CN115851233A - Biodegradable dust suppressant and preparation method and use method thereof - Google Patents
Biodegradable dust suppressant and preparation method and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115851233A CN115851233A CN202211588575.0A CN202211588575A CN115851233A CN 115851233 A CN115851233 A CN 115851233A CN 202211588575 A CN202211588575 A CN 202211588575A CN 115851233 A CN115851233 A CN 115851233A
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- biodegradable
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- itaconic acid
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- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229920000379 polypropylene carbonate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- -1 polypropylene carbonate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920003063 hydroxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 229940031574 hydroxymethyl cellulose Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009775 high-speed stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920005552 sodium lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- YRHRIQCWCFGUEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioxanthen-9-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 YRHRIQCWCFGUEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- SJEBAWHUJDUKQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylanthraquinone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(CC)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 SJEBAWHUJDUKQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- UCVMQZHZWWEPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium(2+);hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound [Ba+2].OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O UCVMQZHZWWEPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- NKWPZUCBCARRDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O NKWPZUCBCARRDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- QWDJLDTYWNBUKE-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O QWDJLDTYWNBUKE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000022 magnesium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000014824 magnesium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002370 magnesium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ZMCUDHNSHCRDBT-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Cs+].OC([O-])=O ZMCUDHNSHCRDBT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- WJMMDJOFTZAHHS-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium;carbonic acid;carbonate Chemical compound [Sr+2].OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O WJMMDJOFTZAHHS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
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- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
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- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004114 Ammonium polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000005653 Brownian motion process Effects 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019826 ammonium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001276 ammonium polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 description 1
- KBIVJEJLESOYIP-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium(2+);2-methylidenebutanedioate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]C(=O)CC(=C)C([O-])=O KBIVJEJLESOYIP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005537 brownian motion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XOCSOTJWKWOFLU-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;2-methylidenebutanedioate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C(=O)CC(=C)C([O-])=O XOCSOTJWKWOFLU-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CEDDGDWODCGBFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamimidoylazanium;hydron;phosphate Chemical compound NC(N)=N.OP(O)(O)=O CEDDGDWODCGBFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KMGUUVHVXYFYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;2-methylidenebutanedioate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C(=O)CC(=C)C([O-])=O KMGUUVHVXYFYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XFZRQAZGUOTJCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 XFZRQAZGUOTJCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Landscapes
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a biodegradable dust suppressant, which is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 32-40 parts of polypropylene carbonate polyol, 0.3-0.5 part of photoinitiator, 1-3 parts of itaconic acid, 53-57 parts of deionized water, 1-3 parts of dispersant, 0.6-1.4 parts of neutralizer, 0.5-1.5 parts of wetting agent and 1-3 parts of moisture absorbent. The invention also discloses a preparation method and a use method of the biodegradable dust suppressant. The biodegradable dust suppressant disclosed by the invention can be used for infiltrating, capturing and agglomerating dry dust for settlement, and after the dust is settled, a high-toughness soil sealing film is formed, so that firm skinning which has certain strength and toughness and can resist rolling of vehicle tires is formed on the surface of a road, secondary pollution is avoided, and the preparation method and the use method thereof are simple, are free of corrosion and biodegradable, and can effectively reduce the harm of dust to pedestrians and vehicles.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of dust fall, in particular to a biodegradable dust suppressant and a preparation method and a use method thereof.
Background
Coal and various metal and nonmetal mining areas, mineral powder slag stockyard, coal and mineral powder transportation, mineral earthwork storage and unloading field, building demolition, places along a road under construction, a thermal power plant, a cement plant, a steel plant, a metallurgical plant, a dust workshop, an artificial beach, a desertification area and the like generate a large amount of dust every day, and the problem of the quality of the environmental air is increasingly prominent along with the continuous acceleration of social development and the continuous increase of the economic scale. The dust pollution harms the surrounding environment and seriously affects the normal production order and the quality of life. The inhalable particles PM10 and the fine particles PM2.5 are easy to enrich heavy metal ions, organic oxides, bacteria and viruses, and have great harm to human bodies.
