CN115874756A - Integrated assembly type reverse-beating stone outer wall component, production process and construction method - Google Patents
Integrated assembly type reverse-beating stone outer wall component, production process and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115874756A CN115874756A CN202211639084.4A CN202211639084A CN115874756A CN 115874756 A CN115874756 A CN 115874756A CN 202211639084 A CN202211639084 A CN 202211639084A CN 115874756 A CN115874756 A CN 115874756A
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- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 155
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006332 epoxy adhesive Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 210000003195 fascia Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006327 polystyrene foam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
- Y02A30/244—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation using natural or recycled building materials, e.g. straw, wool, clay or used tires
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Abstract
The invention provides an integrated assembly type reverse-beating stone exterior wall component, a production process and a construction method, wherein the integrated assembly type reverse-beating stone exterior wall component comprises the following components: the stone material veneer, the stress claw nails, the outer leaf plates, the heat insulation plates, the beam members and the inner leaf plates; the stone veneer is fixedly provided with a plurality of stress claws, the outer leaf plate is arranged on the inner side of the stone veneer, the heat insulation plate is arranged on the inner side of the outer leaf plate, the beam member is arranged on the upper part of the inner side of the heat insulation plate, and the inner leaf plate is arranged on the inner side of the heat insulation plate and below the beam member; the stress claw nails are anchored at the opening of the stone facing, penetrate through the outer leaf plate and the heat insulation plate, and are anchored at the tail part of the stone facing in the inner leaf plate. The integrated assembly type reverse-beating stone exterior wall component meets the assembly requirement of integrating a building exterior wall component, a structural frame beam, heat preservation and stone exterior decoration.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building structure engineering, in particular to an integrated assembly type reverse-beating stone exterior wall component, a production process and a construction method.
Background
At present, the transformation from the traditional building to the industrialized building is greatly promoted in China. In the traditional building, most of work needs to be finished on a construction site, the problems of long construction period, heavy environmental pollution, large stacking field, shortage of constructors and the like exist, and the method becomes a barrier for inhibiting the progress of the building industry. The traditional masonry outer wall mainly adopts light aerated concrete blocks, is constructed in a traditional masonry mode, is low in cost and low in construction efficiency, and is the mainstream choice of non-fabricated buildings. For the assembled outer wall, two methods of embedding and externally hanging are generally adopted, the two processes are separated from a structure body at present, installation is needed after structure construction is completed, manpower and construction period are occupied, and certain influence is caused on the construction efficiency of the assembled building. Meanwhile, for high-end buildings pursuing quality, the stone exterior finish is a high-quality choice, and the stone is heavy and needs to be subjected to dry hanging or reverse beating. The wet-stick process is limited by safety and can only be achieved at a certain height. The dry hanging process mainly needs to install the light steel keel on the existing structural outer skin and fix the stone plate on the keel, and is contrary to the assembly thinking because the curtain wall keel needs to be installed in site construction.
The reverse beating process is that when the wall board is manufactured, the stone facing is reversely buckled and concrete is poured to form the outer leaf board. If the bearing of the outer blade plate is considered, the plate is thicker, the outer hanging plate is generally processed, namely the outer hanging plate is connected with the structural beam through the fastener hanging points to transfer force. The similar curtain of side fascia, it is whole all to bulge building structure component outline generally, consequently the air entrainment piece masonry interior wall or prefabricated panel interior wall and interior limit of structural component are done flat in inside still simultaneously, also play heat preservation and interior veneer effect. This is equivalent to the same outer wall needs to be constructed twice, and is more complicated. If the bearing of the inner blade plate is considered, the outer blade plate is thin and only has the function of bonding and fixing the stone exterior trim, and is connected with the bearing inner blade plate through embedded parts such as anchor rods, and therefore the inner blade plate and the outer blade plate are made of concrete, the self weight is large, the inner blade plate needs to be embedded and processed, the requirement on lifting equipment is high, and meanwhile, the installation is very difficult due to the large weight. Considering that the steel structural member is very convenient to position and install through the bolt, the steel structural member can be used for assisting in the installation of the outer wall, follows the idea of an assembly type building, and combines the structure and the building outer wall into an integrated product.
In view of the above requirements, there is a need for an integrated assembly type exterior wall with an integrated structure, a building exterior wall, a thermal insulation, and a stone facing, which can have great quality and cost competitiveness in an assembly type market oriented by industrialization and standardization.
Disclosure of Invention
One object of the present invention is to provide an integrated fabricated exterior wall component of an integrated structure, a building exterior wall, a thermal insulation and a stone facing.
