CN115861079A - Panoramic image splicing method and system without overlapping area and splicing terminal - Google Patents

Panoramic image splicing method and system without overlapping area and splicing terminal Download PDF

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CN115861079A
CN115861079A CN202310158914.XA CN202310158914A CN115861079A CN 115861079 A CN115861079 A CN 115861079A CN 202310158914 A CN202310158914 A CN 202310158914A CN 115861079 A CN115861079 A CN 115861079A
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image
brightness
images
panoramic
splicing
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CN115861079B (en
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赵成功
侯小叶
周昊
孙登俊
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Hopewell Optoelectronics Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a panoramic image splicing method, a panoramic image splicing system and a panoramic image splicing terminal without an overlapped area, which relate to the field of infrared imaging and are used for acquiring shot image information and forming an image sequence; arranging image information in the image sequence according to a preset sequence; converting the image into a gray scale image; counting the brightness difference between the right edge of the previous image and the left edge of the next image to be used as an initial threshold value for adjusting the brightness; preprocessing an image, and defining a brightness adjustment curve of the image; and splicing the images in the image sequence to form a panoramic image according to the fact that the brightness of the images changes from dark to bright from top to bottom and by combining with the initial threshold value of the adjusted brightness. The image brightness of the boundary around the image is adjusted by taking the image center as a reference point and combining the edge brightness of two adjacent images, so that the brightness of the image connection part can be similar after the images are spliced, and the actual use requirement can be met.

Description

Panoramic image splicing method and system without overlapping area and splicing terminal
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of infrared imaging, in particular to a panoramic image splicing method, a panoramic image splicing system and a panoramic image splicing terminal without an overlapping area.
Background
The image splicing technology is characterized in that a plurality of images with overlapped areas are subjected to feature point matching or overlapped area registration, then image matrix transformation is carried out, and finally fusion splicing is carried out.
In the infrared imaging scene in the frontier defense field, because the restriction of the camera equipment can not shoot a picture with a wide view, in practical application, the camera equipment is required to complete 360-degree circumferential scanning within a certain time (2 seconds), so that an observer can observe all the surrounding conditions. In order to ensure that the target in the image is clear, a small visual angle is set as much as possible, and meanwhile, the requirement of completing 360-degree scanning within 2 seconds is met, so that a plurality of images are generated. If a plurality of images have larger overlapping areas, the field angle is required to be increased, the target is correspondingly reduced, and the splicing of the plurality of images is time-consuming and cannot achieve the purpose of generating a panoramic image in real time, so that the plurality of images without the overlapping areas are adopted in a project for splicing the panoramic image.
Because the multiple images in the non-overlapping area are subjected to panoramic stitching in the scene, a universal image stitching algorithm cannot be used, the multiple images are generally directly stitched together to be displayed as a panoramic image for meeting the real-time application requirement, but due to the influence of the ambient temperature and equipment shooting, the image brightness difference at the boundary of each image is large, the brightness difference at the joint of the directly stitched panoramic images is large, and the stitching effect is unsatisfactory.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a panoramic image splicing method without an overlapping area, which can enable the brightness of the image connection part to be similar after image splicing and can meet the actual use requirement.
The panoramic image stitching without the overlapped area comprises the following steps:
s101, acquiring shot image information to form an image sequence.
S102, arranging the image information in the image sequence according to a preset sequence.
And S103, converting the image into a gray image.
And S104, counting the brightness difference between the right edge of the previous image and the left edge of the next image to be used as an initial threshold value for adjusting the brightness.
And S105, preprocessing the image and defining a brightness adjustment curve of the image.
And S106, splicing the images in the image sequence to form a panoramic image according to the fact that the brightness of the images changes from dark to light from top to bottom and by combining the initial threshold value of the adjusted brightness.
Further, step S105 further includes:
the image center is taken as the center of a reference point, the diameter of a Gaussian circle is taken as a distance, and the brightness adjustment curve of the image is defined as follows:
Figure SMS_1
(1)/>
Figure SMS_2
(2)
wherein W is the width of the image, H is the height of the image,
Figure SMS_3
is the pixel coordinate of the central point of the image, is->
Figure SMS_4
Is the coordinate of any point in the image, is based on the comparison result>
Figure SMS_5
Arbitrary parameters are set according to the image. />
Figure SMS_6
Is->
Figure SMS_7
The original brightness value of the point is taken>
Figure SMS_8
Is composed of
Figure SMS_9
The new luminance value of the point.
Further, the splicing method for the images in the image sequence in S106 includes:
Figure SMS_10
(3)
Figure SMS_11
to initialize the threshold.
It should be further noted that the image information arrangement sequence of S102 includes: and sorting according to the time of image shooting.