Sprinkling and dust suppression are the most common dust suppression methods, are simple and easy to implement, but because of the high surface tension of water, fine particles are not easy to wet, the dust suppression efficiency is less than 30%, and the resource utilization rate is low. For example, in dry or hot summer seasons, due to strong water evaporation, the spraying can be kept for about half an hour, a large amount of industrial water is consumed by frequently spraying water, the dust suppression effect lasts for a short time, and water resources are wasted. For the road surface with large traffic volume, the road surface is often damaged due to failure of timely maintenance, so that uneven surface dust accumulation and watering dust fall are caused, and the road condition can be further worsened. In addition, in the cold weather conditions in winter, the water spraying method cannot be used because it can cause the road surface to freeze. And the antifreeze is scattered every day, so that the cost is further increased.
Chinese patent CN111690091A discloses a formula, a preparation method and an application method of an environment-friendly dust suppressant, wherein the formula comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 6 to 12 percent of starch, 5 to 10 percent of acrylic acid, 1 to 3 percent of alkaline substance, 1 to 2 percent of urea, 0.04 to 0.10 percent of initiator, 0.04 to 0.07 percent of cross-linking agent and the balance of water. Although the invention has certain improvement on the effect and the performance stability, the crust formed after spraying has insufficient water absorption and water retention and becomes brittle and hard along with the volatilization of water, the crust formed after drying generates reverse coiling and cracking due to the self tension, secondary dust raising is caused when wind is strong, and the dust suppression effect is lost. The more the amount of spraying, the more obvious the phenomenon.
Chinese patent CN201911225611.5 provides a composite dust suppressant, which comprises a certain proportion of super absorbent resin, a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, a surfactant, an auxiliary agent and water. Although the composite dust suppressant has good wettability to dust, no bubbling, good film forming property, no crack, good dust suppression effect and lower cost, the adopted water-absorbent resin is difficult to degrade by microorganisms, and secondary pollution is inevitably caused. The selected auxiliary agent contains chemicals harmful to organisms, animals and plants, such as ethylene glycol, chloroform, formamide, melamine phosphate, guanidine phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate and the like, and potential harm is brought to the health of operating personnel. Is not in accordance with the major trend of sustainable development of science and technology environmental protection and environmental protection.
Thus, improvements in the prior art are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The biodegradable dust suppressant can be used for infiltrating, capturing and agglomerating dry dust, enables the dry dust to agglomerate and settle, forms a high-toughness soil sealing film after dust settlement, forms firm crust on the road surface with certain strength and toughness and capable of resisting rolling of vehicle tires, and is not easy to generate secondary raised dust.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a biodegradable dust suppressant is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 32-40 parts of polypropylene carbonate polyol, 0.3-0.5 part of photoinitiator, 1-3 parts of itaconic acid, 53-57 parts of deionized water, 1-3 parts of dispersant, 0.6-1.4 parts of neutralizer, 0.5-1.5 parts of wetting agent and 1-3 parts of moisture absorbent.
Specifically, the biodegradable dust suppressant contains components such as a dispersing agent, a wetting agent, a moisture absorbent and the like, a large number of liquid drops with low surface energy are formed in a spraying mode, and the liquid drops collide with dust particles in air randomly through Brownian motion to wet, capture and agglomerate dry dust, reduce the motion entropy of the dust particles and accelerate the sedimentation speed of the dust particles. The poly (propylene carbonate) -grafted itaconate has very strong adsorption capacity on inorganic particles, the dust surface has polarity or is static, and the poly (propylene carbonate) -grafted itaconate is dicarboxylate, has very strong adsorption on the polar surface and has very strong adsorption capacity on the inorganic particles. Can improve the induced dust agglomeration, reduce the dust density, reduce the surface energy and improve the dust settling speed. After the dust is settled, a soil sealing film with high toughness is formed, and firm crust which has certain strength and toughness and can resist rolling of vehicle tires is formed on the road surface. The moisture absorbent absorbs moisture in the air in a certain period of time, and the moisture absorbent and the wetting agent act synergistically, so that the crust surface formed by falling dust has higher humidity than the surrounding environment, the moisture absorbent is favorable for adsorbing fine flying dust which falls slowly, and secondary flying dust is not easy to generate. The poly (propylene carbonate) polyol grafted itaconic acid is gradually partially decomposed under the action of environmental pH value and microorganisms to form propylene glycol with the same hygroscopicity, so that a moisture absorbent which is gradually lost after a certain using time is supplemented, and a long-acting dust suppression effect is exerted.