CN115846432A - Multi-stage gradient surface layer treatment system and method for hot-temperature rolling of metal plate - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a multistage echelon surface layer treatment system and a multistage echelon surface layer treatment method for hot-rolling of a metal plate, and the multistage echelon surface layer treatment system comprises a rolling mill main frame, wherein an upper working roll device and a lower working roll device are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side inside the rolling mill main frame, equipment part devices in the rolling mill main frame are symmetrically arranged on the inlet side and the outlet side inside the rolling mill main frame, the equipment part devices comprise a fixing frame, a fastening screw, a hydraulic driving device, an adjustable screw, an elastic device, a connecting plate and a flattening guide plate, the fixing frame is connected with the rolling mill main frame through the fastening screw, the fixing frame is simultaneously used as a base of the hydraulic driving device and is connected with the elastic device through the adjustable screw, the elastic device is connected with the flattening guide plate through the connecting plate, and the multistage echelon surface layer treatment system and the multistage echelon surface layer treatment method for hot-rolling of the metal plate can completely treat surface defect layers with different properties formed at each stage of the metal plate in a targeted echelon, and do not bring extra temperature drop of the metal plate, and meet the requirements of production process.

Description

Multi-stage gradient surface layer treatment system and method for hot-temperature rolling of metal plate

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of metal plate production, in particular to a system and a method for treating a multi-stage gradient surface layer of a metal plate by hot-temperature rolling, and particularly relates to surface treatment of rare and noble metal plates difficult to roll.

Background

The rare and noble metals and the metals difficult to roll comprise nickel, zirconium, molybdenum, tungsten, titanium, hafnium, niobium, tantalum, cuFe, cuTi and other high copper alloys, and 4J29, 4J36 and other special materials, generally have the excellent characteristics of high strength, high temperature resistance, creep resistance, corrosion resistance, high heat conduction and electric conduction, electron migration resistance, low expansion rate and the like, are widely applied to the fields of aerospace, national defense and military industry, electronic communication and the like, and are key materials in the important fields of China.

The hot-temperature rolled plate is the most main product type in various processing products such as rare and noble metal pipes, bars, shapes, lines, wires and the like which are difficult to roll, generally accounts for over 60 percent, and is also the product with the most excellent performance, the most extensive application and extremely high product added value, but has the remarkable characteristics of high production technical requirement and high processing difficulty.

The tungsten plate hot rolling is taken as an example, the tungsten plate has high melting point (more than 3500 ℃), large deformation resistance (more than or equal to 1000 MPa), narrow deformation temperature (the requirement of the temperature difference between start rolling and final rolling is less than or equal to 30 to 50 ℃), strict requirement of hot rolling deformation temperature uniformity (less than or equal to +/-5 ℃), easy cracking during rolling (the rejection rate is greater than or equal to 50%), high energy consumption (the power consumption of a single ton product is about 15000 ℃), belongs to typical 'hard-to-roll metal', and has the processing characteristics of small batch, multiple types and multiple specifications. Therefore, the processing difficulty of rare and noble difficult-to-roll metal plates is far higher than that of the conventional steel, aluminum plates and copper plates, so that the production of strategic metal plates is 'forbidden' for a long time in China.

As developed countries in Europe, america, japan and the like have high secrecy on the production technology and equipment of the strategic rare metal plates, and do not carry out process introduction, equipment sale or even visit communication in China, the domestic rare and noble difficult-to-roll metal plates are mainly produced in a small quantity in a groping process mode on a steel plate rolling mill or a conventional block rolling mill, the yield is low, the energy consumption is high, the production cost is high, the process is unstable, high-performance and high-precision plates are difficult to produce, and the domestic plate products are mainly in the middle and low end in the market.

In recent years, high-quality development requirements from resources to processing and from processing to products are provided for strategic metal industries at the national level, various and multifunctional special processing technologies and production equipment are continuously researched and developed in the industry, and key metal plate products gradually start to be domesticated and are applied to the aspects of materials used in the fields of missiles, large airplanes, 5G intelligent communication, high-speed rails and the like in China to replace part of imports.

At present, the market has higher and higher requirements on the quality of rare and noble and difficult-to-roll metal plate products, which is mainly reflected in the aspects of high quality, large size, high precision, high surface quality and the like, especially the surface quality of domestic plates has a larger gap with foreign products, which is also a technical problem of 'neck' in the production field of rare and noble and difficult-to-roll metal plates and belongs to the problem to be solved urgently from both the national level and the industrial level.

For analysis reasons, the alloy components of rare and noble metal plates difficult to be rolled are complex, two-phase metal elements which are difficult to melt and deform are usually added, and meanwhile, the heating and hot rolling temperature required by high strength is high, so that various segregation layers, impurity inclusion layers, air-breathing oxidation layers, bonding layers and the like with different thicknesses and stubborn bonding force with a matrix are often generated on the surface of the metal plates, the surface layers of the metal plates are not only difficult to remove in the hot rolling process, but also have the defects of burning, stabbing, damaging, sinking, bonding, stripping and the like on working rolls of a rolling mill after being rolled and crushed by a hot rolling mill, and further deteriorate the production conditions and reduce the surface quality of the metal plates in the hot rolling process.

At present, when the precious and difficult-to-roll metal plates are rolled at hot temperature in the field, the adopted surface treatment devices and methods comprise the following types, but have the disadvantages that:

(1) The hot-rolling production is carried out by using a steel plate rolling mill, and the steel plate hot-rolling mill generally adopts high-flow high-pressure water of 15 to 22MPa to strike the surface layer of the plate blank before hot-rolling so as to remove various defect layers on the surface of the plate blank. However, the method brings about the temperature drop of the plate blank and the nonuniformity of the temperatures of different parts, and can not meet the process requirements of the metals on temperature difference, temperature uniformity and deformation uniformity, namely, the mechanical property and various defects can not meet the requirements of customers although the rolling target specification of the product is realized. Thus, this approach is not currently applicable.

