CN115837442A - Opposite wheel active strong spin rolling type incremental forming process for ultra-large diameter thin-wall revolving body - Google Patents
Opposite wheel active strong spin rolling type incremental forming process for ultra-large diameter thin-wall revolving body Download PDFInfo
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- CN115837442A CN115837442A CN202211585948.9A CN202211585948A CN115837442A CN 115837442 A CN115837442 A CN 115837442A CN 202211585948 A CN202211585948 A CN 202211585948A CN 115837442 A CN115837442 A CN 115837442A
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Abstract
A pair wheel active powerful spin-rolling type incremental forming process of an oversized-diameter thin-wall revolving body is characterized in that spin-rolling wheels are symmetrically and uniformly distributed along the circumference of a cylindrical part blank in the pair wheel spin-rolling mode, the inner surface and the outer surface of the cylindrical part blank are machined at the same time, and thinning machining of the cylindrical part blank is completed through downward movement of each circle of working range; in the process of spin rolling of the wheel, the blank of the cylindrical part is thinned and hardened, the performance is improved, and drum-shaped folds caused by axial compressive stress brought by axial feeding in the process of spin rolling do not exist; the method can be used for cylindrical part blanks with different sizes, different core moulds are not required to be prepared, the processing flexibility is high, and the cost is low; the formed piece has the advantages of high surface quality, good material performance and high utilization rate of near-net forming material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of processing of ultra-large diameter thin-wall revolving body parts made of metal materials through plastic forming, and particularly relates to a coupling wheel active strong spin-rolling type incremental forming process of an ultra-large diameter thin-wall revolving body.
Background
The thin-wall revolving body part with the super-large diameter (the diameter of several meters or even more than ten meters) is widely applied to an airplane cylinder body, a pressure vessel shell, a submarine revolving shell, a fuel storage tank in a space rocket engine, an engine shell and the like, and the thin-wall cylindrical part is often required to have the characteristics of high strength, low weight and the like under complex use conditions.
The common production method at present is that the plate is used as raw material, the plate is made by traditional technique in blocks, and then welding is carried out; or the plate is rolled and rounded by adopting a plate material, and the joints are connected by stirring welding or other welding methods, so that longitudinal welding seams exist in the welding process, or one or more circumferential welding seams exist. Due to the defects of different degrees at the welding seam, the part has larger weight, poor bearing capacity and low production efficiency, and the size precision and the surface quality of the workpiece are seriously influenced by local thermal deformation caused by welding. When the traditional powerful spinning method with the core mold is used for processing the ultra-large-diameter thin-wall cylindrical part, a larger core mold needs to be manufactured, meanwhile, in the process that the core mold drives the cylindrical part to rotate, the required torque is larger, and the manufacturing and designing difficulty of related equipment is larger, so that the process has certain limitation and is difficult to meet engineering requirements. The three modes of sheet metal tailor welding, sheet metal roll welding and cored mold powerful spinning are limited by process characteristics or equipment scale, so that the method is not suitable for manufacturing ultra-large-diameter thin-wall revolving parts with high efficiency, high performance and low cost.
