CN115882514B - New energy power system and network construction integrated converter cluster aggregation control method - Google Patents

New energy power system and network construction integrated converter cluster aggregation control method Download PDF

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CN115882514B
CN115882514B CN202310119692.0A CN202310119692A CN115882514B CN 115882514 B CN115882514 B CN 115882514B CN 202310119692 A CN202310119692 A CN 202310119692A CN 115882514 B CN115882514 B CN 115882514B
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power
power generation
generation unit
synchronous generator
distributed energy
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CN115882514A (en
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邓卫
李毅丰
裴玮
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Institute of Electrical Engineering of CAS
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Abstract

The invention provides a method for controlling aggregation of a network-following integrated converter cluster in a new energy power system, which comprises the following steps: obtaining an output power response curve of the synchronous generator according to the power characteristic of the synchronous generator; the output power of a power generation unit of the distributed energy system is equivalent, so that the response characteristic of the output power is equivalent to a virtual synchronous generator, and a swing equation of the virtual synchronous generator is obtained; constructing a power curve and distributing a power instruction; constructing a local and networking unified control method; and designing a power instruction distribution coefficient in the network construction integrated control method. According to the method, all power generation units are subjected to aggregation control, and an integrated control method with the advantages of the traditional networking and network following control strategies is constructed.

Description

New energy power system and network construction integrated converter cluster aggregation control method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a power system, and particularly relates to a method for controlling aggregation of a grid-connected integrated converter cluster in a new energy power system.
Background
In order to reduce global energy crisis and irreversible climate change, renewable energy power generation technologies such as photovoltaic power generation have been rapidly developed in the past decade. The current new energy system is connected with the grid in a grid-following mode, namely, the output power is fixed according to the designated active and reactive power instruction, and the control is simple. However, since the grid-controlled inverter does not have inertia of the synchronous generator, the inertia is greatly affected by system load fluctuation and transition of the operation mode.
Fig. 1 depicts a typical distributed energy system structure, wherein a plurality of loads are distributed on an ac bus, a synchronous generator is connected to the ac bus, which is equivalent to G1, a power generation unit is connected in parallel with an energy storage unit, and is connected to the ac system through a voltage-source converter (VSC), and S1, S2, … Sn are the capacities of the units respectively. At present, each power generation unit can be connected into an alternating current power grid through two control methods of a follow-up grid type and a grid-structured grid type, and has relatively strong power tracking capability and network supporting capability respectively. However, when the ac system is weak, load fluctuation occurs, and it is difficult to maintain stable operation of the system with the grid-connected control method, and it is difficult to adjust the power output in time with the grid-connected control method.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a method for controlling aggregation of a network-following integrated converter cluster in a new energy power system. The method comprises the steps of firstly, aggregating power generation units in a distributed energy system, enabling an aggregated power output curve to be equivalent to a virtual synchronous generator, and simulating the external characteristics of the synchronous generator. On the basis, the integrated control method for constructing the network with the network is designed, and the functions of each power generation unit are actively regulated and controlled, so that the power generation units provide a power following function and a power grid supporting function according to requirements, and meanwhile, the power generation units are subjected to the scheduling of an equivalent power curve, so that the function switching of the power generation units following the network environment is realized, and the load of a power grid system is reduced.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for controlling aggregation of a network-following integrated converter cluster in a new energy power system comprises the following steps:
s1, according to synchronous generator
Figure SMS_1
Obtaining the output power response curve of the synchronous generator; equivalent power output by a power generation unit of the distributed energy system is carried out, so that the response characteristic of the power output is equivalent to a virtual synchronous generator model +.>
Figure SMS_2
And obtain a virtual synchronous generator model->
Figure SMS_3
Is a rocking equation of (2);
s2, constructing a power curve and distributing a power instruction;
s3, constructing a local networking unified control method;
s4, designing a power instruction distribution coefficient in the integrated control method of the network structure.
