CN115868396A - Ecological seedling raising substrate for macadamia nuts - Google Patents
Ecological seedling raising substrate for macadamia nuts Download PDFInfo
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- CN115868396A CN115868396A CN202211620997.1A CN202211620997A CN115868396A CN 115868396 A CN115868396 A CN 115868396A CN 202211620997 A CN202211620997 A CN 202211620997A CN 115868396 A CN115868396 A CN 115868396A
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- macadimia
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 241000208467 Macadamia Species 0.000 title claims description 5
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 241000221785 Erysiphales Species 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 241000918585 Pythium aphanidermatum Species 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000005788 Fluxapyroxad Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- SXSGXWCSHSVPGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluxapyroxad Chemical compound FC(F)C1=NN(C)C=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1 SXSGXWCSHSVPGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000005863 Zoxamide Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- SOUGWDPPRBKJEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-dichloro-N-(1-chloro-3-methyl-2-oxopentan-3-yl)-4-methylbenzamide Chemical compound ClCC(=O)C(C)(CC)NC(=O)C1=CC(Cl)=C(C)C(Cl)=C1 SOUGWDPPRBKJEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxylamine Chemical compound ON AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000005767 Epoxiconazole Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- ZMYFCFLJBGAQRS-IRXDYDNUSA-N (2R,3S)-epoxiconazole Chemical compound C1=CC(F)=CC=C1[C@@]1(CN2N=CN=C2)[C@H](C=2C(=CC=CC=2)Cl)O1 ZMYFCFLJBGAQRS-IRXDYDNUSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GOFJDXZZHFNFLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-fluoro-1,3-dimethyl-N-[2-(4-methylpentan-2-yl)phenyl]pyrazole-4-carboxamide Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1NC(=O)C1=C(F)N(C)N=C1C GOFJDXZZHFNFLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005815 Penflufen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 15
- 229960004884 fluconazole Drugs 0.000 description 14
- RFHAOTPXVQNOHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluconazole Chemical compound C1=NC=NN1CC(C=1C(=CC(F)=CC=1)F)(O)CN1C=NC=N1 RFHAOTPXVQNOHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000018330 Macadamia integrifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 240000000912 Macadamia tetraphylla Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000003800 Macadamia tetraphylla Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 241000233629 Phytophthora parasitica Species 0.000 description 4
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbendazim Natural products C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011717 all-trans-retinol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019169 all-trans-retinol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006013 carbendazim Substances 0.000 description 2
- JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=C[CH]C2=NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 fluconazole ester Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000000010 microbial pathogen Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- DSSYKIVIOFKYAU-XCBNKYQSSA-N (R)-camphor Chemical compound C1C[C@@]2(C)C(=O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C DSSYKIVIOFKYAU-XCBNKYQSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000208473 Macadamia ternifolia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233614 Phytophthora Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233618 Phytophthora cinnamomi Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008485 antagonism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940025250 camphora Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000010238 camphora Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009036 growth inhibition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012417 linear regression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003359 percent control normalization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Landscapes
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of seedling raising substrates, and particularly relates to an ecological seedling raising substrate for macadimia nuts, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 85-90% of matrix, 1-3% of bactericide and the balance of fertilizer; wherein the matrix is prepared from turf, vermiculite, perlite and coconut coir according to the weight ratio of 3-5:1-3:0.75-1.5:0.75-1.5 by mass; the bactericide consists of 30-45% of active ingredients and the balance of auxiliary ingredients, wherein the active ingredients are compounded by A and B; the auxiliary components are selected from one or more of argil, attapulgite, kaolin and diatomite; the fertilizer is selected from one or more of ammonium chloride, zinc sulfate, monopotassium phosphate and potassium nitrate. The macadimia nut seedling culture substrate disclosed by the invention can realize the seedling culture of the macadimia nuts, can effectively prevent the macadimia nuts from infecting the macadimia nut seedlings due to root rot, anthracnose, damping off, powdery mildew and the like, ensures the survival rate of the macadimia nut seedlings, and is beneficial to the smooth development of the macadimia nut seedling culture work.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of seedling raising substrates, and particularly belongs to an ecological seedling raising substrate for macadimia nuts.
Background
The macadimia nuts belong to the dragon hill eye macadimia nuts and belong to evergreen arbor fruit trees, and the special nutritional value of the nuts enables the macadimia nuts to be eaten with high quality. In recent years, the macadamia nut industry in Guangxi has been rapidly developed, and the planting area is over 60 ten thousand acres.
