CN115849838B - Low-alkali concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Low-alkali concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115849838B CN115849838B CN202211313593.8A CN202211313593A CN115849838B CN 115849838 B CN115849838 B CN 115849838B CN 202211313593 A CN202211313593 A CN 202211313593A CN 115849838 B CN115849838 B CN 115849838B
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- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate dihydrate Chemical group O.O.[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 15
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920013822 aminosilicone Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000004683 dihydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium sulfate hemihydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000003733 fiber-reinforced composite Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 20
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000008041 oiling agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004574 high-performance concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses low-alkali concrete and a preparation method thereof, wherein the pH value of the low-alkali concrete is reduced to 10.4 and the strength is greater than 42.5MPa by adding mineral admixture in a certain proportion, so that the low-alkali concrete can be used for fiber reinforced composite bars and concrete structures, a low-alkali service environment is provided for the fiber reinforced composite bars, the etching degree of the fiber reinforced composite bars in the low-alkali concrete is reduced, and the durability of the fiber reinforced composite bar low-alkali concrete structure is improved. Meanwhile, after the process is optimized, the low-alkali concrete has excellent use strength.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to a building material, in particular to low-alkali concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Concrete is the building material with the most widely used and largest usage in the world at present. It plays an irreplaceable role in the engineering construction fields of building, highway, civil aviation, water conservancy and hydropower, etc. However, with the widespread use of concrete structures, the problem of concrete cracking is also becoming more pronounced. High-performance concrete is widely applied to the building industry due to its excellent mechanical properties and durability, however, the preparation of high-performance concrete has higher requirements on the properties of various raw materials.
In the prior art, the low-alkali concrete material still has the problem of serious degradation of etching and performance in a strong alkali environment. Thus, there is a need for a seawater sea sand low alkali concrete capable of providing a low alkali service environment.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the problems of etching and serious performance degradation still occurring in a strong alkali environment in the prior art, the application provides low-alkali concrete and a preparation method thereof, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:
the low-alkali concrete comprises the following preparation raw materials in percentage by mass:
13.1 to 32.7 percent of cement, 37.3 to 47.1 percent of coarse aggregate, 20.9 to 27.1 percent of sea sand, 6.5 to 8.2 percent of water, 0 to 9.8 percent of mineral admixture and 0.56 to 0.98 percent of water reducer.
Further, the cement is 42.5-grade low-alkalinity sulphoaluminate cement.
Further, the mineral admixture is phosphogypsum, the content of semi-hydrated gypsum in the phosphogypsum is more than 60%, and the content of dihydrate gypsum is less than 4%.
Further, the coarse aggregate is natural crushed stone with continuous grading, and the particle size of the coarse aggregate is 5-31.5 mm.
Further, the water is artificially prepared seawater.
Further, the water reducer is a QL-50 type high-efficiency water reducer.
In addition, the application also provides a preparation method of the low-alkali concrete, which comprises the following steps:
uniformly stirring the coarse aggregate and sea sand to obtain a mixture A;
adding cement and mineral admixture into the mixture A, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture B;
uniformly stirring the water reducer and water to obtain a mixture C;
and adding the mixture C into the mixture B, and uniformly stirring to obtain the low-alkali concrete.
Further, the coarse aggregate is obtained by performing impregnation treatment and heat treatment.
Further, the dipping treatment is as follows: adding the coarse aggregate into sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, amino silicone oil and silane coupling agent, and stirring for 30-60 min at a stirring speed of 500-1000 r/min.
Further, the temperature of the heat treatment is 280-300 ℃ and the time is 1-2 h.
According to the scheme, the pH value of the low-alkali concrete is reduced to 10.4 and the strength of the low-alkali concrete is higher than 42.5MPa by optimizing the formula and adding the mineral admixture with a certain proportion, so that the low-alkali concrete can be used for a fiber-reinforced composite-bar low-alkali concrete structure, a low-alkali service environment is provided for the fiber-reinforced composite bar, the etching degree of the fiber-reinforced composite bar in the low-alkali concrete is reduced, and the durability of the fiber-reinforced composite-bar low-alkali concrete structure is improved. Meanwhile, the phosphogypsum, an industrial byproduct, can be effectively utilized, and the method is economical and environment-friendly. The preparation method of the application is simple and easy to operate, and is beneficial to application in constructional engineering.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples thereof in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The low-alkali concrete in the embodiment of the application comprises the following preparation raw materials in percentage by mass:
13.1 to 32.7 percent of cement, 37.3 to 47.1 percent of coarse aggregate, 20.9 to 27.1 percent of sea sand, 6.5 to 8.2 percent of water, 0 to 9.8 percent of mineral admixture and 0.56 to 0.98 percent of water reducer.