Further, in S1, for a synchronous generator
Figure SMS_4
The rocking equation is as follows:
Figure SMS_5
(1)/>
wherein ,
Figure SMS_6
the unit is rad/s for the mechanical angular velocity of the rotor; />
Figure SMS_7
For the moment of inertia of the rotor in +.>
Figure SMS_8
；/>
Figure SMS_9
For unbalanced torque acting on the rotor shaft, the unit is +.>
Figure SMS_10
I.e. the prime mover mechanical torque omitting windage friction etc losses +.>
Figure SMS_11
And generator electromagnetic torque>
Figure SMS_12
A difference between;
according to formula (1), the power generation units of the distributed energy system are aggregated and simplified into a virtual synchronous generator model
Figure SMS_13
Obtaining a virtual synchronous generator model->
Figure SMS_14
The rocking equation of (2) is:
Figure SMS_15
(2)
wherein ,
Figure SMS_16
equivalent moment of inertia after aggregation for power generation units of a distributed energy system +.>
Figure SMS_17
Which is the equivalent unbalanced torque.
Further, in the step S2, when the load in the distributed energy system is disturbed, there are:
Figure SMS_18
(3)
wherein ,
Figure SMS_19
as the system power variation, by the simultaneous equations (1-3), we get:
Figure SMS_20
(4)
thereby obtaining a virtual synchronous generator model
Figure SMS_21
Is +.>
Figure SMS_22
The output power response curve is +.>
Figure SMS_23
Weighting processing is carried out according to the capacity of each power generation unit to obtain a power instruction of each power generation unit;
assuming that S1, S2, … Sn are the capacities of the power generation units of the 1 st, 2 nd, … n th distributed energy systems, respectively, it will
Figure SMS_24
The power command is decomposed into power commands of each period:
Figure SMS_25
(5)
wherein ,
Figure SMS_26
、/>
Figure SMS_27
、…/>
Figure SMS_28
the power command values are the power command values of the power generation units of the 1 st, 2 nd and … n distributed energy systems, and the power command values are issued to the power generation units of the 1 st, 2 nd and … n distributed energy systems through the synchronous phasor measurement unit after the power command values are obtained;
if the power generation units of p distributed energy systems cannot accept the schedule, the sum of the capacities is
Figure SMS_29
Then the power command of the acceptable dispatch power generation units is reassigned according to equation (6):
Figure SMS_30
(6)
wherein ,
Figure SMS_31
is the m-th power generation unit receiving the power instruction.
Further, the step S3 includes: according to the power instructions of the power generation units of the distributed energy systems obtained in the step S2, a local control method integrated with the network structure is designed, and the following constraint relation is established:
Figure SMS_32
(7)
Figure SMS_33
(8)
by following the power reference value of the net type control module
Figure SMS_34
And a grid-formed control module power reference value +.>
Figure SMS_35
Calculating the current reference input value of the follow-net and net-structure control loop>
Figure SMS_36
and />
Figure SMS_37
：
Figure SMS_38
(9)
Figure SMS_39
(10)
Calculating a follow-up network and a network construction control loop voltage reference input value through kirchhoff's law:
Figure SMS_40
(11)
Figure SMS_41
(12)
wherein ,
Figure SMS_43
、/>
Figure SMS_45
output current and output voltage of the photovoltaic grid-connected converter respectively, R c +jL c Output filter impedance for converter, +.>
Figure SMS_48
、/>
Figure SMS_44
Virtual input currents for inputting the following net type control module GFL and the net construction type control module GFM; />
Figure SMS_46
and />
Figure SMS_47
The control system is respectively a following net type control module GFL and a net structured control module GFMIs a virtual impedance of (a);
Figure SMS_49
control loop voltage reference input value for off-grid control, < >>
Figure SMS_42
The control loop voltage reference input value is controlled for the network.