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the poly (propylene carbonate) polyol is purchased from Xingning chemical engineering science and technology Limited company in Yixing city, and is prepared by taking carbon dioxide and propylene oxide as raw materials through copolymerization; the molecular weight of the poly (propylene carbonate) polyol is 2000-4000, the hydroxyl value is 30-60mg KOH/g, the moisture mass content is less than 0.5%, the pH value is 6-7, and the viscosity is 2500-3500mPa.s at 40 ℃. At this molecular weight and viscosity, the grafting reaction proceeds easily.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the photoinitiator is one or more of benzophenone, thioxanthone and 2-ethyl anthraquinone.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the itaconic acid is bio-based itaconic acid obtained by fermentation of natural strains by using a fermentation method and mainly taking natural biomasses such as starch, cane sugar, molasses, wood chips, straw and the like as raw materials, using sugars as a culture medium, and having a purity of not less than 99.6% and a melting point of 166-168 ℃. Under the condition, the obtained product has good water solubility.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the dispersing agent is one or more of sodium lignosulphonate, hydroxymethyl cellulose and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the neutralizing agent is one or any two of sodium bicarbonate, magnesium bicarbonate, calcium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, strontium bicarbonate, cesium bicarbonate and barium bicarbonate.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the wetting agent is one or two of polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylamide.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the moisture absorbent is one or more of glycerol, diethylene glycol and diethanol amine.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the conductivity of the deionized water is less than 0.5us/cm.
Based on the same invention concept, the invention provides a preparation method of a biodegradable dust suppressant, which comprises the following steps:
mixing a dispersing agent and deionized water in corresponding parts, and stirring and dissolving by using a glass rod to prepare a dispersing agent solution;
adding the polypropylene carbonate polyol, a photoinitiator and itaconic acid into a stirred photoreactor, replacing air with nitrogen, and then stirring and reacting for 25-35 minutes at 70-80 ℃ under 365nm ultraviolet light of an LED lamp to perform grafting to form polypropylene carbonate grafted itaconic acid;
step three, transferring the grafted polymer obtained in the step two into a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature to be 20-30 ℃, adding the dispersant solution obtained in the step one under the high-speed stirring of 200-300rpm, and uniformly dispersing; slowly adding a neutralizer to prepare a poly (propylene carbonate) polyol grafted itaconate aqueous solution;
and step four, sequentially adding the wetting agent and the moisture absorbent, stirring for 24 hours at room temperature, and uniformly mixing to obtain the biodegradable dust suppressant.
Based on the same invention concept, the invention also provides a using method of the biodegradable dust suppressant, which is characterized in that the biodegradable dust suppressant is diluted by 10-15 times and then sprayed on a dust-raising road surface or a construction site, and the using amount of the biodegradable dust suppressant is 0.5 kg/square meter; the amount of the dust can be properly added to 1 kg according to the thickness of the dust layer, and the spraying amount can be properly increased by 20-50% in autumn and winter.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the biodegradable dust suppressant provided by the invention has high water absorption, is sprayed on a dust-raising pavement, forms a solidified crust layer with toughness and strength on the pavement through the synergistic effect of the moisture absorbent, the wetting agent and the polypropylene carbonate grafted itaconate, has high toughness and compressive strength, and can bear the action of rolling and wind of vehicles.
2. The preparation method of the biodegradable dust suppressant provided by the invention has the advantages of simple process, no corrosion, no secondary pollution, biodegradability and capability of effectively reducing the harm of dust to pedestrians and vehicles.
3. The final degradation components of the poly (propylene carbonate) grafted itaconate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, cellulose dispersant and the like adopted by the invention are carbon dioxide and water, and the method has good environmental protection significance and social value.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the contents in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. It is to be understood that the various starting materials of the present invention may be commercially available, unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
The biodegradable dust suppressant is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of polypropylene carbonate polyol, 0.4 part of benzophenone, 1 part of itaconic acid, 0.6 part of magnesium bicarbonate, 1 part of polyvinyl alcohol, 1 part of diethanolamine, 1 part of sodium lignosulfonate and 55 parts of deionized water.
