CN115833697A - Asymmetric current control method of electric excitation doubly salient power generation system - Google Patents
Asymmetric current control method of electric excitation doubly salient power generation system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses an asymmetric current control method of an electric excitation double salient pole power generation system, which relates to the field of electric excitation double salient pole generators, and when the control is carried out according to the method, for each sector of an electric cycle, an upper bridge arm switching tube connected with a phase winding which rises in a sector in a self-induction manner in a controllable rectifier is controlled to be conducted before the sector starting position of the sector and in advance by a gamma electric angle, and the upper bridge arm switching tube is continuously conducted to be turned off at a beta electric angle behind the sector starting position of the sector; the lower bridge arm switching tube connected with the phase winding which is decreased in the self-induction mode in the controllable rectifier is controlled to be conducted at the sector starting position of the sector, the lower bridge arm switching tube is continuously conducted to be turned off at an alpha electrical angle behind the sector starting position of the sector, and alpha is larger than beta under the default condition, so that the conduction interval of the lower bridge arm switching tube flowing through the forward current is fully increased, the forward current is increased, the power generation capacity of the electric excitation double-salient generator can be further improved, and the output electric energy and the power density of the generator are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of electric excitation doubly salient generators, in particular to an asymmetric current control method of an electric excitation doubly salient power generation system.
Background
The electric excitation double salient pole generator is a variable reluctance motor, a rotor of the electric excitation double salient pole generator is not provided with a winding or a permanent magnet, and the magnetic field of the motor can be adjusted by adjusting the current on an excitation winding. The special structure enables the electric excitation double-salient-pole generator to have the advantages of simple structure, strong reliability, adaptability to high rotating speed and demagnetization under severe working conditions and faults and the like.
The electric excitation double salient pole generator usually adopts an uncontrolled rectifier to generate electricity, but the output power of an uncontrolled rectification power generation system of the traditional electric excitation double salient pole generator is lower, so that the development of the controllable rectification power generation system of the electric excitation double salient pole generator is promoted. Due to the special salient pole structure of the electro-magnetic doubly salient generator, the induced potential of the motor is non-sinusoidal, so that the traditional vector control and magnetic field directional control are not applicable.
The principle of a power generation system control strategy of the electric excitation double salient pole generator is that according to the inductance change characteristics of a phase winding of the simplified electric excitation double salient pole generator, a 360-degree electric cycle is divided into three 120-degree sectors, a three-phase winding in each sector can be respectively positioned in an inductance rising area, an inductance falling area and an inductance unchanging area according to the change characteristics of inductance, the three-phase winding is alternated along with the change of the sectors, and the three-phase winding is closed after a switching tube of a corresponding bridge arm is conducted for a certain angle in each sector. The control strategy of the existing controllable rectification power generation system of the electric excitation double salient pole generator mainly comprises a standard angle position control strategy, an advance angle position control strategy, a six-state angle position control strategy, a three-phase six-beat control strategy and the like. Under a standard angle position control strategy, an upper bridge arm switch tube connected with a phase winding in an inductance ascending area and a lower bridge arm switch tube connected with a phase winding in an inductance descending area are simultaneously conducted at a sector switching point, and the switch tubes are not conducted in an inductance invariable area. The advanced angle position control strategy is to simultaneously conduct upper and lower bridge arm switch tubes to be conducted at a certain angle in advance at a sector switching point on the basis of a standard angle. For example, the invention patent with the application number of 202210296399.7 and the patent name of 'a three-phase six-beat control method of an electro-magnetic doubly salient power generation system' provides a method for advancing the opening angle of upper and lower bridge arm switch tubes by different angles on the basis of advancing the angle.
However, the control strategies of the existing controllable rectification power generation systems have the following problems: the conducting area of the upper bridge arm switch tube flowing through the negative current is too long, the negative phase current value is too large, the commutation time of the current from negative to positive during sector switching is prolonged, the problem of commutation overlapping of the generator is aggravated, and the output range of the positive current with stronger power generation capacity is shortened. The switching tubes of the upper and lower bridge arms corresponding to each sector are turned off at the same time, the lower bridge arm is turned off too early, the positive current amplitude with larger output is smaller, and the output electric energy and the power density of the electric excitation doubly salient generator cannot be fully improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems and technical needs, the present applicant proposes an asymmetric current control method for an electro-magnetic doubly salient power generation system, and the technical scheme of the present application is as follows:
an asymmetric current control method for an electro-magnetic doubly salient power generation system, in which an excitation voltage source U is provided f Excitation winding L of electric excitation doubly salient generator connected through asymmetric half bridge f One end of a three-phase winding of the electric excitation double salient pole generator is connected in a star shape, the other end of the three-phase winding is connected with a load through a controllable rectifier, and two ends of the load are also connected with a direct current side filter capacitor C in parallel dc (ii) a The control module is connected with and controls the switching tubes in the asymmetric half-bridge and the switching tubes in the controllable rectifier, and the asymmetric current control method executed by the control module comprises the following steps:
controlling duty cycle of switching tubes in an asymmetric half-bridge to drive field current on a field windingPerforming closed-loop control according to rotor electrical angle theta e Controlling the switching of the switching tube in the controllable rectifier so that for each sector of an electrical cycle:
before the sector starting position of the sector, an upper bridge arm switching tube connected with a phase winding which rises in the sector through self induction in a gamma electric angle control controllable rectifier is conducted in advance, and is continuously conducted to a beta electric angle position behind the sector starting position of the sector to be switched off; controlling a lower bridge arm switching tube connected with a phase winding descending in a self-inductance manner in the controllable rectifier to be conducted at the sector starting position of the sector, and continuously conducting the lower bridge arm switching tube to be switched off at an alpha electric angle behind the sector starting position of the sector; and controlling the rest switching tubes in the controllable rectifier to be continuously kept off, wherein alpha, beta and gamma are conduction angle parameters, and alpha is larger than beta.
