CN115857217A - Display module and display device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The application discloses display module assembly and display device relates to and shows technical field. The embodiment of the application provides a display module, and a dimming assembly is designed in an array substrate included in a display panel of the display module, and can deflect and irradiate light rays emitted by a backlight assembly to an opening area in a shading area of a black matrix in a color film substrate. From this, can improve the light total amount that the opening district passes through, and then improve the light utilization ratio of the light that display panel sent backlight unit, display module's display effect is better.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a display module and a display device.
Background
The arrangement of the sub-pixels with different colors in the Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) device can ensure the complete display of the sub-pixels, the imaging picture is natural, and the LCD device has a long service life, so that the LCD device is widely applied in the display field at present.
In the related art, an LCD display module includes: an LCD display panel and a backlight assembly located at a non-display side of the LCD display panel. The backlight assembly is used to provide backlight for the LCD display panel. The LCD display panel generally includes an array substrate and a color film substrate which are arranged in a box-to-box manner. The array substrate comprises a plurality of pixel units, the color film substrate comprises a black matrix, and a plurality of opening areas corresponding to the pixel units are designed on the black matrix. For each pixel unit, light provided thereto by the backlight assembly may be emitted from the corresponding opening region. And the part outside the opening area of the black matrix is used as a shading area for shading the light of the non-display area so as to avoid light leakage of the display device, thereby improving the contrast of the display device.
However, the display device in the related art has a low light utilization rate and a poor display effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a display module assembly and display device, can solve the relatively poor problem of display device's display effect among the correlation technique. The technical scheme is as follows:
in one aspect, a display module is provided, the display module includes: the display device comprises a display panel and a backlight assembly positioned at the non-display side of the display panel, wherein the backlight assembly is used for providing backlight for the display panel; the display panel includes: the array substrate and the color film substrate are connected in a box-to-box manner;
the array substrate includes: the first substrate and the dimming assembly are positioned on one side of the first substrate, which is close to the color film substrate;
the color film substrate comprises: the array substrate comprises a second substrate and a black matrix positioned on one side of the second substrate close to the array substrate, wherein the black matrix is provided with a plurality of opening areas and a shading area except the opening areas;
the light adjusting component is used for deflecting and irradiating the light rays irradiated to the shading area in the light rays emitted by the backlight component to the plurality of opening areas.
Optionally, the light modulation assembly includes a plurality of pyramids, an orthographic projection of each pyramid on a reference plane is triangular, and the reference plane is perpendicular to the carrying surface of the first substrate;
each pyramid at least comprises a first surface, a second surface and a third surface, wherein the first surface is parallel to the bearing surface of the first substrate, and the second surface and the third surface are used for deflecting and irradiating light rays which are irradiated to the shading area in the light rays emitted by the backlight assembly to the plurality of opening areas.
Optionally, the shape of the orthographic projection of each pyramid on the reference plane is an isosceles triangle;
wherein an included angle between the first surface and the second surface is equal to an included angle between the first surface and the third surface.
Optionally, each of the pyramids corresponds to one of the opening regions, and an orthographic projection of each of the pyramids on the first substrate covers the orthographic projection of the corresponding opening region on the first substrate.
Optionally, an orthographic projection of the center of each pyramid on the first substrate overlaps with an orthographic projection of the center of the corresponding opening area on the first substrate.
Optionally, the array substrate further includes: the first medium layer is positioned on one side, far away from the first substrate, of the dimming assembly; the refractive index of the pyramid is greater than the refractive index of the first medium layer.
Optionally, an included angle between the first surface and the second surface, and an included angle between the first surface and the third surface range from 40 degrees to 50 degrees.
Optionally, the light-shielding regions of the black matrix at least include a plurality of first sub light-shielding regions extending along a first direction, and a plurality of second sub light-shielding regions extending along a second direction, where the first direction and the second direction intersect;
the orthographic projection of each pyramid included in the dimming component on the first substrate is positioned in the orthographic projection of the corresponding sub shading area on the first substrate.
Optionally, an orthogonal projection of a center of each pyramid on the first substrate overlaps with an orthogonal projection of a center of the corresponding sub light-shielding region on the first substrate.
Optionally, the array substrate further includes: the first medium layer is positioned on one side, far away from the first substrate, of the dimming assembly; the refractive index of the pyramid is less than the refractive index of the first medium layer.
Optionally, the array substrate further includes: the wiring layer is positioned on one side, away from the first substrate, of the dimming assembly and comprises a plurality of wiring patterns, and the orthographic projection of each wiring pattern on the first substrate is at least partially overlapped with the orthographic projection of the shading area on the first substrate;
the distance between one side of the routing pattern close to the first substrate and the top end of the pyramid satisfies the following condition: the deflection included angle is greater than or equal to the first included angle and less than or equal to the second included angle;
the first included angle is an included angle between a connecting line between the top end of the pyramid and the edge of one side, close to the first substrate, of the routing pattern and a direction perpendicular to the bearing surface of the first substrate; the second included angle is an included angle between a connecting line between the bottom end of the pyramid and an equivalent edge of the routing pattern when the black matrix is far away from one side of the first substrate and a direction perpendicular to the bearing surface of the first substrate; the deflection included angle is an included angle between the direction of the light rays emitted by the backlight assembly after the light rays are deflected by the pyramid and the direction perpendicular to the bearing surface of the first substrate.