The preparation method of the biodegradable dust suppressant comprises the following steps:
step one, adding 1 part of sodium lignosulfonate into 55 parts of deionized water, and stirring and dissolving by using a glass rod to prepare a sodium lignosulfonate solution;
adding 40 parts of polypropylene carbonate polyol, 0.4 part of benzophenone and 1 part of itaconic acid into a stirred photoreactor (the photoreactor is from Germany EKATO group), replacing air with nitrogen, and then stirring and reacting for 30 minutes at 75 ℃ under 365nm ultraviolet light of an LED lamp to graft to form polypropylene carbonate grafted itaconic acid;
step three, transferring the propylene carbonate grafted itaconic acid in the step two into a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature to be 25 ℃, adding the sodium lignosulfonate solution obtained in the step one under high-speed stirring at 250rpm, and uniformly dispersing; slowly adding 0.6 part of magnesium bicarbonate to prepare a solution of the polypropylene carbonate polyol grafted magnesium itaconate;
and step four, sequentially adding 1 part of polyvinyl alcohol and 1 part of diethanolamine, stirring at room temperature for 24 hours, and uniformly mixing to obtain the biodegradable dust suppressant.
Example 2
The biodegradable dust suppressant is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 32 parts of polypropylene carbonate polyol, 0.5 part of thioxanthone, 3 parts of itaconic acid, 1 part of sodium bicarbonate, 1.5 parts of polyacrylamide, 3 parts of diethylene glycol, 2 parts of hydroxymethyl cellulose and 57 parts of deionized water.
The preparation method of the biodegradable dust suppressant comprises the following steps:
step one, adding 2 parts of hydroxymethyl cellulose into 57 parts of deionized water, and stirring and dissolving by using a glass rod to prepare a hydroxymethyl cellulose solution;
step two, adding 32 parts of poly (propylene carbonate) polyol, 0.5 part of thioxanthone and 3 parts of itaconic acid into a stirred photoreactor (the photoreactor is from Germany EKATO group), replacing air with nitrogen, and then carrying out stirring reaction for 35 minutes at 70 ℃ under 365nm ultraviolet light of an LED lamp to carry out grafting reaction to form poly (propylene carbonate) grafted itaconic acid;
step three, transferring the poly (propylene carbonate) -grafted itaconic acid obtained in the step two into a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature to be 20 ℃, adding the hydroxymethyl cellulose solution obtained in the step one under the high-speed stirring of 200rpm, and uniformly dispersing; slowly adding 1 part of sodium bicarbonate to prepare a poly (propylene carbonate) polyol grafted itaconate aqueous solution;
and step four, sequentially adding 1.5 parts of polyacrylamide and 3 parts of diethylene glycol, stirring at room temperature for 24 hours, and uniformly mixing to obtain the biodegradable dust suppressant.
Example 3
The biodegradable dust suppressant is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 37 parts of polypropylene carbonate polyol, 0.3 part of 2-ethyl anthraquinone, 2 parts of itaconic acid, 1.4 parts of calcium bicarbonate, 0.5 part of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.8 part of polyacrylamide, 2 parts of glycerol, 3 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and 53 parts of deionized water.
The preparation method of the biodegradable dust suppressant comprises the following steps:
step one, adding 3 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose into 53 parts of deionized water, and stirring and dissolving by using a glass rod to obtain a hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose solution;
adding 37 parts of poly (propylene carbonate) polyol, 0.3 part of 2-ethyl anthraquinone and 2 parts of itaconic acid into a stirred photoreactor (the photoreactor is from Germany EKATO group), replacing air with nitrogen, and then carrying out stirring reaction for 25 minutes at 80 ℃ under 365nm ultraviolet light of an LED lamp to graft to form poly (propylene carbonate) grafted itaconic acid;
step three, transferring the poly (propylene carbonate) -grafted itaconic acid obtained in the step two into a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature at 30 ℃, adding the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose solution obtained in the step one under high-speed stirring at 300rpm, and uniformly dispersing; slowly adding 1.4 parts of calcium bicarbonate to prepare a polypropylene carbonate polyol grafted calcium itaconate solution;
and step four, sequentially adding 0.5 part of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.8 part of polyacrylamide and 2 parts of glycerol, stirring at room temperature for 24 hours, and uniformly mixing to obtain the biodegradable dust suppressant.
Example 4
The biodegradable dust suppressant is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 36 parts of polypropylene carbonate polyol, 0.5 part of benzophenone, 1 part of itaconic acid, 1 part of barium bicarbonate, 1 part of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.5 part of polyacrylamide, 1 part of diethanolamine, 1 part of glycerol, 2 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and 57 parts of deionized water.