(2) In the hot-temperature rolling process, a surface layer treatment device and a roller process lubricating system are not adopted, and the production is carried out in a 'whole-process dry rolling' mode. The method has the following disadvantages: the rolled and crushed surface defect layer is further pressed into the surface of the plate blank in the subsequent pass, the product quality is deteriorated, the surface defects are accumulated continuously, the production failure is caused, or the large thickness sizes of the upper surface and the lower surface of the plate blank are removed by utilizing a milling machine in the subsequent pass, the yield is extremely low, the statistical comprehensive yield is only 20% -30%, the difference between the conventional metal comprehensive yield and the conventional metal comprehensive yield is generally more than 70%, especially, the energy consumption and the selling price of a ton product are high, and the market application of the product is seriously influenced. Meanwhile, various broken defect layers are usually bonded with the roller, and the roller is burnt, punctured or peeled, so that the roller is required to be replaced once every shift, and even normal production is difficult.

(3) Various special steel brush machines developed by production enterprises brush and grind rare and noble metal plates in the hot-temperature rolling process, but the metals are small-specification short ingot blanks, tension-free rolling is realized, and the plate blanks are difficult to normally transport after a steel brush structure with large resistance is used. Meanwhile, the steel brushing machine can only brush and grind the broken primary surface layer, and the secondary, tertiary or even multiple high-strength surface layers with large binding force with the matrix cannot be loosened. In addition, the steel brush is often brushed once and needs to be replaced (broken particles of the surface primary defect layer block the steel brush structure). Thus, it is difficult to perform normal production in this manner.

(4) Some production enterprises refer to shot blasting machines, sand blasting machines and the like which utilize cold-state plate blank surface treatment to carry out online surface layer treatment on hot-temperature plates, but due to the fact that materials are in a hot-temperature state, the surface layer is bonded with a substrate, when shot grains and sand grains are sprayed to the surface of metal, the shot grains and the sand grains are always all driven into the surface layer and enter a rolling mill along with the plate blank to be rolled, production accidents of all pressing into the substrate occur, and the method is suitable for the contrary and cannot be applied.

Since various surface defect layers are caused by production characteristics, alloy components, heating suction, contact, and the like during sintering, melting, casting, heating, hot rolling, on-line treatment cannot be performed by chemical reaction using chemical solutions such as nitric acid, hydrofluoric acid, molten sodium hydroxide, and sodium carbonate.

Based on the analysis, how to treat the complex defect layers generated by multi-level, multi-structure and multi-process on the surfaces of rare and noble metals and difficult-to-roll metals after blank preparation, before hot-temperature rolling, in the hot-temperature rolling process and at the end of the hot-temperature rolling process so as to improve the surface quality of the plates in the hot-temperature rolling process and at the end becomes a technical problem to be solved urgently in the industry.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the existing defects, and provide a system and a method for processing a multi-level gradient surface layer of a metal plate by hot-warm rolling, which can perform targeted gradient complete processing on surface defect layers with different properties formed at each stage of the surface of the metal plate, do not bring extra temperature drop of the metal plate, meet the requirements of production process, and effectively solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a hot rolling multistage echelon surface treatment system of temperature of sheet metal, includes the rolling mill main frame, and both sides are provided with the working roll device respectively and work the roller device down about the rolling mill main frame is inside, the inside import side of rolling mill main frame and outlet side symmetrical arrangement have the equipment parts device in the frame, including mount, fastening screw, hydraulic drive device, adjustable screw, resilient means, connecting plate and the baffle that flattens, the mount passes through fastening screw and is connected with the rolling mill main frame, just the mount is regarded as hydraulic drive device's base simultaneously to through adjustable screw connection resilient means, resilient means passes through the connecting plate and connects the baffle that flattens, and secondary surface treatment system in inside air purge device and the frame of rolling mill main frame is provided with the preceding surface treatment system of frame and the cubic surface treatment system behind the frame respectively with the export rear side in the import front side of rolling mill main frame.

According to a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the air purging device comprises two groups of upper air purging devices, lower air purging devices and gas pressure regulators which are symmetrically arranged at the front side and the rear side in the main frame of the rolling mill, and the upper air purging devices and the lower air purging devices are respectively arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the metal plate and are connected with the gas pressure regulators.

As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the secondary surface treatment system in the rack comprises two groups of upper water pressure adjusting distributors, upper high-pressure water roller cleaning device spray heads, upper low-pressure process lubricating water spray heads, two groups of lower water pressure adjusting distributors, lower high-pressure water roller cleaning device spray heads and lower low-pressure process lubricating water spray heads, wherein the two groups of upper water pressure adjusting distributors, the upper high-pressure water roller cleaning device spray heads and the two groups of lower water pressure adjusting distributors are symmetrically arranged at an inlet and an outlet of an upper working roller device; the upper low-pressure process lubricating water spray head and the lower low-pressure process lubricating water spray head are respectively connected to an external high-low pressure pump system through an upper low-pressure process lubricating branch pipe and a lower low-pressure process lubricating branch pipe;

the dust suppression device is characterized by further comprising two groups of high-pressure water dust suppression sprayers symmetrically arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the upper working roll device, dust suppression branch pipes, a dust suppression sprayer direction regulator, an upper high-pressure emulsion distributor, an upper high-pressure emulsion adjustable sprayer, two groups of lower high-pressure emulsion adjustable sprayers symmetrically arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the lower working roll device, a lower high-pressure emulsion distributor and a fixing device, wherein the high-pressure water dust suppression sprayers are connected with the dust suppression sprayer direction regulator through the dust suppression branch pipes; the lower high-pressure emulsion distributor is fixedly arranged inside the main frame of the rolling mill through a fixing device, and the adjustable spray head of the lower high-pressure emulsion is connected with an outlet of the lower high-pressure emulsion distributor.