Or ordered by time of image acquisition.
Or ordered according to image coding.
It should be further noted that the image information is image information of infrared imaging.
The invention also provides a panoramic image splicing system without the overlapping area, which comprises: the device comprises an image acquisition module, an image sorting module, an image conversion module, a threshold setting module, an image definition module and an image splicing module.
And the image acquisition module is used for acquiring the shot image information to form an image sequence.
And the image sorting module is used for sorting the image information in the image sequence according to a preset sequence.
And the image conversion module is used for converting the image into a gray image.
And the threshold setting module is used for counting the brightness difference between the right edge of the previous image and the left edge of the next image to be used as an initial threshold for adjusting the brightness.
And the image definition module is used for preprocessing the image and defining a brightness adjustment curve of the image.
And the image splicing module is used for splicing the images in the image sequence to form a panoramic image according to the fact that the brightness of the images changes from dark to bright from top to bottom and by combining with the initial threshold value of the adjusted brightness.
It should be further noted that the image defining module is further configured to define a brightness adjustment curve of the image as follows, taking the center of the image as a center of a reference point, and taking the diameter of the gaussian circle as a distance:
Figure SMS_12
(1)
Figure SMS_13
(2)
wherein W is the width of the image, H is the height of the image,
Figure SMS_14
is the pixel coordinate of the central point of the image, is->
Figure SMS_15
Is the coordinate of any point in the image, is based on the comparison result>
Figure SMS_16
Arbitrary parameters are set according to the image. />
Figure SMS_17
Is->
Figure SMS_18
The original brightness value of the point is taken>
Figure SMS_19
Is composed of
Figure SMS_20
The new luminance value of the point.
It should be further noted that the image stitching module is further configured to stitch the images in the image sequence as follows.
Figure SMS_21
(3)
Figure SMS_22
For initializing thresholdsThe value is obtained.
The invention also provides a splicing terminal which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program which is stored on the memory and can be run on the processor, wherein the processor realizes the step of the panoramic image splicing method without the overlapping area when executing the program.
According to the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
the panoramic image splicing method without the overlapping area is based on the imaging characteristics of infrared imaging images, adjusts the image brightness of the surrounding boundary of the images by taking the image center as a reference point and combining the edge brightness of two adjacent images, can enable the brightness of the image connection position to be similar after the images are spliced, and can meet the actual use requirement.
Therefore, the invention solves the problems that in the prior art, due to the influence of the environment temperature and the equipment shooting, the image brightness difference at the boundary of each image is large, the brightness difference at the joint of the directly spliced panoramic images is large, and the splicing effect is unsatisfactory by using the splicing method of the panoramic images without the overlapping areas.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings used in the description will be briefly introduced, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a panoramic image stitching method without an overlapping area.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a panoramic image stitching method without an overlapping area.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a panoramic image stitching system without an overlapping area.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the illustration provided in the method for stitching panoramic images without overlapping areas according to the present invention is merely a schematic illustration of the basic idea of the present invention, and the embodiment of the present invention may acquire and process the associated data based on the artificial intelligence technology. Among them, artificial Intelligence (AI) is a theory, method, technique and application device that simulates, extends and expands human Intelligence using a digital computer or a machine controlled by a digital computer, senses the environment, acquires knowledge and uses the knowledge to obtain the best result.
Of course, the panoramic image stitching method without the overlapping area is also based on machine learning to acquire new knowledge or skills, and reorganizes the existing knowledge structure to continuously improve the performance of the existing knowledge structure. Machine learning is the core of artificial intelligence, is the fundamental approach to make computers have intelligence, and is applied in various fields of artificial intelligence. Machine learning and deep learning generally include techniques such as artificial neural networks, belief networks, reinforcement learning, transfer learning, inductive learning, and formal education learning.
Fig. 1 shows a flowchart of a preferred embodiment of the method for stitching panoramic images without overlapping areas according to the present invention. The method for stitching panoramic images without overlapping areas is applied to one or more stitching terminals, which are devices capable of automatically performing numerical calculation and/or information processing according to preset or stored instructions, and the hardware thereof includes, but is not limited to, a microprocessor, an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Programmable gate array (FPGA), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an embedded device, and the like.
The splicing terminal may be any electronic product capable of performing human-computer interaction with a user, for example, a Personal computer, a tablet computer, a smart phone, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), an interactive Internet Protocol Television (IPTV), an intelligent wearable device, and the like.
The splicing terminal may further comprise a network device and/or a user device. The network device includes, but is not limited to, a single network server, a server group consisting of a plurality of network servers, or a Cloud Computing (Cloud Computing) based Cloud consisting of a large number of hosts or network servers.
