CN115837456B - Thin-wall rotary part casting device and method based on aluminum alloy material - Google Patents
Thin-wall rotary part casting device and method based on aluminum alloy material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy casting, and particularly relates to a thin-wall rotary body part casting device and method based on an aluminum alloy material. The invention adopts a process of combining sand mould and chill with antigravity low-pressure casting, and realizes stable casting, sequential solidification by arranging an external pouring gate, a gap pouring gate and other means; in the casting system, chilling blocks and the like are arranged at a plurality of positions, so that sequential solidification of positions such as thick walls, bosses, inner edge rings and the like is realized, and the casting requirement of multi-cabin shell part products is met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy casting, and particularly relates to a thin-wall rotary part casting device and method based on an aluminum alloy material.
Background
Currently, the aerospace industry in China enters a high-speed development period, the application range of the aerospace technology is wider and wider, the market demand is in a high-speed growth trend, and the urgent demands of the current aerospace industry are rapid low-cost emission, long-term on-orbit flight, outstanding maneuverability, high effective load and the like. In order to meet the demand, the aerospace product part materials need to be developed in the directions of high strength and low density, the structures need to be developed in the directions of integration and thinning, and the processing modes need to be developed in the directions of high efficiency, low cost, energy conservation and environmental protection. The flexible tooling system design is developed aiming at the aerospace thin-wall complex structural member, particularly the thin-wall revolution body type part, and the clamping force is reasonably determined by scientifically distributing the clamping positions, so that a stable tooling system can be provided for realizing high-efficiency and precise processing of the aerospace precise complex structural member.
The existing multi-cabin shell part product, as shown in fig. 10 and 11, has the following characteristics: a) The product is a thin-wall rotary casting, the wall thickness is 5mm, the diameter phi 752, the length 640mm, and the roundness deviation after casting is within 0.3 mm; b) The casting inner cavity has a complex structure, more bosses, inclined planes and annular bands are distributed, and the wall thickness difference value is changed greatly; c) Round holes are distributed on the outer circle surface of the casting. The technical requirements are as follows: a) All the castings are grade I castings, the standard specification of QJ169A is met, solid solution aging heat treatment (T5 state) is carried out after casting molding, the tensile strength sigma b of the material is more than or equal to 330MPa, the yield strength sigma 0.2 is more than or equal to 260MPa, and the elongation delta 5 is more than or equal to 6%; b) The inner cavity of the shell is ensured by casting and forming, and the subsequent machining is not performed any more; the roundness of the wall thickness surface of the inner cavity of the shell and the straightness of the bus are ensured preferentially; c) All non-machined surfaces are polished and sandblasted to ensure the surface roughness. The inside of the casting is subjected to 100% of radiographic inspection, the casting is controlled according to the I-class casting standard, the internal quality reaches the I-class standard in the ASTME155 standard requirement, and the surface of the casting is subjected to 100% of fluorescent inspection, so that defects such as air holes, sand holes, cracks and the like are not allowed to appear
The traditional casting device for the thin-wall rotary parts is only suitable for thin-wall rotary parts with smooth inner cavity walls and smaller diameters, and cannot meet the casting requirement of preparing the multi-cabin shell part products with the multi-layer inner edge ring and the convex pipes.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art and provide a thin-wall rotary part casting device and method based on an aluminum alloy material.
In order to achieve the technical purpose and the technical effect, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a thin-wall rotary part casting device based on an aluminum alloy material, which comprises a bottom external pouring gate seat, a pressure-bearing base, side external pouring gate seats, a sand core piece, a chill solidification assembly and a cover plate seat, wherein the pressure-bearing base is arranged at the upper end of the bottom external pouring gate seat, side external pouring gate seats which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction are arranged between the pressure-bearing base and the cover plate seat, all the side external pouring gate seats are spliced together to form an annular pouring gate seat sleeved outside the sand core piece, and the chill solidification assembly matched with the shape of a multi-type cabin shell part product is arranged between the annular pouring gate seat and the sand core piece.
