CN115885902A

CN115885902A - Ecological breeding method of macrobrachium rosenbergii

Info

Publication number: CN115885902A
Application number: CN202211427956.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王梽明; 张爱英; 林浩然; 黄旭雄; 戴习林
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2022-11-15
Filing date: 2022-11-15
Publication date: 2023-04-04

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of shrimp culture equipment, and discloses a macrobrachium rosenbergii ecological breeding method, which comprises the steps of adjusting a culture pond to enable the culture pond to be suitable for ecological culture of macrobrachium rosenbergii, arranging oxygenation and heating equipment, controlling a transmission controller to be meshed with a first screw rod through a transmission control switch, driving a second baffle plate main body to move up and down through the first screw rod by using the transmission controller, overlapping an isolation net on the top of the second baffle plate main body, isolating flea-shaped larvae of the shrimps from sludge by using the isolation net, keeping the shrimps away from a desilting plate, mechanically driving one side of a pull rope with a rotating shaft and the pull rope, fixedly assembling one side of the pull rope with the desilting plate, and slidably sleeving the other side of the pull rope with the pull rope, so that the rotating shaft can drive the pull rope to move in a reciprocating mode, and when the sludge is pushed to one side by the desilting plate, the filter gauze can be taken down to enable water flow to naturally clean the sludge, thereby solving the problem that in the traditional culture method that the death rate of feeding the macrobrachium rosenbergii can be increased by reducing the proper amount of bait.

Description

Ecological breeding method of macrobrachium rosenbergii

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of shrimp culture equipment, in particular to an ecological breeding method of macrobrachium rosenbergii.

Background

Macrobrachium rosenbergii is an animal of Macrobrachium of the family Pandaliaceae. The body is large, the body length of the largest male individual can reach 400 millimeters, and the body length can usually reach 150-200 millimeters after 1 year of cultivation. The frontal angle is long, the length of the frontal angle is usually shortened along with the age, the tail end exceeds the tail edge of the scale, the base part is provided with a cockscomb-shaped bulge, the tail half upwarps upwards, the upper edge is provided with 12-15 teeth, the teeth at the cockscomb part are arranged more closely, and the tail half teeth are arranged more sparsely.

During the cultivation period of the larval flea, a great amount of artificial bait is fed, which inevitably causes the accumulation of residual bait and excrement, thereby polluting the water quality, during the cultivation period of the larval flea, the requirement on the water quality is high, the requirement on the water quality needs to be ensured, and the pond water is continuously oxygenated, so that the water quality can be in a turbid state, while in the traditional cultivation method, in order to reduce the water quality pollution, the death rate of the larval flea of the shrimp is increased by properly reducing the bait feeding method, or the dredging tool is used for dredging, while in the dredging process of the common dredging tool, because the tool cannot be avoided from contacting with the larval flea of the shrimp, the larval of the shrimp is killed, the applicant also applies 2021302952 automatic bait feeding machine (for aquaculture) and participates in the research of two patents of 2022203305 and 2022201547, and the research on the high efficiency and the low risk of the research on the basic technology of the future research on the high-rate bait and the dredging technology of the macrobrachium rosenbergii.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides an ecological breeding method of macrobrachium rosenbergii, which has the advantages of high efficiency and low risk of dredging and solves the problems in the background technology.

The invention provides the following technical scheme: an ecological breeding method of macrobrachium rosenbergii comprises the following steps:

step S1: adjusting the culture pond to make the culture pond suitable for ecological culture of the macrobrachium rosenbergii, and arranging an oxygenation device, a heating device and a water inlet and drainage system;

step S2: feeding flea larvae of the shrimps, feeding the flea larvae with bait, starting to feed fairy shrimp nauplii after the flea larvae of the shrimps are hatched, and increasing the feed intake along with the continuous molting and growth of the flea larvae, wherein the feed intake can be increased at the moment;

