CN115846393A - Ecological restoration method for arsenic-polluted soil - Google Patents
Ecological restoration method for arsenic-polluted soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN115846393A CN115846393A CN202211729900.0A CN202211729900A CN115846393A CN 115846393 A CN115846393 A CN 115846393A CN 202211729900 A CN202211729900 A CN 202211729900A CN 115846393 A CN115846393 A CN 115846393A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ecological restoration method of arsenic-polluted soil, and particularly relates to the technical field of soil restoration, wherein the restoration method comprises the following steps: step 1, preparing a soil restoration agent; step 2, soil is turned loose; step 3, mixing soil; step 4, spreading mixed soil; and 5, spraying. The method treats the spores in a pre-germination mode, the spores are subjected to an internal cell differentiation process in the mixed soil, when the mixed soil is spread in a soil plough layer of a designated area, the initial germination process of the spores can be omitted, the spores can quickly germinate and grow small tender shoots, and the small shoots of the spores can be in a proper growth environment due to proper air content and moisture content in the soil of the plough layer, so that the survival rate of the small shoots is high, the growth condition of the small shoots is improved, arsenic elements in the soil are absorbed by the ciliate desert grass, and the soil ecology is restored.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil remediation, in particular to an ecological remediation method for arsenic-contaminated soil.
Background
In some mining areas and areas around smelting plants, and agricultural areas and garden areas with high waste utilization intensity, the risk of arsenic exceeding standard in soil and crops is higher, and is ten times or more than ten times of that in common agricultural areas and garden scenic areas. The soil is repaired by a solidification/stabilization method in the ecological repair process of the soil polluted by the motherland, which means that free-state arsenic and exchange-state arsenic in the soil are directly fixed to reach a stable state by adding a stabilization agent into the arsenic-containing polluted soil, so that the migration of the arsenic in the soil is reduced, the biological effectiveness of the arsenic is reduced, and the conditions for providing the environment and the micro-ecology are restored.
Chinese patent with patent publication number CN114774132A discloses a preparation method of a garden soil ecological restoration agent, which comprises the following steps: step 1, cleaning vermiculite particles, grinding the vermiculite particles into powder, and sieving the powder; step 2, dissolving diboron trioxide in acid liquor, and mixing with scandium trichloride solution under the condition of an adhesive; step 3, placing the solid mixture in a tubular furnace for high-temperature roasting treatment to obtain scandium diboride/expanded vermiculite; step 4, treating scandium diboride/expanded vermiculite by using dicarboxylic acid; step 5, acylating and chlorinating carboxylated scandium diboride/expanded vermiculite; and 6, reacting trimethoprim with acyl chloride scandium diboride/expanded vermiculite to obtain the garden soil ecological restoration agent. The ecological restoration agent obtained by the invention has a good restoration effect on soil, and can simultaneously restore inorganic pollutants and organic pollutants in soil.
Chinese patent with patent publication No. CN113563893A discloses a soil remediation agent and a preparation method and application thereof in reducing arsenic pollution, wherein the preparation method comprises the steps of drying mixed slurry of red mud, fulvic acid iron and natrium-iron ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid activated by waste acid produced in titanium dioxide production, and mixing the dried mixed slurry with phosphogypsum to obtain the soil remediation agent. The repairing agent can simultaneously reduce the ecological toxicity and leaching toxicity of arsenic, can also reduce the hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient of the repaired soil, and can reduce the harm of the repaired soil to the surrounding soil and the water environment.
However, in actual use, soil hardening, nutrient loss and the like can be caused by the fact that female pollution is always repaired in a chemical agent mode, so that in the prior art, when female soil is repaired, ciliate desert-grass or other ferns are usually adopted to solidify the soil and repair female elements in the soil, but the germination rate of spores of ciliate desert-grass is always low, and the death rate of the sprouting ciliate desert-grass within one month is extremely high in the growth process.