Further, in the thin-walled solid of revolution part casting device described above, it is characterized in that: the multi-cabin shell part product comprises a thin-wall barrel, wherein an upper edge ring with a convex block, a middle edge ring with a convex pipe and lower edge rings uniformly distributed with grooves are arranged on the inner cavity wall of the thin-wall barrel, a first vertical rib is arranged between the upper side of the convex pipe and the lower side of the upper edge ring, a second vertical rib is arranged between the lower side of the convex pipe and the upper side of the lower edge ring, a plurality of third vertical ribs are arranged on the inner cavity wall of the thin-wall barrel, and two ends of each third vertical rib are respectively connected with the upper edge ring and the lower edge ring; four convex pipes are uniformly arranged on the middle edge ring along the circumferential direction, and round holes are formed in the outer surface of the thin-wall cylinder body at the outer end of each convex pipe.
Further, in the casting device for the thin-wall rotary part, the sand core piece comprises a sand mold seat, an upper edge ring forming groove with a convex block forming groove, a middle edge ring forming groove with a convex pipe forming groove and a lower edge ring forming groove with a groove forming block are arranged on the outer side of the sand mold seat, a cylindrical forming block is arranged at the center of the convex pipe forming groove, a first vertical rib forming groove is arranged above the convex pipe forming groove on the outer side of the sand mold seat, a second vertical rib forming groove is arranged below the convex pipe forming groove, and a plurality of third vertical rib forming grooves are arranged on the outer side of the sand mold seat; the inside of sand mould seat has seted up the lightening hole, radial support column is installed to the inner wall in lightening hole.
Further, in the casting device for the thin-wall rotary part, the sand mold seat is of a segmented structure and is formed by clamping an upper sand mold seat and a lower sand mold seat, an upper radial support column is arranged on the inner wall of the weight reducing hole of the upper sand mold seat, and a lower radial support column is arranged on the inner wall of the weight reducing hole of the lower sand mold seat; the middle edge ring forming groove is located in a clamping area where the upper sand mold seat and the lower sand mold seat are mutually clamped, and a plurality of exhaust pipes communicated with the middle edge ring forming groove are embedded in the upper sand mold seat.
Further, in the thin-wall rotary part casting device, the chill solidification assembly comprises an upper layer chill solidification block, an intermediate layer chill solidification block, a lower layer chill solidification block and a convex pipe chill solidification block, wherein the upper layer chill solidification block is uniformly arranged at the position of an upper edge ring forming groove along the circumferential direction, the upper layer chill solidification block close to the position of the convex pipe forming groove is replaced by the upper layer chill solidification block, the intermediate layer chill solidification block is positioned at the position close to the convex pipe forming groove and is provided with an avoidance notch, and the convex pipe chill solidification block is arranged at the inner end of the convex pipe forming groove.
Further, in the thin-wall rotary part casting device, the bottom external pouring gate seat comprises a first seat body, an inlet pouring gate groove is formed in the center of the first seat body, an annular pouring gate groove is formed in the periphery of the inlet pouring gate groove of the first seat body, and the annular pouring gate groove and the inlet pouring gate groove are mutually communicated through a cross pouring gate groove.
Further, in the thin-wall rotary part casting device, the pressure-bearing base comprises a second base body, a plurality of diversion holes which are connected with the annular pouring channel are formed in the second base body along the circumferential direction, and a lower-layer chill solidification block mounting groove matched with a lower-layer chill solidification block and a sand mould base mounting groove matched with a sand mould base are formed in the upper side of the second base body.
Further, in the casting device for the thin-wall rotary part, the side external pouring gate seat comprises a third seat body, a plurality of open direct pouring grooves corresponding to the diversion holes one by one are formed in the third seat body close to the inner wall along the circumferential direction, convex pipe forming grooves are formed in the middle of the open direct pouring grooves in the middle position, and a plurality of middle-layer chill solidification block mounting grooves convenient for mounting middle-layer chill solidification blocks are formed in the inner wall of the third seat body.
Further, in the casting device for the thin-wall rotary part, the cover plate seat comprises a fourth seat body, and a plurality of exhaust holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the positions of the open direct casting grooves are formed in the lower side of the fourth seat body along the circumferential direction; the bottom external pouring gate seat, the pressure-bearing base and the cover plate seat are all split splicing structures convenient for die opening.