The invention further aims to provide a production process and a construction method of the novel integrated assembly type inverted-beating stone exterior wall component.
In particular, a first aspect of the present invention provides an integrated assembly type inverse-beating stone exterior wall component, wherein the integrated assembly type inverse-beating stone exterior wall component comprises:
the stone material veneer, the stress claw nails, the outer leaf plates, the heat insulation plates, the beam members and the inner leaf plates; the stone veneer is fixedly provided with a plurality of stress claw nails, the outer leaf plate is arranged on the inner side of the stone veneer, the heat insulation plate is arranged on the inner side of the outer leaf plate, the beam component is arranged on the upper part of the inner side of the heat insulation plate, and the inner leaf plate is arranged on the inner side of the heat insulation plate and below the beam component;
the stress claw nails are used for anchoring the stone facing at the opening, penetrate through the outer leaf plate and the heat insulation plate and are used for anchoring the tail part in the inner leaf plate.
Optionally, the outer louver is a reinforced concrete outer louver;
the heat-insulating plate is a polymer heat-insulating material plate;
the beam member is a partially-coated steel-concrete composite beam;
the inner blade plate is a reinforced concrete inner blade plate.
Optionally, the left and right sides of the concrete area of the beam member, the reinforced concrete inner blade plate protrude outwards relative to the left and right sides of the outer blade plate, respectively;
the underside of the concrete region of the reinforced concrete inner leaf is retracted inwardly relative to the underside of the outer leaf;
the left, right and lower sides of the reinforcing bars of the reinforced concrete inner blade plate protrude outward with respect to the opposite sides of the concrete region of the reinforced concrete inner blade plate, respectively.
Optionally, the reinforced concrete outer leaf comprises a single layer of steel mesh;
the reinforced concrete inner blade plate comprises double layers of steel bars.
Optionally, the partially-clad steel-concrete composite beam comprises an upper flange plate, a lower flange plate and a web plate, wherein the upper flange plate and the lower flange plate are arranged in parallel at intervals, and the upper end and the lower end of the web plate are respectively fixed with the upper flange plate and the lower flange plate; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the partially clad steel-concrete composite beam further comprises: the upper end of the first tie bar is fixed with the upper flange plate, and the lower end of the first tie bar extends beyond the lower flange plate and is lapped with the longitudinal bar of the steel bar of the reinforced concrete inner blade plate; the upper end of the second tie bar is fixed with the upper flange plate, and the lower end of the second tie bar is fixed with the lower flange plate.
Optionally, the integrated assembled reverse-beating stone exterior wall component further comprises:
the reinforcing claw nails are fixedly arranged on the stone facing, the stone facing is anchored at the opening, and the tail parts of the reinforcing claw nails are anchored in the outer leaf plates; wherein, a plurality of atress nails and a plurality of enhancement nails are crisscross, evenly arranged.
Optionally, the stressed nails are V-shaped nails;
the reinforcing claw nail is an M-shaped claw nail.
Optionally, the thickness of the stone veneer is not less than 25mm; and/or
The diameter of the stressed claw nail and/or the reinforced claw nail is not less than 4mm; and/or
The spacing of the anchoring holes for anchoring the stress claw nails and/or the reinforcing claw nails on the stone facing is 90-110 mm; and/or
The angle of the stress claw nails embedded into the stone facing is approximately 45 degrees, the length of the stress claw nails embedded into the stone facing is not less than 18mm, and the vertical depth of the stress claw nails embedded into the stone facing is not more than 70 percent of the thickness of the stone facing.
The second aspect of the invention provides a production process of the integrated assembly type inverse beating stone exterior wall component, which comprises the following steps:
the outer side of the stone facing faces the mounting surface and is laid according to the grade;
stress claw nails are arranged on the inner sides of the stone facing, so that the stress claw nails can anchor the stone facing at the opening;
binding the reinforcing steel bars of the outer blade plates, and pouring concrete;
laying a heat insulation plate on the outer leaf plate;
the upper part of the inner side of the heat insulation plate is fixedly arranged on a semi-finished beam member which is poured with concrete and faces to the mounting surface;
binding the steel bars of the inner leaf plates below the semi-finished beam component;
and pouring concrete to the semi-finished beam component and the reinforcing steel bars of the inner blade plate together to obtain the integrated assembly type reverse-beating stone outer wall component.