Disclosure of Invention
To overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide a long-lasting inhibitor of coal dust.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an ecological restoration method for arsenic-polluted soil comprises the following concrete restoration steps:
step 1, preparing a soil restoration agent, and preparing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-150 parts of ciliate desert-grass spore, 150-200 parts of matrix soil, 15-30 parts of gibberellin and 200-240 parts of GA3 solution with the concentration of 50 mg/kg;
step 2, soil is scarified, the soil in the designated area is deeply ploughed and ditched, so that the soil is guaranteed to be loose, the air content in the soil is improved, the air capacity of a plough layer in the soil is controlled to be 10% -15%, so that ciliate desert-grass spores are convenient to sprout, the water content in the soil is controlled to be 2% -3.5%, and if the water content in the soil is lower than an expected value, a watering mode can be adopted for water supplement;
step 3, mixing the soil, namely selecting the soil with a high-quality surface plough layer from the soil scarified in the step 2 as a soil base of the mixed soil, injecting the soil base into a stirring device, injecting the soil recovery agent in the step 1 into the stirring device, and fully stirring and mixing to form mixed soil;
step 4, spreading mixed soil, injecting the mixed soil formed in the step 3 into an agricultural sprayer, spraying the mixed soil to a plough layer which is turned over with soil in the designated area through the sprayer, continuously spraying water to the surface of the designated area, and fixing the mixed soil on the surface of the plough layer;
step 5, spraying, namely spreading cultivation soil on the mixed soil spread outside the designated area, wherein the cultivation soil comprises 300-400 parts of leaf mold and 350-450 parts of garden soil in parts by weight;
in a preferred embodiment, the matrix soil in step 1 is prepared by sieving humus-rich fine soil, sterilizing in an autoclave for 60min, and using the sterilized fine soil as a culture medium.
In a preferred embodiment, if the oxygen content in the soil in the step 2 is lower than 10%, which indicates that the air content in the soil is insufficient, the adjustment of the porosity of the soil is changed by taking measures such as cultivation, harrowing pressure and applying organic fertilizer, so as to increase the air capacity of the soil and increase the air capacity of the soil.
In a preferred embodiment, in the step 2, if the water content in the soil is lower than an expected value, water can be added in a sprinkling manner, so that the water content of the soil in a specified area reaches 2% -3.5%.
In a preferred embodiment, when the surface fine soil is selected in the step 3, the soil with a thin surface plough layer is taken, and the thickness is about 15-25mm.
In a preferred embodiment, when the soil is mixed in the stirring device in the step 3, the stirring time is about 100-140 minutes, and the stirring speed is controlled at 35-45r/min, so that the spore mixture is uniformly distributed in the soil.
In a preferred embodiment, the ratio of the spores in the mixed soil in the step 3 to the space volume of the mixed soil is 45% -55%.
In a preferred embodiment, the soil restoration agent comprises 100-150 parts of ciliate desert-grass spore, 150-200 parts of matrix soil, 15-30 parts of gibberellin and 200-240 parts of GA3 solution.
In a preferred embodiment, the GA3 solution has a concentration of 50mg/kg.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that:
according to the method, the spores are treated in a pre-germination mode by premixing the ciliate desert-grass spores and the high-quality soil base, the spores are subjected to an internal cell differentiation process in the mixed soil, when the mixed soil is spread in a soil plough layer of a designated area, the initial germination process of the spores can be omitted, the spores can quickly germinate and grow small buds, and the small buds can be in a proper growth environment due to proper air content and water content in the soil of the plough layer, so that the survival rate of the small buds is high, the growth condition of the small buds is improved, arsenic elements in the soil are absorbed by the ciliate desert-grass, and the soil ecology is restored.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
an ecological restoration method for arsenic-polluted soil comprises the following concrete restoration steps:
step 1, preparing a soil restoration agent, and preparing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of ciliate desert-grass spores, 150 parts of matrix soil, 15 parts of gibberellin and 200 parts of GA3 solution with the concentration of 50mg/kg, wherein the ciliate desert-grass spores pass through mature ciliate desert-grass leaves, the leaves are taken and crushed, and the ciliate desert-grass spores are propagated and separated by adopting a mature spore propagation method, wherein the preparation method of the matrix soil is to sieve fine soil rich in humus, put the fine soil into an autoclave for sterilization for 60min, and the sterilized fine soil is used as a cultivation matrix;
2, soil is scarified, soil in the designated area is deeply ploughed and ditched, so that soil is guaranteed to be loose, the air content in the soil is improved, the air capacity of a plough layer in the soil is controlled to be 10%, so that ciliate desert grass spores are convenient to sprout, if the oxygen content in the soil is lower than 10%, the air content in the soil is insufficient, the adjustment of the porosity of the soil is changed through measures such as ploughing, harrowing, applying organic fertilizer and the like, so that the air accommodation of the soil is increased, the air capacity of the soil is improved, the water content in the soil is controlled to be 2%, if the water content in the soil is lower than an expected value, water can be supplemented in a watering mode, and the water content of the soil in the designated area is enabled to reach 2%;
step 3, mixing soil, namely selecting high-quality soil with a surface plough layer from the soil scarified in the step 2 as a soil base of the mixed soil, wherein the soil of the surface plough layer is a thin layer with the thickness of about 15mm, injecting the soil base into a stirring device, injecting the soil recovery agent in the step 1 into the stirring device, fully stirring and mixing for about 100 minutes at a stirring speed of 35r/min, so that spores are uniformly distributed in the soil to form mixed soil, wherein the spores account for 45% of the volume of the mixed soil space;
step 4, spreading mixed soil, injecting the mixed soil formed in the step 3 into an agricultural sprayer, spraying the mixed soil to a plough layer which is turned over with soil in the designated area through the sprayer, continuously spraying water to the surface of the designated area, and fixing the mixed soil on the surface of the plough layer;
and 5, spraying, namely spreading cultivation soil on the mixed soil spread outside the designated area, wherein the cultivation soil comprises 300 parts of leaf mold soil and 350 parts of garden soil in parts by weight.