The further technical scheme is that the method for determining the conduction angle parameters alpha, beta and gamma comprises the following steps:
determining the working condition information of the doubly salient electro-magnetic power generation system, and determining a conduction angle combination corresponding to the working condition information in a conduction angle table, wherein the conduction angle combination comprises values of alpha, beta and gamma;
the conduction angle table comprises corresponding relations of different working condition information and conduction angle combinations, and the conduction angle combination corresponding to each working condition information is a conduction angle combination which enables the output power of the doubly salient electro-magnetic power generation system to be maximum when the doubly salient electro-magnetic power generation system operates under the operation working condition corresponding to the working condition information.
The further technical scheme is that the load is a resistance variable load, and the working condition information of the electric excitation double salient pole power generation system comprises the resistance value of the load R and the rotor rotating speed n of the electric excitation double salient pole generator.
The further technical scheme is that the method for determining the working condition information of the doubly salient electro-magnetic power generation system comprises the following steps:
collecting DC bus voltage U at two ends of load dc And the load current i on the load dc According to R = U dc i dc Calculating to obtain the resistance R of the load, and calculating according to the rotor electrical angle theta e The rate of change with respect to time is calculated to obtain the electrical excitationAnd the rotor speed n of the magnetic double salient pole generator.
The further technical scheme is that the method for establishing the conduction angle table comprises the following steps:
controlling the doubly salient excitation power generation system to operate under an operation condition corresponding to a group of working condition information, changing a conduction angle combination, determining the output power of the doubly salient excitation power generation system under each conduction angle combination, and recording the corresponding relation between the conduction angle combination which enables the output power of the doubly salient excitation power generation system to be maximum and the current working condition information;
and changing the working condition information and executing the step of controlling the doubly salient electro-magnetic power generation system to operate under the operation working condition corresponding to the group of working condition information again until the corresponding relation between each group of working condition information and the corresponding conduction angle combination is established, and establishing the conduction angle table.
The further technical scheme is that the conduction angle parameter alpha takes a value in an electrical angle interval of (0 degrees and 120 degrees), the conduction angle parameter beta takes a value in an electrical angle interval of [0 degrees and alpha ], and the difference value of alpha and beta reaches a difference threshold value.
The further technical scheme is that the method for changing the combination of the conduction angles comprises the following steps:
selecting the value of a conduction angle parameter gamma;
sequentially traversing and selecting a plurality of different values of the conduction angle parameter alpha according to the first step in an electrical angle interval of (0 degrees and 120 degrees);
and sequentially traversing and selecting a plurality of different values of the conduction angle parameter beta according to a second step in the electrical angle interval of [0 degrees, alpha ] on the basis of unchanging the value of the conduction angle parameter gamma and the value of each conduction angle parameter alpha.
The further technical scheme is that in the asymmetric half bridge, a switch tube T 7 The collector of the transformer is connected with an excitation voltage source U f Positive electrode of (2), switching tube T 7 Emitter-connected diode D 7 Cathode of (2), diode D 7 Anode of the transformer is connected with an excitation voltage source U f The negative electrode of (1); diode D 8 Cathode of the transformer is connected with an excitation voltage source U f Anode of (2), diode D 8 Anode of the switch tube T 8 Collector electrode of (1), switching tube T 8 The emitter of the transformer is connected with an excitation voltage source U f The negative electrode of (1); switch tube T 7 And a switching tube T 8 Both ends of the diode are respectively connected with a reverse diode in parallel; switch tube T 7 Through an excitation resistor R f Connecting the excitation winding L f One end of (a) a field winding L f The other end of the switch tube T is connected with a switch tube T 8 A collector electrode of (a);
the method for controlling the duty ratio of the switching tube in the asymmetric half bridge to perform closed-loop control on the exciting current on the exciting winding comprises the following steps:
obtaining a switching tube T 7 Is connected to the excitation resistor R f Of the line i f At a given current i fref And an excitation current i f Is used as the input of the PI controller, and the switch tube T is controlled according to the duty ratio corresponding to the output of the PI controller 7 And a switching tube T 8 Make and break of (2).