At present, the method is widely applied to the simple opposite-wheel powerful spinning of a metal shell of an aerospace rocket engine, for example, a method for processing the opposite-wheel spinning of a roll-welded cylindrical part in Chinese patent (publication No. CN 103736807A) comprises the steps of firstly rolling and welding a plate blank to the cylindrical part, then processing a reinforcing ring and finally carrying out the multiple-pass opposite-wheel spinning. Such processing methods still have the following disadvantages: (1) When the pair wheels are passively and powerfully spun, the spinning wheels do not have active force, the rotating body workpiece transmits torque by the rotating discs, the transmission distance is long, the wall thickness of the cylindrical part is thin, large torque and axial compressive stress can be generated, and the reduction rate of the wall thickness of the cylinder is large, so that the phenomenon of instability of the cylinder in a twisting mode is easily caused; (2) When the pure paired wheel is used for active power spinning, the defect of axial drum-shaped wrinkles can be generated due to the fact that axial compression stress on a cylinder body is large in the spinning process due to the fact that the wall thickness reduction rate is large; (3) Spiral line track marks exist on the surface of a single pair wheel spinning workpiece between passes, so that the surface precision of the workpiece is not high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a pair-wheel active strong spin rolling type incremental forming process of an oversized-diameter thin-wall revolving body, which combines the principle of pair-wheel strong spin rolling and rolling, and is used for corresponding to workpieces with different sizes during pair-wheel spin rolling without additionally arranging core moulds with different sizes, so that the cost is saved; meanwhile, axial compression stress caused by axial feeding is avoided in the machining process, so that axial drum-shaped wrinkles are not prone to occurring, and the machining method has the advantages of being low in cost, high in size precision, capable of reducing material waste due to near-net-shape forming and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a pair wheel active strong spin rolling type incremental forming process of an oversized-diameter thin-wall revolving body comprises the following steps:
firstly, clamping a cylindrical part blank 4 on an internal expanding type clamp 6 of a rotary rolling device, and fixing the cylindrical part blank 4 on the internal expanding type clamp 6 through a pin 5; the inner expanding type clamp 6 is connected with a main shaft 7 of the rotary rolling equipment;
secondly, starting a main shaft 7 of the rotary rolling equipment, wherein the main shaft 7 of the rotary rolling equipment drives a cylindrical part blank 4 to rotate through an inner expanding type clamp 6, an inner wheel and an outer wheel of a rotary rolling wheel 3 start to feed radially from one circle of the periphery of the uppermost end of the cylindrical part blank 4, and meanwhile, a servo motor 1 drives the rotary rolling wheel 3 to rotate actively through a planet wheel reducer 2, so that the cylindrical part blank 4 is thinned radially conveniently until the preset thinning rate of the pass is reached;
thirdly, feeding the rotary rolling wheel 3 in a radial reverse direction, keeping away from the cylindrical part blank 4, and ensuring that the working interval of two circles has an overlapped part, wherein the downward axial movement distance of the rotary rolling wheel 3 is smaller than the middle working area of the rotary rolling wheel 3;
fourthly, the rotary rolling wheel 3 continues to carry out radial feeding according to the first step to the third step to finish the thinning work of the second circle;
and fifthly, after finishing the thinning forming work, withdrawing the rotary rolling wheel 3, stopping the main shaft 7 of the rotary rolling device and the servo motor 1, and taking out the cylindrical part blank 4.
In the process of carrying out powerful spinning on the cylindrical blank 4 by the spinning wheel 3, the cylindrical blank 4 with the expected diameter and wall thickness is obtained by controlling the radial feeding speed of the spinning wheel 3.
The rotary rolling wheel 3 is connected with an output shaft of the planet wheel speed reducer 2 through a transmission shaft, an input shaft of the planet wheel speed reducer 2 is connected with the servo motor 1, and the rotating speed of the servo motor 1 is adjustable, so that the rotating linear speed of the cylindrical part blank 4 is consistent with the linear speed of the rotary rolling wheel 3.
The cylindrical part blank 4 is fixed on an internal expanding type clamp 6 by pins 5 which are symmetrically distributed on the circumference.
Four pairs of spinning rollers 3 are uniformly and symmetrically distributed along the circumference of the cylindrical part blank 4 in the pair of spinning rollers, and the inner surface and the outer surface of the cylindrical part blank 4 are processed simultaneously.
The middle working area of the rotary rolling wheel 3 is a section of cylindrical end face area and is used for finishing the rolling work of gradually thinning the cylinder wall, the upper side and the lower side of the cylinder are inclined plane areas, and the inclined plane areas are connected with the working area through fillets.
Compared with the prior art, the invention combines the principles of strong spinning and rolling of the paired wheels to realize the thinning forming of the large-size cylindrical part, and has the following advantages:
(1) When the invention is used for carrying out powerful active spin rolling on the cylindrical part, the spin rolling wheel 3 actively rotates without completely transmitting torque by the cylindrical part blank 4 and the internal expanding type clamp 6, thereby reducing the torque generated in the processing process and further reducing the condition of distortion instability of the cylindrical part blank 4.