In one embodiment, the cement is added in an amount of 17.1 to 23.8%, preferably 19.3% by mass.
In one embodiment, the addition amount of the mineral admixture is 0.7-7.3% by mass, preferably 5.1% by mass.
In one embodiment, the cement is 42.5 grade low alkalinity sulphoaluminate cement.
In one embodiment, the mineral admixture is phosphogypsum, and the phosphogypsum contains more than 60% of semi-hydrated gypsum and less than 4% of dihydrate gypsum.
In one embodiment, the coarse aggregate is natural crushed stone with continuous grading, and the particle size of the coarse aggregate is 5-31.5 mm.
In one embodiment, the water is manually formulated seawater.
In one embodiment, the water reducer is a QL-50 high efficiency water reducer.
In addition, the application also provides a preparation method of the low-alkali concrete, which comprises the following steps:
uniformly stirring the coarse aggregate and sea sand to obtain a mixture A;
adding cement and mineral admixture into the mixture A, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture B;
uniformly stirring the water reducer and water to obtain a mixture C;
and adding the mixture C into the mixture B, and uniformly stirring to obtain the low-alkali concrete.
In one embodiment, the coarse aggregate is obtained by impregnation treatment and heat treatment. The coarse aggregate is treated and reused, so that the coarse aggregate is uniformly dispersed in a low-alkali concrete system, and agglomeration is reduced.
In one embodiment, the dipping process is: adding the coarse aggregate into sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, amino silicone oil and silane coupling agent, stirring for 30-60 min at a stirring speed of 500-1000 r/min, and drying and crushing.
In one embodiment, the temperature of the heat treatment is 280-300 ℃ and the time is 1-2 h.
In one embodiment, the volume ratio of the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate to the amino silicone oil to the silane coupling agent is 1-5:1-7:3. The synergistic effect of the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and the amino silicone oil can reduce the surface energy of pores in low-alkali concrete, reduce the absorption of moisture and further improve the fluidity. The low-alkali concrete has excellent corrosion resistance, high strength and stable property on the whole when being used in combination with mineral admixture.
According to the scheme, the pH value of the low-alkali concrete is reduced to 10.4 and the strength of the low-alkali concrete is higher than 42.5MPa by optimizing the formula and adding the mineral admixture with a certain proportion, so that the low-alkali concrete can be used for a fiber-reinforced composite-bar low-alkali concrete structure, a low-alkali service environment is provided for the fiber-reinforced composite bar, the etching degree of the fiber-reinforced composite bar in the low-alkali concrete is reduced, and the durability of the fiber-reinforced composite-bar low-alkali concrete structure is improved. Meanwhile, the phosphogypsum, an industrial byproduct, can be effectively utilized, and the method is economical and environment-friendly. The preparation method of the application is simple and easy to operate, and is beneficial to application in constructional engineering.
Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1:
the low-alkali concrete is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
19.3% of cement, 43.1% of coarse aggregate, 24.3% of sea sand, 7.3% of sea water, 5.1% of mineral admixture and 0.7% of water reducer, wherein the mineral admixture is phosphogypsum, the content of semi-hydrated gypsum in the phosphogypsum is more than 60%, and the content of dihydrate gypsum is less than 4%;
the preparation method of the low-alkali concrete comprises the following steps:
mixing sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, amino silicone oil and silane coupling agent in the volume ratio of 3:7:3, adding coarse aggregate, stirring at the stirring speed of 1000/min for 60min, drying, pulverizing, and heat treating at 300 ℃ for 2h. Uniformly stirring the coarse aggregate and the sea sand to obtain a mixture A;
adding cement and mineral admixture into the mixture A, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture B;
uniformly stirring the water reducer and water to obtain a mixture C;
and adding the mixture C into the mixture B, and uniformly stirring to obtain the low-alkali concrete.