and step S3: water quality management, wherein the requirement on water quality is high in the cultivation period of the shrimp and flea-shaped larvae, the requirement on water quality needs to be ensured, dissolved oxygen is preferably 4mg/L, oxygen is continuously filled into the pond, the pond water is in a flowing and circulating state, a water inlet pipe needs to be kept in a micro-flowing state, sewage discharge equipment is used every day for cleaning for 2-3 times, water is changed periodically, and the ratio of seawater to fresh water is adjusted during water discharge and change to create a good environment for the growth and development of the flea-shaped larvae;

and step S4: the method comprises the following steps of desalting the young shrimps to gradually adapt to a freshwater living environment, cultivating the grown shrimps in freshwater, growing flea-shaped larvae of the grown shrimps in a water body with certain salinity, desalting the cultivated young shrimps to gradually adapt to the freshwater living environment, desalting the flea-shaped larvae when the flea-shaped larvae are transformed into the young shrimps, and taking out the non-transformed flea-shaped larvae in a pool before desalting the young shrimps for centralized cultivation to promote the transformation of the flea-shaped larvae; during desalination treatment, the temperature of pond water is gradually regulated, so that the water temperature of the shrimps discharged from the pond is close to the external water temperature, and conditions are created for the shrimps discharged from the pond to breed and improve the adaptability to the external environment;

step S5: and (5) harvesting after maturation.

Preferably, step S2 or S3 specifically includes cultivates the pond, the outer wall of cultivating the pond is provided with the motor, the top of motor is provided with transmission controller, transmission controller ' S top is provided with the transmission control switch, transmission controller ' S bottom is provided with first lead screw, pivot and second lead screw respectively, the bottom of first lead screw and second lead screw all is fixed to be equipped with the base, the inner chamber of cultivating the pond is provided with first baffle subassembly and second baffle subassembly respectively, the outer edge of cultivating the pond is provided with the support, the top bottom outer wall fixed mounting of support has the slide bar, the outer edge of slide bar has cup jointed drive assembly, drive assembly ' S bottom fixed mounting has the link, the bottom fixed mounting of link has the storage food chamber, the bottom fixed mounting of storage food chamber has throws the food mouth.

Preferably, step S1 specifically includes cultivates the pond, the both sides outer wall of cultivating the pond has seted up inlet opening and apopore respectively, the outer fixed water pump that is equipped with along of inlet opening, the end fixed aeration pond that is equipped with of the end of intaking of water pump, the inner chamber fixed aeration pump that is equipped with in aeration pond, the end fixed inlet tube that is equipped with of intaking in aeration pond, the top fixed assembly in aeration pond has the apron, the outer fixed outlet pipe that is equipped with along of outer edge of apopore, the mounting groove has all been seted up to the both sides inner wall of cultivating the pond, the inner wall fixed assembly of mounting groove has the filtration cardboard, the inner wall slip of filtering the cardboard has cup jointed the filtration gauze.

Preferably, the first baffle assembly comprises a first baffle main body, a dredging plate is arranged at the top of the first baffle main body, an inner cavity of the dredging plate is provided with, a first inner thread groove and a first circular groove are respectively formed in the top of the first baffle main body, and the first screw rod is sleeved on the inner wall of the first circular groove and is in threaded connection with the first inner thread groove through the second screw rod.

Preferably, the second baffle assembly comprises a second baffle main body, a second circular groove and a second inner thread groove are formed in the top of the second baffle main body respectively, a supporting plate is fixedly assembled on the inner wall of the second baffle main body, an isolation net is lapped on the top of the second baffle main body, the first screw rod is in threaded connection with the second inner thread groove, and the second screw rod is sleeved on the inner wall of the second circular groove.

Preferably, the rotating shaft is in mechanical transmission with the pull rope, one side of the pull rope is fixedly assembled with the dredging plate, and the other side of the pull rope is in sliding sleeve joint with the pull rope.