Further, the step S4 includes: according to the output power instruction obtained in S2, when the power generation unit is in the pure grid-following mode, the grid-following control module is enabled to have a power reference value
Figure SMS_50
Directly distributing power instructions to each power generation unit; when the power generation unit is in the integrated mode of networking with the net, the power generation unit comprises: />
Figure SMS_51
(13)
And adjusting the distribution coefficient of the network following and constructing power instructions according to the power instructions and the rated capacity of the power generation unit to execute control.
The beneficial effects are that:
the method for controlling the aggregation of the grid-connected integrated converter clusters in the new energy power system can control all power generation units in the distributed energy system in an aggregation mode, so that the output power curve of the aggregation system fits with the synchronous generator curve. Meanwhile, the integrated control method for networking is provided, so that the power generation unit has the power tracking capability, the frequency and voltage supporting capability of the two methods, and the application scene of the new energy power generation unit is expanded. According to the method, all power generation units are subjected to aggregation control, and an integrated control method with the advantages of the two power generation units is constructed on the basis of a traditional networking and network following control strategy. The invention reduces the complexity of the system, increases the stability of the system, can provide active supporting capability for a new energy power system with small inertia and weak damping, and provides important support for the development of a distributed energy system, thereby having wide market prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a typical distributed energy system;
FIG. 2 is a graph of synchronous generator output power response;
FIG. 3 is an equivalent structural diagram of a distributed energy system;
FIG. 4 is a simplified block diagram of a distributed energy system;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a local control architecture integrated with a netbook.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, the technical features of the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
The invention relates to a cluster aggregation control method for a network-following integrated converter in a new energy power system, which comprises the following specific steps:
s1, according to the power characteristics of the synchronous generator, a synchronous generator output power response curve shown in fig. 2 can be obtained, wherein P is synchronous generator output power. According to fig. 2, the output power of the power generation unit of the distributed energy system is equivalent, so that the response characteristic of the output power is equivalent to a virtual synchronous generator, and a swing equation of the virtual synchronous generator is obtained. The equivalent distributed energy system structure is shown in fig. 3, G is an abbreviation of Generator, and represents a Generator.
For synchronous generators
Figure SMS_52
The rocking equation is as follows:
Figure SMS_53
(1)
wherein ,
Figure SMS_54
for rotor machinesAngular velocity (in rad/s); />
Figure SMS_55
For the moment of inertia of the rotor (unit->
Figure SMS_56
）；
Figure SMS_57
For unbalanced torque acting on the rotor shaft (unit +.>
Figure SMS_58
) I.e. the prime mover mechanical torque omitting windage friction etc losses +.>
Figure SMS_59
And generator electromagnetic torque>
Figure SMS_60
And (3) a difference.
According to formula (1), the power generation units of the distributed energy system in fig. 3 are aggregated and simplified into a virtual synchronous generator model
Figure SMS_61
A simplified distributed energy system is shown in fig. 4. Virtual synchronous generator model->
Figure SMS_62
The rocking equation of (2) is:
Figure SMS_63
(2)
wherein ,
Figure SMS_64
equivalent moment of inertia after aggregation for power generation units of a distributed energy system +.>
Figure SMS_65
Which is the equivalent unbalanced torque.
S2, constructing a power curve and distributing a power instruction. When load disturbance occurs in the distributed energy system, there are:
Figure SMS_66
(3)
wherein ,
Figure SMS_67
as the system power variation, by the simultaneous equations (1-3), it is possible to obtain:
Figure SMS_68
(4)
thus, a virtual synchronous generator model can be obtained
Figure SMS_69
Is +.>
Figure SMS_70
The output power response curve is +.>
Figure SMS_71
The power command of each power generation unit can be obtained by performing weighting processing according to the capacity of each power generation unit.