Optionally, the first included angle θ' satisfies:
the second included angle θ ″ satisfies:
wherein w is the width of the trace pattern, m is the width of the opening area, H is the distance between one side of the trace pattern close to the first substrate and one side of the black matrix far away from the first substrate, and H is the distance between one side of the trace pattern close to the first substrate and the top end of the pyramid.
Optionally, the display module further includes: and the collimation assembly is positioned between the backlight assembly and the display panel and is used for collimating and modulating the light rays emitted by the backlight assembly and then irradiating the light rays to the display panel.
In another aspect, there is provided a display device including: the power supply assembly and the display module set are as described in the above aspects;
the power supply assembly is used for supplying power to the display module.
Optionally, the display device is a near-eye light field display device.
The beneficial effect that technical scheme that this application provided brought includes at least:
the application provides a display module and a display device, wherein a light dimming assembly is designed in an array substrate included by a display panel of the display module, and the light dimming assembly can deflect light rays irradiated to a shading area of a black matrix in a color film substrate in the light rays emitted by a backlight assembly and irradiate to an opening area. Therefore, the total amount of light passing through the opening area can be improved, the light utilization rate of light emitted by the display panel to the backlight assembly is further improved, and the display effect of the display module is better.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of light ray emergence according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a graph illustrating a relationship between a maximum light-emitting angle of a display module and a base angle of a pyramid according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a graph of a simulated relationship between a normalized angle and a base angle of a pyramid provided by an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a graph illustrating a relationship between angular brightness and an angle of a light-emitting angle of a display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 6 is a partial schematic view of the graph shown in FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a graph of the ratio of total illumination fluctuation versus the base angle of the pyramid provided by the embodiments of the present application;
fig. 8 is a top view of a black matrix according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another display module provided in the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a black matrix and routing layer provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 11 is a graph illustrating the relationship between the luminance gain within 25 ° and the light-emitting angle of the backlight assembly according to the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 12 is a graph of the gain of illumination within 25 ° versus the lens crown according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 13 is a graph illustrating the relationship between the focal length of a lens and the lens crown according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the present application. Referring to fig. 1, the display module 10 may include: a display panel 101 and a backlight unit (BLU) 102 located at a non-display side of the display panel 101. The backlight assembly 102 is used to provide backlight for the display panel 101.
Referring to fig. 1, the display panel 101 includes: the display panel 101 further includes a Liquid Crystal (LC) layer 1013 between the array substrate 1011 and the color filter substrate 1012. The array substrate 1011 includes: the liquid crystal display panel includes a first substrate 10111, and a dimming component 10112 located on a side of the first substrate 10111 close to the color film substrate 1012. The color filter substrate 1012 includes: a second substrate 10121, and a Black Matrix (BM) 10122 on a side of the second substrate 10121 close to the array substrate 1011. The black matrix 10122 has a plurality of opening areas a1 and light-shielding areas a2 other than the plurality of opening areas a1.
In the embodiment of the present application, the dimming component 10112 can be used to deflect and irradiate the light irradiated to the light shielding region a2 to the plurality of opening regions a1 from the light emitted from the backlight component 102. That is, by providing the dimming component 10112, the light that cannot be originally irradiated to the opening area a1 can be deflected to the opening area a1 and emitted, so that the total amount of light passing through the opening area a1 is increased, the light utilization rate of the light emitted from the backlight component 102 by the display panel 101 is improved, and the display effect of the display module is further improved.
To sum up, the embodiment of the present application provides a display module, a light modulation assembly is designed in an array substrate included in a display panel of the display module, and the light modulation assembly can deflect light rays irradiated to a shading area of a black matrix in a color film substrate from light rays emitted by a backlight assembly and irradiate to an opening area. From this, can improve the light total amount that the opening district passes through, and then improve the light utilization ratio of the light that display panel sent backlight unit, display module's display effect is better.
Both the first substrate 10111 and the second substrate 10121 may be glass (glass) substrates.
As can be seen with reference to fig. 1, the dimming component 10112 may comprise a plurality of pyramids b. The shape of the orthographic projection of each pyramid b on the reference plane is triangular. The reference plane is perpendicular to the carrying surface of the first substrate 10111.
Wherein each pyramid b comprises at least a first face b1, a second face b2 and a third face b3. The first surface b1 is parallel to the carrying surface of the first substrate 10111. The second face b2 and the third face b3 are used for deflecting and irradiating light rays irradiated to the light shielding region a2 among light rays emitted from the backlight assembly 102 to the plurality of opening regions a1.