In the macadimia nut planting process, seedling raising substrates are needed to realize seedling raising. The seedling culture substrate is beneficial to development of seedling culture work only by providing proper environment and nutrient components for macadimia nut seedling culture. Various seedling raising substrates exist in the prior art, but most of the seedling raising substrates provide nutrient substances for germination and growth in seedling stage, and infection of pathogenic microorganisms corresponding to the seedling stage cannot be prevented. In the actual seedling raising process, after the pathogenic microorganisms infect the seedlings, the survival rate of the seedlings can be influenced, the normal growth of the seedlings can also be influenced, and further the smooth development of the seedling raising work can be influenced.
Chinese patent CN201310029019.4 discloses a soilless plug seedling substrate and a preparation method thereof, wherein the seedling substrate comprises a substrate body and an additive, and the additive is added with 50% of carbendazim and 65% of zineb powder serving as pesticide components. The seedlings cultivated by the seedling raising substrate disclosed by the patent grow strongly and have strong resistance, and the incidence rate of damping-off in the seedling stage is reduced by about 13-21%. The seedling raising substrate disclosed in the above patent, to which the agricultural chemical components of carbendazim and zineb are added, can be used for reducing the incidence of damping-off. At present, no report related to the addition of a bactericide active ingredient compounded by epoxiconazole hydroxylamine and epoxiconazole activated ester or zoxamide in a seedling raising substrate is found.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ecological seedling culture substrate for macadimia nuts, which can realize the seedling culture of the macadimia nuts, can effectively prevent pathogenic bacteria from infecting macadimia nut seedlings, further ensures the survival rate of the macadimia nut seedlings and is beneficial to smooth development of the seedling culture work of the macadimia nuts.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
an ecological seedling raising substrate for macadimia nuts comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 85-95% of matrix, 1-3% of bactericide and the balance of fertilizer; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the matrix is prepared from turf, vermiculite, perlite and coconut coir according to the proportion of 3-5:1-3:0.75-1.5:0.75-1.5 by mass ratio;
the bactericide consists of 30-45% of active ingredients and the balance of auxiliary ingredients, wherein the active ingredients are compounded by penflufen and fluxapyroxad or zoxamide; the auxiliary components are selected from one or more of argil, attapulgite, kaolin and diatomite;
the fertilizer is selected from one or more of ammonium chloride, zinc sulfate, monopotassium phosphate and potassium nitrate.
Preferably, the matrix is prepared from grass peat, vermiculite, perlite and coconut coir according to the weight ratio of 4:2:1:1, and mixing the components in a mass ratio of 1.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the fluxapyroxad to the fluxad activated ester is 1-40:3-1.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the fluxapyroxad to the zoxamide is 1-10:25-1.
Preferably, the auxiliary components are prepared from kaolin and attapulgite according to the weight ratio of 1:1, and mixing the components in a mass ratio of 1.
Preferably, the fertilizer is prepared from zinc sulfate, monopotassium phosphate and potassium nitrate according to the weight ratio of 1:3:2, and mixing the components in a mass ratio.
The invention also provides a method for preparing the ecological seedling substrate of the macadimia nuts, which comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly mixing turf, vermiculite, perlite and coconut chaff to prepare the matrix;
s2, uniformly mixing the effective components and the auxiliary components in a mixing kettle, crushing the mixture by using a jet mill, and sieving the crushed mixture to prepare the bactericide;
and S3, uniformly mixing the matrix body, the bactericide and the fertilizer to prepare the ecological seedling raising matrix for the macadimia nuts.
The invention also provides application of the ecological seedling substrate of the macadimia nuts in seedling raising of the macadimia nuts and prevention and control of seedling diseases of the macadimia nuts.
Preferably, the macadimia nut seedling stage diseases comprise root rot, anthracnose, damping off and powdery mildew.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The ecological seedling culture substrate for the macadimia nuts comprises a matrix body, a bactericide and a fertilizer, wherein the matrix body and the fertilizer can provide proper environment and nutrient components for the macadimia nut seedling culture, and the bactericide can effectively infect the macadimia nut seedlings by pathogenic bacteria such as root rot, anthracnose, damping off and the like of the macadimia nuts, promote rooting and reduce leaf diseases. In conclusion, the ecological seedling culture substrate for the macadimia nuts can realize the seedling culture of the macadimia nuts, and can effectively prevent pathogenic bacteria from infecting the macadimia nut seedlings, so that the survival rate of the macadimia nut seedlings is ensured, and the smooth development of the seedling culture work of the macadimia nuts is facilitated.