Assuming that S1, S2, … Sn are the capacities of the power generation units of the 1 st, 2 nd, … n th distributed energy systems, respectively, it will
Figure SMS_72
The power command is decomposed into power commands of each period:
Figure SMS_73
(5)
wherein ,
Figure SMS_74
、/>
Figure SMS_75
、…/>
Figure SMS_76
and the power command values are the power command values of the power generation units of the 1 st, 2 nd and … n distributed energy systems, and the power command values are issued to the power generation units of the 1 st, 2 nd and … n distributed energy systems through a synchronous phasor measurement unit (phasor measurement unit, PMU). />
If the power generation units of p distributed energy systems cannot accept the schedule, the sum of the capacities is
Figure SMS_77
Then the power command of the acceptable dispatch power generation units is reassigned according to equation (6):
Figure SMS_78
(6)
wherein ,
Figure SMS_79
and the generating unit is an m-th generating unit for receiving the power instruction.
S3, constructing a local networking unified control method. According to the power command of the power generation unit of each distributed energy system obtained in the step S2, the invention further designs a local control method integrated with the network structure, and the control structure is shown in figure 5.
In fig. 5, GFL and GFM are a heel-net type control module and a grid-built control module,
Figure SMS_82
、/>
Figure SMS_87
output current and output voltage of the photovoltaic grid-connected converter, respectively, +.>
Figure SMS_88
Output filter impedance for converter, +.>
Figure SMS_81
、/>
Figure SMS_84
Virtual input currents for inputting the following net type control module GFL and the net construction type control module GFM; />
Figure SMS_85
and />
Figure SMS_86
Virtual impedance of the follow-net control module GFL and the net-constructed control module GFM respectively; />
Figure SMS_80
and />
Figure SMS_83
The voltage is output by a following net type control module GFL and a net structured control module GFM; c is a system output capacitor, R is the internal resistance of the filter, and L is the inductance of the filter.
According to fig. 5, the following constraint relationship is established:
Figure SMS_89
(7)
Figure SMS_90
(8)
the converter is connected with the power grid, so that the output voltage of the photovoltaic grid-connected converter
Figure SMS_91
Clamped by the system, whereby the module power reference value can be controlled by the quantity +.>
Figure SMS_92
and />
Figure SMS_93
Calculating the current reference input value of the follow-net and net-structure control loop>
Figure SMS_94
and />
Figure SMS_95
：
Figure SMS_96
(9)
Figure SMS_97
(10)
According to fig. 3, the following-net, net-build control loop voltage reference input value can be calculated by kirchhoff's law:
Figure SMS_98
(11)
Figure SMS_99
(12)
wherein ,
Figure SMS_100
control loop voltage reference input value for off-grid control, < >>
Figure SMS_101
The control loop voltage reference input value is controlled for the network. />
S4, designing a power instruction distribution coefficient in the integrated control method. According to the output power instruction obtained in S2, when the power generation unit is in the pure-heeled net mode, the power generation unit is started to
Figure SMS_102
Directly distributing power instructions to each power generation unit; when the power generation unit is in the integrated mode of networking with the net, the power generation unit comprises:
Figure SMS_103
(13)
and (5) performing control according to the power command and the rated capacity adjustment of the power generation unit and the network following/constructing ratio.