Alternatively, the shape of the orthographic projection of each pyramid b on the reference plane is an isosceles triangle. The angle between the first surface b1 and the second surface b2 is equal to the angle between the first surface b1 and the third surface b3. Therefore, the pyramid b is of a symmetrical structure, the deflection effect of the second face b2 and the deflection effect of the third face b3 on light rays are consistent, and the uniformity of the display effect of the display module 10 is guaranteed.
As an alternative realization, with reference to fig. 1, each pyramid b corresponds to one opening area a1. And, an orthographic projection of each pyramid b on the first substrate 10111 covers an orthographic projection of the corresponding opening area a1 on the first substrate 10111. This makes it possible to refract the light emitted from the opening area a1 by the pyramid b, thereby increasing the amount of light emitted.
Wherein an orthographic projection of the center of each pyramid b on the first base plate 10111 overlaps with an orthographic projection of the center of the corresponding opening area a1 on the first base plate 10111. That is, the pyramid b may be disposed at the center of the opening area a1, so that the light irradiated to the opening area a1 by the pyramid b is deflected to be symmetrical with the opening area a1, thereby ensuring the symmetry of the light and improving the display effect of the display module 10.
Optionally, the array substrate 1011 further includes: a first dielectric layer 10113 on a side of the light adjusting member 10112 away from the first substrate 10111. The refractive index of the pyramid b is greater than the refractive index of the first medium layer 10113. Based on the position of the pyramid b and the refractive index relationship between the pyramid b and the first medium layer 10113, the light can be deflected to the open area a1. The first dielectric layer 10113 may be an Optical Clear (OC) layer.
Referring to fig. 2, a backlight assembly 102 and a firstSubstrates 10111 have a gap therebetween, and the medium in the gap is typically air. It is assumed that the light irradiated from the backlight assembly 102 to the first substrate 10111 has an angle in the range of- ψ to ψ with respect to the vertical direction. Since the refractive index of the pyramid b is larger than that of air (there is a difference in refractive index), the angle between the light ray and the vertical direction (the vertical direction is the normal direction) can be narrowed to
To/is>
Further, since there is also a difference in refractive index between the pyramid b and the first substrate 10111, the angle between the light ray and the vertical direction can be further narrowed to- β to β. Since the normal line of the second surface B2 (or the third surface B3) of the pyramid B is perpendicular to the second surface B2 (or the third surface B3), it is assumed that the incident angle of the light ray with the light emission angle β on the second surface B2 (or the third surface B3) becomes a, and the incident angle of the light ray with the light emission angle- β on the second surface B2 (or the third surface B3) becomes B. Due to the difference in refractive index between the pyramid B and the first medium layer 10113, after the light is refracted by the second surface B2 (or the third surface B3) of the pyramid B, the exit angles of the light and the normal of the second surface B2 (or the third surface B3) are included as a 'and B'. The outgoing angles of the two beams of light outgoing at the light outgoing side of the display module are A 'and B' respectively. In fig. 2, c1 may be equivalent to the surface of the first substrate close to the backlight assembly, and c2 may be equivalent to the light emitting surface of the display panel.
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
a "> A '> A, B" > B' > B. And, since the incident angle a and the incident angle B are both related to the size of the base angle of the pyramid B, and are generally not equal. For example, in fig. 1, assuming that the base angle of pyramid B is α, a = α - β and B = α + β.
It should be noted that even if the light finally emitted from the light-emitting side has different exit angles, the transmission process of the whole optical path follows the refraction law of light: n is 1 ×sinθ 1 ＝n 2 ×sinθ 2 . Wherein, refer to FIG. 2,n 1 Is the refractive index of the medium of the first material, theta 1 Is the angle of incidence of the light, n 2 Is the refractive index of the medium of the second material, theta 2 Is the angle of refraction of a light ray. For example, in the case where light is irradiated from the first substrate 10111 to the first face b1 of the pyramid b, the first material medium is the first substrate 10111, n 1 Is the refractive index, θ, of the first substrate 10111 1 Is that
The second material medium being a pyramid b, n 2 Is the refractive index of the pyramid b, θ 2 Is beta.
Typically, for near-eye light field display products, such as Virtual Reality (VR) products or Augmented Reality (AR) products, the angle range of the light rays irradiated by the backlight assembly 102 to the display panel 101 is typically-45 ° to 45 °. But the angular range of the light finally emitted for the product (i.e. the angular range of the light exit angle at the light exit side) needs to be-25 deg. to 25 deg.. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, it is desirable to enable the dimming component 10112 to brighten the total illumination of light within 25 degrees as much as possible.
Fig. 3 is a graph illustrating a relationship between a maximum light-emitting angle of a display module and a base angle of a pyramid according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 3, it can be seen that, as the base angle of the pyramid b increases, the maximum light-emitting angle of the display module increases first; when the angle of the pyramid b is increased to a certain value, the maximum light-emitting angle of the display module is not changed greatly (the light rays in the range are mainly totally reflected) along with the increase of the base angle of the pyramid b; and finally, the maximum light-emitting angle of the display module is reduced along with the continuous increase of the base angle of the pyramid b.