(2) When the pair wheel is in powerful active spin rolling, the spin rolling wheel 3 only performs radial feeding when contacting the cylindrical part blank 4, the condition of larger axial compressive stress caused by axial feeding is avoided, the problem of drum-shaped wrinkles generated in the spinning process can be solved to a great extent, and the production quality of the thin-wall cylindrical part is improved.
(3) In the process of powerful and active spinning rolling of the pair wheels, the invention does not have the spiral line track mark between tracks generated by axial feeding in the process of simple spinning of the pair wheels, and can effectively improve the surface precision of the cylindrical part blank 4.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the starting layout of the rotary milling forming according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a radial feed process for the rotary rolling forming according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a radial feeding process for the rotary rolling forming according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a radial feeding process for the rotary rolling forming according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the radial withdrawal of the spin-rolling forming according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional top view of an embodiment of the present invention in a spin-roll forming process.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a comparison between the structure of the spinning roller according to the embodiment of the present invention and the structure of the conventional spinning roller.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples and the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1-6, a paired wheel active strong spin rolling type incremental forming process of an oversized-diameter thin-wall revolving body, wherein four pairs of spin rolling wheels 3 are symmetrically and uniformly distributed along the circumference of a cylindrical part blank 4 in paired spin rolling, the inner surface and the outer surface of the cylindrical part blank 4 are simultaneously processed, and thinning of the cylindrical part blank 4 is completed by downward moving of each circle of working range, and the process comprises the following steps:
firstly, clamping a cylindrical part blank 4 on an internal expanding type clamp 6 of a rotary rolling device, and fixing the cylindrical part blank 4 on the internal expanding type clamp 6 by using a pin 5; in the embodiment, the cylindrical part blank 4 is fixed on the inner expanding type clamp 6 through pins 5 which are symmetrically distributed on the circumference, so that the cylindrical part blank 4 is prevented from sliding relative to the inner expanding type clamp 6 when rotating, and other movements which can cause instability in the rotary rolling process are prevented;
the inner expanding type clamp 6 is connected with a main shaft 7 of the rotary rolling equipment, and the main shaft 7 of the rotary rolling equipment provides power to drive the inner expanding type clamp 6 and the cylindrical part blank 4 to perform circular motion;
secondly, starting a main shaft 7 of the rotary rolling equipment, wherein the main shaft 7 of the rotary rolling equipment drives a cylindrical part blank 4 to rotate through an inner expanding type clamp 6, an inner wheel and an outer wheel of a rotary rolling wheel 3 start to feed radially from one circle of the periphery of the uppermost end of the cylindrical part blank 4, and meanwhile, a servo motor 1 drives the rotary rolling wheel 3 to rotate actively through a planet wheel reducer 2, so that the cylindrical part blank 4 is thinned radially conveniently until the preset thinning rate of the pass is reached;
the rotary rolling wheel 3 is connected with an output shaft of the planet wheel speed reducer 2 through a transmission shaft, an input shaft of the planet wheel speed reducer 2 is connected with the servo motor 1, and the rotating speed of the servo motor 1 is adjustable, so that the rotating linear speed of the cylindrical part blank 4 is consistent with the linear speed of the rotary rolling wheel 3;
thirdly, feeding the rotary rolling wheel 3 in a radial reverse direction, keeping away from the cylindrical part blank 4, and ensuring that the working interval of two circles has an overlapped part, wherein the downward axial movement distance of the rotary rolling wheel 3 is smaller than the middle working area of the rotary rolling wheel 3;
fourthly, the rotary rolling wheel 3 continues to carry out radial feeding according to the first step to the third step to finish the thinning work of the second circle;
and fifthly, after finishing the thinning forming work, withdrawing the rotary rolling wheel 3, stopping the main shaft 7 of the rotary rolling device and the servo motor 1, and taking out the cylindrical part blank 4.
During the process of carrying out powerful spinning on the cylindrical blank 4 by the spinning wheel 3, the cylindrical blank 4 with the expected diameter and wall thickness is obtained by controlling the radial feed speed of the spinning wheel 3.