The method for stitching panoramic images without overlapped areas of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 2, and the method for stitching panoramic images without overlapped areas can be applied to stitching scene images taken by a user, stitching commercial images into a panoramic image by the user, or stitching a monitoring image, such as traffic monitoring, construction monitoring, etc., into a panoramic image.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 to 2 are flowcharts illustrating a method for stitching panoramic images without overlapping areas according to an embodiment, the method includes:
s101, acquiring shot image information to form an image sequence. The image information may be image information for infrared imaging.
S102, arranging the image information in the image sequence according to a preset sequence.
The image information arrangement order includes: and sorting according to the time of image shooting. Or ordered by time of image acquisition. Or ordered according to image coding.
Illustratively, a certain number of images, such as 10 images, may be captured by the camera within a preset time period. 10 images can be arranged as one image sequence. A set of images is formed by arranging at the time point of photographing.
The images in the image sequence can be sequenced according to the setting sequence of the shot objects instead of the time points.
And S103, converting the image into a gray image.
A gray-scale digital image is an image with only one sample color per pixel. The gray scale image can be displayed by the contraction of three channels of red, green and blue in gray scale. The specific gravity of red, green and blue in the image is expressed by different gray scale levels, so that the image gray level meets the splicing requirement.
And S104, counting the brightness difference between the right edge of the previous image and the left edge of the next image to be used as an initial threshold value for adjusting the brightness.
And S105, preprocessing the image and defining a brightness adjustment curve of the image.
Wherein, step S105 further includes:
the image center is taken as the center of a reference point, the diameter of a Gaussian circle is taken as a distance, and the brightness adjustment curve of the image is defined as follows:
Figure SMS_23
(1)/>
Figure SMS_24
(2)
wherein W is the width of the image, H is the height of the image,
Figure SMS_25
is the pixel coordinate of the central point of the image, is->
Figure SMS_26
Is the coordinate of any point in the image, is based on the comparison result>
Figure SMS_27
Arbitrary parameters are set according to the image. />
Figure SMS_28
Is->
Figure SMS_29
The original brightness value of the point is taken>
Figure SMS_30
Is composed of
Figure SMS_31
The new luminance value of the point.
And S106, splicing the images in the image sequence to form a panoramic image according to the fact that the brightness of the images changes from dark to light from top to bottom and by combining the initial threshold value of the adjusted brightness.
The invention carries out the splicing mode of the images in the image sequence, which comprises the following steps:
Figure SMS_32
(3)
Figure SMS_33
to initialize the threshold.
The following is an embodiment of a system for stitching panoramic images without overlapping areas provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the system and the method for stitching panoramic images without overlapping areas in the embodiments belong to the same inventive concept, and details not described in detail in the embodiment of the system for stitching panoramic images without overlapping areas may refer to the embodiment of the method for stitching panoramic images without overlapping areas.
As shown in fig. 3, the system includes: the device comprises an image acquisition module, an image sorting module, an image conversion module, a threshold setting module, an image definition module and an image splicing module.
And the image acquisition module is used for acquiring the shot image information to form an image sequence.
And the image sorting module is used for sorting the image information in the image sequence according to a preset sequence.
And the image conversion module is used for converting the image into a gray image.
And the threshold setting module is used for counting the brightness difference between the right edge of the previous image and the left edge of the next image and taking the brightness difference as an initial threshold for adjusting the brightness.
And the image definition module is used for preprocessing the image and defining a brightness adjustment curve of the image.
The image definition module is further used for defining the brightness adjustment curve of the image as follows by taking the center of the image as the center of a reference point and the diameter of a Gaussian circle as a distance:
Figure SMS_34
(1)
Figure SMS_35
(2)
wherein W is the width of the image, H is the height of the image,
Figure SMS_36
is the pixel coordinate of the central point of the image, is->
Figure SMS_37
Is the coordinate of any point in the image, is based on the comparison result>
Figure SMS_38
Arbitrary parameters are set according to the image. />
Figure SMS_39
Is->
Figure SMS_40
The original brightness value of the point is taken>
Figure SMS_41
Is composed of
Figure SMS_42
The new luminance value of the point.
And the image splicing module is used for splicing the images in the image sequence to form a panoramic image according to the fact that the brightness of the images changes from dark to bright from top to bottom and by combining with the initial threshold value of the adjusted brightness. The image stitching module is further configured to stitch the images in the image sequence as follows.
Figure SMS_43
(3)
Figure SMS_44
Is an initialAnd (4) changing the threshold value.
Based on the imaging characteristics of the infrared imaging image, the brightness of the image at the peripheral boundary of the image is adjusted by taking the image center as a reference point and combining the edge brightness of two adjacent images, so that the brightness of the image joint can be similar after the images are spliced, and the actual use requirement can be met.