The third aspect of the present invention provides a construction method of the integrated assembly type inverse beating stone exterior wall component, including the following steps:
splicing the integrated assembly type reverse-beating stone outer wall component and the column component;
pouring concrete in gaps between the left side and the right side of the integrated assembly type reverse-beating stone outer wall component and the column component to form a concrete constructional column;
and pouring concrete at the bottom of the integrated assembly type reverse-beating stone outer wall component and the floor together to finish construction.
The integrated assembly type reverse-beating stone outer wall component comprises a stone facing, a stress claw nail, an outer leaf plate, a heat insulation plate, a beam component and an inner leaf plate, wherein the stress claw nail is anchored at an opening of the stone facing, penetrates through the outer leaf plate and the heat insulation plate, and is anchored in the inner leaf plate at the tail part, so that the reverse-beating stone outer wall component meets the assembly requirement of integrating a building outer wall component, a structural frame beam, heat insulation and stone outer decoration into a whole, and can have great quality and cost competitiveness in an assembly type market which is oriented in an industrialized and standardized mode; through setting up atress claw nail, on transmitting the load of outer leaf board and stone material veneer to the girder steel through interior leaf board, realized utilizing interior leaf board bearing, compare with utilizing outer leaf board bearing, the bearing is more reasonable, and the atress performance is more reliable.
Furthermore, the beam member of the integrated assembly type inverse beating stone outer wall member is a partially-coated steel-concrete combined beam, and the wall and the beam are integrated through the characteristics of the steel-concrete combined member to form a high-quality outer wall member.
Furthermore, the integrated assembly type reverse-beating stone outer wall component has the advantages that the prefabrication degree of the integrated assembly type reverse-beating stone outer wall component is improved through the integrated beam component and the left side, the right side and the lower side are provided with the hollow spaces, the site wet operation is less during construction, the standardization degree is high, the construction speed is high, and other procedures are not influenced.
The above and other objects, advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of specific embodiments thereof, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Some specific embodiments of the invention will be described in detail hereinafter, by way of illustration and not limitation, with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numbers in the drawings identify the same or similar elements or components. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an integrated assembly type inverse dozen stone exterior wall component according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 isbase:Sub>A sectional view taken along linebase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a stressed claw nail.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the fitting structure of the reinforcing claw nails and the stone veneer.
Fig. 5 to 10 are schematic structural views illustrating a process of manufacturing the integrated fabricated inverse-dozen stone exterior wall component of fig. 1, wherein fig. 5 is to provide stress claws on a stone veneer, fig. 6 is to provide reinforcing bars of an outer blade plate on fig. 5, fig. 7 is to cast the reinforcing bars of fig. 6 with concrete to form the outer blade plate, fig. 8 is to lay an insulation board on fig. 7, fig. 9 is to provide reinforcing bars of a semi-finished beam component and an inner blade plate on fig. 8, and fig. 10 is to cast fig. 9 with concrete to form the integrated fabricated inverse-dozen stone exterior wall component.
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the integrated assembly type inverse dozen stone outer wall member and the column member of fig. 1 when they are installed.
Fig. 12 is a schematic flow chart of a production process of the integrated assembly type reverse-beating stone exterior wall component of fig. 1.
Fig. 13 is a flow chart illustrating a construction method of the integrated assembly type inverse dozen stone exterior wall component of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an integrated assembly type inverse dozen stone exterior wall component 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 isbase:Sub>A sectional view taken along linebase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A of fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of the stressed claw 201. Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the engaging structure of the reinforcing claw 202 and the stone veneer 101.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an integrated assembly type inverse dozen stone exterior wall component 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the stone veneer 101, the stress nails 201, the outer blade plate 102, the heat insulation plate 103, the beam member 104 and the inner blade plate 105; wherein, a plurality of stress claw nails 201 are fixedly arranged on the stone veneer 101, the outer blade plate 102 is arranged at the inner side of the stone veneer 101, the heat insulation plate 103 is arranged at the inner side of the outer blade plate 102, the beam member 104 is arranged at the upper part of the inner side of the heat insulation plate 103, and the inner blade plate 105 is arranged at the inner side of the heat insulation plate 103 and below the beam member 104; wherein, the stress claw nails 201 are anchored on the stone facing 101 at the opening, penetrate through the outer leaf plate 102 and the insulation board 103, and are anchored in the inner leaf plate 105 at the tail part. The integrated assembly type reverse-beating stone exterior wall component 100 comprises a stone facing 101, stress claws 201, an outer leaf plate 102, an insulation plate 103, a beam component 104 and an inner leaf plate 105, wherein the stress claws 201 are used for anchoring the stone facing 101 at an opening, penetrate through the outer leaf plate 102 and the insulation plate 103, and are anchored in the inner leaf plate 105 at the tail part, so that the reverse-beating stone exterior wall component 100 meets the assembly requirement of integrating an outer wall of a building, a structural frame beam, insulation and stone exterior decoration into a whole, and has great quality and cost competitiveness in an assembly type market which is industrialized and standardized as a guide; through setting up atress claw nail 201, transmit the load of outer leaf board 102 and stone material veneer 101 to the girder steel on through interior leaf board 105, realized utilizing interior leaf board 105 bearing, compare with utilizing outer leaf board 102 bearing, the bearing is more reasonable, and the atress performance is more reliable.