Preferably, the motor is meshed with the first screw rod, the rotating shaft and the second screw rod through the transmission controller, and the motor is meshed with the transmission controller, the first screw rod, the rotating shaft and the second screw rod through the transmission control switch to control the transmission controller.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the method for ecologically breeding the macrobrachium rosenbergii comprises the steps that a transmission control switch is used for controlling a transmission controller to be meshed with a first screw rod, the transmission controller is used for driving a second baffle main body to move up and down through the first screw rod, an isolation net is lapped at the top of the second baffle main body, the isolation net is used for isolating shrimp flea larvae from sludge, the shrimps are far away from a dredging plate, the shrimp is mechanically driven through a rotating shaft and a pull rope, one side of the pull rope is fixedly assembled with the dredging plate, the other side of the pull rope is in sliding sleeve joint with the pull rope, the rotating shaft can drive the pull rope to move in a reciprocating mode, when the dredging plate pushes the sludge to one side of a water outlet pipe, a filter gauze can be taken down, the sludge can be naturally cleaned through water flow, and therefore the problem that the death rate of the shrimp flea larvae can be increased by properly reducing bait feeding in order to reduce water pollution in a traditional breeding method, or a fishing tool can be used for dredging can be solved, and when an ordinary dredging tool is used for dredging tool cannot be contacted with the shrimp flea larvae, the shrimp flea larvae can be dead problem that the shrimp larvae can not be caused.

2. This ecological breeding method of macrobrachium rosenbergii, it sets up in breeding the pond top to be the S-shaped through the slide bar, store up edible chamber through the remote control, make and store up edible chamber and pass through drive assembly and slide bar mechanical transmission, thereby make and store up edible chamber and remove to the different regions of breeding the pond top, through throwing the edible mouth, the foodstuff that makes to store up edible intracavity chamber and deposit can carry out the ration and put in, make the convenience that the foodstuff was put in increase, avoided breeding the pond when too big, the foodstuff is put in inhomogeneously, lead to the foodstuff local accumulational problem to appear, on the other hand puts in the position and the input time through predetermineeing the storage edible chamber, can reduce the cost that artifical foodstuff was put in.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the isolation net of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of the cultivation pond of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the structure at A in FIG. 3 according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a first baffle assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the structure at B in FIG. 5 according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a slide bar structure according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a cultivation pond; 2. a water inlet hole; 3. a water outlet hole; 4. a water pump; 5. an oxygenation pool; 6. a water inlet pipe; 7. an oxygenation pump; 8. a cover plate; 9. a water outlet pipe; 10. mounting grooves; 11. a base; 12. filtering the cardboard; 13. filtering the gauze; 14. a motor; 15. a transmission controller; 16. a transmission control switch; 17. a first lead screw; 18. a rotating shaft; 19. a second lead screw; 20. a first baffle plate assembly; 2001. a first baffle body; 2002. a dredging plate; 2003. pulling a rope; 2004. a first internally threaded groove; 2005. a first circular groove; 21. a second baffle assembly; 2101. a second baffle main body; 2102. a second circular groove; 2103. a second internally threaded groove; 2104. a support plate; 2105. an isolation net; 22. a support; 23. a slide bar; 24. a drive assembly; 25. a connecting frame; 26. a food storage cavity; 27. and (4) feeding the food.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-7, an ecological breeding method of macrobrachium rosenbergii comprises the following steps:

step S1: adjusting the culture pond 1 to ensure that the culture pond 1 is suitable for ecological culture of macrobrachium rosenbergii, providing oxygenation and heating equipment and a water inlet and drainage system, wherein the optimal salinity of a water body is 12-14%;

step S2: feeding flea larvae of the shrimps, feeding the flea larvae with bait, starting feeding fairy shrimp nauplii after the flea larvae are hatched for 2 to 3 days, and increasing the food intake along with the continuous molting and growth of the flea larvae, wherein the feed intake can be increased at the moment;