Further, in the thin-wall rotary part casting device, the upper side of the first seat body is provided with a first vertical positioning hole, the upper side and the lower side of the second seat body are respectively provided with a second vertical positioning hole, the upper side and the lower side of the third seat body are respectively provided with a third vertical positioning hole, the lower side of the fourth seat body is provided with a fourth vertical positioning hole, and a vertical positioning block is arranged between the two vertical positioning holes corresponding to the positions; and a plurality of rows of horizontal positioning holes are formed in the side end face of the third seat body along the length direction, and a horizontal positioning block is arranged between two adjacent horizontal positioning holes of the third seat body.
The invention also provides a casting method of the thin-wall rotary body part based on the aluminum alloy material, which is realized by the device, and the method comprises the following steps:
1) After the thin-wall rotary part casting device is assembled, the ZL114A aluminum alloy melt is guided into a casting forming area through an inlet runner groove, a cross runner groove, an annular runner groove, a diversion hole and an open direct runner groove in sequence based on the antigravity casting technology, and a multi-cabin shell part product casting is obtained after cooling, mold opening and surface treatment;
2) The multi-cabin shell part product casting is processed as follows:
a. solution treatment: placing the multi-cabin shell part product casting in a solution furnace, uniformly heating to 530-540 ℃ within 1-3 h, then preserving heat for 10-14 h, and carrying out solution treatment;
b. quenching: carrying out water cooling quenching on the multi-cabin shell part product casting after solid solution, wherein the quenching time is 10-20 min;
c. and (3) performing primary aging treatment: heating the quenched multi-cabin shell part product casting to 118-122 ℃ at a constant speed within 0.2-0.5 h, and performing primary aging treatment at the temperature for 2.5-3.5 h; after the first time-efficiency treatment is finished, air cooling to room temperature;
d. and (3) performing secondary aging treatment: uniformly heating the casting of the multi-cabin shell part product after air cooling to 158-162 ℃ within 0.4-0.8 h, and performing secondary aging treatment at the temperature for 4-5 h; and after the second aging treatment is finished, air cooling to room temperature.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention has reasonable structural design, adopts a process of 'sand mold and chill' matched with antigravity low-pressure casting, and realizes stable casting, sequential solidification by means of arranging an external runner, a gap runner and the like; in the casting system, chiller and the like are arranged at a plurality of positions, so that sequential solidification of positions such as thick walls, bosses, inner edge rings and the like is realized, and the casting requirement of multi-layer cabin shell part products with multi-layer inner edge rings and a plurality of convex pipes is met.
Of course, it is not necessary for any one product to practice the invention to achieve all of the advantages set forth above at the same time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the bottom external runner seat of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the pressure-bearing base of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an angle of the external side runner base of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of another angle of the externally-positioned side gate seat of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a cover plate base according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of the construction of a sand core piece of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration in half cross-section of a sand core piece of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a second semi-sectional configuration of a sand core piece of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the construction of the multi-compartment housing component product of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration of a semi-sectional structure of a multi-compartment housing component product of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the device of the present invention with parts omitted;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing an internal filling state when casting is performed in the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the structure of each runner at an angle in the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of another angle of each runner in the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of the composition of the set of iron condensate in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a schematic view of an assembly of a set of the present invention with an externally positioned runner base;
FIG. 18 is a schematic illustration of a filling flow when casting the apparatus of the present invention;
in the drawings, the reference numerals of the components are as follows:
1-a bottom external pouring gate seat, 101-a first seat body, 102-an inlet pouring gate groove, 103-a cross pouring gate groove, 104-an annular pouring gate groove, 105-a first vertical positioning hole, 2-a pressure-bearing seat, 201-a second seat body, 202-a diversion hole, 203-a sand mold seat mounting groove, 204-a lower layer chill solidification block mounting groove, 205-a second vertical positioning hole, 3-a side external pouring gate seat, 301-a third seat body, 302-an opening straight pouring groove, 303-an intermediate layer chill solidification block mounting groove, 304-a convex tube forming groove, 305-a third vertical positioning hole, 306-a horizontal positioning hole, 307-a weight reducing groove, 4-a cover plate seat, 401-a fourth seat body, 402-an exhaust hole, 403-a fourth vertical positioning hole, a 5-sand mold core piece, 501-a sand mold seat, 501 a-an upper sand mold seat, 501 b-a lower sand mold seat, 502-an upper edge ring forming groove, 503-a middle edge ring forming groove, 504-a lower edge ring forming groove, 505-a bump forming groove, 506-a convex pipe forming groove, 507-a first vertical rib forming groove, 508-a second vertical rib forming groove, 509-a third vertical rib forming groove, 510-a lightening hole, 511-a radial support column, 511 a-an upper radial support column, 511 b-a lower radial support column, 6-a cold iron solidification assembly, 601-an upper cold iron solidification block, 602-an upper cold iron solidification bump, 603-a middle layer cold iron solidification block, 604-a lower cold iron solidification block, 605-a dodging notch, 606-a convex pipe cold iron solidification block, 7-a multi-type cabin shell part product, 701-a thin-wall cylinder, 702-an upper edge ring, 703-a middle edge ring, 704-a lower edge ring, 705-a convex block, 706-a convex pipe, 707-a first vertical rib, 708-a second vertical rib, 709-a third vertical rib, 710-a round hole, 8-a vertical positioning block, 9-a horizontal positioning block, 10-an exhaust pipe, 11-a first casting body, 12-a second casting body, 13-a third casting body and 14-a fourth casting body.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 12, the present embodiment provides a thin-walled solid of revolution part casting device based on an aluminum alloy material, which comprises a bottom external pouring gate seat 1, a pressure-bearing base 2, a side external pouring gate seat 3, a sand core piece 5, a chill solidification assembly 6 and a cover plate seat 4. The upper end of the bottom external pouring gate seat 1 is provided with a pressure-bearing base 2, and a lateral external pouring gate seat 3 which is uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction is arranged between the pressure-bearing base 2 and the cover plate seat 4. All the lateral external pouring gate seats 3 are spliced together to form an annular pouring gate seat sleeved outside the sand core piece 5, and a chill solidification assembly 6 matched with the multi-type cabin shell part product 7 in shape is installed between the annular pouring gate seat and the sand core piece 5.
As shown in fig. 10 and 11, the multi-cabin shell component 7 comprises a thin-walled cylinder 701, wherein the inner cavity wall of the thin-walled cylinder 701 is provided with an upper edge ring 702 with a convex block 705, a middle edge ring 703 with a convex pipe 706 and a lower edge ring 704 with grooves uniformly distributed. The inner cavity wall of the thin-wall cylinder 701 is provided with a first vertical rib 707 between the upper side of the convex pipe 706 and the lower side of the upper edge ring 702, and a second vertical rib 708 between the lower side of the convex pipe 706 and the upper side of the lower edge ring 704. The inner cavity wall of the thin-wall cylinder 701 is provided with a plurality of third vertical ribs 709, and two ends of the third vertical ribs 709 are respectively connected with the upper edge ring 702 and the lower edge ring 704; four convex pipes 706 are uniformly arranged on the middle edge ring 703 along the circumferential direction, and round holes 710 are formed on the outer surface of the thin-wall cylinder 701 at the outer end of each convex pipe 706.
As shown in fig. 7 to 9, the sand core member 5 includes a sand mold seat 501, and an upper edge ring molding groove 502 with a projection molding groove 505, a middle edge ring molding groove 503 with a convex pipe molding groove 506, and a lower edge ring molding groove 504 with a concave molding block are provided on the outer side of the sand mold seat 501. The center department of protruding pipe shaping groove 506 is equipped with cylindricality shaping piece, and the outside of sand mould seat 501 is located the top of protruding pipe shaping groove 506 and is equipped with first perpendicular muscle shaping groove 507, and the below that is located protruding pipe shaping groove 506 is equipped with second perpendicular muscle shaping groove 508, and the outside of sand mould seat 501 is equipped with a plurality of third perpendicular muscle shaping grooves 509. The inside of the sand mould seat 501 is provided with a lightening hole 510, and the inner wall of the lightening hole 510 is provided with a radial support column 511. The sand mold seat 501 is a sectional structure convenient for mold opening, and is formed by clamping an upper sand mold seat 501a and a lower sand mold seat 501b, wherein an upper radial support column 511a is installed on the inner wall of the upper sand mold seat 501a located in the lightening hole 510, and a lower radial support column 511b is installed on the inner wall of the lower sand mold seat 501b located in the lightening hole 510. The middle edge ring forming groove 503 is located in a clamping area where the upper sand mold seat 501a and the lower sand mold seat 501b are mutually clamped, and a plurality of exhaust pipes 10 communicated with the middle edge ring forming groove 503 are embedded and installed in the upper sand mold seat 501 a.