The elements and algorithm steps of the examples described in the embodiments disclosed in the panoramic image stitching system without overlapping areas provided by the present invention can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both, and in the above description, the components and steps of the examples have been generally described in terms of functions in order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
The flowcharts and block diagrams in the figures of the overlapping region free panoramic image stitching system provided by the present invention illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of apparatus, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. Illustratively, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.
In embodiments of the present invention, computer program code for carrying out operations of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including but not limited to an object oriented programming language such as Java, smalltalk, C + +, and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN), or the connection may be made to an external computer (for example, through the Internet using an Internet service provider).
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (9)

1. A panoramic image splicing method without an overlapped area is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s101, acquiring shot image information to form an image sequence;
s102, arranging image information in an image sequence according to a preset sequence;
s103, converting the image into a gray image;
s104, counting the brightness difference between the right edge of the previous image and the left edge of the next image to be used as an initial threshold value for adjusting the brightness;
s105, preprocessing the image, and defining a brightness adjustment curve of the image;
and S106, splicing the images in the image sequence to form a panoramic image according to the fact that the brightness of the images changes from dark to bright from top to bottom and by combining the initial threshold value of the brightness.
2. The method for stitching panoramic images without an overlapping area according to claim 1,
step S105 further includes:
the image center is taken as the center of a reference point, the diameter of a Gaussian circle is taken as a distance, and the brightness adjustment curve of the image is defined as follows:
Figure QLYQS_1
(1)
Figure QLYQS_2
(2)
wherein W is the width of the image, H is the height of the image,
Figure QLYQS_3
is the pixel coordinate of the central point of the image, is->
Figure QLYQS_4
Is the coordinate of any point in the image, is based on the comparison result>
Figure QLYQS_5
Setting any parameter according to the image; />
Figure QLYQS_6
Is->
Figure QLYQS_7
Original luminance value of a point, <' > v>
Figure QLYQS_8
Is->
Figure QLYQS_9
The new luminance value of the point.
3. The method for stitching panoramic images without an overlapping area according to claim 1,
the splicing method for the images in the image sequence in the S106 comprises the following steps:
Figure QLYQS_10
(3)
Figure QLYQS_11
to initialize the threshold.
4. The method for stitching panoramic images without an overlapping area according to claim 1,
the image information arrangement order of S102 includes: sorting according to the time of image shooting;
or sorting according to the time of image acquisition;
or sorted by image coding.
5. The method for stitching panoramic images without an overlapping area according to claim 1,
the image information is image information of infrared imaging.
6. A panoramic image stitching system without an overlapping area, which is characterized in that the system adopts the panoramic image stitching method without the overlapping area as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5;
the system comprises: the device comprises an image acquisition module, an image sorting module, an image conversion module, a threshold setting module, an image definition module and an image splicing module;
the image acquisition module is used for acquiring shot image information to form an image sequence;
the image sorting module is used for sorting the image information in the image sequence according to a preset sequence;
the image conversion module is used for converting the image into a gray image;
the threshold setting module is used for counting the brightness difference between the right edge of the previous image and the left edge of the next image to be used as an initial threshold for adjusting the brightness;
the image definition module is used for preprocessing the image and defining a brightness adjustment curve of the image;
and the image splicing module is used for splicing the images in the image sequence to form a panoramic image according to the fact that the brightness of the images changes from dark to bright from top to bottom and by combining with the initial threshold value of the regulated brightness.
7. The overlap-free panoramic image stitching system according to claim 6,
the image definition module is further used for defining the brightness adjustment curve of the image as follows by taking the center of the image as the center of a reference point and the diameter of a Gaussian circle as a distance:
Figure QLYQS_12
(1)
Figure QLYQS_13
(2)
wherein W is the width of the image, H is the height of the image,
Figure QLYQS_14
is the pixel coordinate of the central point of the image, is->
Figure QLYQS_15
Is the coordinate of any point in the image, is based on the comparison result>
Figure QLYQS_16
Setting any parameter according to the image; />
Figure QLYQS_17
Is->
Figure QLYQS_18
Original luminance value of a point, <' > v>
Figure QLYQS_19
Is->
Figure QLYQS_20
The new luminance value of the point.
8. The overlap-free panoramic image stitching system according to claim 6,
the image splicing module is also used for splicing the images in the image sequence in the following mode;
Figure QLYQS_21
(3)
Figure QLYQS_22
to initialize the threshold.
9. A stitching terminal comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor when executing the program implements the steps of the method for stitching panoramic images without overlapping areas according to any of claims 1 to 5.
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