and step S3: water quality management, wherein the requirement on water quality is high in the cultivation period of the larval flea of the shrimp, the requirement on water quality needs to be guaranteed, dissolved oxygen is preferably 4mg/L, oxygen is continuously filled into the pond, the pond water is in a flowing and circulating state, a water inlet pipe 6 needs to be kept in a micro-flowing state, sewage discharge equipment is used every day for cleaning for 2 to 3 times, water is changed periodically, and the proportion of seawater and fresh water is adjusted when the water is changed, so that a good environment is created for the growth and development of the larval flea;

and step S4: the method comprises the following steps of (1) desalting the young shrimps to gradually adapt to a fresh water living environment, wherein the adult shrimps are cultured in fresh water, and flea larvae of the adult shrimps need to grow in a water body with certain salinity, so that the cultured young shrimps need to be desalted to gradually adapt to the fresh water living environment, more than 90% of flea larvae are transformed into young shrimps, and the freshwater shrimps are desalted, wherein the desalting method comprises the following steps: fresh water is gradually added into the culture pond 1 to reduce the salinity of the pond water, the specific gravity of the pond water can be adjusted from 1.008 to 1.004 at first, then is reduced to 1.002, and finally is reduced to 1.000, the whole desalination time is finished within 48 to 72 hours, before the juvenile shrimps are desalinated, the flea-shaped larvae which are not metamorphotic in the pond are taken out firstly, and are cultured in a centralized way to promote the metamorphosis of the flea-shaped larvae; during desalination treatment, the temperature of pond water is gradually regulated, so that the water temperature of the shrimps discharged from the pond is close to the external water temperature, and conditions are created for the shrimps discharged from the pond to breed and improve the adaptability to the external environment;

step S5: and (5) harvesting after maturation.

The step S2 or S3 specifically includes a cultivation pool 1, a motor 14 is disposed on an outer wall of the cultivation pool 1, a transmission controller 15 is disposed on a top of the motor 14, a transmission control switch 16 is disposed on a top of the transmission controller 15, a first lead screw 17, a rotating shaft 18 and a second lead screw 19 are disposed on a bottom of the transmission controller 15, a base 11 is fixedly assembled on bottoms of the first lead screw 17 and the second lead screw 19, a first baffle assembly 20 and a second baffle assembly 21 are disposed in an inner cavity of the cultivation pool 1, a support 22 is disposed on an outer edge of the cultivation pool 1, a sliding rod 23 is fixedly assembled on an outer wall of a bottom end of the top of the support 22, a driving assembly 24 is sleeved on an outer edge of the sliding rod 23, a connecting frame 25 is fixedly assembled on a bottom of the driving assembly 24, a food storage cavity 26 is fixedly assembled on a bottom of the connecting frame 25, a food feeding port 27 is fixedly assembled on the bottom of the food storage cavity 26, the food storage cavity 26 is remotely controlled, the food storage cavity 26 can be moved to different areas above the cultivation pool 1 through the driving assembly 24, and food feeding port 27 can be quantitatively fed into an inner cavity 26.

Wherein, step S1 specifically includes cultivates pond 1, cultivate the both sides outer wall in pond 1 and seted up inlet opening 2 and apopore 3 respectively, the outer edge fixed assembly of inlet opening 2 has water pump 4, the fixed assembly of inlet end of water pump 4 has oxygenation pond 5, the inner chamber fixed assembly of oxygenation pond 5 has oxygenation pump 7, the fixed assembly of inlet end of oxygenation pond 5 has inlet tube 6, the fixed assembly of top of oxygenation pond 5 has apron 8, the outer edge fixed assembly of apopore 3 has outlet pipe 9, cultivate the both sides inner wall of pond 1 and all seted up mounting groove 10, the inner wall fixed assembly of mounting groove 10 has filtration cardboard 12, the inner wall slip of filtration cardboard 12 has cup jointed filtration gauze 13, through the filtration gauze 13 that filters cardboard 12 inner wall setting, make the shrimp can not follow outlet pipe 9 and discharge along with water, through water pump 4, make water accessible inlet tube 6 flow to cultivate pond 1 inner chamber, thereby make water realize flowing, through oxygenation pump 7, make water realize independent oxygenation in oxygenation pond 5 inner chamber, avoid oxygenation pump 7 to cultivate pond 1 inner chamber, lead to the water appearing rolling, lead to the problem that water and damage the shrimp.