According to a preferable technical scheme, the front surface treatment system of the rack and the rear surface treatment system of the rack are identical in structure and are symmetrically arranged with each other, the front surface treatment system of the rack and the rear surface treatment system of the rack both comprise an upper box device and a lower box device, a metal plate penetrates through the upper box device and the lower box device, an upper clamping water blasting roller cantilever support and a lower clamping water blasting roller cantilever support are symmetrically arranged in the upper box device and the lower box device, the upper clamping water blasting roller cantilever support and the lower clamping water blasting roller cantilever support are respectively provided with an upper clamping water blasting roller and a lower clamping water blasting roller, the metal plate penetrates through the upper clamping water blasting roller and the lower clamping water blasting roller, an upper low-pressure water branch pipe and a lower low-pressure water branch pipe corresponding to the upper clamping water blasting roller and the lower clamping water blasting roller are respectively arranged in the upper box device and the lower box device, and an upper low-pressure water small-flow spray head and a lower low-flow spray head are respectively arranged on the upper low-pressure water branch pipe and the lower low-pressure water branch pipe.

As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the primary surface treatment system before the rack and the tertiary surface treatment system after the rack further comprise an upper steel wire brush roll cantilever support and a lower steel wire brush roll cantilever support which are respectively arranged in the upper box device and the lower box device, the upper steel wire brush roll cantilever support and the lower steel wire brush roll cantilever support are respectively provided with an upper steel wire brush roll and a lower steel wire brush roll, the upper box device and the lower box device are respectively internally provided with an upper high-pressure water branch pipe and a lower high-pressure water branch pipe which correspond to the upper steel wire brush roll and the lower steel wire brush roll, and the upper high-pressure water branch pipe and the lower high-pressure water branch pipe are respectively provided with an upper high-pressure water small-flow sprayer and a lower high-pressure water small-flow sprayer.

The invention also provides a multi-step surface layer treatment method for hot-temperature rolling of the metal plate, which adopts the multi-step surface layer treatment system for hot-temperature rolling of the metal plate to carry out treatment and comprises the following steps:

s1), heating a metal plate with the thickness of Xmm to 700 to 1300 ℃, then conveying the metal plate to a primary surface treatment system in front of a frame, wherein the press roll gap value of an upper water clamping and blasting roller and a lower water clamping and blasting roller is 0.95X to 0.98Xmm, so that the surface layer of the metal plate is rolled and loosened, an upper low-pressure water small-flow nozzle and a lower low-pressure water small-flow nozzle respectively spray water with the pressure of 0.1 to 0.15MPa and the temperature of more than or equal to 60 ℃ through an upper low-pressure water branch pipe and a lower low-pressure water branch pipe, and the flow rate of the water is 2 to 3m ³ And h, the slightly cracked hot surface layer is exploded when meeting water after being pressed down, and the exploded surface layer is brushed by an upper steel wire brush roller and a lower steel wire brush roller which are arranged at the rear part, so that the surface of the metal plate is smooth and clean. Simultaneously, the upper high-pressure water small-flow sprayer and the lower high-pressure water small-flow sprayer spray water with the pressure of 2-5 MPa and the temperature of more than or equal to 60 ℃ to the upper steel wire brush roll and the lower steel wire brush roll through the upper high-pressure water branch pipe and the lower high-pressure water branch pipe respectively, and broken surface metals continuously bonded on the surfaces of the upper steel wire brush roll and the lower steel wire brush roll are removed;

s2), the metal plate after primary surface treatment enters a main frame of a rolling mill, clean air with the pressure of 0.3-0.8MPa is blown out by an upper air blowing device and a lower air blowing device in front of the rolling mill, residual moisture and slag on the surface of the metal plate are completely removed, then a flattening guide plate is pressed down under the driving of a hydraulic driving device, a secondary surface layer treatment system in an upper rolling device and the main frame of the rolling mill is completely protected, and a crushed surface metal layer is prevented from being pressed into a roller or impacting related parts; the method comprises the following steps that an upper high-pressure emulsion adjustable spray head and a lower high-pressure emulsion adjustable spray head of a surface defect layer formed in the hot warm rolling process in a rolling mill frame spray emulsion with the pressure of 15 to 22MPa and the temperature of more than or equal to 50 ℃ in the opposite directions of the upper high-pressure emulsion distributor and the lower high-pressure emulsion distributor and a metal plate to strike and crush, the crushed metal surface layer falls into a memorial archway pit of a rolling mill completely under the blocking of a floating flattening guide plate, and trace metal particle dust mist is inhibited completely under the action of fluid with the pressure of 0.5 to 3MPa sprayed by a high-pressure dust suppression spray head in the frame, does not escape at four positions and rushes into the memorial archway pit together with the fluid; the micro-broken metal surface layers bonded on the surfaces of the upper working roll device and the lower working roll device are removed and cleaned under the action of fluid with the pressure of 3 to 5MPa sprayed by the upper high-pressure water roller cleaner nozzle and the lower high-pressure water roller cleaner nozzle; the 0.05 to 0.2MPa fluid sprayed by the upper low-pressure process lubricating water spray head and the lower low-pressure process lubricating water spray head enables a process lubricating medium film which can effectively reduce the direct contact between the roller and the metal, avoid roller sticking and ensure the surface quality of the metal sheet to be generated between the roller surface and the metal sheet surface.