(2) When 2 effective components of the bactericide in the ecological seedling substrate of the macadimia nut are compounded, a synergistic effect is shown on inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria such as root rot of the macadimia nut, so that the control effect on the pathogenic bacteria can be improved, rooting is promoted, leaf diseases are reduced, pathogenic bacteria are prevented from infecting macadimia nut seedlings, and the survival rate of the macadimia nut seedlings is ensured; meanwhile, the dosage of the bactericide is reduced, and the cost is reduced.
Detailed Description
The examples are described for the purpose of illustration only and are not intended to limit the claims.
Example 1: activity of compound of fluxapyroxad on root rot pathogenic bacteria
1. Test strains: phytophthora camphora (Phytophthora cinnamomi) was collected from roots of infected macadamia ternifolia seedlings, isolated in the laboratory and stored on PDA medium.
2. Reagent for testing
98% of fluxapyroxad technical (commercially available), 98% of fluxad-activated ester technical (commercially available) and 97% of zoxamide technical (commercially available)
Dissolving the test reagent with dimethyl sulfoxide, diluting with 0.1% Tween-80 water solution, preparing into single mother liquid, and setting multiple groups of mixture ratios, wherein each single agent and mixture ratio are mixed according to an equal ratio method to set 5 mass concentration gradients.
3. Test method
A hypha growth rate method is adopted. Adding 9mL of pre-melted PDA culture medium into a sterile conical flask, sequentially and quantitatively sucking 1mL of liquid medicine from low concentration to high concentration, respectively adding into the conical flasks, fully shaking up, pouring into a culture dish with the diameter of 9cm, and making into a medicine-containing flat plate with corresponding concentration; and treatments without agent were blanked for 10 replicates per treatment. Cutting a bacterial cake at the edge of a bacterial colony of a test strain by using a puncher with the diameter of 5mm, inoculating the bacterial cake in the center of a drug-containing plate and a blank control plate, covering the drug-containing plate and the blank control plate, placing the drug-containing plate and the blank control plate in a thermostat at 28 ℃ for culture, measuring the diameter of the bacterial colony by using a cross method when the diameter of the bacterial colony of the blank control plate is 2/3 of the diameter of a culture dish, and calculating the inhibition rate of different treatments on the growth of hyphae.
4. And (3) data analysis: DPS software is adopted to carry out data statistical analysis, linear regression is carried out by taking the logarithm value of the concentration of the bactericide as x and the corresponding value of the hypha growth inhibition rate as y, and a toxicity regression equation and the toxicity EC of the medicament on the target bacteria are obtained 50 Values, and the co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) was calculated according to the grandsinope method.
5. Measurement results
And evaluating the synergism of the medicament according to the calculated co-toxicity coefficient (CTC), wherein the antagonism is the CTC of less than or equal to 80, the additivity is the CTC of more than 80 and less than 120, and the synergism is the CTC of more than or equal to 120, and the results are shown in tables 1-2.
TABLE 1 indoor bioactivity assay of complex formulation of epoxiconazole hydroxylamine and epoxiconazole activated ester against pathogenic bacteria of macadamia root rot
| Name and proportion of the medicament | EC50(mg/L) | ATI | TTI | CTC |
| Fluxapyroxad acyl hydroxylamine | 0.9441 | 100.0000 | -- | -- |
| Fluconazole activating ester | 4.8016 | 19.6622 | -- | -- |
| Fluxapyroxad 1: fluconazole ester 3 | 1.8653 | 50.6138 | 39.7466 | 127.3412 |
| Fluconazole hydroxylamine 1: fluconazole activating ester 1 | 1.1683 | 80.8097 | 59.8311 | 135.0631 |
| Fluxapyroxad 3: fluconazole activating ester 1 | 0.9500 | 99.3789 | 79.9155 | 124.3550 |
| Fluconazole hydroxylamine 5: fluconazole activating ester 1 | 0.5024 | 187.9180 | 86.6104 | 216.9694 |
| Fluxapyroxad 10: fluconazole activating ester 1 | 0.2934 | 321.7791 | 92.6966 | 347.1317 |
| Fluxapyroxad 20: fluconazole activating ester 1 | 0.7961 | 118.5906 | 96.1744 | 123.3079 |
| Fluxapyroxad 30: fluconazole activating ester 1 | 0.3639 | 259.4394 | 97.4085 | 266.3418 |
| Fluxapyroxad 40: fluconazole activating ester 1 | 0.5770 | 163.6222 | 98.0405 | 166.8924 |
As can be seen from table 1, after the fluxapyroxad and the fluxad activated ester are compounded, the mass ratio of the fluxad acyl hydroxylamine to the fluxad activated ester is 1-40: the co-toxicity coefficient to the pathogenic bacteria of the root rot of the macadimia nuts within the range of 3-1 is more than 120, and the synergistic effect is shown.