Example 2:
step 1, preparing a soil restoration agent, and preparing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 150 parts of ciliate desert-grass spores, 200 parts of matrix soil, 30 parts of gibberellin and 240 parts of GA3 solution with the concentration of 50mg/kg, wherein the ciliate desert-grass spores pass through mature ciliate desert-grass leaves, the leaves of the ciliate desert-grass leaves are taken and crushed, and the ciliate desert-grass spores are propagated and separated by adopting a mature spore propagation method, wherein the preparation method of the matrix soil is to sieve fine soil rich in humus, put the fine soil into an autoclave for sterilization for 60min, and the sterilized fine soil is used as a culture matrix;
2, soil is scarified, the soil in the designated area is deeply ploughed and ditched, so that the soil is guaranteed to be loose, the air content in the soil is improved, the air capacity of a plough layer in the soil is controlled to be 15% so that ciliate desert grass spores can conveniently sprout, if the oxygen content in the soil is lower than 10%, the air content in the soil is insufficient, the adjustment of the soil porosity is changed through measures such as ploughing, harrowing, applying organic fertilizer and the like so as to increase the air capacity of the soil, the air capacity of the soil is improved, the water content in the soil is controlled to be 3.5%, if the water content in the soil is lower than an expected value, water can be supplemented in a watering mode, and the water content of the soil in the designated area is enabled to reach 3.5%;
step 3, mixing soil, namely selecting high-quality soil with a relatively high-quality surface plough layer from the soil scarified in the step 2 as a soil base of the mixed soil, wherein the soil of the surface plough layer is a thin layer with the thickness of about 25mm, injecting the soil base into a stirring device, injecting the soil restoring agent in the step 1 into the stirring device, fully stirring and mixing, the stirring time is about 140 minutes, and the stirring speed is controlled at 45r/min, so that spores are mixed in the soil and uniformly distributed to form mixed soil, wherein the spores account for 55% of the volume of the space of the mixed soil;
step 4, spreading mixed soil, injecting the mixed soil formed in the step 3 into an agricultural sprayer, spraying the mixed soil to a plough layer which is turned over with soil in the designated area through the sprayer, continuously spraying water to the surface of the designated area, and fixing the mixed soil on the surface of the plough layer;
and 5, spraying, namely spreading cultivation soil on the mixed soil spread outside the specified area, wherein the cultivation soil comprises 400 parts of leaf mold soil and 450 parts of garden soil in parts by weight.