S3), the metal plate after warm rolling and secondary surface treatment enters a tertiary surface treatment system after the rack from the main rack of the rolling mill, the tertiary surface treatment system does not work at the moment, the metal plate is directly moved to the outside, the warm rolling of one pass is completed at the moment, the metal plate enters the main rack of the rolling mill from the tertiary surface treatment system after the rack when the warm rolling of two passes is performed, the surface of the metal plate is treated by using the tertiary surface treatment system after the rack, the steps are the same as S1), after the surface treatment of the metal plate of two passes is performed by the tertiary surface treatment system after the rack, the metal plate enters the main rack of the rolling mill and is treated by the secondary surface treatment system in the rack again, the step is the same as the step S2), then the metal plate moves from the main frame of the rolling mill to the previous surface treatment system of the frame, at the moment, the previous surface treatment system of the frame does not work, and the metal plate enters the main frame of the rolling mill from the previous surface treatment system of the frame again during the warm rolling of the third pass, namely, the warm rolling of the first thirty-five equal passes enters the main frame of the rolling mill from the previous surface treatment system of the frame, and after the surface treatment of two times, the warm rolling of the second forty-six equal passes enters the main frame of the rolling mill from the third surface treatment system of the back of the frame, the surface treatment steps of the metal plate of the two times are the same, and the moving directions are opposite.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the system and the method for processing the multi-stage echelon surface layer of the metal plate in the hot-rolling process can completely process the surface defect layers with different properties formed at each stage on the surface of the metal plate in a targeted echelon manner, cannot cause additional temperature drop of the metal plate, and meet the requirements of the production process.

2. The multi-stage gradient surface layer treatment system and the method for hot-warm rolling of the metal plate are arranged on line along with a hot-warm rolling production line, are compact in arrangement, do not influence the normal production process, and have low investment cost.

3. The system and the method for processing the multi-stage echelon surface layer of the metal plate in the hot rolling process are simple and safe, are easy to operate and realize, and can meet the requirement of continuous multi-stage high-efficiency processing of various defect layers on the surfaces of various rare and noble metals and metals difficult to roll.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of the secondary surface treatment system in a rack according to the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a former surface treatment system of a rack and a latter three surface treatment system of the rack.

In the figure: 1 rolling mill main frame, 2 fixing frame, 3 fastening screw, 4 hydraulic driving device, 5 adjustable screw, 6 elastic device, 7 connecting plate, 8 flattening guide plate, 9 upper air purging device, 10 lower air purging device, 11 gas pressure regulator, 12 upper working roll device, 13 upper high pressure water roller cleaner nozzle, 14 upper low pressure process lubricating water nozzle, 15 upper water pressure adjusting distributor, 16 upper roller cleaner branch pipe, 17 upper low pressure process lubricating branch pipe, 18 high pressure water dust suppression nozzle, 19 dust suppression branch pipe, 20 dust suppression nozzle direction regulator, 21 upper high pressure emulsion distributor, 22 upper high pressure emulsion adjustable nozzle, 23 lower high pressure emulsion adjustable nozzle, 24 lower high pressure emulsion distributor, 25 fixing device, 26 lower low pressure process lubricating water nozzle, 5 adjustable screw, 6 elastic device, 7 connecting plate, 8 flattening guide plate 27 lower hydraulic pressure adjusting distributor, 28 lower low pressure process lubricating branch pipe, 29 lower roller cleaner branch pipe, 30 lower high pressure water roller cleaner spray head, 31 lower working roller device, 32 upper box device, 33 upper clamping water blasting roller, 34 upper clamping water blasting roller cantilever support, 35 lower clamping water blasting roller cantilever support, 36 lower clamping water blasting roller, 37 upper low pressure water small flow spray head, 38 upper low pressure water branch pipe, 39 upper high pressure water branch pipe, 40 upper high pressure water small flow spray head, 41 upper wire brush roller, 42 upper wire brush roller cantilever support, 43 lower wire brush roller cantilever support, 44 lower wire brush roller, 45 lower high pressure water small flow spray head, 46 lower high pressure water branch pipe, 47 lower low pressure water branch pipe, 48 lower low pressure water small flow spray head, 49 lower box device.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-3, aiming at the current situation that the metal plate blank can not be effectively processed on line in the hot rolling process in the technical field, and further the product quality, the yield and the production cost can not meet the requirements of key fields and important industries on the materials of rare and difficult-to-roll metal products, the technology carries out a great deal of theoretical analysis, laboratory tests, field pilot-scale tests and other researches and practices on the categories, components and thicknesses of various defect layers on the surface, the categories, the compositions and the thicknesses of various defect layers, the binding force with a substrate, the pressing deformation capability and the crushing performance of various rare and difficult-to-roll metals, the blasting performance and the looseness of instantaneous contact with water and water-based emulsion in the early stage, and the like, and simultaneously combines the unit configuration of the special hot rolling production line for the rare and difficult-to-roll metals, particularly the actual design conditions of equipment inside and outside a stand and the like, the invention provides a technical scheme: the multi-stage echelon surface layer treatment system inside and outside the main frame for hot-warm rolling of the metal plate is characterized in that a front-time surface layer treatment system (attached figure 3) of the frame and a back-time surface layer treatment system (attached figure 3) of the frame are arranged outside the main frame for hot-warm rolling, and a secondary surface layer treatment system (attached figure 2) is arranged inside the main frame.