TABLE 2 indoor bioactivity assay of complex formulation of epoxiconazole hydroxylamine acyl and zoxamide on macadamia nut root rot pathogenic bacteria
| Name and proportion of the medicament | EC50(mg/L) | ATI | TTI | CTC |
| Fluxapyroxad acyl hydroxylamine | 0.9441 | 100.0000 | -- | -- |
| Zoxamide | 2.4263 | 38.9111 | -- | -- |
| Fluxapyroxad 1: zoxamide 25 | 1.6138 | 58.5017 | 41.2607 | 141.7856 |
| Fluxapyroxad 1: zoxamide 20 | 1.0898 | 86.6306 | 41.8201 | 207.1506 |
| Fluxapyroxad 1: zoxamide 10 | 0.6739 | 140.0950 | 44.4646 | 315.0705 |
| Fluxapyroxad 1: zoxamide 5 | 0.2718 | 347.3510 | 49.0926 | 707.5427 |
| Fluxapyroxad 1: zoxamide 3 | 0.4279 | 220.6357 | 54.1833 | 407.2022 |
| Fluconazole hydroxylamine 1: zoxamide 1 | 0.8995 | 104.9583 | 69.4555 | 151.1158 |
| Fluconazole hydroxylamine 3: zoxamide 1 | 0.4598 | 205.3284 | 84.7278 | 242.3390 |
| Fluxapyroxad 5: zoxamide 1 | 0.6903 | 136.7666 | 89.8185 | 152.2700 |
| Fluxapyroxad 10: zoxamide 1 | 0.7978 | 118.3379 | 94.4465 | 125.2963 |
As can be seen from Table 2, after the compound of the fluxapyroxad and the zoxamide, the mass ratio of the compound to the fluxapyroxad to the zoxamide is 1-10: the co-toxicity coefficient to the pathogenic bacteria of the root rot of the macadimia nuts in the range of 25-1 is more than 120, and the synergistic effect is shown.
In summary, when 2 effective components of the bactericide in the ecological seedling substrate of the macadimia nuts are compounded, the bactericide has a synergistic effect on inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria such as the root rot of the macadimia nuts, so that the control effect on the pathogenic bacteria can be improved, the infection of the macadimia nut seedlings by the pathogenic bacteria can be prevented, and the survival rate of the macadimia nut seedlings can be further ensured.
Example 2
An ecological seedling raising substrate for macadimia nuts comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 95% of matrix, 2% of bactericide and the balance of fertilizer; wherein the matrix is prepared from grass peat, vermiculite, perlite and coconut coir according to the weight ratio of 4:2:1:1 by mass ratio; the bactericide consists of 33% of active ingredients and the balance of auxiliary ingredients, wherein the active ingredients comprise fluxapyroxad and fluxapyroxad activated ester according to the weight ratio of 10:1 by mass ratio; the auxiliary components are kaolin and attapulgite according to the weight ratio of 1:1 by mass ratio; the fertilizer is prepared from zinc sulfate, monopotassium phosphate and potassium nitrate according to the proportion of 1:3:2, and mixing the components in a mass ratio.
The preparation method of the ecological seedling substrate of the macadimia nuts comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly mixing turf, vermiculite, perlite and coconut coir to prepare the matrix;
s2, uniformly mixing the effective components and the auxiliary components in a mixing kettle, crushing the mixture by using a jet mill, and screening the crushed mixture by using a 30-micron sieve to prepare the bactericide;
and S3, uniformly mixing the matrix body, the bactericide and the fertilizer to prepare the ecological seedling raising matrix for the macadimia nuts.
Example 3
An ecological seedling raising substrate for macadimia nuts comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 95% of matrix, 2.5% of bactericide and the balance of fertilizer; wherein the matrix is prepared from grass peat, vermiculite, perlite and coconut coir according to the weight ratio of 4:2:1:1 by mass ratio; the bactericide consists of 42% of active ingredients and the balance of auxiliary ingredients, wherein the active ingredients comprise fluconazole hydroxylamine and zoxamide according to the weight ratio of 1:5 in a mass ratio; the auxiliary components are kaolin and attapulgite according to the weight ratio of 1:1 by mass ratio; the fertilizer is prepared from zinc sulfate, monopotassium phosphate and potassium nitrate according to the proportion of 1:3:2, and mixing the components in a mass ratio.