Example 3
Step 1, preparing a soil restoration agent, and preparing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of ciliate desert-grass spores, 160 parts of matrix soil, 20 parts of gibberellin and 210 parts of GA3 solution with the concentration of 50mg/kg, wherein the ciliate desert-grass spores pass through mature ciliate desert-grass leaves, the leaves of the ciliate desert-grass leaves are taken and crushed, and the ciliate desert-grass spores are propagated and separated by adopting a mature spore propagation method, wherein the preparation method of the matrix soil is to sieve fine soil rich in humus, put the fine soil into an autoclave for sterilization for 60min, and the sterilized fine soil is used as a culture matrix;
step 2, soil is scarified, the soil in the designated area is deeply ploughed and ditched, so that the soil is loosened, the air content in the soil is improved, the air capacity of a plough layer in the soil is controlled to be 12%, so that ciliate desert grass spores can conveniently sprout, if the oxygen content in the soil is lower than 12%, the air content in the soil is insufficient, the adjustment of the soil porosity is changed through measures such as ploughing, harrowing, applying an organic fertilizer and the like, so that the air capacity of the soil is increased, the air capacity of the soil is improved, the water content in the soil is controlled to be 2.5%, if the water content in the soil is lower than an expected value, water can be supplemented in a watering mode, and the water content of the soil in the designated area is enabled to reach 2.5%;
step 3, mixing soil, namely selecting soil with a relatively high-quality surface plough layer from the soil scarified in the step 2 as a soil base of the mixed soil, wherein the soil of the surface plough layer is a thin layer with the thickness of about 18mm, injecting the soil base into a stirring device, injecting the soil recovery agent in the step 1 into the stirring device, fully stirring and mixing for about 110 minutes, and controlling the stirring speed at 38r/min, so that spores are uniformly distributed in the soil to form mixed soil, wherein the spores account for 48% of the volume of the mixed soil space;
step 4, spreading mixed soil, injecting the mixed soil formed in the step 3 into an agricultural sprayer, spraying the mixed soil to a plough layer which is turned over with soil in the designated area through the sprayer, continuously spraying water to the surface of the designated area, and fixing the mixed soil on the surface of the plough layer;
and 5, spraying, namely spreading cultivation soil on the mixed soil spread outside the designated area, wherein the cultivation soil comprises 320 parts of leaf mold soil and 380 parts of garden soil in parts by weight.
Example 4
Step 1, preparing a soil restoration agent, and preparing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 140 parts of ciliate desert-grass spores, 180 parts of matrix soil, 250 parts of gibberellin and 230 parts of GA3 solution with the concentration of 50mg/kg, wherein the ciliate desert-grass spores pass through mature ciliate desert-grass leaves, the leaves of the ciliate desert-grass leaves are taken and crushed, and the ciliate desert-grass spores are propagated and separated by adopting a mature spore propagation method, wherein the preparation method of the matrix soil is to sieve fine soil rich in humus, put the fine soil into an autoclave for sterilization for 60min, and the sterilized fine soil is used as a culture matrix;
2, soil is scarified, the soil in the designated area is deeply ploughed and ditched, so that the soil is guaranteed to be loose, the air content in the soil is improved, the air capacity of a plough layer in the soil is controlled to be 14% so that ciliate desert grass spores can conveniently sprout, if the oxygen content in the soil is lower than 14%, the air content in the soil is insufficient, the adjustment of the porosity of the soil is changed through measures such as ploughing, harrowing, applying organic fertilizer and the like so as to increase the capacity of the soil to accommodate air, the air capacity of the soil is improved, the water content in the soil is controlled to be 3%, if the water content in the soil is lower than an expected value, water can be supplemented in a watering mode, and the water content of the soil in the designated area is enabled to reach 3%;
step 3, mixing soil, namely selecting high-quality soil with a relatively high-quality surface plough layer from the soil scarified in the step 2 as a soil base of the mixed soil, wherein the soil of the surface plough layer is a thin layer with the thickness of about 22mm, injecting the soil base into a stirring device, injecting the soil restoring agent in the step 1 into the stirring device, fully stirring and mixing, the stirring time is about 130 minutes, the stirring speed is controlled at 42r/min, so that spores are mixed in the soil and uniformly distributed to form mixed soil, and the spore accounts for 52% of the volume of the space of the mixed soil;
step 4, spreading mixed soil, injecting the mixed soil formed in the step 3 into an agricultural sprayer, spraying the mixed soil to a plough layer which is turned over with soil in the designated area through the sprayer, continuously spraying water to the surface of the designated area, and fixing the mixed soil on the surface of the plough layer;
and 5, spraying, namely spreading cultivation soil on the mixed soil spread outside the designated area, wherein the cultivation soil comprises 380 parts of leaf mold and 420 parts of garden soil in parts by weight.
Comparative example 1:
the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: when the soil restoration agent is prepared in the step 1, the following raw materials in parts by weight are prepared: 50 parts of ciliate desert-grass spore.