As shown in fig. 14 to 17, the chiller solidification assembly 6 includes an upper layer chiller solidification block 601, an intermediate layer chiller solidification block 603, a lower layer chiller solidification block 604, and a convex pipe chiller solidification block 606, the upper layer chiller solidification block 601 is in annular distribution, the intermediate layer chiller solidification block 603 is in cylindrical distribution, a gap runner is formed between adjacent intermediate layer chiller solidification blocks 603, and the lower layer chiller solidification block 604 is in annular distribution. The upper layer chill solidification blocks 601 are uniformly arranged at the position of the upper edge ring forming groove 502 along the circumferential direction, the upper layer chill solidification blocks 601 close to the position of the bump forming groove 502 are replaced by the upper layer chill solidification bumps 602, the middle layer chill solidification blocks 603 are positioned close to the position of the convex tube forming groove 506 and provided with avoidance notches 605, and the convex tube chill solidification blocks 606 are arranged at the inner end of the convex tube forming groove 506.
As shown in fig. 2, the bottom external pouring gate seat 1 comprises a first seat body 101, an inlet pouring gate groove 102 is formed in the center of the first seat body 101, an annular pouring gate groove 104 is formed in the periphery of the first seat body 101, which is located in the inlet pouring gate groove 102, and the annular pouring gate groove 104 and the inlet pouring gate groove 102 are mutually communicated through a cross pouring gate groove 103.
As shown in fig. 3, the pressure-bearing base 2 includes a second base 201, a plurality of diversion holes 202 connected with the annular runner slot 104 are formed in the second base 201 along the circumferential direction, and a lower-layer chill solidification block mounting groove 204 matched with a lower-layer chill solidification block 604 and a sand mold base mounting groove 203 matched with the sand mold base 501 are formed in the upper side of the second base 201.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the external side runner seat 3 includes a third seat 301, a plurality of open straight pouring slots 302 corresponding to the positions of the diversion holes 202 one by one are formed in the third seat 301 near the inner wall along the circumferential direction, and a convex tube forming slot 304 is formed in the middle of the open straight pouring slot 302 located in the middle position. The inner wall of the third housing 301 is provided with a plurality of intermediate layer chill setting block mounting grooves 303 for facilitating the mounting of the intermediate layer chill setting block 603.
As shown in fig. 6, the cover plate seat 4 includes a fourth seat 401, and a plurality of exhaust holes 402 corresponding to the positions of the open straight pouring slots 302 one by one are formed in the lower side of the fourth seat 401 along the circumferential direction.
The bottom external pouring gate seat 1, the pressure-bearing base 2 and the cover plate seat 4 are all split splicing structures convenient for die opening. The upper side of the first seat body 101 is provided with a first vertical positioning hole 105, the upper side and the lower side of the second seat body 201 are respectively provided with a second vertical positioning hole 205, the upper side and the lower side of the third seat body 301 are respectively provided with a third vertical positioning hole 305, and the lower side of the fourth seat body 401 is provided with a fourth vertical positioning hole 403. As shown in fig. 8, a vertical positioning block 8 is arranged between two vertical positioning holes corresponding to the positions; a plurality of rows of horizontal positioning holes 306 are formed in the side end face of the third seat 301 along the length direction, and a horizontal positioning block 9 is arranged between two opposite horizontal positioning holes of two adjacent third seats. A plurality of weight-reducing grooves 307 are formed on the outer side of the third seat 301.
One specific application of this embodiment is: the embodiment has reasonable structural design, adopts a process of 'sand mold and chill' matched with antigravity low-pressure casting, and realizes stable casting, sequential solidification by arranging external pouring gate, gap pouring gate and other means; in the casting system, chiller and the like are arranged at a plurality of positions, so that sequential solidification of positions such as thick walls, bosses, inner edge rings and the like is realized, and the casting requirement of multi-layer cabin shell part products with multi-layer inner edge rings and a plurality of convex pipes is met.