Example 2:
the low-alkali concrete is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
23.5% of cement, 43.1% of coarse aggregate, 20.3% of sea sand, 7.3% of sea water, 5.1% of mineral admixture and 0.7% of water reducer, wherein the mineral admixture is phosphogypsum, the content of semi-hydrated gypsum in the phosphogypsum is more than 60%, and the content of dihydrate gypsum is less than 4%;
the preparation method of the low-alkali concrete comprises the following steps:
mixing sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, amino silicone oil and silane coupling agent in the volume ratio of 5:6:3, adding coarse aggregate, stirring at the stirring speed of 1000/min for 60min, drying, pulverizing, and heat treating at 280 ℃ for 2h. Uniformly stirring the coarse aggregate and the sea sand to obtain a mixture A;
adding cement and mineral admixture into the mixture A, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture B;
uniformly stirring the water reducer and water to obtain a mixture C;
and adding the mixture C into the mixture B, and uniformly stirring to obtain the low-alkali concrete.
Example 3:
the low-alkali concrete is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
20.3% of cement, 42.1% of coarse aggregate, 23.3% of sea sand, 8.2% of sea water, 5.4% of mineral admixture and 0.7% of water reducer, wherein the mineral admixture is phosphogypsum, the content of semi-hydrated gypsum in the phosphogypsum is more than 60%, and the content of dihydrate gypsum is less than 4%;
the preparation method of the low-alkali concrete comprises the following steps:
mixing sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, amino silicone oil and silane coupling agent in the volume ratio of 4:5:3, adding coarse aggregate, stirring at the stirring speed of 1000/min for 40min, drying, pulverizing, and heat treating at 300 ℃ for 2h. Uniformly stirring the coarse aggregate and the sea sand to obtain a mixture A;
adding cement and mineral admixture into the mixture A, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture B;
uniformly stirring the water reducer and water to obtain a mixture C;
and adding the mixture C into the mixture B, and uniformly stirring to obtain the low-alkali concrete.
Comparative example 1:
the difference from example 3 is only that the preparation raw materials and the proportion of the preparation raw materials are different, and the mineral admixture is not added in comparative example 1, specifically: 24.5% of cement, 43.1% of coarse aggregate, 24.3% of sea sand, 7.4% of seawater and 0.7% of water reducer. The preparation method is the same as in example 3.
Comparative example 2:
the only difference from example 3 is the amount of mineral admixture added, specifically: the mineral admixture was 11 mass percent and the preparation method was the same as in example 3.
Comparative example 3:
the difference from example 3 is that the mineral admixture was replaced with silica fume in comparative example 3, and the other preparation methods were the same as in example 3.
Comparative example 4:
the difference from example 3 is the process, the raw materials for the preparation of comparative example 4 are the same as in example 3, and the process for the preparation of comparative example 4 is as follows:
the preparation method of the low-alkali concrete comprises the following steps:
adding cement and mineral admixture into the mixture A, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture B;
uniformly stirring the water reducer and water to obtain a mixture C;
and adding the mixture C into the mixture B, and uniformly stirring to obtain the low-alkali concrete.
Comparative example 5:
the difference from example 3 is that the treatment process of the coarse aggregate, the preparation raw material of comparative example 5 is the same as that of example 3, and the preparation process of comparative example 5 is as follows:
the preparation method of the low-alkali concrete comprises the following steps:
mixing sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, amino silicone oil and a silane coupling agent in a volume ratio of 10:5:1, adding coarse aggregate, stirring at a stirring speed of 1000/min for 40min, drying and crushing, and uniformly stirring the coarse aggregate and sea sand to obtain a mixture A;
adding cement and mineral admixture into the mixture A, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture B;
uniformly stirring the water reducer and water to obtain a mixture C;
and adding the mixture C into the mixture B, and uniformly stirring to obtain the low-alkali concrete.
Comparative example 6:
comparative example 6 is different from example 3 in the treatment process of coarse aggregate, compared with example 3, and the other processes of comparative example 6 are specifically as follows:
the preparation method of the low-alkali concrete comprises the following steps:
mixing sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and a silane coupling agent in a volume ratio of 5:7, adding coarse aggregate, stirring at a stirring speed of 1000/min for 40min, drying and crushing, then performing heat treatment at 300 ℃ for 2h, and uniformly stirring the coarse aggregate and sea sand to obtain a mixture A;
adding cement and mineral admixture into the mixture A, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture B;
uniformly stirring the water reducer and water to obtain a mixture C;
and adding the mixture C into the mixture B, and uniformly stirring to obtain the low-alkali concrete.