Comparative example 2
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: and in the step 2, when the soil is loosened, the adjustment of the porosity of the soil is changed by measures such as cultivation, harrowing and pressing, application of organic fertilizer and the like, the air capacity of a plough layer in the soil is controlled to be 8%, and the water content in the soil is controlled to be 1.8%.
Through the six groups of embodiments, six kinds of ecological remediation methods for arsenic-contaminated soil can be obtained, and as a result, the ecological remediation degree of the arsenic-contaminated soil in the six groups of embodiments is changed differently, wherein in the ecological remediation method for arsenic-contaminated soil in embodiment 2, the following parameters are obtained in the test process:
from the above data, it can be known that, when the ecological remediation method for arsenic-contaminated soil in embodiment 2 is used to remediate soil in a designated area in a garden, the obtained remediation situation is the best, the ciliate grass germination rate is the highest, the percentage reduction degree of the arsenic element content in the soil is the highest after a year of treatment of pteridophyte, that is, pteridophyte, is the highest, and the oxygen content in the soil is still considerable after the arsenic element is harvested, so that it can be seen that the spore is treated in a pre-germination mode by mixing soil base and spore between sowing, and the spore is subjected to an internal cell differentiation process in the mixed soil.
And finally: the above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that are within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An ecological restoration method for arsenic-polluted soil is characterized by comprising the following concrete restoration steps:
step 1, preparing a soil restoration agent, and preparing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-150 parts of ciliate desert-grass spore, 150-200 parts of matrix soil, 15-30 parts of gibberellin and 200-240 parts of GA3 solution with the concentration of 50 mg/kg;
step 2, soil scarification, namely deeply ploughing and ditching the soil in the designated area so as to ensure the soil to be loose, improve the air content in the soil and control the water content in the soil to be 2% -3.5%;
step 3, mixing the soil, namely selecting the soil with a high-quality surface plough layer from the soil scarified in the step 2 as a soil base of the mixed soil, injecting the soil base into a stirring device, injecting the soil recovery agent in the step 1 into the stirring device, and fully stirring and mixing to form mixed soil;
step 4, spreading mixed soil, injecting the mixed soil formed in the step 3 into an agricultural sprayer, spraying the mixed soil to a plough layer which is turned over with soil in the designated area through the sprayer, continuously spraying water to the surface of the designated area, and fixing the mixed soil on the surface of the plough layer;
and 5, spraying, namely spreading cultivation soil on the mixed soil spread outside the designated area, wherein the cultivation soil comprises 300-400 parts of leaf mold and 350-450 parts of garden soil in parts by weight.
2. The ecological restoration method for arsenic-contaminated soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: the preparation method of the matrix soil in the step 1 comprises the steps of sieving the fine soil rich in humus, placing the fine soil into an autoclave for sterilization for 60min, and using the sterilized fine soil as a culture matrix.
3. The ecological remediation method for arsenic-contaminated soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: if the oxygen content in the soil is lower than 10% in the step 2, the air content in the soil is insufficient, and the adjustment of the porosity of the soil is changed through measures such as cultivation, harrowing, application of organic fertilizer and the like, so that the air accommodation of the soil is increased, and the air capacity of the soil is improved.
4. The ecological restoration method for arsenic-contaminated soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the step 2, if the water content in the soil is lower than an expected value, water can be supplemented in a watering mode, so that the water content of the soil in the designated area reaches 2% -3.5%.
5. The ecological restoration method for arsenic-contaminated soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: and 3, when the high-quality soil on the surface is selected in the step 3, taking the soil with a thinner layer of surface plough layer, wherein the thickness is about 15-25mm.
6. The ecological restoration method for arsenic-contaminated soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: and 3, when the soil is mixed in the stirring device in the step 3, the stirring time is about 100-140 minutes, and the stirring speed is controlled at 35-45r/min, so that the spores are mixed in the soil and are uniformly distributed.
7. The ecological restoration method for arsenic-contaminated soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the step 3, the spore in the mixed soil accounts for 45-55% of the volume of the space of the mixed soil.
8. The ecological restoration method for arsenic contaminated soil according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the soil restoration agent comprises 100-150 parts of ciliate desert-grass spores, 150-200 parts of matrix soil, 15-30 parts of gibberellin, and 200-240 parts of GA3 solution.
9. The soil amendment according to claim 8, wherein: the concentration of the GA3 solution was 50mg/kg.
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