Example two
The embodiment provides a casting method of a thin-wall rotary part based on an aluminum alloy material, which comprises the following steps:
1) After the thin-wall rotary part casting device provided in the embodiment 1 is assembled, based on the antigravity casting technology, ZL114A aluminum alloy melt is guided into a casting forming area through an inlet runner groove 102, a cross runner groove 103, an annular runner groove 104, a diversion hole 202 and an open direct runner groove 302 in sequence, and after cooling, mold opening and surface treatment, a multi-cabin shell part product casting 7 is obtained;
the inlet runner slot 102 is formed with a first runner 11, the cross runner slot 103 is formed with a second runner 12, the annular runner slot 104 is formed with a third runner 13, the diversion hole 202 and the open straight runner 302 are jointly formed with a fourth runner 14, and the structures of the runners are shown in fig. 13 to 15. During the casting process, the fourth runner 14 and the multi-type pod housing part product casting 7 are synchronously formed, specifically, gradually formed from bottom to top, as shown in fig. 18.
2) The multi-cabin shell part product casting is processed as follows:
a. solution treatment: placing the multi-cabin shell part product casting in a solution furnace, heating to 535 ℃ at a constant speed within 2 hours, and then preserving heat for 12 hours to carry out solution treatment;
b. quenching: carrying out water cooling quenching on the multi-cabin shell part product casting after solid solution, wherein the quenching time is 15min;
c. and (3) performing primary aging treatment: heating the quenched multi-cabin shell part product casting to 120 ℃ at a constant speed within 0.3h, and performing primary aging treatment at the temperature for 3h; after the first time-efficiency treatment is finished, air cooling to room temperature;
d. and (3) performing secondary aging treatment: uniformly heating the casting of the multi-cabin shell part product after air cooling to 160 ℃ within 0.6h, and performing secondary aging treatment at the temperature for 4.5h; and after the second aging treatment is finished, air cooling to room temperature.
Example III
The embodiment provides a casting method of a thin-wall rotary part based on an aluminum alloy material, which comprises the following steps:
1) After the thin-wall rotary part casting device provided in the embodiment 1 is assembled, based on the antigravity casting technology, ZL114A aluminum alloy melt is guided into a casting forming area through an inlet runner groove 102, a cross runner groove 103, an annular runner groove 104, a diversion hole 202 and an open direct runner groove 302 in sequence, and after cooling, mold opening and surface treatment, a multi-cabin shell part product casting 7 is obtained;
the inlet runner slot 102 is formed with a first runner 11, the cross runner slot 103 is formed with a second runner 12, the annular runner slot 104 is formed with a third runner 13, the diversion hole 202 and the open straight runner 302 are jointly formed with a fourth runner 14, and the structures of the runners are shown in fig. 13 to 15. During the casting process, the fourth runner 14 and the multi-type pod housing part product casting 7 are synchronously formed, specifically, gradually formed from bottom to top, as shown in fig. 18.
2) The multi-cabin shell part product casting is processed as follows:
a. solution treatment: placing the multi-cabin shell part product casting in a solution furnace, heating to 530 ℃ at a constant speed within 1h, and then preserving heat for 14h to carry out solution treatment;
b. quenching: carrying out water cooling quenching on the multi-cabin shell part product casting after solid solution, wherein the quenching time is 10min;
c. and (3) performing primary aging treatment: heating the quenched multi-cabin shell part product casting to 122 ℃ at a constant speed within 0.2h, and performing primary aging treatment at the temperature for 2.5h; after the first time-efficiency treatment is finished, air cooling to room temperature;
d. and (3) performing secondary aging treatment: uniformly heating the casting of the multi-cabin shell part product after air cooling to 162 ℃ within 0.4h, and performing secondary aging treatment at the temperature for 4h; and after the second aging treatment is finished, air cooling to room temperature.
Example IV
The embodiment provides a casting method of a thin-wall rotary part based on an aluminum alloy material, which comprises the following steps:
1) After the thin-wall rotary part casting device provided in the embodiment 1 is assembled, based on the antigravity casting technology, ZL114A aluminum alloy melt is guided into a casting forming area through an inlet runner groove 102, a cross runner groove 103, an annular runner groove 104, a diversion hole 202 and an open direct runner groove 302 in sequence, and after cooling, mold opening and surface treatment, a multi-cabin shell part product casting 7 is obtained;
the inlet runner slot 102 is formed with a first runner 11, the cross runner slot 103 is formed with a second runner 12, the annular runner slot 104 is formed with a third runner 13, the diversion hole 202 and the open straight runner 302 are jointly formed with a fourth runner 14, and the structures of the runners are shown in fig. 13 to 15. During the casting process, the fourth runner 14 and the multi-type pod housing part product casting 7 are synchronously formed, specifically, gradually formed from bottom to top, as shown in fig. 18.