The further technical scheme is that the controllable rectifier adopts a three-phase bridge rectifier and a switching tube T 1 Collector electrode and switching tube T 3 Collector electrode and switching tube T 5 The collectors are connected with one end of a load and a switch tube T 1 The emitter is connected with a switch tube T 2 Collector electrode of (1), switching tube T 3 The emitter is connected with a switch tube T 4 Collector electrode of (1), switching tube T 5 The emitter is connected with a switch tube T 6 Collector electrode of (1), switching tube T 2 Emitter and switch tube T 4 Emitter and switching tube T 6 The emitters are connected with each other and connected with the other end of the load;
switch tube T 1 The emitter of the generator is connected with an A-phase winding of an electrically excited doubly salient generator and a switching tube T 3 The emitter of the transformer is connected with a B-phase winding of an electrically excited doubly salient generator and a switching tube T 5 The emitter of the generator is connected with a C-phase winding of the electric excitation doubly salient generator; switch tube T 1 And a switch tube T 2 Switch tube T 3 Switch tube T 4 And a switch tube T 5 And a switching tube T 6 Both ends of the diode are respectively connected with a reverse diode in parallel;
a [0 °,360 °) electrical cycle comprising a first sector in the [0 °,120 ° electrical angle interval, a second sector in the [120 °,240 ° electrical angle interval, and a third sector in the [240 °,360 ° electrical angle interval; the sector starting position of the first sector is 0 degree, the sector starting position of the second sector is 120 degrees, and the sector starting position of the third sector is 240 degrees;
in the first sector, the self-inductance of the A-phase winding rises, the self-inductance of the B-phase winding does not change, the self-inductance of the C-phase winding falls, and the upper bridge arm switching tube connected with the phase winding rising in the first sector is a switching tube T 1 The lower bridge arm switch tube connected with the phase winding which is decreased in self-induction in the first sector is a switch tube T 6 ；
In the second sector, the self-inductance of the B-phase winding rises, the self-inductance of the C-phase winding does not change, the self-inductance of the A-phase winding falls, and the upper bridge arm switching tube connected with the phase winding rising in the second sector is a switching tube T 3 The lower bridge arm switch tube connected with the phase winding which is self-inductively decreased in the second sector is a switch tube T 2 ；
In the third sector, the self-inductance of the C-phase winding rises, the self-inductance of the A-phase winding does not change, the self-inductance of the B-phase winding falls, and the upper bridge arm switching tube connected with the phase winding rising in the third sector is the switching tube T 5 The lower bridge arm switching tube connected with the phase winding which is decreased in self-inductance in the third sector is a switching tube T 4 。
The further technical proposal is that,
when in the [0 DEG, beta) electric angle interval, the switch tube T is controlled 1 And a switching tube T 6 Are all conducted, and the A-phase winding, the C-phase winding and the DC side filter capacitor C dc Connecting;
when in the [ beta, 120-gamma ] electric angle interval, the switch tube T is controlled 1 Close, only turn on the switch tube T 6 The A-phase winding and the C-phase winding pass through a switching tube T 6 And a switching tube T 2 Reverse diode D at two ends 2 Connecting;
when the electrical angle is within the range of [ 120-gamma, 120-alpha ], the switch tube T is controlled 3 And a switching tube T 6 All are conducted, and the B-phase winding, the C-phase winding and the DC side filter capacitor are connectedC dc Connecting;
when the electric angle is within the range of [120 DEG to alpha, 120 DEG), the switch tube T is controlled 6 Switch tube T is closed and only conducted 3 The B-phase winding and the C-phase winding pass through a switching tube T 3 And a switching tube T 5 Reverse diode D at two ends 5 Connecting;
when the angle is in the range of [120 degrees, 120 degrees + beta ], the switch tube T is controlled 2 And a switching tube T 3 Conducting, connecting the A phase winding and the B phase winding with the DC side filter capacitor C dc Connecting;
when the angle is in the range of [120 degrees + beta, 240 degrees-gamma) electric angle, the switch tube T is controlled 3 Switch tube T is closed and only conducted 2 The A-phase winding and the B-phase winding pass through a switch tube T 2 And a switching tube T 4 Reverse diode D at two ends 4 Connecting;
when the electrical angle is within the range of (240-gamma, 240-alpha), the switch tube T is controlled 2 And a switching tube T 5 Conducting, A phase winding and C phase winding and DC side filter capacitor C dc Connecting;
when in the electric angle range of 240-alpha, 240 DEG, the switch tube T is controlled 2 Switch tube T is closed and only conducted 5 The A-phase winding and the C-phase winding pass through a switching tube T 5 And a switching tube T 1 Reverse diode D at two ends 1 Connecting;
when the angle is in the range of [240 degrees, 240 degrees + beta ], the switch tube T is controlled 4 And a switching tube T 5 Conducting, B phase winding and C phase winding and DC side filter capacitor C dc Connecting;
when the angle is in the range of [240 degrees + beta, 360 degrees-gamma ], the switch tube T is controlled 5 Switch tube T is closed and only conducted 4 The B-phase winding and the C-phase winding pass through a switching tube T 4 And a switching tube T 6 Reverse diode D at two ends 6 Connecting;
when the electrical angle is in the range of (360-gamma, 360-alpha), the switch tube T is controlled 1 And a switching tube T 4 Conducting, A phase winding and B phase winding and DC side filter capacitor C dc Connecting;
when in the electric angle range of 360 degrees to alpha and 360 degreesSwitch tube T 4 Switch tube T is closed and only conducted 1 The A-phase winding and the B-phase winding pass through a switching tube T 1 And a switching tube T 3 Reverse diode D at two ends 3 Are connected.
The beneficial technical effect of this application is:
the application discloses an asymmetric current control method of an electrically excited doubly salient generator system, which fully considers the problem that the reversing process of current from negative to positive is longer due to the fact that the conduction angle of an upper bridge arm is too large and the problem that the forward current amplitude is smaller due to the fact that the conduction angle of a lower bridge arm is too short, controls an upper bridge arm switch tube connected with a phase winding with rising self-inductance to be turned off at an electrical angle after being conducted to the initial position of a sector in each sector, and controls a lower bridge arm switch tube connected with a phase winding with falling self-inductance to be turned off at an angle alpha after being conducted to the initial position of the sector.