In the integrated assembly type reverse-beating stone exterior wall component 100 of the embodiment of the invention, the outer blade plates 102 are reinforced concrete outer blade plates 102; the insulation board 103 is a polymer insulation board; the beam members 104 are partially clad steel-concrete composite beams 104 (i.e., PEC composite beams); the inner louvers 105 are reinforced concrete inner louvers 105. The beam member 104 of the integrated assembly type inverse beating stone exterior wall member 100 of the embodiment of the invention is a partially-coated steel-concrete composite beam 104, and the wall and the beam are integrated by the characteristics of the steel-concrete composite member to form a high-quality exterior wall.
The insulation board 103 may be polystyrene foam EPS or extruded polystyrene board XPS. As shown in fig. 6, the reinforced concrete outer vane 102 includes a single layer of the mesh of reinforcing bars 120; as shown in fig. 9, the reinforced concrete inner vane 105 includes a double layer of reinforcing steel bars 150. As shown in fig. 10, the partially clad steel-concrete composite beam 104 includes an upper flange plate 141, a lower flange plate 142, and a web 143, wherein the upper flange plate 141 and the lower flange plate 142 are disposed in parallel at an interval, and upper and lower ends of the web 143 are fixed to the upper flange plate 141 and the lower flange plate 142, respectively.
The integrated assembly type inverse dozen stone exterior wall component 100 of the embodiment of the invention can also comprise: the reinforcing claw nails 202 are fixedly arranged on the stone facing 101, the stone facing 101 is anchored at the opening, and the tail part of the reinforcing claw nails is anchored in the outer leaf plate 102; wherein, a plurality of stress claws 201 and a plurality of strengthening claws 202 are arranged in a staggered and uniform way. By providing the reinforcing nails 202, the reliability of the connection between the reverse-beaten stone facing 101 and the foundation wall outer leaf 102 can be enhanced.
The thickness of the stone veneer 101 is not less than 25mm. The size of the single stone facing brick is not more than 1200mm multiplied by 1200mm or equivalent area, and the side length is not more than 1500mm, so the shearing resistance and bearing capacity of the stressed claw nail 201 are considered. The too thin thickness of the stone veneer 101 will result in that the stress nails 201 cannot be installed and the reverse beating process cannot be implemented; the thickness of the stone veneer 101 is not less than 25mm in principle, but too large thickness results in high cost and very large hanging weight, and more stress claws 201 are needed. Therefore, the thickness of the stone veneer 101 is usually 25mm to 35mm, preferably approximately 30mm, from the viewpoint of reasonable structural stress and cost.
The stressed nails 201 are preferably V-shaped nails; the reinforcing claw 202 is preferably an M-shaped claw. As shown in fig. 3, the stressed claw nail 201 includes a first claw section 211, a short connecting section 213 and a second claw section 212 connected in sequence, and the first claw section 211 and the second claw section 212 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the short connecting section 213. As shown in fig. 4, the reinforcing claw pin 202 includes a first claw section 221, a concave coupling section 223, and a second claw section 222, and the first claw section 221 and the second claw section 222 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the concave coupling section 223.
The stressed nails 201 are used for anchoring the stone facing 101 from the opening, then penetrate through the outer blade plate 102 and the insulation board 103, and are anchored in the inner blade plate 105 at the tail part for enabling the inner blade plate 105 to bear the weight. The reinforcing nails 202 are mainly used for anchoring between the stone veneer 101 and the outer blade 102. That is, the stressed nails 201 span the stone veneer 101, the outer leaf 102, the insulation board 103 and the inner leaf 105, while the reinforced nails 202 span only the stone veneer 101 and the outer leaf 102. The reinforcing claw nails 202 are reinforcing nails between the outer blade plates 102 and the stone facing 101, the main force of stress is the stress claw nails 201, and the stress claw nails 201 fix the stone facing 101 and the outer blade plates 102 on the bearing inner blade plates 105 together, so when the stress requirement is high, the stress claw nails 201 can be used for replacing the reinforcing claw nails 202. The diameter of the stressed claw nail 201 and/or the reinforced claw nail 202 is not less than 4mm.