It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims (1)

1. A method for controlling aggregation of a network-following integrated converter cluster in a new energy power system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, according to synchronous generator
Figure QLYQS_1
Obtaining the output power response curve of the synchronous generator; equivalent power generation unit output power of the distributed energy system, so that the response characteristic of the power generation unit output power is equivalent to a virtual synchronous generator model
Figure QLYQS_2
And obtain a virtual synchronous generator model->
Figure QLYQS_3
Is a rocking equation of (2); for synchronous generators->
Figure QLYQS_4
The rocking equation is as follows:
Figure QLYQS_5
(1)
wherein ,
Figure QLYQS_6
the unit is rad/s for the mechanical angular velocity of the rotor; />
Figure QLYQS_7
For the moment of inertia of the rotor in +.>
Figure QLYQS_8
；
Figure QLYQS_9
For unbalanced torque acting on the rotor shaft, the unit is +.>
Figure QLYQS_10
I.e. prime mover mechanical torque omitting windage friction losses +.>
Figure QLYQS_11
And generator electromagnetic torque>
Figure QLYQS_12
A difference between;
according to formula (1), the power generation units of the distributed energy system are aggregated and simplified into a virtual synchronous generator model
Figure QLYQS_13
Obtaining a virtual synchronous generator model->
Figure QLYQS_14
The rocking equation of (2) is:
Figure QLYQS_15
(2)
wherein ,
Figure QLYQS_16
equivalent moment of inertia after aggregation for power generation units of a distributed energy system +.>
Figure QLYQS_17
An imbalance torque equivalent thereto;
s2, constructing a power curve and distributing a power instruction; when load disturbance occurs in the distributed energy system, there are:
Figure QLYQS_18
(3)
wherein
Figure QLYQS_19
As the system power variation, by the simultaneous equations (1-3), we get:
Figure QLYQS_20
(4)
thereby obtaining a virtual synchronous generator model
Figure QLYQS_21
Is +.>
Figure QLYQS_22
The output power response curve is +.>
Figure QLYQS_23
Weighting processing is carried out according to the capacity of each power generation unit to obtain a power instruction of each power generation unit;
assuming that S1, S2, … Sn are the capacities of the power generation units of the 1 st, 2 nd, … n th distributed energy systems, respectively, it will
Figure QLYQS_24
The power command is decomposed into power commands of each period: />
Figure QLYQS_25
(5)
wherein ,
Figure QLYQS_26
、/>
Figure QLYQS_27
、…/>
Figure QLYQS_28
the power command value of the power generation unit of the 1 st, 2 nd and … n distributed energy system is used for obtaining powerAfter the instruction, the instruction is issued to the power generation units of the 1 st, 2 nd and … n distributed energy systems through the synchronous phasor measurement unit;
if the power generation units of p distributed energy systems cannot accept the schedule, the sum of the capacities is
Figure QLYQS_29
Then the power command of the acceptable dispatch power generation units is reassigned according to equation (6):
Figure QLYQS_30
(6)
wherein ,
Figure QLYQS_31
the power generation unit is used for receiving a power instruction;
s3, constructing a local networking unified control method; according to the power instructions of the power generation units of the distributed energy systems obtained in the step S2, a local control method integrated with the network structure is designed, and the following constraint relation is established:
Figure QLYQS_32
(7)
Figure QLYQS_33
(8)
by following the power reference value of the net type control module
Figure QLYQS_34
And a grid-formed control module power reference value +.>
Figure QLYQS_35
Calculating the current reference input value of the follow-net and net-structure control loop>
Figure QLYQS_36
and />
Figure QLYQS_37
：
Figure QLYQS_38
(9)
Figure QLYQS_39
(10)
Calculating a follow-up network and a network construction control loop voltage reference input value through kirchhoff's law:
Figure QLYQS_40
(11)
Figure QLYQS_41
(12)
wherein ,
Figure QLYQS_44
、/>
Figure QLYQS_46
output current and output voltage of the photovoltaic grid-connected converter, respectively, +.>
Figure QLYQS_49
Output filter impedance for converter, +.>
Figure QLYQS_43
、/>
Figure QLYQS_45
Virtual input currents for inputting the following net type control module GFL and the net construction type control module GFM;
Figure QLYQS_48
and />
Figure QLYQS_50
Virtual impedance of the follow-net control module GFL and the net-constructed control module GFM respectively; />
Figure QLYQS_42
For the voltage reference input value of the off-grid control loop, < >>
Figure QLYQS_47
A voltage reference input value for a networking control loop;
s4, designing a power instruction distribution coefficient in a unified control method of networking; according to the output power instruction obtained in S2, when the power generation unit is in the pure grid-following mode, the grid-following control module is enabled to have a power reference value
Figure QLYQS_51
Directly distributing power instructions to each power generation unit; when the power generation unit is in the integrated mode of networking with the net, the power generation unit comprises:
Figure QLYQS_52
(13)
and adjusting the distribution coefficient of the network following and constructing power instructions according to the power instructions and the rated capacity of the power generation unit to execute control.
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