The preparation method of the biodegradable dust suppressant comprises the following steps:
step one, adding 2 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose into 57 parts of deionized water, and stirring and dissolving by using a glass rod to obtain a hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose solution;
adding 36 parts of polypropylene carbonate polyol, 0.5 part of benzophenone and 1 part of itaconic acid into a stirred photoreactor (the photoreactor is from Germany EKATO group), replacing air with nitrogen, and then stirring and reacting for 25 minutes at 70 ℃ under 365nm ultraviolet light of an LED lamp to graft to form polypropylene carbonate grafted itaconic acid;
step three, transferring the poly (propylene carbonate) -grafted itaconic acid obtained in the step two into a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature to be 25 ℃, adding the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose solution obtained in the step one under the high-speed stirring of 300rpm, and uniformly dispersing; slowly adding 1 part of barium bicarbonate to prepare a poly (propylene carbonate) polyol grafted barium itaconate solution;
and step four, sequentially adding 1 part of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.5 part of polyacrylamide, 1 part of diethanolamine and 1 part of glycerol, stirring at room temperature for 24 hours, and uniformly mixing to obtain the biodegradable dust suppressant.
Comparative example 1
The dust suppressant of the comparative example is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 32 parts of polypropylene glycol, 0.5 part of thioxanthone, 3 parts of itaconic acid, 1 part of sodium bicarbonate, 1.5 parts of polyacrylamide, 3 parts of diethylene glycol, 2 parts of hydroxymethyl cellulose and 57 parts of deionized water.
The preparation method of the dust suppressant of the comparative example comprises the following steps:
step one, adding 2 parts of hydroxymethyl cellulose into 57 parts of deionized water, and stirring and dissolving by using a glass rod to obtain a hydroxymethyl cellulose solution;
adding 32 parts of polypropylene glycol, 0.5 part of thioxanthone and 3 parts of itaconic acid into a stirred photoreactor (the photoreactor is from Germany EKATO group), replacing air with nitrogen, and then stirring and reacting for 35 minutes at 365nm ultraviolet light of an LED lamp at 70 ℃ to perform grafting so as to form polypropylene glycol ester grafted itaconic acid;
step three, transferring the polypropylene glycol ester grafted itaconic acid obtained in the step two into a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature to be 20 ℃, adding the hydroxymethyl cellulose solution obtained in the step one under high-speed stirring of 200rpm, and dispersing uniformly; slowly adding 1 part of sodium bicarbonate to prepare a polypropylene glycol ester grafted itaconate aqueous solution;
and step four, sequentially adding 1.5 parts of polyacrylamide and 3 parts of diethylene glycol, stirring at room temperature for 24 hours, and uniformly mixing to obtain the dust suppressant.
Comparative example 2
The comparison example selects a certain commercial TS-106 environment-friendly dust suppressant, the main components of which are calcium chloride and water glass, the content of which is more than 99 percent, the pH value is 6-8, and the viscosity is 500-1000mPa & s at 25 ℃.
Experimental results and Performance analysis
1. Film formation test
The film forming property is a performance index for measuring the surface consolidation film forming capability of powder (such as soil, pulverized coal and the like) after spraying dust suppressant solution or other liquid; after spraying dust suppressant solution or other liquid, if the surface of the powder can be solidified into a film-forming block, secondary dust emission is effectively avoided, the film-forming property of the solution or the liquid is excellent; if the powder surface is still loose, the film forming property of the solution or liquid is poor; if the surface of the powder is capable of solidifying into a film-forming mass, but a small amount of the powder remains loose, it means that the film-forming property of the solution or liquid is good.
The invention adopts the following method for testing:
soil sample pretreatment: selecting soil sample of 10 meshes or less, drying at 50 deg.C for 300min, removing water, and placing in a dryer for use.
The test method comprises the following steps: weighing the soil sample (which is pretreated) with a certain mass, flatly spreading the soil sample in a culture dish, uniformly spraying a certain amount of dust suppressant solution on the surface of the soil sample, putting the culture dish in a constant-temperature drying oven at 40 ℃ for drying after the soil sample is permeated, weighing the mass of the culture dish every two hours, and calculating the moisture retention rate of the sample according to the following formula (1):
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
eta is moisture retention rate,%;
m is the mass of the culture dish when the dust suppressant solution is not dripped, g;
m 0 the mass of the culture dish after dropwise adding the dust suppressant solution is g;
m i g, the mass of the culture dish dried to the ith hour;
in the present invention, i =6 was used as a test evaluation result of the moisture retention rate.