2) The multi-cabin shell part product casting is processed as follows:
a. solution treatment: placing the multi-cabin shell part product casting in a solution furnace, uniformly heating to 540 ℃ within 3 hours, then preserving heat for 10 hours, and carrying out solution treatment;
b. quenching: carrying out water cooling quenching on the multi-cabin shell part product casting after solid solution, wherein the quenching time is 20min;
c. and (3) performing primary aging treatment: heating the quenched multi-cabin shell part product casting to 118 ℃ at a constant speed within 0.5h, and performing primary aging treatment at the temperature for 3.5h; after the first time-efficiency treatment is finished, air cooling to room temperature;
d. and (3) performing secondary aging treatment: uniformly heating the casting of the multi-cabin shell part product after air cooling to 158 ℃ within 0.8h, and performing secondary aging treatment at the temperature for 5h; and after the second aging treatment is finished, air cooling to room temperature.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended only to assist in the explanation of the invention. The preferred embodiments are not exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and the full scope and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. The casting device for the thin-wall rotary part based on the aluminum alloy material is characterized by comprising a bottom external pouring gate seat, a pressure-bearing base, side external pouring gate seats, a sand core piece, a chill solidification assembly and a cover plate seat, wherein the pressure-bearing base is arranged at the upper end of the bottom external pouring gate seat, side external pouring gate seats which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction are arranged between the pressure-bearing base and the cover plate seat, all the side external pouring gate seats are spliced together to form an annular pouring gate seat sleeved outside the sand core piece, and the chill solidification assembly matched with the shape of a multi-cabin shell part product is arranged between the annular pouring gate seat and the sand core piece;
the multi-cabin shell part product comprises a thin-wall barrel, wherein an upper edge ring with a convex block, a middle edge ring with a convex pipe and lower edge rings uniformly distributed with grooves are arranged on the inner cavity wall of the thin-wall barrel, a first vertical rib is arranged between the upper side of the convex pipe and the lower side of the upper edge ring, a second vertical rib is arranged between the lower side of the convex pipe and the upper side of the lower edge ring, a plurality of third vertical ribs are arranged on the inner cavity wall of the thin-wall barrel, and two ends of each third vertical rib are respectively connected with the upper edge ring and the lower edge ring; four convex pipes are uniformly arranged on the middle edge ring along the circumferential direction, and round holes are formed in the outer end of each convex pipe on the outer surface of the thin-wall cylinder;
the sand core piece comprises a sand mold seat, an upper edge ring forming groove with a convex block forming groove, a middle edge ring forming groove with a convex pipe forming groove and a lower edge ring forming groove with a groove forming block are arranged on the outer side of the sand mold seat, a cylindrical forming block is arranged at the center of the convex pipe forming groove, a first vertical rib forming groove is arranged above the convex pipe forming groove on the outer side of the sand mold seat, a second vertical rib forming groove is arranged below the convex pipe forming groove, and a plurality of third vertical rib forming grooves are arranged on the outer side of the sand mold seat; the inner wall of the lightening hole is provided with a radial support column;
the sand mould seat is of a segmented structure and is formed by clamping an upper sand mould seat and a lower sand mould seat, an upper radial support column is arranged on the inner wall of the weight reducing hole of the upper sand mould seat, and a lower radial support column is arranged on the inner wall of the weight reducing hole of the lower sand mould seat; the middle edge ring forming groove is positioned in a clamping area where the upper sand mold seat and the lower sand mold seat are mutually clamped, and a plurality of exhaust pipes communicated with the middle edge ring forming groove are embedded and installed in the upper sand mold seat;
the cold iron solidification assembly comprises an upper-layer cold iron solidification block, an intermediate-layer cold iron solidification block, a lower-layer cold iron solidification block and a convex pipe cold iron solidification block, wherein the upper-layer cold iron solidification block is uniformly arranged at an upper edge ring forming groove along the circumferential direction, the upper-layer cold iron solidification block close to the bump forming groove is replaced by an upper-layer cold iron solidification bump, the intermediate-layer cold iron solidification block is positioned at a position close to the convex pipe forming groove and is provided with an avoidance notch, and the convex pipe cold iron solidification block is arranged at the inner end of the convex pipe forming groove.