The method is suitable for different motor operating conditions, the combination of the conduction angles with the maximum output power is given according to the change of the rotor rotating speed and the resistance value of the load, the table look-up of the conduction angles does not need to carry out complex calculation, the requirement on the computing capacity of a processor is low, and the response is rapid.
The method utilizes the inherent controller, power converter and sensor of the controllable rectification power generation system of the three-phase electro-magnetic doubly salient generator, does not need to add new devices, is convenient and effective, and saves the cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a system topology structural diagram of an electrically excited doubly salient power generation system in one embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a control block diagram of an electrically excited double salient pole power generation system in one embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of a starvation-to-on mode of a switching tube in a controllable rectifier during an electrical cycle.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart illustrating the construction of a conduction angle table according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, in the doubly salient electro-magnetic power generation system of the present application, an excitation voltage source U f Excitation winding L for electrically excited doubly salient generator (DSEG) connected by asymmetric half-bridges f Excitation voltage source U f Both ends of the transformer are also connected with an excitation side filter capacitor C in parallel f . One end of a three-phase winding of the electric excitation double salient pole generator is connected in a star shape to serve as a neutral point N, the other end of the three-phase winding is connected with a load R through a controllable rectifier to realize direct current output, and two ends of the load R are also connected with a direct current side filter capacitor C in parallel dc The voltage at the two ends of the load R is the DC bus voltage U dc . The control module is connected with the asymmetric half bridge and the switching tubes in the controllable rectifier, and controls the on-off of the switching tubes in the asymmetric half bridge through a control signal ctrl1 and controls the on-off of the switching tubes in the controllable rectifier through a control signal ctrl 2.
In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the controllable rectifier is a three-phase bridge rectifier with a switching tube T 1 Collector electrode and switching tube T 3 Collector electrode of (2) and switching tube T 5 Is connected to one end of a load R, which is the DC bus voltage U across the load R dc Voltage positive terminal of (2). Switch tube T 1 The emitter is connected with a switch tube T 2 Collector electrode of (1), switching tube T 3 The emitter is connected with a switch tube T 4 Collector electrode of (1), switching tube T 5 The emitter is connected with a switch tube T 6 Collector electrode of (1), switching tube T 2 Emitter and switch tube T 4 Emitter and switching tube T 6 Is connected to the other end of the load, which is the DC bus voltage U across the load R dc To the negative voltage terminal. Switch tube T 1 And a switch tube T 2 Switch tube T 3 And a switch tube T 4 Switch tube T 5 And a switching tube T 6 Both ends of the diode are respectively connected in parallel with a reverse diode. Switch tube T 1 The emitter of the generator is connected with an A-phase winding of an electrically excited doubly salient generator and a switching tube T 3 The emitter of the transformer is connected with a B-phase winding of an electrically excited doubly salient generator and a switching tube T 5 The emitter of the generator is connected with a C-phase winding of the electric excitation doubly salient generator.
In an asymmetrical half-bridge, the switching tube T 7 The collector of the transformer is connected with an excitation voltage source U f Positive electrode of (2), switching tube T 7 Emitter-connected diode D 7 Cathode of (2), diode D 7 Anode of the transformer is connected with an excitation voltage source U f The negative electrode of (1). Diode D 8 Cathode of the transformer is connected with an excitation voltage source U f Anode of (2), diode D 8 Anode of the switch tube T 8 Collector electrode of (1), switching tube T 8 The emitter of the transformer is connected with an excitation voltage source U f The negative electrode of (1). Switch tube T 7 And a switching tube T 8 Both ends of the diode are respectively connected in parallel with a reverse diode. Switch tube T 7 Through an exciting resistor R f Connecting the excitation winding L f One end of (1), the field winding L f The other end of the switch tube T is connected with a switch tube T 8 The collector electrode of (1).
The asymmetric current control method executed by the control module comprises the following steps:
controlling duty cycle of switching tube in asymmetric half bridge to excite excitation winding L f Upper exciting current i f And performing closed-loop control. In one embodiment, please refer to the control block diagram shown in fig. 2, obtain the switch transistor T 7 Is connected to the excitation resistor R f Of the line i f At a given current i fref And an excitation current i f The difference value of the first and second signals is used as the input of a PI controller, the output of the PI controller is subjected to amplitude limiting processing to determine a target duty ratio d, and a control signal ctrl1 is determined according to the target duty ratio d and is provided to a switching tube T 7 And a switching tube T 8 To control the switching tube T according to the target duty ratio d 7 And a switching tube T 8 Make and break of (i) so that the exciting current i f Closed loop tracking of a given current i fref 。
Obtaining real-time rotor electrical angle theta through rotor position sensor mounted on electric excitation double salient pole generator e And according to the rotor electrical angle theta e Controlling the on-off of the switching tube in the controllable rectifier has the following control effect for each sector of one electric cycle:
before the sector starting position of the sector, an upper bridge arm switching tube connected with a phase winding which rises in the sector through self-induction in the controllable rectifier is controlled to be conducted in advance by the gamma electric angle, and the upper bridge arm switching tube is continuously conducted to the sector starting position of the sector and then is turned off at the beta electric angle. And controlling the conduction of a lower bridge arm switching tube connected with a phase winding which is decreased in self-inductance in the sector in the controllable rectifier at the sector starting position of the sector, and continuously conducting the conduction to the alpha electric angle behind the sector starting position of the sector and then switching off the conduction. And controlling the rest switching tubes in the controllable rectifier to be continuously turned off, wherein alpha, beta and gamma are conduction angle parameters, and alpha is larger than beta. The sector starting position of each sector is the electrical angle from the previous sector to the sector. The conduction angle parameter α takes a value in an electrical angle interval of (0 °,120 ° ]), the conduction angle parameter β takes a value in an electrical angle interval of [0 °, α ], and in one embodiment, α is much larger than β, that is, a difference between α and β reaches a difference threshold. Generally, the value of beta is not more than 24 degrees, the value of alpha is not less than 60 degrees, and in practical tests, the value of alpha is usually more than 96 degrees.