By the above-mentioned method, the moisture retention properties of the dust suppressant stock solutions of examples 1 to 4 of the present invention and comparative examples 1 to 2, respectively, diluted 15 times with water were tested, and the film forming properties of the soil surface after spraying the dust suppressant solution were also examined.
Table 1 results of moisture retention and moldability tests of examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 2
| Test items | Moisture retention rate (%) | Film forming property |
| Example 1 | 30.4 | Superior food |
| Example 2 | 28.9 | Superior food |
| Example 3 | 27.3 | Superior food |
| Example 4 | 26.9 | Superior food |
| Comparative example 1 | 16.7 | Difference (D) |
| Comparative example 2 | 20.3 | Good wine |
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the dust suppressant of the present invention, when diluted 15 times with water according to the original solution of the dust suppressant, has excellent moisture retention, can form a film rapidly and has good film-forming properties, and the properties of examples 1-4 are far better than those of comparative examples 1-2.
2. Dust suppression efficiency test
According to the test method of the dust suppression efficiency in appendix A of the Standard "T/CAEPI 7-2017 Water-soluble road dust suppressant", the dust suppressant stock solutions obtained in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 2 of the present invention were diluted 15 times with water and sprayed in an amount (2L/m) 2 ) The dust suppression efficiency is obtained by carrying out three tests on each sample and respectively obtaining the average PM 2.5 Dust suppression efficiency (%), PM 10 Dust suppression efficiency (%). In addition, the dust suppressant stock solutions obtained in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were diluted 15 times with water and sprayed on the open soil surface in an experimental box (specification 1.2m × 1.2 m), and portable wind tunnel (PI-SWERL) was used to compare and test the dust suppressant and water control efficiency of the dust suppressant to the wind erosion and dust raising of the soil 5 hours after the soil surface was dried, and the dust suppressant stock solutions of examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were diluted 15 times with water and then tested for the maximum wind force that can be resisted, and the results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-2PM 2.5 Dust suppression efficiency, PM 10 Dust suppression efficiency and capability of resisting maximum wind power test result
| PM 2.5 Dust suppression efficiency (%) | PM 10 Dust suppression efficiency (%) | Can resist the maximum wind power | |
| Example 1 | 93.22 | 87.63 | Stage 8 |
| Example 2 | 91.48 | 85.21 | Stage 8 |
| Example 3 | 90.79 | 84.62 | Stage 8 |
| Example 4 | 89.45 | 81.88 | Stage 7 |
| Comparative example 1 | 78.56 | 77.54 | Grade 5 |
| Comparative example 2 | 83.25 | 80.82 | Grade 6 |
| (control) Water | 62.45 | 60.29 | Grade 3 |
As can be seen from the data in Table 2, the dust suppressing agents prepared in examples 1 to 4 of the present invention and the dust suppressing agents of comparative examples 1 to 2 were used as dust suppressing agent stock solutions diluted 15 times with water, and the PMs of examples 1 to 4 were used 2.5 Dust suppression efficiency of 89.45-93.22%, PM 10 The dust suppression efficiency is 81.88-87.63%, the dust suppression performance of the dust suppressant can resist the maximum wind power of 7-8 grades, the dust suppression performance of the dust suppressant is obviously superior to that of comparative examples 1-2, and the formula combination and mutual coordination of the raw materials in the examples 1-4 can obviously improve the dust suppression effect of the dust suppressant. Comprehensive moisture retention performance, film forming performance and dust suppression performance, and the comprehensive performance of the embodiment 1 is optimal. As can be shown by examples 1-4 and comparative example 1, the addition of the polypropylene carbonate polyol which is too small or too large has a certain influence on the hygroscopicity and dust suppression effect of the dust suppressant; the use amount of the polypropylene carbonate polyol is too small, the dust adsorption effect cannot be exerted to the maximum, the use amount is too large, the cost is high, and the performance is excessive, so that the weight part of the polypropylene carbonate polyol is 32-40 parts, preferably 40 parts, and the effect is optimal at the moment.
While there have been shown and described what are at present considered the fundamental principles and essential features of the invention and its advantages, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. A biodegradable dust suppressant is characterized by being mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 32-40 parts of polypropylene carbonate polyol, 0.3-0.5 part of photoinitiator, 1-3 parts of itaconic acid, 53-57 parts of deionized water, 1-3 parts of dispersant, 0.6-1.4 parts of neutralizer, 0.5-1.5 parts of wetting agent and 1-3 parts of moisture absorbent.