The space between the anchoring holes for anchoring the stressed nails 201 and/or the reinforced nails 202 on the stone veneer 101 is 90mm-110mm. According to engineering trial products, when the distance between the anchoring holes is within the range of 90mm-110mm, the stressed claw nail 201 has good holding performance, and the length requirement of the stressed claw nail 201 is met. The diameter of the anchoring hole is preferably 1mm larger than the diameter of the nail. The anchor hole is too big, can damage the stone material, considers that atress claw nail 201 is adjustable male, should be greater than the diameter 1mm of atress claw nail 201 with the diameter in anchor hole and can satisfy the male of atress claw nail 201. The gap between the stressed nails 201 and the anchoring holes may be filled with epoxy adhesive. In addition, the distance between the end of the stress claw 201 and the bottom of the hole is preferably 1mm-2mm. By maintaining a gap between the end of the stressed claw 201 and the hole bottom, the stressed claw 201 is prevented from directly contacting the weak stone of the hole bottom.
The angle of the forced nails 201 embedded into the stone veneer 101 is substantially 45 °. If the angle of the stress claw nail 201 embedded into the stone veneer 101 is too small, the inner side of the stone veneer 101 is easily damaged when drilling and actual stress are applied, and the stress claw nail is too close to the inner surface and may be locally broken and detached; if too large, the anchor holes are too deep and gripping performance may deteriorate. The length of the stressed nails 201 embedded into the stone facing 101 should not be less than 18mm, and the vertical depth of the embedded stone facing 101 should not exceed 70% of the thickness of the stone facing 101. The depth of the stressed claw nail 201 anchored in the concrete of the inner blade 105 is not less than 36.5mm. By defining the embedding length, vertical depth, anchoring depth, etc., the influence of the stressed nails 201 and anchoring holes on the stone veneer 101 may be limited.
Since the reinforcing nails 202 are used to reinforce the connection between the stone veneer 101 and the outer blade 102 in the reverse beating process, the connection is usually made at every 0.1m 2 The areas of the left and right stone facing 101 are provided with a reinforcing claw 202. The stress claw nail 201 is in a stress form that extends out of the inner blade 105 and is embedded into the outer blade 102 to be supported, and can be regarded as a small short beam. With the weight of the outer leaf 102 and the stone veneer 101 as shear forces, the single force-bearing claw 201The shearing resistance is fixed, the shearing force is divided by the shearing resistance of a single stressed claw nail 201, the required quantity of the stressed claw nails 201 can be obtained, and then the stressed claw nails float up by about 20 percent to serve as safety storage.
Also, since the reinforcing claw 202 is only used for reinforcement, 0.1m of the stressed claw 201 has been arranged 2 The reinforcement claw 202 need not be arranged, but may be arranged in parallel. The parallel manner is as follows: the original stone facing 101 is provided with 90 reinforcing nails 202 required by the area, 8 stressed nails 201 are calculated, and then 8 stressed nails 201 are used for replacing 8 reinforcing nails 202 (because the stressed nails 201 have the function of grappling hooks), so that only 82 reinforcing nails 202 are needed. As mentioned above, the stressed nails 201 can be used to horizontally strengthen the nails 202, but considering that the nails are made of metal, a "cold bridge" is formed, so as to weaken the capability of the insulation board 103, after all, the stressed nails 201 penetrate through the insulation board 103 to penetrate through the inner side and the outer side, so that generally, the stress is considered to be replaced by as few as possible.
The usage rules of the stressed nails 201 and the reinforced nails 202 can also be as follows: the layout when all the reinforcing claws 202 are used is listed, and then the layout when all the stressed claws 201 are used is calculated, and wherever two types of claws are repeatedly arranged, the stressed claws 201 are used to replace the reinforcing claws 202, and the non-repeated parts still use the reinforcing claws 202.
The arrangement of the stressed nails 201 needs to be as uniform and symmetrical as possible overall. For example, the stressed nails 201 and the reinforced nails 202 may be a row of stressed nails 201, a row of reinforced nails 202, and a further row of stressed nails 201. However, if not as many force claws 201 are required, one or more rows of force claws 201 can be replaced with reinforcing claws 202 uniformly. The rows can be arranged at intervals in a plum blossom shape, and are arranged according to the number of the stress claws 201 required by stress, but the whole is uniform and symmetrical.