As shown in fig. 1, an upper working roll device 12 and a lower working roll device 31 are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side inside a main frame 1 of a rolling mill, and equipment component devices in the frame are symmetrically arranged on the inlet side and the outlet side of the main frame 1 of the rolling mill, and comprise a fixed frame 2, a fastening screw 3, a hydraulic driving device 4, an adjustable screw 5, an elastic device 6, a connecting plate 7, a flattening guide plate 8, an upper air purging device 9, a lower air purging device 10 and a gas pressure regulator 11.

The fixing frame 2 is connected with the main frame 1 of the rolling mill through a fastening screw 3.

The fixing frame 2 is simultaneously used as a base of the hydraulic driving device 4 and is connected with an elastic device 6 through an adjustable screw 5, and the elastic device 6 is connected with a flattening guide plate 8 through a connecting plate 7.

In the production process, the flattening guide plate 8 is pressed down and lifted up through the driving of the hydraulic driving device 4, a secondary surface layer treatment device in the main frame is protected, and the stability of the floating flattening guide plate 8 to the back lining of the metal plate is ensured when the surface layer is treated in the hot-temperature rolling process of the metal plate.

The blowing directions of an upper air blowing device 9 and a lower air blowing device 10 in front of and behind the machine are opposite to the running direction of the metal sheet, and the pressure of blowing air is controlled to be 0.3 to 0.8MPa through a gas pressure regulator 11.

As shown in the attached figure 2, in the structure diagram of the secondary surface treatment system in the main frame of the rolling mill, an upper high-pressure water roll cleaner spray head 13 and a lower high-pressure water roll cleaner spray head 30 are symmetrically arranged at the inlet and the outlet of an upper working roll device 12 and a lower working roll device 31, an upper low-pressure process lubricating water spray head 14 and a lower low-pressure process lubricating water spray head 26 are respectively connected with a high-low pressure pump system through an upper hydraulic pressure adjusting distributor 15 and a lower hydraulic pressure adjusting distributor 27, an upper roll cleaner branch pipe 16 and a lower roll cleaner branch pipe 29, and an upper low-pressure process lubricating branch pipe 17 and a lower low-pressure process lubricating branch pipe 28. The high-pressure water dust suppression spray head 18 is connected with a dust suppression spray head direction regulator 20 through a dust suppression branch pipe 19.

The pressure of the jet fluid of the upper high-pressure water roller cleaner spray head 13 is 3 to 5MPa, and the jet direction is opposite to the rotation direction of the upper working roll device 12. The pressure of the fluid sprayed by the upper low-pressure process lubricating water spray head 14 is 0.05 to 0.2MPa, and the spraying direction is opposite to the rotating direction of the upper working roll device 12. The pressure of the fluid sprayed by the high-pressure water dust suppression spray head 18 is 0.5 to 3MPa, and the spraying direction is the same as the rotating direction of the upper working roll device 12.

The upper high-pressure emulsion adjustable nozzle 22 and the lower high-pressure emulsion adjustable nozzle 23 spray emulsion with the pressure of 15 to 22mpa and the temperature of more than or equal to 50 ℃ to the direction opposite to the running direction of the metal sheet through the upper high-pressure emulsion distributor 21 and the lower high-pressure emulsion distributor 24, and the lower high-pressure emulsion distributor 24 is fixedly arranged in the main frame 1 of the rolling mill through a fixing device 25.

As shown in fig. 3, a structure diagram of a primary and a secondary tertiary surface treatment systems of an outer machine of a main frame of a rolling mill is shown, wherein the primary surface treatment system of the main frame is identical in structure to the secondary surface treatment system of the main frame and the secondary surface treatment system of the main frame, and the primary surface treatment system of the main frame and the secondary surface treatment system of the main frame are symmetrically arranged, specifically, structures such as an upper water clamping and blasting roller 33 and a lower water clamping and blasting roller 36 of the primary surface treatment system of the main frame and the secondary surface treatment system of the main frame are arranged at positions far away from the main frame 1 of the rolling mill, structures such as an upper wire brush roller 41 and a lower wire brush roller 44 are arranged at positions close to the main frame 1 of the rolling mill, and the primary surface treatment system of the main frame and the secondary surface treatment system of the main frame are symmetrically arranged relative to each other with a center line of the main frame 1 of the rolling mill as a symmetry axis.

The upper clamping water-feeding blasting rollers 33 and the lower clamping water-feeding blasting rollers 36 are symmetrically arranged above and below the metal plates in the upper box device 32 and the lower box device 49 and are fixed on the upper box device 32 and the lower box device 49 through upper clamping water-feeding blasting roller cantilever supports 34 and lower clamping water-feeding blasting roller cantilever supports 35 respectively. The upper low-pressure water small-flow nozzle 37 and the lower low-pressure water small-flow nozzle 48 respectively spray water with the pressure of 0.1-0.15MPa and the temperature of more than or equal to 60 ℃ to the upper water-clamping blasting roller 33 and the lower water-clamping blasting roller 36 through the upper low-pressure water branch pipe 38 and the lower low-pressure water branch pipe 47.

Upper wire brush rolls 41 and lower wire brush rolls 44 are symmetrically arranged above and below the metal plates in the upper box device 32 and the lower box device 49, and are fixed on the upper box device 32 and the lower box device 49 through upper wire brush roll cantilever supports 42 and lower wire brush roll cantilever supports 43, respectively. The upper high-pressure water small-flow sprayer 40 and the lower high-pressure water small-flow sprayer 45 respectively spray water with the pressure of 2-5 MPa and the temperature of more than or equal to 60 ℃ to the upper steel wire brush roll 41 and the lower steel wire brush roll 44 through the upper high-pressure water branch pipe 39 and the lower high-pressure water branch pipe 46, so that the temperature drop of the metal plate is reduced, the quality of the plate is ensured, and the energy consumed by heating for keeping the temperature subsequently is reduced.