The low alkali concretes of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 6 were subjected to performance test, and the results are shown in Table 1 below.
The testing method comprises the following steps: the low alkali concretes prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 6 were respectively put into a mold; placing a mould filled with low-alkali concrete on a vibrating table for vibrating, standing a test piece in an indoor environment for natural maintenance after vibrating and molding, watering the periphery of the mould, and covering the surface of the mould with a waterproof plastic film; after standing for 24 hours, removing the mould, continuously standing the test piece in an indoor environment for natural maintenance, watering the test piece at least twice a day during the maintenance period, and keeping the surface of the test piece moist; after curing for 28 days, the test piece is taken out and kept stand for 1 day for standby.
(1) And (3) axle center compressive strength test: the displacement control mode is adopted in the axle pressure test of the C088-01 type 500-ton voltage servo press, and the loading rate is 0.18mm/s.
(2) pH value test: placing a test piece into a constant temperature and humidity box with relative humidity of 100% and temperature of 22+/-2 ℃ for water saturation, drilling 3 holes with diameter of 5mm and depth of 25mm, taking out low-alkali concrete powder, injecting 0.4ml of deionized water by a syringe, fixing an acrylic gasket at an orifice by epoxy resin glue, plugging a conical rubber plug into the gasket, placing the gasket into the constant temperature and humidity box for 7d, taking out the gasket, and measuring the pH value of the hole liquid by using a LabSen241-3 trace sample pH electrode.
Table 1:
as can be seen from the data analysis of table 1, the low-alkali concrete prepared in the present application has excellent axial compressive strength, phosphogypsum is not added in comparative example 1, but the pH lowering effect is not as good as that of the present application, and the mineral admixture in comparative example 2 is added in a high amount, but the axial compressive strength is reduced; in comparative example 3, the mineral admixture was replaced with silica fume, and although having excellent strength, the pH lowering effect was not obvious; comparative examples 4 to 6 are all different in process, and illustrate that the coarse aggregate of the application is beneficial to improving the axial compressive strength of low-alkali concrete after being treated, and the pH reducing effect is similar to that of the application. As a complete technical scheme, the application can be used for low-alkali concrete with obvious strength and applicable pH value, thereby increasing the application field of the low-alkali concrete.
The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the application, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the application. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the application, which are all within the scope of the application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The low-alkali concrete is characterized by comprising the following preparation raw materials in percentage by mass:
13.1 to 32.7 percent of cement, 37.3 to 47.1 percent of coarse aggregate, 20.9 to 27.1 percent of sea sand, 6.5 to 8.2 percent of water, 0 to 9.8 percent of mineral admixture and 0.56 to 0.98 percent of water reducer;
the preparation method of the low-alkali concrete comprises the following steps:
uniformly stirring the coarse aggregate and sea sand to obtain a mixture A;
adding cement and mineral admixture into the mixture A, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture B;
uniformly stirring the water reducer and water to obtain a mixture C;
adding the mixture C into the mixture B, and uniformly stirring to obtain low-alkali concrete;
wherein: the coarse aggregate is obtained by carrying out dipping treatment and heat treatment; the dipping treatment comprises the following steps: adding the coarse aggregate into sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, amino silicone oil and a silane coupling agent, wherein the volume ratio of the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate to the amino silicone oil to the silane coupling agent is 1-5:1-7:3, and stirring for 30-60 min at a stirring speed of 500 r/min-1000/min; the temperature of the heat treatment is 280-300 ℃ and the time is 1-2 h.
2. The low alkali concrete of claim 1, wherein the cement is 42.5 grade low alkalinity sulfoaluminate cement.
3. The low alkali concrete of claim 1, wherein the mineral admixture is phosphogypsum and the phosphogypsum has a hemihydrate gypsum content of greater than 60% and a dihydrate gypsum content of less than 4%.
4. The low alkali concrete according to claim 1, wherein the coarse aggregate is a continuous graded natural crushed stone, and the coarse aggregate has a particle size of 5mm to 31.5mm.
5. The low alkali concrete of claim 1, wherein the water is manually formulated seawater.
6. The low alkali concrete of claim 1, wherein the water reducing agent is a QL-50 type high efficiency water reducing agent.
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