The first baffle assembly 20 comprises a first baffle body 2001, a dredging plate 2002 is arranged at the top of the first baffle body 2001, 2203 is arranged in an inner cavity of the dredging plate 2002, a first internal thread groove 2004 and a first circular groove 2005 are respectively formed in the top of the first baffle body 2001, a second lead screw 19 is in threaded connection with the first internal thread groove 2004, a first lead screw 17 is sleeved on the inner wall of the first circular groove 2005 and is in threaded connection with the first internal thread groove 2004 through the second lead screw 19, the second lead screw 19 can drive the first baffle body 2001 to move up and down, the dredging plate 2002 can move through a pull rope 2003 through mechanical transmission of a rotating shaft 18 and the pull rope 2003, dredging can be achieved through the dredging plate 2002 in an inner cavity of the cultivation pool 1, and when the dredging plate 2002 pushes sludge to one side of the water outlet pipe 9, the filter gauze 13 can be taken down, and water flow can naturally clear the sludge.

The second baffle assembly 21 comprises a second baffle main body 2101, a second circular groove 2102 and a second internal thread groove 2103 are respectively formed in the top of the second baffle main body 2101, a supporting plate 2104 is fixedly assembled on the inner wall of the second baffle main body 2101, a separation net 2105 is lapped on the top of the second baffle main body 2101, a first lead screw 17 is in threaded connection with the second internal thread groove 2103, a second lead screw 19 is sleeved on the inner wall of the second circular groove 2102, the first lead screw 17 is in threaded connection with the second internal thread groove 2103, the first lead screw 17 can drive the second baffle main body 2101 to move up and down, when the device is desilted, the separation net 2105 can be driven by the second baffle main body to lift up, and the shrimps are far away from the desilting plate 2002.

The rotating shaft 18 and the pull rope 2003 are in mechanical transmission, one side of the pull rope 2003 is fixedly assembled with the dredging plate 2002, and the other side of the pull rope 2003 is in sliding sleeve connection with the pull rope 2003, so that the rotating shaft 18 can drive the pull rope 2003 to move in a reciprocating mode.

The motor 14 is meshed with the first screw rod 17, the rotating shaft 18 and the second screw rod 19 through the transmission controller 15, the transmission controller 15 is controlled to be meshed among the motor 14, the transmission controller 15, the first screw rod 17, the rotating shaft 18 and the second screw rod 19 through the transmission control switch 16, and by means of the arrangement, the motor 14 can be respectively meshed with the first screw rod 17, the rotating shaft 18 and the second screw rod 19, so that one transmission controller 15 can realize three-structure operation.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An ecological breeding method of macrobrachium rosenbergii is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

step S1: adjusting the culture pond (1) to make the culture pond (1) suitable for ecological culture of the macrobrachium rosenbergii, and arranging an oxygenation device, a heating device and a water inlet and drainage system;

and step S3: water quality management, wherein the requirement on water quality is high in the cultivation period of the shrimp flea-shaped larvae, the requirement on water quality needs to be ensured, dissolved oxygen is preferably 4mg/L, oxygen is continuously filled into the pond, the pond water is in a flowing and circulating state, a water inlet pipe (6) needs to be kept in a micro-flowing state, sewage discharge equipment is used every day for cleaning for 2-3 times, water is changed periodically, and the ratio of seawater to fresh water is adjusted when the water is drained and changed, so that a good environment is created for the growth and development of the flea-shaped larvae;

step S5: and (5) harvesting after maturation.