The refractive index of the pyramid b ranges from 1.7 to 2.0. That is, the refractive index of the pyramid b cannot be too small nor too large. For example, referring to fig. 3, if the refractive index of the pyramid b is 2.1, the total reflection of the light will occur when the base angle of the pyramid b is small, i.e. the probability of total reflection is high, which may adversely affect the gain of the light, and there is no other benefit in narrowing the light beam, so the refractive index of the pyramid b cannot be too large. With reference to fig. 3, if the refractive index of the pyramid b is 1.6, the maximum light-emitting angle of the display module cannot reach within 25 degrees of the target angle even when the base angle of the pyramid b is up to 80 °, and the requirement of increasing the total light-emitting illuminance within 25 degrees cannot be met, so the refractive index of the pyramid b cannot be too small.
Referring to fig. 3, in the case that the refractive index of the pyramid b is 1.8, the narrowing of the light (i.e. the angle smaller than the light irradiated to the display panel 101 by the backlight assembly 102) can be achieved when the base angle of the pyramid b is greater than 60 °, and the narrowing of the light to within 25 ° can be achieved when the base angle of the pyramid b is greater than 75 °. In addition, the light totally reflected by the pyramid b can be reused after being diffused and reflected by the backlight assembly 102, and thus, the illuminance value within 25 degrees can be increased, and the gain of the light can be realized.
Fig. 4 is a graph showing a simulated relationship between the normalized angular luminance and the base angle of the pyramid according to the embodiment of the present application. Referring to fig. 4, the angle at the half-width position of the scheme with the pyramid is smaller than that of the scheme without the pyramid, that is, the narrowing of the angular spectrum can be realized by the pyramid relative to the pyramid without the pyramid. When the base angle of the pyramid b is 65 °, the angle of a light ray refracted from the interface between the second surface b2 (or the third surface b 3) of the pyramid b and the first medium layer 10113 (which has not yet exited from the light exit side) is approximately 24 °, and the light ray has a certain divergence when exiting from the light exit side of the display module, and the divergence angle thereof is approximately 34.27 °. That is, when the base angle of the pyramid b is 65 °, the light emitted from the light exit side cannot be narrowed to within 25 °. When the base angle of the pyramid b is 75 °, the angle of a light ray refracted from the interface between the second surface b2 or the third surface b3 of the pyramid b and the first medium layer 10113 (which has not yet been emitted from the display panel 101) is approximately 15 °, the light ray has a certain divergence when emitted from the light-emitting side, and the angle after the divergence is approximately 25 °. That is, when the base angle of the pyramid b is 75 °, the light emitted from the light exit side can be narrowed to within 25 °. The simulation results may be matched to the theoretical values shown in fig. 3.
From the above analysis, it can be seen that the luminance value boost within 25 degrees of the light ray can be achieved when the base angle of the pyramid b is greater than 75 ° taking into account only the refraction effect of the pyramid b, and not the reflection of the backlight assembly 102.
Further, in consideration of the reflection characteristic of the backlight assembly 102, assuming that the total light flux of the backlight assembly 102 is M, the light with a lumen (lumen) can be narrowed to within 25 ° once after being dimmed by the pyramid b, and the light with b lumen can be irradiated onto the backlight assembly 102 after being reflected by the pyramid b. Assuming that the transmittance of the backlight assembly 102 is Tr, the light of b lumen after being reflected by the pyramid b is irradiated onto the backlight assembly 102 may be b × Tr lumen. Further, the light of b × Tr lumen may be b × Tr × Trlumen reflected by the backlight assembly 102 and capable of being irradiated to the display panel 101. The b × Tr × Tr lumen light is modulated by the pyramid b
Can be narrowed to within 25 deg.. Based on this, assuming that there is c lumen of light covered within 25 ° in the pyramid-free scheme, the illumination gain within 25 degrees after pyramid b dimming can be expressed as:
referring to table 1 below, in a case where the dimming of the pyramid b and the reflection gain of the backlight assembly 102 are simultaneously considered, the gain is large in a range where the base angle of the pyramid b is approximately 40 ° to 50 °. The larger the transmittance of the light source is, the larger the gain is.
TABLE 1
Based on table 1 above, it can be seen that when the base angle of pyramid b is too large (e.g., greater than 60 °), no illumination gain can be achieved within 25 °. The main reason is that the pyramid b has a large distribution range of total reflection angles of light, and the transmittance loss of the backlight assembly 102 makes the light recycled for the second time unable to fill up the loss. Whereas in the range of 40 to 50 deg. the delivered power of pyramid b is small due to its small high angle light capacity, but instead can produce an illumination gain in 25 deg..
Fig. 5 is a graph illustrating a relationship between angular brightness and an angle of a light-emitting angle of a display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 6 is a partial schematic view of the graph shown in fig. 5. As can be seen from fig. 5 and 6, compared with the scheme without the pyramid, the scheme with the pyramid has a narrower emergent ray angle, i.e., the light ray narrowing effect can be achieved. In addition, taking the base angles of the pyramids b as 40 °, the luminance of the backlight assembly 102 is greater than that of the embodiment without the pyramids b when the transmittance is 80% and 100%. Wherein 5.00E +05 in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 represents 5 × 10 5 2.00E +06 represents 2 × 10 6 The rest of the similarities are not described in detail.