The invention also provides a method for processing the multi-stage gradient surface layer by hot-warm rolling of the metal plate, which adopts the multi-stage gradient surface layer processing system for hot-warm rolling of the metal plate to process and comprises the following steps:

s1), heating a metal plate with the thickness of Xmm to 700-1300 ℃, then conveying the metal plate to a primary surface treatment system in front of a frame, wherein the press roll gap value of an upper water clamping and blasting roller 33 and a lower water clamping and blasting roller 36 is 0.95X-0.98Xmm, so that the surface layer of the metal plate is rolled and loosened, an upper low-pressure water small-flow sprayer 37 and a lower low-pressure water small-flow sprayer 48 respectively spray water with the pressure of 0.1-0.15MPa and the temperature of more than or equal to 60 ℃ to the upper water clamping and blasting roller 33 and the lower water clamping and blasting roller 36 through an upper low-pressure water branch pipe 38 and a lower low-pressure water branch pipe 47, and the flow rate is 2-3m ³ And h, the slightly cracked hot surface layer is exploded when meeting water after being pressed down, and the exploded surface layer is brushed by an upper steel wire brush roller 41 and a lower steel wire brush roller 44 arranged at the rear part, so that the surface of the metal plate is smooth and clean. At the same time, the upper high-pressure water small-flow nozzle 40 is arranged belowThe low-flow spray head 45 of the lower high-pressure water sprays water with the pressure of 2-5 MPa and the temperature of more than or equal to 60 ℃ to the upper steel wire brush roll 41 and the lower steel wire brush roll 44 through the upper high-pressure water branch pipe 39 and the lower high-pressure water branch pipe 46 respectively to remove the broken surface metal continuously adhered to the surfaces of the upper steel wire brush roll 41 and the lower steel wire brush roll 44;

s2), the metal plate after the primary surface treatment enters a main frame 1 of a rolling mill, clean air with the pressure of 0.3-0.8MPa is blown out by an upper air blowing device 9 and a lower air blowing device 10 in front of the rolling mill, residual moisture and slag on the surface of the metal plate are completely removed, then a flattening guide plate 8 is pressed down under the driving of a hydraulic driving device 4, a secondary surface layer treatment system in an upper roller device and the main frame 1 of the rolling mill is completely protected, and a crushed surface metal layer is prevented from being pressed into a roller or impacting related parts; the upper high-pressure emulsion adjustable spray head 22 and the lower high-pressure emulsion adjustable spray head 23 of a surface defect layer formed in the hot warm rolling process in a rolling mill frame spray emulsion with the pressure of 15 to 22MPa and the temperature of more than or equal to 50 ℃ in the direction opposite to the running direction of a metal plate through an upper high-pressure emulsion distributor 21 and a lower high-pressure emulsion distributor 24 to strike and crush, the crushed metal surface layer falls into a memorial archway pit of a rolling mill completely under the blocking of a floating flattening guide plate 8, and trace metal particle dust mist is inhibited completely under the action of fluid with the pressure of 0.5 to 3MPa sprayed by a high-pressure dust suppression spray head 18 in the frame, does not generate scattering at four positions and is flushed into the memorial archway pit together with the fluid; the micro-broken metal surface layers bonded on the surfaces of the upper working roll device 12 and the lower working roll device 31 are removed and cleaned under the action of the fluid with the pressure of 3 to 5MPa sprayed by the upper high-pressure water roller cleaner spray nozzle 13 and the lower high-pressure water roller cleaner spray nozzle 30; the 0.05 to 0.2MPa fluid sprayed by the upper low-pressure process lubricating water spray head 14 and the lower low-pressure process lubricating water spray head 26 enables a process lubricating medium film which can effectively reduce the direct contact between the roller and the metal, avoid roller sticking and ensure the surface quality of the metal sheet to be generated between the roller surface and the metal sheet surface.

S3), the metal plate after warm rolling and secondary surface treatment enters the position of a third-time surface treatment system after the rack from the main rack 1 of the rolling mill, at the moment, the third-time surface treatment system after the rack does not work, the metal plate is directly moved to the outside, at the moment, one-time warm rolling is finished, when the two-time warm rolling is carried out, the metal plate enters the main rack 1 of the rolling mill from the third-time surface treatment system after the rack, at the moment, the surface of the metal plate is treated by using the third-time surface treatment system after the rack, the steps are the same as S1), after the surface of the metal plate is treated by the third-time surface treatment system after the rack, the metal plate enters the main rack 1 of the rolling mill and is treated by the secondary surface treatment system in the rack again, the step is the same as the step S2), then the metal plate moves from the main frame 1 of the rolling mill to the position of the previous surface treatment system of the frame, at the moment, the previous surface treatment system of the frame does not work, and the metal plate enters the main frame 1 of the rolling mill from the previous surface treatment system of the frame again during the warm rolling of the third pass, namely the warm rolling of the first three, five and seven passes and the like enters the main frame 1 of the rolling mill from the previous surface treatment system of the frame, and after the surface treatment of the two passes, the warm rolling of the second four, six and eight passes and the like enters the main frame 1 of the rolling mill from the next surface treatment system of the third time of the frame, the surface treatment steps of the metal plate of the two times are the same, and the moving directions are opposite.

