s5: taking 1.6g of three-dimensional nano red phosphorus and 100mL of graphene oxide solution with the concentration of 32mg/mL, mixing the two solutions, stirring for 30min, adding 4.8g of ascorbic acid, 3.2mL of alkyl glycoside and 0.0032g of stearic acid, stirring at the rotating speed of 900-2000 revolutions until the volume of the solution expands to 2.5 times that of the original solution, and finally placing the foamed solution in a blast oven for reaction at the reaction temperature of 75 ℃ for 11h to obtain a sample;
s6: freezing the sample at-15 ℃ for 6h, thawing the frozen sample, and washing the frozen sample twice with deionized water and twice with absolute ethyl alcohol after completely thawing;
s7: and directly placing the washed sample into a forced air drying oven for normal pressure drying, wherein the normal pressure drying time is 12 hours, the drying temperature is 55 ℃, and then carrying out annealing treatment, wherein the annealing temperature is 200 ℃, and the annealing time is 4 hours, so as to obtain the red phosphorus/graphene aerogel.
Referring to fig. 1, the second embodiment of the present application is:
s1: weighing 5g of commercially available micron-sized red phosphorus, dissolving the commercially available micron-sized red phosphorus in a mixed solvent containing 91.7ml of deionized water, 8.3ml of ethylene glycol and 0.25g of sodium hydroxide, and stirring for 30min;
s2: placing the mixed solution in a Teflon-lined stainless steel reaction kettle for hydrothermal reaction at 220 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain nano red phosphorus red gel;
s3: placing the nanoscale red phosphorus red gel in a centrifuge for centrifugal separation at 8000 revolutions for 3min, washing with deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol for 5 times, transferring to a blast oven at 80 ℃, and drying for 4h to obtain dried red phosphorus;
s4: transferring the dried red phosphorus into a vacuum tube furnace, and annealing in an argon atmosphere at 380 ℃ for 1h to obtain three-dimensional nanoscale red phosphorus;
s5: taking 0.4g of three-dimensional nano red phosphorus and 50mL of graphene oxide solution with the concentration of 8 mg/mL, mixing the two solutions, stirring for 60min, adding 1g of ascorbic acid, 0.8mL of alkyl glycoside and 0.002g of stearic acid, stirring at the rotating speed of 1500 revolutions until the volume of the solution expands to be 1.5 times of the volume of the original solution, and finally placing the foamed solution in a blast oven for reaction at the reaction temperature of 80 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain a sample;
s6: freezing the sample at-20 ℃ for 12h, thawing the frozen sample, washing the frozen sample twice with deionized water after completely thawing, and washing the sample twice with absolute ethyl alcohol;
s7: and directly placing the washed sample into a forced air drying oven for normal pressure drying, wherein the normal pressure drying time is 12 hours, the drying temperature is 55 ℃, then carrying out annealing treatment, the annealing temperature is 200 ℃, and the annealing time is 2 hours, thus obtaining the red phosphorus/graphene aerogel.
Referring to fig. 1, a third embodiment of the present application is:
s1: weighing 6g of commercially available micron-sized red phosphorus, dissolving the commercially available micron-sized red phosphorus in a mixed solvent containing 110ml of deionized water, 10ml of ethylene glycol and 0.3g of sodium hydroxide, and stirring for 30min;
s2: placing the mixed solution in a Teflon-lined stainless steel reaction kettle for hydrothermal reaction at 220 ℃ for 20 hours to obtain nano red phosphorus red gel;
s3: placing the nanoscale red phosphorus red gel in a centrifuge for centrifugal separation at the rotating speed of 6000 revolutions for 5min, then washing for 3 times by using deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol, transferring the washed gel into a blast oven at the temperature of 80 ℃, and drying for 4h to obtain dried red phosphorus;
s4: transferring the dried red phosphorus to a vacuum tube furnace, and annealing in an argon atmosphere at 380 ℃ for 1h to obtain three-dimensional nanoscale red phosphorus;
s5: taking 1g of three-dimensional nanoscale red phosphorus and 50mL of graphene oxide solution, wherein the concentration of the graphene oxide solution is 20mg/mL, mixing the two solutions, stirring for 60min, adding 2g of ascorbic acid, 1.66mL of alkyl glycoside and 0.003g of stearic acid, stirring at a rotation speed of 900-1500 revolutions until the volume of the solution is expanded to be 2 times that of the original solution, and finally placing the foamed solution in a blowing oven for reaction at the reaction temperature of 80 ℃ for 12h to obtain a sample;
s6: freezing the sample at-18 ℃ for 6h, thawing the frozen sample, and washing the frozen sample twice with deionized water and twice with absolute ethyl alcohol after completely thawing;