In the embodiment of the present application, a part of the gain effect of the pyramid b is reflected in narrowing of the entire light-emitting angle spectrum, and energy rises in a certain viewing angle, and the other part of the pyramid b deflects light originally irradiated onto other shielding objects such as a metal layer (e.g., a data line) in the array substrate 1011 into the opening region a1, thereby realizing an illuminance gain.
Referring to fig. 7, when the refractive index of the pyramid b is 1.95 or 2.1, the total illumination of the light gradually increases and then gradually decreases as the base angle of the pyramid b increases, so that the effect of obtaining the illumination gain is poor. When the refractive index of the pyramid b is 1.8, the total illumination of the light ray is firstly increased and then reduced in a small range along with the increase of the base angle of the pyramid b, and the total illumination of the light ray still can reach more than 100 percent (namely gain can be generated) when the base angle of the pyramid b is 40 degrees. And, when the base angle of the pyramid b is 35 °, the total illumination of the light reaches the maximum gain, namely 118%.
As shown in fig. 7, the light-emitting angle of the backlight assembly 102 is within 10 °, the base angle of the pyramid b is selected to be 35 °, and the total illumination of the light rays reaches the maximum gain. In addition, as shown in table 1, the light-emitting angle of the backlight assembly 102 is within 45 °, the base angle of the pyramid b is selected to be 40 ° to 50 °, and the luminance gain of the light is large. That is, the light-emitting angle of the backlight assembly 102 may influence the selection of the base angle of the pyramid b. The light-emitting angle of the backlight assembly 102 may be 10 °, which is a case where a collimating assembly is designed between the backlight assembly 102 and the display panel 101, and the angle of the light emitted by the backlight assembly 102, after being collimated by the collimating assembly, to the display panel 101 is within 10 °.
Fig. 8 is a top view of a black matrix according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 8, the light-shielding region a2 of the black matrix 10122 at least includes a plurality of first sub light-shielding regions a21 extending along the first direction X, and a plurality of second sub light-shielding regions a22 extending along the second direction Y. The first direction X and the second direction Y intersect, for example, the first direction X and the second direction Y are perpendicular.
As another alternative implementation manner, referring to fig. 9, an orthogonal projection of each pyramid b included in the dimming component 10112 on the first substrate 10111 is located within an orthogonal projection of a corresponding one of the sub shading areas on the first substrate 10111. The pyramid b can deflect the light originally irradiated to the light shielding region a2 to irradiate to the opening region a1, thereby realizing the gain of the light.
Optionally, an orthogonal projection of the center of each pyramid b on the first substrate 10111 overlaps with an orthogonal projection of the center of the corresponding sub light-shielding region a2 on the first substrate 10111. That is, the pyramid b may be disposed at the center of the light shielding region a2, so that the light deflected by the second surface b2 of the pyramid b irradiates on one of the opening regions a1, the light deflected by the third surface b3 irradiates on the other opening region a1, the two opening regions a1 are symmetrically arranged with the pyramid b as the axis, and the light deflected by the pyramid b to the two opening regions a1 has high symmetry, thereby improving the display effect of the display module.
Optionally, the refractive index of the pyramid b is smaller than the refractive index of the first medium layer 10113. Based on the position of the pyramid b and the refractive index relationship between the pyramid b and the first medium layer 10113, the light can be deflected to the open area a1.
In an embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 1 and 8, the array substrate 1011 may further include: a wiring layer 10114 on a side of the dimming component 10112 away from the first substrate 10111. The routing layer 10114 includes a plurality of routing patterns m, and an orthographic projection of each routing pattern m on the first substrate 10111 at least partially overlaps with an orthographic projection of the light shielding region a2 on the first substrate 10111. The routing layer 10114 may be made of a metal material, i.e., the routing layer 10114 also blocks light.
For example, referring to fig. 10, it is assumed that the trace pattern m is a data trace, and the data trace is located on the source drain layer. The width of the orthographic projection of the data trace on the first substrate 10111 is greater than the width of the orthographic projection of the light shielding region a2 on the first substrate 10111. The data trace extends along the first direction X, the array substrate 1011 further includes a gate line extending along the second direction Y, and an orthographic projection of the light shielding region a2 of the black matrix 10122 on the first substrate 10111 and an orthographic projection of the gate line on the first substrate 10111 are at least partially overlapped.