2. The ecological breeding method of macrobrachium rosenbergii as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: step S2 or S3 specifically include breeding pond (1), the outer wall of breeding pond (1) is provided with motor (14), the top of motor (14) is provided with transmission controller (15), the top of transmission controller (15) is provided with transmission control switch (16), the bottom of transmission controller (15) is provided with first lead screw (17), pivot (18) and second lead screw (19) respectively, the bottom of first lead screw (17) and second lead screw (19) all is fixed and is equipped with base (11), the inner chamber of breeding pond (1) is provided with first baffle subassembly (20) and second baffle subassembly (21) respectively, the outer edge of breeding pond (1) is provided with support (22), the top bottom outer wall fixed assembly of support (22) has slide bar (23), the outer edge of slide bar (23) has cup jointed drive assembly (24), the bottom fixed assembly of drive assembly (24) has link (25), the bottom fixed assembly of link (25) has storage food chamber (26), the bottom fixed food throwing mouth (27) of storage chamber (26) has been equipped with.

3. The ecological breeding method of macrobrachium rosenbergii according to claim 1, characterized in that: step S1 specifically includes cultivates pond (1), inlet opening (2) and apopore (3) have been seted up respectively to the both sides outer wall of cultivating pond (1), the outer edge fixed mounting of inlet opening (2) has water pump (4), the end fixed mounting of intaking of water pump (4) has oxygenation pond (5), the inner chamber fixed mounting of oxygenation pond (5) has oxygenation pump (7), the end fixed mounting of intaking of oxygenation pond (5) has inlet tube (6), the top fixed mounting of oxygenation pond (5) has apron (8), the outer edge fixed mounting of apopore (3) has outlet pipe (9), mounting groove (10) have all been seted up to the both sides inner wall of cultivating pond (1), the inner wall fixed mounting of mounting groove (10) has filtration cardboard (12), the inner wall slip of filtering cardboard (12) has cup jointed and has filtered gauze (13).

4. The ecological breeding method of macrobrachium rosenbergii according to claim 2, characterized in that: the first baffle plate assembly (20) comprises a first baffle plate main body (2001), a dredging plate (2002) is arranged at the top of the first baffle plate main body (2001), a cavity of the dredging plate (2002) is provided with (2203), a first inner thread groove (2004) and a first circular groove (2005) are respectively formed at the top of the first baffle plate main body (2001), and a first lead screw (17) is sleeved on the inner wall of the first circular groove (2005) and is in threaded connection with the first inner thread groove (2004) through a second lead screw (19).

5. The ecological breeding method of macrobrachium rosenbergii according to claim 2, characterized in that: the second baffle assembly (21) comprises a second baffle main body (2101), a second circular groove (2102) and a second inner thread groove (2103) are respectively formed in the top of the second baffle main body (2101), a supporting plate (2104) is fixedly assembled on the inner wall of the second baffle main body (2101), an isolation net (2105) is lapped on the top of the second baffle main body (2101), a first screw rod (17) is in threaded connection with the second inner thread groove (2103), and a second screw rod (19) is sleeved on the inner wall of the second circular groove (2102).

6. The ecological breeding method of macrobrachium rosenbergii according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that: the rotating shaft (18) is in mechanical transmission with a pull rope (2003), one side of the pull rope (2003) is fixedly assembled with the dredging plate (2002), and the other side of the pull rope (2003) is in sliding sleeve joint with the pull rope (2003).

7. The ecological breeding method of macrobrachium rosenbergii according to claim 2, characterized in that: the motor (14) is meshed with the first screw rod (17), the rotating shaft (18) and the second screw rod (19) through the transmission controller (15), and the transmission controller (15) is controlled to be meshed among the motor (14), the transmission controller (15), the first screw rod (17), the rotating shaft (18) and the second screw rod (19) through the transmission control switch (16).