In one embodiment, based on the structure shown in fig. 1, one [0 °,360 °) electrical cycle comprises a first sector in the [0 °,120 °) electrical angle interval, a second sector in the [120 °,240 °) electrical angle interval, and a third sector in the [240 °,360 °) electrical angle interval. The sector start position of the first sector is 0 °, the sector start position of the second sector is 120 °, and the sector start position of the third sector is 240 °.
(1) In the first sector, the self-inductance L of the A-phase winding a Rising, self-inductance L of the B-phase winding b Constant, self-inductance L of the C-phase winding c And (4) descending. The sector starting position of the first sector is at an electrical angle of 0 deg.. In the control process, the upper bridge arm switching tube connected with the phase winding which self-inducts to rise in the first sector isSwitch tube T 1 The lower bridge arm switch tube connected with the phase winding which is self-inductively decreased in the first sector is a switch tube T 6 。
(2) In the second sector, the self-inductance L of the B-phase winding b Rising, self-inductance L of the C-phase winding c Invariable, self-inductance L of the A-phase winding a And (4) descending. The sector starting position of the second sector is at 120 electrical degrees. In the control process, the upper bridge arm switching tube connected with the phase winding which self-inducts to rise in the second sector is a switching tube T 3 The lower bridge arm switch tube connected with the phase winding which is decreased in self-induction in the second sector is a switch tube T 2 。
(3) In the third sector, the self-inductance L of the C-phase winding c Rising, self-inductance L of the A-phase winding a Constant, self-inductance L of the B-phase winding b And (4) descending. The sector start position of the third sector is at 240 electrical degrees. In the control process, the upper bridge arm switching tube connected with the phase winding which self-inducts to rise in the third sector is a switching tube T 5 The lower bridge arm switch tube connected with the phase winding which is decreased in self-induction in the third sector is a switch tube T 4 。
Referring to the conduction mode diagram shown in fig. 3, in an electrical cycle of [0 °,360 °, in different electrical angle intervals, the state of the electrically excited double salient pole power generation system is:
in the mode I of [0 degrees and beta ] electric angle interval, the switch tube T is controlled 1 And a switching tube T 6 All are conducted, and the A-phase winding, the C-phase winding and the DC side filter capacitor C are connected dc Are connected.
In the mode II of [ beta, 120-gamma ] electric angle interval, the switch tube T is controlled 1 Close, only turn on the switch tube T 6 The A-phase winding and the C-phase winding pass through a switch tube T 6 And a switching tube T 2 Reverse diode D at two ends 2 Are connected.
In the mode III of the electrical angle interval of [ 120-gamma, 120-alpha ], the switch tube T is controlled 3 And a switching tube T 6 Are all conducted, and the B-phase winding, the C-phase winding and the DC side filter capacitor C dc Are connected.
In the mode IV of the electrical angle interval of [120 ° -alpha, 120 °), controllingSwitch tube T 6 Switch tube T is closed and only conducted 3 The B-phase winding and the C-phase winding pass through a switching tube T 3 And a switching tube T 5 Reverse diode D at two ends 5 Are connected.
When the mode V is in the electrical angle range of [120 degrees, 120 degrees and beta ], the switching tube T is controlled 2 And a switching tube T 3 Conducting, A phase winding and B phase winding and DC side filter capacitor C dc Are connected.
In a modal VI of an electrical angle interval of [120 degrees + beta, 240 degrees-gamma ], the switching tube T is controlled 3 Switch tube T is closed and only conducted 2 The A-phase winding and the B-phase winding pass through a switch tube T 2 And a switching tube T 4 Reverse diode D at two ends 4 Are connected.
In a mode VII of an electrical angle interval of [ 240-gamma, 240-alpha ], the switching tube T is controlled 2 And a switching tube T 5 Conducting, A phase winding and C phase winding and DC side filter capacitor C dc Are connected.
In a mode VIII of an electrical angle interval of [ 240-alpha, 240 DEG ], controlling a switch tube T 2 Switch tube T is closed and only conducted 5 The A-phase winding and the C-phase winding pass through a switching tube T 5 And a switching tube T 1 Reverse diode D at two ends 1 Are connected.
In a mode IX of an electrical angle interval of [240 degrees, 240 degrees + beta ], the switching tube T is controlled 4 And a switching tube T 5 Conducting, B phase winding and C phase winding and DC side filter capacitor C dc Are connected.
Controlling the switch tube T at the mode X in the electrical angle interval of [240 degrees + beta, 360 degrees-gamma ] 5 Switch tube T is closed and only conducted 4 The B-phase winding and the C-phase winding pass through a switching tube T 4 And a switching tube T 6 Reverse diode D at two ends 6 Are connected.
In a mode XI of an electrical angle interval of (360-gamma, 360-alpha), controlling a switch tube T 1 And a switching tube T 4 Conducting, connecting the A phase winding and the B phase winding with the DC side filter capacitor C dc Are connected.