Referring to fig. 9, the distance between one side of the trace pattern m close to the first substrate 10111 and the top end of the pyramid b satisfies: the deflection included angle is greater than or equal to the first included angle theta 'and less than or equal to the second included angle theta'. The first included angle θ' is an included angle between a connection line between the top end of the pyramid b and the edge of the side of the routing pattern m close to the first substrate 10111 and a direction perpendicular to the carrying surface of the first substrate 10111. The second included angle θ ″ is an included angle between a connection line between the bottom end of the pyramid b and an equivalent edge of the routing pattern m when the black matrix 10122 is away from the first substrate 10111, and a direction perpendicular to the carrying surface of the first substrate 10111. The deflection included angle is an included angle between a direction of the light emitted from the backlight assembly 102 after being deflected by the pyramid b and a direction perpendicular to the carrying surface of the first substrate 10111. That is, the distance between the side of the trace pattern m close to the first substrate 10111 and the top of the pyramid b is selected such that the light refracted by the pyramid b can be irradiated to the opening area a1.
Alternatively, referring to fig. 9, the first included angle θ' satisfies:
the second included angle θ ″ satisfies:
w is the width of the wiring pattern m, m is the width of the opening area a1, H is the distance between one side of the wiring pattern m close to the first substrate 10111 and one side of the black matrix 10122 far away from the first substrate 10111, and H is the distance between one side of the wiring pattern m close to the first substrate 10111 and the top end of the pyramid b.
Assuming that w =1 micrometer (μm), m =4 μm, and H =6 μm, reference table 2 shows the angles (prism exit angles) between the light exiting rays of the second face b2 (or the third face b 3) of the prism and the vertical direction, which are prisms with different refractive indexes and corresponding to different base angles. Referring to table 2, it can be seen that the light exit angle of the prism is related to the refractive index of the prism, the base angle of the prism, and the distance h between the side of the trace pattern m close to the first substrate 10111 and the top of the pyramid b. Moreover, only on the premise that the light-emitting angle of the prism is less than 16 °, the light-emitting angle of the display module 10 can be guaranteed to be within 25 °. That is, the numbers 1,6,7,8 and 12 can ensure that the light-emitting angle of the display module 10 is within 25 °.
TABLE 2
| Serial number | Distance h | Refractive index of prism | Base angle of prism | Prism light-emitting |
| 1 | 2 | 1.24 | 60 | 14.28181767 |
| 2 | 2 | 1.24 | 65 | 16.47762423 |
| 3 | 2 | 1.24 | 70 | 19.03034365 |
| 4 | 2 | 1.24 | 75 | 22.01302464 |
| 5 | 2 | 1.24 | 80 | 25.50076721 |
| 6 | 3 | 1.24 | 50 | 10.70869676 |
| 7 | 3 | 1.24 | 55 | 12.37744489 |
| 8 | 3 | 1.24 | 60 | 14.28181767 |
| 9 | 3 | 1.24 | 65 | 16.47762423 |
| 10 | 3 | 1.24 | 70 | 19.03034365 |
| 11 | 3 | 1.24 | 75 | 22.01302464 |
| 12 | 3 | 1.42 | 80 | 11.20679863 |
Referring to fig. 11, modeling analysis is performed by using a parameter numbered 1, and by designing the pyramid b of the dimming component 10112 to be located below the light shielding region a2, a luminance gain within 25 ° can be achieved, but there is a certain requirement for the collimation of the light emitted from the backlight component 102. For example, in fig. 11, the light-emitting angle of the backlight assembly 102 is within 25 °, and the luminance gain within 25 ° can be achieved.
Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, the display module 10 may further include: a collimating assembly (not shown) positioned between the backlight assembly 102 and the display panel 101. The collimating assembly is used for collimating and modulating the light emitted from the backlight assembly 102 and then irradiating the light to the display panel 101. By designing the collimating assembly, an angle between a direction of the light emitted from the backlight assembly 102 and the light incident on the display panel 101 and a supporting surface perpendicular to the first substrate 10111 can be less than 25 °.
In the embodiment of the present application, the light modulating component 10112 is integrated within the array substrate 1011, and has a low requirement on the collimation of the light emitted from the backlight assembly 102. If the light modulating element 10112 is directly disposed between the array substrate 1011 and the backlight assembly 102, the requirement for collimation of the light emitted from the backlight assembly 102 is very high.
Referring to fig. 12, taking the transmittance of the backlight assembly 101 as 63% and the refractive index of the lens of the dimming assembly as 1.56 as an example, assuming that the dimming assembly 10112 is designed between the array substrate 1011 and the backlight assembly 102, if the collimation of the light emitted from the backlight assembly 102 is low (e.g. the light-emitting angle of the backlight assembly is 10 ° or 20 °), it is difficult to achieve the luminance gain within 25 ° regardless of the size of the structure (e.g. the lens) in the dimming assembly 10112. A gain in illumination of up to 25 is only achieved if the light emitted by the backlight assembly 102 is strictly collimated (i.e., the light exit angle of the backlight assembly is 0).
However, the existing collimating assembly has a limited effect of collimating light, cannot make the light be strictly collimated light, and can only realize the beam-narrowing of the light at a certain angle (for example, the light may only be converged to within 25 °).