2. The biodegradable dust suppressant of claim 1, wherein the molecular weight of the polypropylene carbonate polyol is 2000-4000, the hydroxyl value is 30-60mg KOH/g, the moisture content is less than 0.5% by mass, the pH value is 6-7, and the viscosity is 2500-3500mPa.s at 40 ℃.
3. A biodegradable dust suppressant according to claim 1, wherein said photoinitiator is one or more of benzophenone, thioxanthone, 2-ethylanthraquinone.
4. The biodegradable dust suppressant according to claim 1, wherein the itaconic acid is bio-based itaconic acid obtained by fermentation of natural biomass as a raw material and a saccharide as a culture medium with a natural strain by a fermentation method, wherein the itaconic acid has a purity of 99.6% or more and a melting point of 166-168 ℃.
5. A biodegradable dust suppressant according to claim 1, wherein said dispersant is one or more of sodium lignosulfonate, hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose.
6. A biodegradable dust suppressant according to claim 1, wherein said neutralizing agent is one or a combination of any two of sodium bicarbonate, magnesium bicarbonate, calcium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, strontium bicarbonate, cesium bicarbonate and barium bicarbonate.
7. A biodegradable dust suppressant according to claim 1, wherein said wetting agent is one or both of polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylamide.
8. A biodegradable dust suppressant according to claim 1, wherein said moisture absorbent is one or more of glycerol, diethylene glycol and diethanolamine.
9. A process for the preparation of a biodegradable dust suppressant according to any of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
step one, mixing the dispersing agent and deionized water in corresponding parts, and stirring and dissolving by using a glass rod to prepare a dispersing agent solution;
adding the polypropylene carbonate polyol, a photoinitiator and itaconic acid into a photoreactor, replacing air with nitrogen, and then stirring and reacting for 25-35 minutes at 70-80 ℃ under 365nm ultraviolet light of an LED lamp to perform grafting to form polypropylene carbonate grafted itaconic acid;
step three, transferring the poly (propylene carbonate) -grafted itaconic acid obtained in the step two into a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature to be 20-30 ℃, adding the dispersant solution obtained in the step one under the high-speed stirring of 200-300rpm, and uniformly dispersing; slowly adding a neutralizer to prepare a poly (propylene carbonate) polyol grafted itaconate aqueous solution;
and step four, adding the wetting agent and the moisture absorbent in sequence, stirring for 24 hours at room temperature, and uniformly mixing to obtain the biodegradable dust suppressant.
10. A method of using a biodegradable dust suppressant according to any of claims 1-8, wherein the biodegradable dust suppressant is diluted 10-15 times and then sprayed on a dusting road surface or site in an amount of 0.5 kg/m.
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| US6593460B1 (en) * | 1997-12-17 | 2003-07-15 | Stockhausen Gmbh & Co Kg | Method for grafting lignin, polymerizates produced according to the method and the utilization thereof |
| US20110054098A1 (en) * | 2008-08-02 | 2011-03-03 | Georgia-Pacific Chemicals Llc | Dedusting agents for fiberglass products and methods for making and using same |
| CN104703690A (en) * | 2012-10-01 | 2015-06-10 | 株式会社日本触媒 | Dust-reducing agent comprising multiple metal compound, water absorbent containing multiple metal compound and method for manufacturing same |
| CN110172331A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-08-27 | 山东科技大学 | Increase profit binding type control dirt graft modification inhibitor and preparation method thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6593460B1 (en) * | 1997-12-17 | 2003-07-15 | Stockhausen Gmbh & Co Kg | Method for grafting lignin, polymerizates produced according to the method and the utilization thereof |
| US20110054098A1 (en) * | 2008-08-02 | 2011-03-03 | Georgia-Pacific Chemicals Llc | Dedusting agents for fiberglass products and methods for making and using same |
| CN104703690A (en) * | 2012-10-01 | 2015-06-10 | 株式会社日本触媒 | Dust-reducing agent comprising multiple metal compound, water absorbent containing multiple metal compound and method for manufacturing same |
| CN110172331A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-08-27 | 山东科技大学 | Increase profit binding type control dirt graft modification inhibitor and preparation method thereof |
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