The width of the partially clad steel-concrete composite girder 104 is not preferably more than 175mm and not preferably less than 150mm. The PEC composite beam 104 with the beam width less than 150mm is not suitable for multi-story and high-rise buildings because the lateral stability of the PEC composite beam is too weak; and because the wall is usually 200mm wide, the PEC composite beams 104 with the beam width of more than 175mm cannot be coated with 25mm-50mm of concrete on the outer side and cannot be integrated with the wall beam.
As shown in fig. 1 and 10, left and right sides of the concrete region of the beam member 104, the reinforced concrete inner blade 105 protrude outward with respect to left and right sides of the outer blade 102, respectively; the underside of the concrete region of the reinforced concrete inner leaf 105 is retracted inwardly relative to the underside of the outer leaf 102; left, right, and lower sides of the reinforcing bars of the reinforced concrete inner vane panel 105 protrude outward with respect to opposite sides of the concrete region of the reinforced concrete inner vane panel 105, respectively. The integrated assembly type reverse-beating stone exterior wall component 100 of the embodiment of the invention improves the prefabrication degree of the integrated assembly type reverse-beating stone exterior wall component 100 through the integrated beam component 104 and the left side, the right side and the lower side of the integrated assembly type reverse-beating stone exterior wall component, and has the advantages of less field wet operation, high standardization degree, high construction speed and no influence on other processes during construction. The underside of the concrete area of the inner leaf 105 is typically retracted 200mm inwardly compared to the underside of the outer leaf 102.
The partially clad steel-concrete composite girder 104 further includes: a first tie bar 144 and/or a second tie bar 145, wherein the upper end of the first tie bar 144 is fixed to the upper flange plate 141, and the lower end extends beyond the lower flange plate 142 and is overlapped with the longitudinal bar 151 of the steel bar of the reinforced concrete inner blade plate 105; the second tie bar 145 has an upper end fixed to the upper flange plate 141 and a lower end fixed to the lower flange plate 142. When structurally arranged, the PEC composite beams 104 are flush on the inside with the edges of the building indoor space, i.e., flush on the inside with the inside of the reinforced concrete inner leaf panels 105. The width of the inner leaf plate 105 is 200mm, and the outer side of the pec composite beam 104 leaves a reinforced concrete outer leaf plate 102 of 25mm-50mm as a concrete coating layer. As shown in fig. 2, the longitudinal ribs of the wall body, i.e., the longitudinal ribs 151 of the inner blade 105, overlap with the first tie ribs 144 thrown from the PEC combination beam 104, wherein the first tie ribs 144 are bent and welded to the inner side of the upper flange plate 141 after passing around the outer side of the PEC combination beam 104 to reach the position of the upper flange plate 141, and the first tie ribs 144 and the upper flange plate 141 are welded by double-sided fillet welding, with a welding length of 5 times the diameter of the steel bar. With continued reference to fig. 2, a second tie bar 145 is disposed between the upper flange plate 141 and the lower flange plate 142, the second tie bar 145 has a diameter and a distance that meet the design requirements of the PEC composite beam 104 regarding tie bars in the relevant design specifications, and the welding form adopts double-sided fillet welding and is provided with anti-crack longitudinal bars to prevent the upper flange plate 141 and the lower flange plate 142 from buckling.
Further, a bezel structure may be present at the joint of the exterior wall member 100, the bezel structure being configured such that the joint edge on the more outer side is lower than the joint edge on the more inner side. And a water stop adhesive tape, an expansion adhesive tape and the like can be arranged in the abutted seams. Meanwhile, a water guide groove can be arranged at the abutted seam. From this, can prevent the piece infiltration, improve the waterproof performance of piece department.
Fig. 5 to 10 are schematic structural views of the integrated assembly type inverse dozen stone exterior wall component 100 of fig. 1 in the production process. Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view illustrating the installation of the integrated prefabricated inverse dozen stone exterior wall component 100 and the column component 300 of fig. 1. Fig. 12 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a production process of the integrated assembly type inverse dozen stone exterior wall component 100 of fig. 1. As shown in fig. 12, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a production process of the integrated assembly type inverse dozen stone exterior wall component 100, including the following steps:
s102: the outer side of the stone facing 101 faces the mounting surface and is laid according to the grade;
s104: stress claws 201 are arranged on the inner side of the stone facing 101, so that the stress claws 201 anchor the stone facing 101 at the opening;
s106: binding the steel bars of the outer blade plate 102, and pouring concrete;
s108: laying a heat insulation plate 103 on the outer leaf plate 102;
s110: a semi-finished beam member 104 which is poured with concrete and fixed on one side facing the mounting surface is arranged and fixed on the upper part of the inner side of the heat insulation plate 103;
s112: binding the steel bars of the inner blade plates 105 below the semi-finished beam member 104;
s114: and pouring concrete to the reinforcing steel bars of the semi-finished beam member 104 and the inner blade plates 105 together to obtain the integrated assembly type inverted-beating stone outer wall member 100.