In the mode XII of the electrical angle interval of 360 degrees to alpha and 360 degrees, the switch tube T is controlled 4 Close, lead onlyGeneral switch tube T 1 The A-phase winding and the B-phase winding pass through a switch tube T 1 And a switching tube T 3 Reverse diode D at two ends 3 Are connected.
In the asymmetric current control method, values of conduction angle parameters alpha, beta and gamma can be set in a user-defined mode so that the electric excitation double salient pole power generation system has high output power. However, considering that the values of the conduction angle parameters α, β, and γ are different when the doubly salient electro-magnetic power generation system operates under different operating conditions, in an embodiment, the current operating condition information of the doubly salient electro-magnetic power generation system is determined, and the conduction angle combination corresponding to the operating condition information in the conduction angle table is determined, where the conduction angle combination includes the values of α, β, and γ. The conduction angle table comprises corresponding relations of different working condition information and conduction angle combinations, and the conduction angle combination corresponding to each working condition information is the conduction angle combination which enables the output power of the doubly salient electro-magnetic power generation system to be maximum when the doubly salient electro-magnetic power generation system operates under the operation working condition corresponding to the working condition information. And then generating a control signal Ctrl2 according to the value in the conduction angle combination and outputting the control signal Ctrl2 to a switching tube in the controllable rectifier, namely controlling the switching tube in the controllable rectifier to switch on and off according to the conduction angle combination in the process, so that the electric excitation double-salient power generation system has the maximum output power under the current operation working condition.
In this embodiment, the load R is a resistive variable load, and the operating condition information of the doubly salient electro-magnetic power generation system includes a resistance value of the load R and a rotor speed n of the doubly salient electro-magnetic power generator. The method for determining the working condition information of the doubly salient electro-magnetic power generation system comprises the following steps: collecting DC bus voltage U at two ends of load dc And the load current i on the load dc According to R = U dc i dc And calculating to obtain the resistance R of the load R. And, according to the rotor electrical angle theta e And calculating the change rate of the rotor relative to time to obtain the rotor speed n of the electric excitation doubly salient generator.
The conduction angle table is pre-established, and in one embodiment, the method of establishing the conduction angle table includes the following processes, please refer to fig. 4:
and controlling the doubly salient excitation power generation system to operate under an operation condition corresponding to a group of working condition information, then changing the conduction angle combination under the current operation condition, and determining the output power of the doubly salient excitation power generation system under each conduction angle combination. And then recording the corresponding relation between the combination of the conduction angles which enables the output power of the electric excitation double salient pole power generation system to be maximum and the current working condition information.
When the combination of the conduction angles is changed, the conduction angle parameter beta takes a value in an electrical angle interval of [0 degrees and alpha ], and the conduction angle parameter alpha takes a value in an electrical angle interval of (0 degrees and 120 degrees) ]. In order to accommodate most operating conditions and reduce the amount of data collected, one embodiment provides a method of changing the combination of conduction angles comprising:
firstly, selecting a value of a conduction angle parameter gamma, wherein the value of the conduction angle parameter gamma is a natural commutation point from zero to negative of induced potential of a phase winding, and the value is adopted under all operating conditions, for example, according to actual measurement, the value of gamma is generally selected in an electric angle interval of [12 degrees, 36 degrees ].
And then, on the basis that the value of the conduction angle parameter gamma and the value of each conduction angle parameter alpha are not changed, a plurality of different values of the conduction angle parameter beta are sequentially selected in a traversing manner according to a second step in the electrical angle interval of [0 degrees, alpha ].
The first step and the second step are self-defined parameters, and may be equal or different, for example, in one example, in order to divide the values equally, the value of the conduction angle parameter α is selected according to the second step being 12 ° in the electrical angle interval of (0 °,120 °), and the value of the conduction angle parameter β is selected according to the first step being 12 ° in the electrical angle interval of [0 °, α ]. Therefore, the value of the conduction angle parameter alpha can be selected according to the second step of 12 degrees in the electrical angle interval of [12 degrees ], 120 degrees ], and the value of the conduction angle parameter beta can be selected according to the first step of 12 degrees in the electrical angle interval of [0 degrees ], alpha-12 degrees ].
Then, in the case of γ =24 ° and α =12 °, the only value of the conduction angle parameter β is taken as 0 °, and a group of conduction angle combinations is obtained. And then changing the value of the conduction angle parameter alpha to be alpha =24 degrees, and traversing two values of the conduction angle parameter beta in an electrical angle interval of [0 degrees and 12 degrees ] under the conditions of gamma =24 degrees and alpha =24 degrees to obtain two groups of different conduction angle combinations. The above process is repeated until all 10 values of the conduction angle parameter β are traversed within an electrical angle interval of [0 °,108 ° ] under γ =24 ° and α =120 °, resulting in 10 different sets of conduction angle combinations. Thereby yielding 55 different sets of conduction angle combinations in total.
And then changing the working condition information and executing the step of controlling the operation of the electro-magnetic doubly salient power generation system under the operation working condition corresponding to the group of working condition information again, namely repeating the process until the corresponding relation between each group of working condition information and the corresponding conduction angle combination is established, and establishing the conduction angle table.