The parts which are not disclosed in the invention are all the prior art, and the specific structure, the materials and the working principle are not detailed. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a hot rolling multistage echelon superficial layer processing system of temperature of sheet metal, includes rolling mill main frame (1), and both sides are provided with work roll device (12) and work roll device (31) down respectively about rolling mill main frame (1) is inside, its characterized in that: the device comprises a fixing frame (2), a fastening screw (3), a hydraulic driving device (4), an adjustable screw (5), an elastic device (6), a connecting plate (7) and a flattening guide plate (8), wherein the fixing frame (2) is connected with the main frame (1) through the fastening screw (3), the fixing frame (2) is used as a base of the hydraulic driving device (4) and is connected with the elastic device (6) through the adjustable screw (5), the elastic device (6) is connected with the flattening guide plate (8) through the connecting plate (7), an air purging device and a secondary surface treatment system in the frame are arranged inside the main frame (1), and the front inlet side and the rear outlet side of the main frame (1) are respectively provided with a primary surface treatment system before the frame and a tertiary surface treatment system after the frame.

2. The system for the hot-rolling multistage stepped surface layer treatment of a metal plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the air purging device comprises two groups of upper air purging devices (9), lower air purging devices (10) and a gas pressure regulator (11) which are symmetrically arranged on the front side and the rear side inside the main frame (1) of the rolling mill, wherein the upper air purging devices (9) and the lower air purging devices (10) are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of a metal plate and are connected with the gas pressure regulator (11).

3. The system for the hot-rolling multistage stepped surface layer treatment of a metal plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the secondary surface treatment system in the machine frame comprises two groups of upper water pressure adjusting distributors (15) symmetrically arranged at an inlet and an outlet of an upper working roll device (12), an upper high-pressure water roller cleaner spray head (13), an upper low-pressure process lubricating water spray head (14), two groups of lower water pressure adjusting distributors (27) symmetrically arranged at an inlet and an outlet of a lower working roll device (31), a lower high-pressure water roller cleaner spray head (30) and a lower low-pressure process lubricating water spray head (26), wherein the upper high-pressure water roller cleaner spray head (13) is connected with an external high-low pressure pump system through the upper water pressure adjusting distributors (15) and upper roller cleaner branch pipes (16), and the lower high-pressure water roller cleaner spray head (30) is connected with the external high-low pressure pump system through the lower water pressure adjusting distributors (27) and lower roller cleaner branch pipes (29); the upper low-pressure process lubricating water spray head (14) and the lower low-pressure process lubricating water spray head (26) are respectively connected to an external high-low pressure pump system through an upper low-pressure process lubricating branch pipe (17) and a lower low-pressure process lubricating branch pipe (28);

the device is characterized by further comprising two groups of high-pressure water dust suppression sprayers (18) symmetrically arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the upper working roll device (12), dust suppression branch pipes (19), a dust suppression sprayer direction regulator (20), an upper high-pressure emulsion distributor (21), an upper high-pressure emulsion adjustable sprayer (22), two groups of lower high-pressure emulsion adjustable sprayers (23), a lower high-pressure emulsion distributor (24) and a fixing device (25), wherein the two groups of lower high-pressure emulsion adjustable sprayers (23), the lower high-pressure emulsion distributor and the fixing device are symmetrically arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the lower working roll device (31), the high-pressure water dust suppression sprayer (18) is connected with the dust suppression sprayer direction regulator (20) through the dust suppression branch pipes (19), the upper high-pressure emulsion distributor (21) and the upper high-pressure emulsion adjustable sprayer (22) are arranged below the high-pressure water dust suppression sprayer (18), and the upper high-pressure emulsion adjustable sprayer (22) is connected with the outlet of the upper high-pressure emulsion distributor (21); the lower high-pressure emulsion distributor (24) is fixedly arranged in the main frame (1) of the rolling mill through a fixing device (25), and the lower high-pressure emulsion adjustable nozzle (23) is connected with an outlet of the lower high-pressure emulsion distributor (24).

4. The system for treating the surface layer of the metal plate in the multistage stepped hot rolling way according to claim 1, wherein: the three-time surface treatment system structure behind the previous surface treatment system of the rack and the rack is the same and is symmetrically arranged with each other, the three-time surface treatment system structure behind the previous surface treatment system of the rack and the rack comprises an upper box device (32) and a lower box device (49), a metal plate penetrates through the upper box device (32) and the lower box device (49), an upper water clamping and blasting roller cantilever support (34) and a lower water clamping and blasting roller cantilever support (35) are symmetrically arranged inside the upper box device (32) and the lower box device (49), an upper water clamping and blasting roller (33) and a lower water clamping and blasting roller (36) are respectively installed on the upper water clamping and blasting roller cantilever support (34) and the lower water clamping and blasting roller cantilever support (35), the metal plate penetrates through the upper water clamping and blasting roller (33) and the lower water clamping and blasting roller (36) from the upper part, small upper water pressure branch pipes (47) and lower water pressure branch pipes (38) corresponding to the upper water clamping and blasting roller (33) and the lower water clamping and blasting roller (36) are respectively arranged inside the upper box device (32) and the lower box device (49), and small water pressure branch pipes (47) and small water flow nozzles (47) and low pressure branch pipes (47) corresponding to the upper water blasting roller (36) and lower water flow rate are respectively.