The preparation method of the ecological seedling substrate for macadimia nuts is the same as that in example 2.
Comparative example
An ecological seedling raising substrate for macadimia nuts comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 95% of matrix and the balance of fertilizer; wherein the matrix is prepared from grass peat, vermiculite, perlite and coconut coir according to the weight ratio of 4:2:1:1 by mass ratio; the fertilizer is prepared from zinc sulfate, monopotassium phosphate and potassium nitrate according to the proportion of 1:3:2, and mixing the components in a mass ratio.
The preparation method of the ecological seedling substrate for macadimia nuts is the same as that in example 2.
Example 4: seedling raising test
3 seedling beds are arranged in the greenhouse and are respectively marked as an experimental group 1, an experimental group 2 and a control group, and seedling substrates of the embodiment 1, the embodiment 2 and the control example with the thickness of 8cm are correspondingly paved on the seedling beds of the experimental group 1, the experimental group 2 and the control group respectively. 100 seeds of macadamia nut 'south Asia No. 3' after germination are sowed on each seedling bed, and the temperature and the humidity of the seedling bed are controlled to be 26 ℃ and 68 percent. After 3 months, the emergence rate and the incidence rate of root rot of the seeds of the macadimia nuts are counted, and the results are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 Effect of different seedling substrates on macadamia nut seedling results
| Group of | Rate of emergence (%) | Incidence of root rot (%) |
| Experimental group 1 | 95％ | 5.26％ |
| Experimental group 2 | 97％ | 7.22％ |
| Control group | 90％ | 46.67％ |
As is clear from Table 3, the seedling substrates of example 1, example 2 and comparative example did not differ much in emergence rate. However, the seedling substrate of examples 1 and 2 is effective in preventing infection with pathogenic bacteria on Australian seedlings.
Note that, when the incidence of root rot is counted, the incidence of root rot is not an integer because the macadimia nut seedlings after emergence are examined.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. An ecological seedling raising substrate for macadimia nuts is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 85-95% of matrix, 1-3% of bactericide and the balance of fertilizer; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the matrix is prepared from turf, vermiculite, perlite and coconut coir according to the weight ratio of 3-5:1-3:0.75-1.5:0.75-1.5 by mass;
the bactericide consists of 30-45% of active ingredients and the balance of auxiliary ingredients, wherein the active ingredients are compounded by penflufen and fluxapyroxad or zoxamide; the auxiliary components are selected from one or more of argil, attapulgite, kaolin and diatomite;
the fertilizer is selected from one or more of ammonium chloride, zinc sulfate, monopotassium phosphate and potassium nitrate.
2. The ecological seedling raising substrate for macadimia nuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the substrate body is made of grass peat, vermiculite, perlite and coconut coir according to a ratio of 4:2:1:1, and mixing the components in a mass ratio of 1.
3. The ecological seedling substrate of macadimia nuts, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the epoxiconazole hydroxylamine to the epoxiconazole activated ester is 1-40:3-1.
4. The ecological seedling substrate of macadimia nuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the epoxiconazole hydroxylamine to the zoxamide is 1-10:25-1.
5. The ecological seedling substrate of macadamia nuts, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the auxiliary components are prepared from kaolin and attapulgite in a ratio of 1:1, and mixing the components in a mass ratio of 1.
6. The ecological seedling substrate of macadamia nuts, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fertilizer is prepared from zinc sulfate, monopotassium phosphate and potassium nitrate in a ratio of 1:3:2, and mixing the components in a mass ratio.
7. A method for preparing ecological seedling substrate of macadimia nuts as claimed in any one of claims 1-6, comprising the following steps:
s1, uniformly mixing turf, vermiculite, perlite and coconut coir to prepare the matrix;
s2, uniformly mixing the effective components and the auxiliary components in a mixing kettle, crushing the mixture by using a jet mill, and sieving the crushed mixture to prepare the bactericide;
and S3, uniformly mixing the matrix body, the bactericide and the fertilizer to prepare the ecological seedling raising matrix for the macadimia nuts.
8. Use of the ecological seedling substrate of macadimia nuts as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 for raising seedlings of macadimia nuts and controlling diseases of the macadimia nuts in seedling stage.
9. The use of claim 8, wherein the macadimia nut seedling stage disease comprises root rot, anthracnose, damping off, and powdery mildew.
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