What has been described above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and the present application is not limited to the above examples. It is to be understood that other modifications and variations directly derived or suggested to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and concepts of the present application are to be considered as being within the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. An asymmetric current control method of a power generation system is characterized in that in an electrically excited doubly salient power generation system, an excitation voltage source U f Excitation winding L of electric excitation doubly salient generator connected through asymmetric half bridge f One end of a three-phase winding of the electric excitation double-salient generator is in star connection, the other end of the three-phase winding is connected with a load through a controllable rectifier, and two ends of the load are also connected with a direct current side filter capacitor C in parallel dc (ii) a The control module is connected with and controls the switching tube in the asymmetric half bridge and the switching tube in the controllable rectifier, and the asymmetric current control method executed by the control module comprises the following steps:
controlling duty ratio of switching tube in the asymmetric half-bridge to perform closed-loop control on excitation current on the excitation winding, and controlling the duty ratio according to rotor electrical angle theta e Controlling the on-off of a switching tube in the controlled rectifier so that for one electrical cycleEach sector of (a):
before the sector starting position of the sector begins, controlling the conduction of an upper bridge arm switching tube connected with a phase winding which rises in the sector in advance through a gamma electric angle in the controllable rectifier, and continuously conducting to the beta electric angle position after the sector starting position of the sector and then switching off; controlling a lower bridge arm switching tube connected with a phase winding descending in the sector to be conducted at the sector starting position of the sector, and continuously conducting the lower bridge arm switching tube to an alpha electrical angle behind the sector starting position of the sector; and controlling the rest switching tubes in the controllable rectifier to be continuously kept off, wherein alpha, beta and gamma are conduction angle parameters, and alpha is larger than beta.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method of determining the conduction angle parameters α, β, γ comprises:
determining working condition information of the double-salient-pole electro-magnetic power generation system, and determining a conduction angle combination corresponding to the working condition information in a conduction angle table, wherein the conduction angle combination comprises values of alpha, beta and gamma;
the conduction angle table comprises corresponding relations between different working condition information and conduction angle combinations, and the conduction angle combination corresponding to each working condition information is the conduction angle combination with the maximum output power of the doubly salient electro-magnetic power generation system when the doubly salient electro-magnetic power generation system operates under the operation working condition corresponding to the working condition information.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the load is a resistance variable load, and the operating condition information of the doubly salient electro-magnetic power generation system comprises a resistance value of the load R and a rotor speed n of the doubly salient electro-magnetic power generator.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the method for determining the operating condition information of the doubly salient electro-magnetic power generation system comprises the following steps:
collecting DC bus voltage U at two ends of the load dc And a load current i on the load dc According to R = U dc i dc Calculating the resistance R of the load, and calculating the resistance according to the rotor electrical angle theta e And calculating the change rate of the time to obtain the rotor speed n of the electric excitation double salient generator.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein the method of establishing the conduction angle table comprises:
controlling the doubly salient electro-magnetic power generation system to operate under an operation condition corresponding to a group of working condition information, changing a conduction angle combination, determining the output power of the doubly salient electro-magnetic power generation system under each conduction angle combination, and recording the corresponding relation between the conduction angle combination which enables the output power of the doubly salient electro-magnetic power generation system to be maximum and the current working condition information;
and changing the working condition information and executing the step of controlling the doubly salient electro-magnetic power generation system to operate under the operation working condition corresponding to the group of working condition information again until the corresponding relation between each group of working condition information and the corresponding conduction angle combination is established, and establishing the conduction angle table.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the conduction angle parameter α is a value within an electrical angle range of (0 °,120 ° ], the conduction angle parameter β is a value within an electrical angle range of [0 °, α ], and a difference between α and β reaches a difference threshold.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the method of varying the combination of conduction angles comprises:
selecting the value of a conduction angle parameter gamma;
sequentially traversing and selecting a plurality of different values of the conduction angle parameter alpha according to the first step in an electrical angle interval of (0 degrees and 120 degrees);
and sequentially traversing and selecting a plurality of different values of the conduction angle parameter beta according to a second step in the electrical angle interval of [0 degrees, alpha ] on the basis of unchanging the value of the conduction angle parameter gamma and the value of each conduction angle parameter alpha.
8. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the asymmetric half bridge, the switching tube T is 7 Is connected with the excitation voltage source U f Positive electrode of (2), switching tube T 7 Emitter-connected diode D 7 Cathode of (2), diode D 7 Anode of is connected with the excitation voltage source U f The negative electrode of (1); diode D 8 Is connected with the excitation voltage source U f Anode of (2), diode D 8 Anode of the switch tube T 8 Collector electrode of (2), switching tube T 8 Is connected with the excitation voltage source U f The negative electrode of (1); switch tube T 7 And a switching tube T 8 Both ends of the diode are respectively connected with a reverse diode in parallel; switch tube T 7 Through an exciting resistor R f Connecting the excitation winding L f Of said excitation winding L f The other end of the switch tube T is connected with a switch tube T 8 A collector electrode of (a);
the method for controlling the duty cycle of the switching tube in the asymmetric half bridge to perform closed-loop control on the excitation current on the excitation winding comprises the following steps:
obtaining a switching tube T 7 Is connected to the excitation resistor R f Of the line i f At a given current i fref And an excitation current i f Is used as the input of a PI controller, and controls a switch tube T according to the duty ratio corresponding to the output of the PI controller 7 And a switching tube T 8 Make and break of (2).