5. The system for the hot-rolling multistage stepped surface layer treatment of a metal plate as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the former surface treatment system of the rack and the latter three surface treatment system of the rack further comprise an upper steel wire brush roller cantilever support (42) and a lower steel wire brush roller cantilever support (43) which are respectively arranged in the upper box device (32) and the lower box device (49), the upper steel wire brush roller cantilever support (42) and the lower steel wire brush roller cantilever support (43) are respectively provided with an upper steel wire brush roller (41) and a lower steel wire brush roller (44), the upper box device (32) and the lower box device (49) are respectively internally provided with an upper high-pressure water branch pipe (39) and a lower high-pressure water branch pipe (46) which correspond to the upper steel wire brush roller (41) and the lower steel wire brush roller (44), and the upper high-pressure water branch pipe (39) and the lower high-pressure water branch pipe (46) are respectively provided with an upper high-pressure water small-flow sprayer (40) and a lower high-pressure water small-flow sprayer (45).

6. A multi-step surface layer processing method for hot rolling of a metal plate adopts the multi-step surface layer processing system for hot rolling of the metal plate to process the metal plate, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1), heating a metal plate with the thickness of Xmm to 700-1300 ℃, conveying the metal plate to a primary surface treatment system in front of a frame, and rolling and loosening a surface layer of the metal plate by using an upper water clamping and blasting roller (33) and a lower water clamping and blasting roller (36) with a rolling gap value of 0.95X-0.98Xmm, wherein the upper low-pressure water has a small flow rateA spray head (37) and a lower low-pressure water small-flow spray head (48) respectively spray water with the pressure of 0.1 to 0.15MPa and the temperature of more than or equal to 60 ℃ to an upper water clamping and blasting roller (33) and a lower water clamping and blasting roller (36) through an upper low-pressure water branch pipe (38) and a lower low-pressure water branch pipe (47), and the flow is 2 to 3m ³ And h, the slightly cracked hot surface layer is exploded when meeting water after being pressed down, and the exploded surface layer is brushed away by an upper steel wire brush roller (41) and a lower steel wire brush roller (44) arranged at the rear part, so that the surface of the metal plate is smooth and clean. Meanwhile, the upper high-pressure water small-flow sprayer (40) and the lower high-pressure water small-flow sprayer (45) respectively spray water with the pressure of 2-5MPa and the temperature of more than or equal to 60 ℃ to the upper steel wire brush roll (41) and the lower steel wire brush roll (44) through the upper high-pressure water branch pipe (39) and the lower high-pressure water branch pipe (46), and remove broken surface metal continuously bonded on the surfaces of the upper steel wire brush roll (41) and the lower steel wire brush roll (44);

s2), the metal plate after primary surface treatment enters a main frame (1) of a rolling mill, clean air with the pressure of 0.3-0.8MPa is blown out by an upper air blowing device (9) and a lower air blowing device (10) in front of the rolling mill, residual moisture and broken slag on the surface of the metal plate are completely removed, then a flattening guide plate (8) is pressed down under the driving of a hydraulic driving device (4), a secondary surface layer treatment system in an upper rolling device and the main frame (1) of the rolling mill is completely protected, and a broken surface metal layer is prevented from being pressed into a rolling roll or impacting related parts; an upper high-pressure emulsion adjustable nozzle (22) and a lower high-pressure emulsion adjustable nozzle (23) of a surface defect layer formed in the hot warm rolling process are used for beating and crushing emulsion with the pressure of 15 to 22MPa and the temperature of more than or equal to 50 ℃ in the direction opposite to the running direction of a metal plate through an upper high-pressure emulsion distributor (21) and a lower high-pressure emulsion distributor (24), the crushed metal surface layer completely falls into a housing pit of a rolling mill under the blocking of a floating flattening guide plate (8), and trace metal particle dust mist is completely inhibited under the action of high-pressure water and high-pressure fluid with the pressure of 0.5 to 3MPa sprayed by a high-pressure water dust suppression nozzle (18) in the frame, does not generate dissipation all around and is flushed into the housing pit along with the fluid; the surface layers of the trace crushed metal adhered to the surfaces of the upper working roll device (12) and the lower working roll device (31) are removed and cleaned under the action of fluid with the pressure of 3 to 5MPa sprayed by an upper high-pressure water roller cleaner spray head (13) and a lower high-pressure water roller cleaner spray head (30); the 0.05 to 0.2MPa fluid sprayed by the upper low-pressure process lubricating water spray head (14) and the lower low-pressure process lubricating water spray head (26) enables a process lubricating medium film which can effectively reduce the direct contact between the roller and the metal, avoid roller sticking and ensure the surface quality of the metal plate to be generated between the roller surface and the metal plate surface.

S3), the metal plate after warm rolling and secondary surface treatment enters a third surface treatment system after the rack from the main rack (1) of the rolling mill, at the moment, the third surface treatment system does not work after the rack, the metal plate is directly moved to the outside, at the moment, warm rolling of one pass is completed, when warm rolling of two passes is performed, the metal plate enters the main rack (1) of the rolling mill from the third surface treatment system after the rack, at the moment, the surface of the metal plate is treated by using the third surface treatment system after the rack, the steps are the same as S1), after the surface treatment of the metal plate of two passes is performed by the third surface treatment system after the rack, the metal plate enters the main rack (1) of the rolling mill and is treated by the secondary surface treatment system in the rack again, the step is the same as the step S2), then the metal plate moves from the main frame (1) of the rolling mill to the position of the previous surface treatment system of the frame, at the moment, the previous surface treatment system of the frame does not work, and the metal plate enters the main frame (1) of the rolling mill from the previous surface treatment system of the frame again during the warm rolling of the third pass, namely the warm rolling of the first three-five-equal passes enters the main frame (1) of the rolling mill from the previous surface treatment system of the frame, the metal plate undergoes surface treatment twice, the warm rolling of the second four-six-eight-equal passes enters the main frame (1) of the rolling mill from the last three surface treatment system of the frame, the surface treatment steps of the metal plate at two times are the same, and the moving directions are opposite.

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