Furthermore, the light-adjusting component 10112 needs to achieve the function of collecting light, and needs to make the focal length of the lens greater than 100 μm, so that the intersection of the lens is converged on the side of the routing layer 10114 away from the first substrate 10111. However, referring to fig. 13, in the manufacturing process (thermal reflow) of the light adjusting module 10112, only the lens of the light adjusting module 10112 with the aperture D and the height H greater than 2 and less than 7 can be manufactured, and the focal length of the lens that can be manufactured is within 100 μm, so that the light beam cannot be converged.
Also, if the dimming device 10112 is designed between the array substrate 1011 and the backlight assembly 102, the thickness of only the first substrate 10111 of the array substrate 1011 is greater than 100 μm (e.g., the thickness of the first substrate 10111 is typically 500 μm). If the light-adjusting component 10112 designed between the array substrate 1011 and the backlight assembly 102 is required to achieve the function of collecting light, the first substrate 10111 needs to be thinned to a thickness within 100 μm. However, the substrate within 100 μm cannot be prepared by subsequent film layers, and cannot be realized in process.
As can be seen from the above analysis, in the solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the pyramid b of the dimming component 10112 is integrated on the array substrate 1011, so that on one hand, the collimation requirement of the light irradiated to the display panel 101 can be reduced (only the collimation component needs to be designed between the backlight component 102 and the array substrate 1011), so as to improve the gain of illumination within 25 °; on the other hand, the pyramid b can be conveniently prepared, and the light beam can be collected.
In the embodiment of the present application, the array substrate 1011 further includes: a second dielectric layer 10115 on a side of the first dielectric layer 10112 away from the first substrate 10111, a third dielectric layer 10116 on a side of the wiring layer 10114 away from the first substrate 10111, and a common electrode (com) 10117 on a side of the third dielectric layer 10116 away from the first substrate 10111. The material of the common electrode 10117 may be a transparent material, such as Indium Tin Oxide (ITO). The color filter substrate 1012 further includes a fourth dielectric layer 10123 on a side of the black matrix 10122 away from the second substrate 10121.
Optionally, the second dielectric layer 10115 may be a buffer layer (buffer), the third dielectric layer 10116 may be an Inter Level Dielectric (ILD), and the fourth dielectric layer may be an optical adhesive layer (OC).
In the embodiment of the present application, in the solution shown in fig. 1, the pyramid b may be a rectangular pyramid, that is, the pyramid b includes four oblique side surfaces in addition to the first surface b1 parallel to the carrying surface of the first substrate 10111, and the four side surfaces may be used for deflecting the light irradiated to the light-shielding area a2 to irradiate to the opening area a1. In the scheme shown in fig. 9, the pyramid b may be a strip-shaped structure, and an orthographic projection of the pyramid b on the first substrate 10111 overlaps with an orthographic projection of the sub light-shielding region on the first substrate 10111, and two oblique side surfaces of the pyramid b may be used for deflecting light irradiated to the light-shielding region a2 to irradiate to the opening region a1.
To sum up, the embodiment of the present application provides a display module, a light modulation assembly is designed in an array substrate included in a display panel of the display module, and the light modulation assembly can deflect light rays irradiated to a shading area of a black matrix in a color film substrate from light rays emitted by a backlight assembly and irradiate to an opening area. From this, can improve the light total amount that the opening district passes through, and then improve the light utilization ratio of the light that display panel sent backlight unit, display module's display effect is better.
Fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present application. Referring to fig. 14, the display device may include: a power supply assembly 20 and the display module 10 provided in the above embodiments. The power supply assembly 20 can be used for supplying power to the display module 10.
Alternatively, the display device may be a near-eye light field display device. For example, the display device is a VR device or an AR device.
Since the display device can have substantially the same technical effects as the display module described in the previous embodiment, for the sake of brevity, the technical effects of the display device will not be described repeatedly herein.
It will be understood that, although the terms first, second, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer or section discussed above could be termed a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the present disclosure.
Spatially relative terms such as "below …", "above …", "left", "right", and the like may be used herein for ease of description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element(s) or feature(s) as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that these spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "below" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term "below …" may encompass both orientations above … and below …. The devices may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly. In addition, it will also be understood that when a layer is referred to as being "between" two layers, it can be the only layer between the two layers, or one or more intervening layers may also be present.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. The particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in this specification may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and/or the present specification and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
The above description is intended only to illustrate the alternative embodiments of the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (15)
1. A display module, characterized in that, display module (10) includes: a display panel (101) and a backlight assembly (102) located at a non-display side of the display panel (101), the backlight assembly (102) being for providing backlight to the display panel (101); the display panel (101) comprises: an array substrate (1011) and a color film substrate (1012) which are connected in a box-to-box manner;
the array substrate (1011) includes: the color filter comprises a first substrate (10111) and a dimming assembly (10112) positioned on one side, close to the color filter substrate (1012), of the first substrate (10111);
the color film substrate (1012) comprises: a second substrate (10121), and a black matrix (10122) positioned at a side of the second substrate (10121) close to the array substrate (1011), the black matrix (10122) having a plurality of opening regions (a 1) and a light shielding region (a 2) except for the plurality of opening regions (a 1);
wherein the light adjusting assembly (10112) is used for deflecting and irradiating the light irradiated to the light shielding area (a 2) in the light emitted by the backlight assembly (102) to the plurality of opening areas (a 1).