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the controllable rectifier is a three-phase bridge rectifier with a switching transistor T 1 Collector electrode and switching tube T 3 Collector electrode and switching tube T 5 The collector electrodes of the two-phase current collector are connected with one end of the load and the switch tube T 1 The emitter is connected with a switch tube T 2 Collector electrode of (1), switching tube T 3 The emitter is connected with a switch tube T 4 Collector electrode of (1), switching tube T 5 The emitter is connected with a switch tube T 6 Collector electrode of (1), switching tube T 2 Emitter and switch tube T 4 Emitter and switching tube T 6 The emitters of the two-way rectifier are connected with each other and connected with the other end of the load;
switch tube T 1 The emitter of the switch tube is connected with the A-phase winding of the electric excitation doubly salient generator, and the switch tube T 3 The emitter of the switch tube is connected with the B-phase winding of the electric excitation doubly salient generator, and the switch tube T 5 The emitter of the generator is connected with a C-phase winding of the electric excitation double salient pole generator; switch tube T 1 Switch tube T 2 And a switch tube T 3 Switch tube T 4 Switch tube T 5 And a switching tube T 6 Both ends of the diode are respectively connected with a reverse diode in parallel;
a [0 °,360 °) electrical cycle comprises a first sector in an electrical angle interval of [0 °,120 °,240 °, a second sector in an electrical angle interval of [120 °,240 °, and a third sector in an electrical angle interval of [240 °,360 °, the first sector having a sector start position of 0 °, the second sector having a sector start position of 120 °, the third sector having a sector start position of 240 °;
in the first sector, the self-inductance of the A-phase winding rises, the self-inductance of the B-phase winding does not change, the self-inductance of the C-phase winding falls, and the upper bridge arm switching tube connected with the phase winding rising in the first sector is a switching tube T 1 The lower bridge arm switch tube connected with the phase winding which is self-inductively decreased in the first sector is a switch tube T 6 ；
In the second sector, the self-inductance of the B-phase winding rises, the self-inductance of the C-phase winding does not change, the self-inductance of the A-phase winding falls, and the upper bridge arm switching tube connected with the phase winding rising in the second sector is a switching tube T 3 The lower bridge arm switch tube connected with the phase winding which is self-inductively decreased in the second sector is a switch tube T 2 ；
In the third sector, the self-inductance of the C-phase winding rises, the self-inductance of the A-phase winding does not change, the self-inductance of the B-phase winding falls, and the upper bridge arm switching tube connected with the phase winding rising in the third sector is a switching tube T 5 The lower bridge arm switching tube connected with the phase winding which is decreased in self-inductance in the third sector is a switching tube T 4 。
10. The method of claim 9,
when in the [0 DEG, beta) electric angle interval, the switch tube T is controlled 1 And a switching tube T 6 Are all conducted, and the A-phase winding, the C-phase winding and the DC side filter capacitor C dc Connecting;
when in the [ beta, 120-gamma ] electric angle interval, the switch tube T is controlled 1 Close, only turn on the switch tube T 6 The A-phase winding and the C-phase winding pass through a switching tube T 6 And a switching tube T 2 Reverse diode D at two ends 2 Connecting;
when the electrical angle is within the range of [ 120-gamma, 120-alpha ], the switch tube T is controlled 3 And a switching tube T 6 Are all conducted, and the B-phase winding, the C-phase winding and the DC side filter capacitor C dc Connecting;
when the electric angle is within the range of [120 DEG to alpha, 120 DEG), the switch tube T is controlled 6 Switch tube T is closed and only conducted 3 The B-phase winding and the C-phase winding pass through a switching tube T 3 And a switching tube T 5 Reverse diode D at two ends 5 Connecting;
when the angle is in the range of [120 degrees, 120 degrees + beta ], the switch tube T is controlled 2 And a switching tube T 3 Conducting, A phase winding and B phase winding and DC side filter capacitor C dc Connecting;
when the angle is in the range of [120 degrees + beta, 240 degrees-gamma) electric angle, the switch tube T is controlled 3 Switch tube T is closed and only conducted 2 The A-phase winding and the B-phase winding pass through a switching tube T 2 And a switching tube T 4 Reverse diode D at two ends 4 Connecting;
when in the electric angle interval of (240-gamma, 240-alpha), the switch tube T is controlled 2 And a switching tube T 5 Conducting, A phase winding and C phase winding and DC side filter capacitor C dc Connecting;
when in the electric angle range of 240-alpha, 240 DEG, the switch tube T is controlled 2 Switch tube T is closed and only conducted 5 The A-phase winding and the C-phase winding pass through a switch tube T 5 And a switching tube T 1 Reverse diode at two endsD 1 Connecting;
when the angle is in the [240 degrees, 240 degrees + beta ] electric angle interval, the switch tube T is controlled 4 And a switching tube T 5 Conducting, B phase winding and C phase winding and DC side filter capacitor C dc Connecting;
when the angle is in the range of [240 degrees + beta, 360 degrees-gamma ], controlling the switch tube T 5 Switch tube T is closed and only conducted 4 The B-phase winding and the C-phase winding pass through a switch tube T 4 And a switching tube T 6 Reverse diode D at two ends 6 Connecting;
when in the electrical angle interval of (360-gamma, 360-alpha), the switch tube T is controlled 1 And a switching tube T 4 Conducting, A phase winding and B phase winding and DC side filter capacitor C dc Connecting;
when the angle is within the range of 360 DEG to alpha and 360 DEG, the switch tube T is controlled 4 Switch tube T is closed and only conducted 1 The A-phase winding and the B-phase winding pass through a switching tube T 1 And a switching tube T 3 Reverse diode D at two ends 3 Are connected.
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