Since the exterior wall member 100 of the present invention is produced by inverted lying casting, the surface of the PEC beam that is thrown out of the first tie bar 144, i.e., the outer side of the PEC beam, cannot be cast integrally with the inner leaf plate 105, and therefore, in step S110, the outer side of the PEC beam is a semi-finished beam member 104 that has been cast and cured to achieve 70% strength of concrete. In step S102, the installation surface may be a floor surface or a table surface of a mold table. Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the stone veneer 101 after the stress claw 201 is disposed thereon in step S104. Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the reinforcing bars of the outer blade 102 arranged on fig. 5 in step S106. Fig. 7 is a schematic illustration of the rebar of fig. 6 poured with concrete to form the outer leaf 102. Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the insulation board 103 laid on fig. 7 in step S108. Fig. 9 is a schematic view after the reinforcing bars of the semi-finished beam member 104 and the inner blade 105 are disposed on fig. 8 in step S110 and step S112. Fig. 10 is a step S114 of pouring concrete to fig. 9 to form the integrated fabricated inverse-dozen stone exterior wall element 100.
Fig. 13 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a construction method of the integrated assembly type inverse dozen stone exterior wall component 100 of fig. 1. The embodiment of the invention also provides a construction method of the integrated assembly type inverse beating stone exterior wall component 100, which comprises the following steps:
s202: splicing the integrated assembly type inverse beating stone outer wall component 100 with the column component 300;
s204: pouring concrete in gaps between left and right sides of the integrally assembled inverse-beating stone exterior wall member 100 and the column member 300 to form a concrete constructional column;
s206: the bottom of the integrated assembly type reverse-beating stone outer wall component 100 and the floor slab are cast with concrete together, and construction is completed.
According to the connection mode of the PEC composite beam 104 and the wall board and the method of reserving the hollow spaces on the two sides of the outer wall member 100 to pour as the constructional columns and pouring the bottom gap and the floor slab together, the prefabrication degree is improved, the field wet operation is less, the standardization degree is high, the construction speed is high, and other procedures are not influenced. The concrete constructional column can be formed by pouring and compacting the covering plates on the two sides.
The integrated assembly type inverted stone outer wall member 100 of the embodiment of the invention is convenient to install, can be installed by utilizing the traditional steel beam connection mode, and does not influence the construction progress by post-pouring the end column. Specifically, the exterior wall member 100 can be hoisted by lifting lugs arranged at the top of the beam, the exterior wall member 100 and the column member 300 are installed by a conventional PEC beam installation method, then the left and right gaps are cast by a formwork, and the bottom is cast together with the floor slab. During hoisting, the hoisting operation of the external wall member 100 at other positions on the same floor or different floors can be continued without waiting for the completion of the pouring of the wall panel.
Thus, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that while a number of exemplary embodiments of the invention have been illustrated and described in detail herein, many other variations or modifications consistent with the principles of the invention may be directly determined or derived from the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be understood and interpreted to cover all such other variations or modifications.
Claims (10)
1. An integrated assembly type reverse-beating stone exterior wall component, wherein the integrated assembly type reverse-beating stone exterior wall component comprises:
the stone material veneer, the stress claw nails, the outer leaf plates, the heat insulation plates, the beam members and the inner leaf plates; the stone veneer is fixedly provided with a plurality of stress claws, the outer blade plate is arranged on the inner side of the stone veneer, the heat insulation plate is arranged on the inner side of the outer blade plate, the beam member is arranged on the upper part of the inner side of the heat insulation plate, and the inner blade plate is arranged on the inner side of the heat insulation plate and below the beam member;
the stress claw nails are used for anchoring the stone facing at the opening, penetrate through the outer leaf plate and the heat insulation plate, and are anchored in the inner leaf plate at the tail parts.
2. The integrated assembly type inverse dozen stone exterior wall component according to claim 1,
the outer blade plate is a reinforced concrete outer blade plate;
the heat-insulation plate is a polymer heat-insulation material plate;
the beam member is a partially-coated steel-concrete composite beam;
the inner blade plate is a reinforced concrete inner blade plate.