2. The display module according to claim 1, wherein the light modulating assembly (10112) comprises a plurality of pyramids (b), each of which has an orthographic projection in a reference plane perpendicular to the carrying surface of the first substrate (10111) and is triangular in shape;
wherein each pyramid (b) at least comprises a first face (b 1), a second face (b 2) and a third face (b 3), the first face (b 1) is parallel to the carrying face of the first substrate (10111), and the second face (b 2) and the third face (b 3) are used for deflecting and irradiating the light rays irradiated to the light shielding area (a 2) in the light rays emitted by the backlight assembly (102) to the plurality of opening areas (a 1).
3. A display module according to claim 2, wherein the orthographic projection of each pyramid (b) on the reference plane is shaped as an isosceles triangle;
wherein an included angle between the first surface (b 1) and the second surface (b 2) is equal to an included angle between the first surface (b 1) and the third surface (b 3).
4. A display module according to claim 2, wherein each pyramid (b) corresponds to one of the opening regions (a 1), and an orthographic projection of each pyramid (b) on the first substrate (10111) covers the orthographic projection of the corresponding opening region (a 1) on the first substrate (10111).
5. A display module according to claim 4, wherein the orthographic projection of the center of each pyramid (b) on the first substrate (10111) overlaps with the orthographic projection of the center of the corresponding open area (a 1) on the first substrate (10111).
6. The display module of claim 4, wherein the array substrate (1011) further comprises: a first dielectric layer (10113) on a side of the dimming component (10112) away from the first substrate (10111); the refractive index of the pyramid (b) is greater than the refractive index of the first medium layer (10113).
7. The display module according to claim 4, wherein the included angle between the first face (b 1) and the second face (b 2), and the included angle between the first face (b 1) and the third face (b 3) range from 40 degrees to 50 degrees.
8. The display module according to claim 2, wherein the light-shielding regions (a 2) of the black matrix (10122) comprise at least a plurality of first sub light-shielding regions (a 21) extending along a first direction (X), and a plurality of second sub light-shielding regions (a 22) extending along a second direction (Y), the first direction (X) and the second direction (Y) intersecting;
the orthographic projection of each pyramid (b) included in the dimming component (10112) on the first substrate (10111) is positioned in the orthographic projection of the corresponding sub shading area (a 2) on the first substrate (10111).
9. The display module according to claim 8, wherein an orthographic projection of the center of each pyramid (b) on the first substrate (10111) overlaps with an orthographic projection of the center of the corresponding sub light-shielding region (a 2) on the first substrate (10111).
10. The display module of claim 8, wherein the array substrate (1011) further comprises: a first dielectric layer (10113) on a side of the dimming component (10112) away from the first substrate (10111); the refractive index of the pyramid (b) is smaller than the refractive index of the first medium layer (10113).
11. The display module of claim 8, wherein the array substrate (1011) further comprises: a routing layer (10114) located on a side of the dimming component (10112) away from the first substrate (10111), wherein the routing layer (10114) includes a plurality of routing patterns (m), and an orthographic projection of each routing pattern (m) on the first substrate (10111) at least partially overlaps with an orthographic projection of the light shielding region (a 2) on the first substrate (10111);
the distance between one side of the routing pattern (m) close to the first substrate (10111) and the top end of the pyramid (b) satisfies the following condition: the deflection included angle is greater than or equal to the first included angle and less than or equal to the second included angle;
wherein the first included angle is an included angle between a connection line between the top end of the pyramid (b) and the edge of one side of the routing pattern (m) close to the first substrate (10111) and a direction perpendicular to the carrying surface of the first substrate (10111); the second included angle is an included angle between a connection line between the bottom end of the pyramid (b) and an equivalent edge of the routing pattern (m) when the black matrix (10122) is far away from one side of the first substrate (10111) and a direction perpendicular to the carrying surface of the first substrate (10111); the deflection included angle is an included angle between a direction of a light ray emitted by the backlight assembly (102) after being deflected by the pyramid (b) and a direction perpendicular to the bearing surface of the first substrate (10111).
12. The display module of claim 11,
wherein w is a width of the trace pattern (m), m is a width of the opening area (a 1), H is a distance between a side of the trace pattern (m) close to the first substrate (10111) and a side of the black matrix (10122) away from the first substrate (10111), and H is a distance between a side of the trace pattern (m) close to the first substrate (10111) and a top end of the pyramid (b).
13. The display module according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the display module further comprises: the collimation assembly is positioned between the backlight assembly (102) and the display panel (101), and is used for collimating and modulating light rays emitted by the backlight assembly (102) and then irradiating the light rays to the display panel (101).
14. A display device, characterized in that the display device comprises: a power supply assembly (20) and a display module (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 13;
the power supply assembly (20) is used for supplying power to the display module (10).
15. The display device of claim 14, wherein the display device is a near-eye light field display device.
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