2. The aluminum alloy material-based thin-wall rotary part casting device according to claim 1, wherein: the external base of watering of bottom includes first pedestal, the import is watered the groove in the center department of first pedestal, the first pedestal is located the periphery of import and has been offered the annular and watered the groove in the groove, the annular is watered between groove and the import and is watered the groove and communicate each other through the cross and watered the groove.
3. The aluminum alloy material-based thin-wall rotary part casting device according to claim 2, wherein: the pressure-bearing base comprises a second base body, a plurality of diversion holes which are connected with the annular pouring channel in a universal mode are formed in the second base body along the circumferential direction, and a lower-layer chill solidification block mounting groove matched with a lower-layer chill solidification block and a sand mould base mounting groove matched with a sand mould base are formed in the upper side of the second base body.
4. The aluminum alloy material-based thin-wall rotary part casting device according to claim 3, wherein: the external seat of watering of lateral part includes the third pedestal, the third pedestal is close to the inner wall and has offered a plurality of opening direct casting groove with water conservancy diversion hole site one-to-one along circumference, is located the intermediate position the middle part in opening direct casting groove is equipped with protruding pipe shaping groove, a plurality of intermediate level chill setting block mounting grooves that are convenient for install intermediate level chill setting block have been seted up to the inner wall of the third pedestal.
5. The aluminum alloy material-based thin-wall rotary part casting device according to claim 4, wherein: the cover plate seat comprises a fourth seat body, and a plurality of exhaust holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the positions of the open direct pouring grooves are formed in the lower side of the fourth seat body along the circumferential direction; the bottom external pouring gate seat, the pressure-bearing base and the cover plate seat are all split splicing structures convenient for die opening.
6. The aluminum alloy material-based thin-wall rotary part casting device according to claim 5, wherein: the upper side of the first seat body is provided with a first vertical positioning hole, the upper side and the lower side of the second seat body are respectively provided with a second vertical positioning hole, the upper side and the lower side of the third seat body are respectively provided with a third vertical positioning hole, the lower side of the fourth seat body is provided with a fourth vertical positioning hole, and a vertical positioning block is arranged between the two vertical positioning holes corresponding to the positions; and a plurality of rows of horizontal positioning holes are formed in the side end face of the third seat body along the length direction, and a horizontal positioning block is arranged between two adjacent horizontal positioning holes of the third seat body.
7. The casting method of the thin-wall rotary part based on the aluminum alloy material is realized by using the device as claimed in claims 1-6, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) After the thin-wall rotary part casting device is assembled, the ZL114A aluminum alloy melt is guided into a casting forming area through an inlet runner groove, a cross runner groove, an annular runner groove, a diversion hole and an open direct runner groove in sequence based on the antigravity casting technology, and a multi-cabin shell part product casting is obtained after cooling, mold opening and surface treatment;
2) The multi-cabin shell part product casting is processed as follows:
a. solution treatment: placing the multi-cabin shell part product casting in a solution furnace, uniformly heating to 530-540 ℃ within 1-3 h, then preserving heat for 10-14 h, and carrying out solution treatment;
b. quenching: carrying out water cooling quenching on the multi-cabin shell part product casting after solid solution, wherein the quenching time is 10-20 min;
c. and (3) performing primary aging treatment: heating the quenched multi-cabin shell part product casting to 118-122 ℃ at a constant speed within 0.2-0.5 h, and performing primary aging treatment at the temperature for 2.5-3.5 h; after the first time-efficiency treatment is finished, air cooling to room temperature;
d. and (3) performing secondary aging treatment: uniformly heating the casting of the multi-cabin shell part product after air cooling to 158-162 ℃ within 0.4-0.8 h, and performing secondary aging treatment at the temperature for 4-5 h; and after the second aging treatment is finished, air cooling to room temperature.
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