3. The integrated assembly type inverse dozen stone exterior wall component according to claim 2,
the left side and the right side of the concrete area of the beam member and the reinforced concrete inner blade plate respectively protrude outwards relative to the left side and the right side of the outer blade plate;
the underside of the concrete region of the reinforced concrete inner leaf is retracted inwardly relative to the underside of the outer leaf;
the left side, the right side and the lower side of the steel bars of the reinforced concrete inner blade plate respectively protrude outwards relative to the opposite sides of the concrete area of the reinforced concrete inner blade plate.
4. The integrated assembly type inverse dozen stone exterior wall component according to claim 2,
the reinforced concrete outer blade plate comprises a single-layer reinforcing mesh;
the reinforced concrete inner blade plate comprises double layers of reinforcing steel bars.
5. The integrated assembly type inverse dozen stone exterior wall component according to claim 2,
the partially-coated steel-concrete composite beam comprises an upper flange plate, a lower flange plate and a web plate, wherein the upper flange plate and the lower flange plate are arranged in parallel at intervals, and the upper end and the lower end of the web plate are respectively fixed with the upper flange plate and the lower flange plate; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the partially clad steel-concrete composite beam further comprises: the upper end of the first tie bar is fixed with the upper flange plate, and the lower end of the first tie bar extends beyond the lower flange plate and is in lap joint with the longitudinal bars of the steel bars of the reinforced concrete inner blade plate; the upper end of the second tie bar is fixed with the upper flange plate, and the lower end of the second tie bar is fixed with the lower flange plate.
6. The integrated assembly type inverse-dozen stone exterior wall component according to claim 1, wherein the integrated assembly type inverse-dozen stone exterior wall component further comprises:
the reinforcing claw nails are fixedly arranged on the stone facing, the stone facing is anchored at the opening, and the tail part of the reinforcing claw nails is anchored in the outer leaf plate; wherein the plurality of stressed nails and the plurality of reinforcing nails are staggered and uniformly arranged.
7. The integrated assembly type inverse dozen stone exterior wall component according to claim 6,
the stressed claw nail is a V-shaped claw nail;
the reinforcing claw nails are M-shaped claw nails.
8. The integrated assembly type inverse dozen stone exterior wall component according to claim 6,
the thickness of the stone facing is not less than 25mm; and/or
The diameter of the stressed claw nail and/or the reinforced claw nail is not less than 4mm; and/or
The spacing between the anchoring holes for anchoring the stress claw nails and/or the reinforcing claw nails on the stone facing is 90-110 mm; and/or
The angle of the stress claw nails embedded into the stone facing is approximately 45 degrees, the length of the stress claw nails embedded into the stone facing is not less than 18mm, and the vertical depth of the stress claw nails embedded into the stone facing is not more than 70% of the thickness of the stone facing.
9. A production process of the integrated assembly type inverse beating stone exterior wall component according to any one of claims 1-8, comprising the following steps:
the outer side of the stone facing faces the mounting surface and is laid according to the grade;
arranging the stress claw nails on the inner side of the stone facing so that the stress claw nails can anchor the stone facing at the opening;
binding the steel bars of the outer blade plate, and pouring concrete;
laying the heat insulation board on the outer leaf board;
installing and fixing a semi-finished beam member which is poured with concrete on one side facing the installation surface on the upper part of the inner side of the heat insulation plate;
binding the reinforcing steel bars of the inner blade plates below the semi-finished beam component;
and pouring concrete to the semi-finished beam component and the reinforcing steel bars of the inner blade plates together to obtain the integrated assembly type reverse-beating stone outer wall component.
10. A construction method of the integrated assembly type inverse dozen stone exterior wall component according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the following steps:
splicing the integrated assembly type reverse-beating stone outer wall component and the column component;
pouring concrete in gaps between the left side and the right side of the integrated assembly type reverse-beating stone outer wall component and the column component to form a concrete constructional column;
and pouring concrete together with the floor slab at the bottom of the integrated assembly type reverse-beating stone outer wall component to finish construction.
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| CN115467446A (en) * | 2022-09-16 | 2022-12-13 | 中国二十二冶集团有限公司 | Assembled steel structure frame and concrete combined structure residential wall construction method |
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| CN203924471U (en) * | 2014-05-05 | 2014-11-05 | 任丘市永基建筑安装工程有限公司 | Precast concrete external wall panel |
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