Referring to fig. 7, the spinning roller 3 is different from a conventional spinning roller 8, wherein a spinning edge is arranged in the middle of the conventional spinning roller 8, and a spiral line mark is generated during spinning; the middle working area of the rotary rolling wheel 3 is a section of cylindrical end surface area and is used for finishing the rolling work of gradually thinning the cylinder wall, the upper side and the lower side of the cylinder are inclined surface areas, and the inclined surface areas are connected with the working area through fillets, so that the rotary rolling wheel 3 can be used for biting the cylindrical part blank 4 when the rotary rolling starts.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, and equivalents may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A pair wheel active strong spin rolling type incremental forming process of an oversized-diameter thin-wall revolving body is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, clamping a cylindrical part blank (4) on an internal expanding type clamp (6) of a rotary rolling device, and fixing the cylindrical part blank (4) on the internal expanding type clamp (6) through a pin (5); the inner expanding type clamp (6) is connected with a main shaft (7) of the rotary rolling equipment;
secondly, starting a main shaft (7) of the rotary rolling equipment, driving a cylindrical part blank (4) to rotate by the main shaft (7) of the rotary rolling equipment through an internal expanding type clamp (6), starting radial feeding from one circle of the periphery of the uppermost end of the cylindrical part blank (4) by an internal and external wheel of a rotary rolling wheel (3), and driving the rotary rolling wheel (3) to rotate by a servo motor (1) through a planetary reducer (2) to facilitate radial thinning of the cylindrical part blank (4) until the preset thinning rate of the pass is reached;
thirdly, feeding the rotary rolling wheel (3) in a radial reverse direction, keeping away from the cylindrical part blank (4), and ensuring that the working interval of two circles has an overlapped part, wherein the downward axial movement distance of the rotary rolling wheel (3) is smaller than the middle working area of the rotary rolling wheel (3);
fourthly, the rotary rolling wheel (3) continues to perform radial feeding according to the first step to the third step to finish the thinning work of the second circle;
and fifthly, after the thinning forming work is finished, withdrawing the rotary rolling wheel (3), stopping the main shaft (7) of the rotary rolling equipment and the servo motor (1), and taking out the cylindrical part blank (4).
2. The process according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the process of carrying out powerful spinning on the cylindrical blank (4) by the spinning wheel (3), the cylindrical blank (4) with the expected diameter and wall thickness is obtained by controlling the radial feed speed of the spinning wheel (3).
3. The process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rotary rolling wheel (3) is connected with an output shaft of the planet wheel speed reducer (2) through a transmission shaft, an input shaft of the planet wheel speed reducer (2) is connected with the servo motor (1), and the rotating speed of the servo motor (1) is adjustable, so that the rotating linear speed of the cylindrical part blank (4) is consistent with the linear speed of the rotary rolling wheel (3).
4. The process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cylindrical part blank (4) is fixed on an internal expanding type clamp (6) by pins (5) which are symmetrically distributed on the circumference.
5. The process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pair of rotary rolling adopts four pairs of rotary rolling wheels (3) which are uniformly and symmetrically distributed along the circumference of the cylindrical part blank (4), and simultaneously, the cylindrical part blank (4) is processed along the inner surface and the outer surface.
6. The process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the middle working area of the rotary rolling wheel (3) is a section of cylindrical end surface area and is used for finishing the rolling work of gradually thinning the cylinder wall, the upper side and the lower side of the cylinder are inclined surface areas, and the inclined surface areas are connected with the working area through round corners.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211585948.9A CN115837442A (en) | 2022-12-09 | 2022-12-09 | Opposite wheel active strong spin rolling type incremental forming process for ultra-large diameter thin-wall revolving body |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211585948.9A CN115837442A (en) | 2022-12-09 | 2022-12-09 | Opposite wheel active strong spin rolling type incremental forming process for ultra-large diameter thin-wall revolving body |
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| CN115837442A true CN115837442A (en) | 2023-03-24 |
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| CN202211585948.9A Pending CN115837442A (en) | 2022-12-09 | 2022-12-09 | Opposite wheel active strong spin rolling type incremental forming process for ultra-large diameter thin-wall revolving body |
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