s7: and directly placing the washed sample into a forced air drying oven for normal pressure drying, wherein the normal pressure drying time is 12 hours, the drying temperature is 55 ℃, then carrying out annealing treatment, the annealing temperature is 200 ℃, and the annealing time is 2 hours, thus obtaining the red phosphorus/graphene aerogel.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of red phosphorus/graphene aerogel capable of photocatalysis VOC gas is characterized by comprising the following steps: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1: dissolving commercially available micron-sized red phosphorus in a mixed solvent of deionized water, ethylene glycol and sodium hydroxide, and mixing and stirring to obtain a uniform mixed solution;
s2: adding the mixed solution into a Teflon-lined stainless steel reaction kettle, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction to obtain nano red phosphorus red gel;
s3: separating the nano red phosphorus red gel by a centrifugal machine to obtain red precipitate, washing with deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol, transferring to a blast oven for drying after washing to obtain dried red phosphorus;
s4: transferring the dried red phosphorus to a vacuum tube furnace, and annealing in an argon atmosphere to obtain three-dimensional nanoscale red phosphorus;
s5: stirring a part of three-dimensional nano red phosphorus and a graphene oxide solution, adding ascorbic acid, alkyl glycoside and stearic acid, stirring until the solution foams and expands, and placing the solution in a forced air oven for reaction to obtain a sample;
s6: freezing the sample, thawing, and washing with deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol respectively after completely thawing;
s7: and directly putting the washed sample into a blast drying oven for normal pressure drying, and then carrying out annealing treatment to obtain the red phosphorus/graphene aerogel.
2. The method for preparing red phosphorus/graphene aerogel of photocatalytic VOC gas according to claim 1, wherein: the ratio of deionized water, glycol and sodium hydroxide in the mixed solvent in the step S1 is 11:1:0.03, the ratio of red phosphorus to the mixed solvent is 1:20, wherein the deionized water and the ethylene glycol are calculated by volume (ml), the sodium hydroxide and the red phosphorus are calculated by mass (g), and the stirring time is 0.3-1 h.
3. The method for preparing red phosphorus/graphene aerogel of photocatalytic VOC gas according to claim 1, wherein: the temperature of the hydrothermal reaction in the step S2 is 180-220 ℃, and the hydrothermal reaction time is 18-36 h.
4. The method for preparing red phosphorus/graphene aerogel of photocatalytic VOC gas according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S3, the rotating speed of the separator is 3000-8000 r, the centrifugation time is 3-10 min, the washing is carried out for 2-5 times, the drying temperature is 60-80 ℃, and the drying time is 4-12 h.
5. The method for preparing red phosphorus/graphene aerogel of photocatalytic VOC gas according to claim 1, wherein: the annealing temperature in the step S4 is 380 ℃, and the annealing time is 1-2 h.
6. The method for preparing red phosphorus/graphene aerogel of photocatalytic VOC gas according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S5, the concentration of the graphene oxide solution is 8-32 mg/mL, the sheet diameter of the graphene oxide is 10-50 μm, and the mass ratio of the ascorbic acid to the graphene oxide is (1.5-2.5): 1, the ratio of the alkyl glycoside to the graphene oxide can be (1-2): 1, wherein the alkyl glycoside is calculated in volume (ml) and the graphene oxide is calculated in mass (g); the mass of the polyurethane can be 0.1-0.5% of the mass of the graphene oxide.
7. The method for preparing the red phosphorus/graphene aerogel capable of photo-catalyzing VOC gas according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps: the rotating speed of stirring in the step S5 is 900-2000 r, and the stirring time is 0.5-1 h.
8. The method for preparing the red phosphorus/graphene aerogel capable of photo-catalyzing VOC gas according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps: in the step S5, the solution can be expanded to 1.5 to 2.5 times of the original volume after being foamed, and the reaction conditions in the air-blast oven are as follows: reacting for 6-24 h at 30-95 ℃.
9. The method for preparing red phosphorus/graphene aerogel of photocatalytic VOC gas according to claim 1, wherein: the freezing temperature in the step S6 is-10 to-20 ℃, the freezing time is 4 to 12 hours, and the washing times are 2 to 5.
10. The method for preparing the red phosphorus/graphene aerogel capable of photo-catalyzing VOC gas according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps: in the step S7, the drying time under normal pressure is 12 hours, the drying temperature is 55 ℃, the annealing temperature is 180-200 ℃, and the annealing time is 2-12 hours.
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